Subject combinations at A-level in Ugandan Senior Secondary Schools have made or marred the future career of many prospective students, many students have ended up doing courses they had not planned to do because they made wrong choices at their A-level. This recommender system offers the decision-making process for students based on their subject performance coupled with interest, passion, skills and talents to enable them make right choices. It is person-centred and there are three (3) main actors: the student (who are interested in making appropriate career choice), the documents (which contains available information about interest and passion, skills and talents and subject performances) and access metrics (which aids the student of A-level in extracting knowledge from available resources). A hybrid matrix factorization model using ANFIS and R were used to represents students and subjects as linear combinations derived from their characteristics and interactions, this is combined with rule-based model to offer a unified approach of presenting any student with a list of subjects that will lead to prospective career choices. This offer higher predictive accuracy in career choice matchmaking and overcoming challenges of parental influence, peer influence and others while expanding opportunities of career guidance in Uganda.
{"title":"Recommender system for modelling subject combination in Ugandan senior secondary schools","authors":"O. Fagbolu","doi":"10.23954/osj.v5i2.2424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i2.2424","url":null,"abstract":"Subject combinations at A-level in Ugandan Senior Secondary Schools have made or marred the future career of many prospective students, many students have ended up doing courses they had not planned to do because they made wrong choices at their A-level. This recommender system offers the decision-making process for students based on their subject performance coupled with interest, passion, skills and talents to enable them make right choices. It is person-centred and there are three (3) main actors: the student (who are interested in making appropriate career choice), the documents (which contains available information about interest and passion, skills and talents and subject performances) and access metrics (which aids the student of A-level in extracting knowledge from available resources). A hybrid matrix factorization model using ANFIS and R were used to represents students and subjects as linear combinations derived from their characteristics and interactions, this is combined with rule-based model to offer a unified approach of presenting any student with a list of subjects that will lead to prospective career choices. This offer higher predictive accuracy in career choice matchmaking and overcoming challenges of parental influence, peer influence and others while expanding opportunities of career guidance in Uganda. ","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77093970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Commercial artificial insemination with boar semen still prefers the usage of refrigerated semen up to 5 days over frozen-thawed, to date. This is because of the uneconomical properties of frozen-thawed boar semen, such as low motility, viability, fertility rates and the need for higher semen doses, because of the decreased quality after cryopreservation. Since boar semen is highly susceptive to cold shock damage, the invention of a successful cryopreservation method would be greatly beneficial for the swine industry. This review briefly focuses on the many factors that influence the quality of frozen-thawed boar semen, including the different compositions of extenders, comparison of commercial extenders, freezing and thawing methods (temperature and duration). It could be concluded from the present review that optimum freezing/thawing protocol for swine is not standardized, so far being the current status still considered poor-to-fair.
{"title":"Artificial insemination and cryopreservation of boar semen: current state and problematics","authors":"Joaquim Moreira da Silva","doi":"10.23954/osj.v5i2.2353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i2.2353","url":null,"abstract":" Commercial artificial insemination with boar semen still prefers the usage of refrigerated semen up to 5 days over frozen-thawed, to date. This is because of the uneconomical properties of frozen-thawed boar semen, such as low motility, viability, fertility rates and the need for higher semen doses, because of the decreased quality after cryopreservation. Since boar semen is highly susceptive to cold shock damage, the invention of a successful cryopreservation method would be greatly beneficial for the swine industry. This review briefly focuses on the many factors that influence the quality of frozen-thawed boar semen, including the different compositions of extenders, comparison of commercial extenders, freezing and thawing methods (temperature and duration). It could be concluded from the present review that optimum freezing/thawing protocol for swine is not standardized, so far being the current status still considered poor-to-fair. ","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86906639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the adaptation of Positive Youth Development Sustainability Scale (PYDSS). Positive Youth Development is an approach in the form of caring, supportive attitude, and tends to see adolescents as a source that must be developed to reduce the occurrence of behavioral problems (Nystrom, et al., 2008). There are five aspects of PYD or called the 5 Cs Model of PYD consisting of character, competence, connection, caring, and confidence (Lerner, 2005). The five aspects encourage the emergence of the sixth aspect is contribution (Sieng, et al., 2018). The focus of this research lies in the development of measuring instruments through the adaptation of PYDSS as a means to see the validity and reliability of the items in the PYDSS measurement tools. This study involved 242 subjects with age categories 15-18 years. The research instrument was in the form of a questionnaire consisting of 29 statement items. Quantitative data analysis techniques used are validity tests based on content using Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI), validity tests based on internal structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability tests based on homogeneity/internal consistency through Cronbach's coefficient alpha and construct/composite reliability (CR). The results of data analysis showed that the value of CVR almost met the minimum parameters of 0.952 < 0.99 where the average (CVI)> 0.8; loading factor> 0.5 except for items CH2, CN4, and HC1, and the suitability of the model that is quite fit with a value of χ2 / df> 2; SRMR <0.1; RMSEA <0.1; CFI> 0.8; TLI> 0.8; and p-value <0.05. Reliability test through the Cronbach's alpha coefficient shows a number> 0.9 and a CR value> 0.7. This shows that the adaptation of PYDSS measurement tools for high school adolescents in Surabaya fulfils good validity and reliability values.
{"title":"Adaptation of positive youth development sustainability scale (PYDSS)","authors":"Ardiana Meilinawati, Endah Mastuti","doi":"10.23954/osj.v5i2.2485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i2.2485","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the adaptation of Positive Youth Development Sustainability Scale (PYDSS). Positive Youth Development is an approach in the form of caring, supportive attitude, and tends to see adolescents as a source that must be developed to reduce the occurrence of behavioral problems (Nystrom, et al., 2008). There are five aspects of PYD or called the 5 Cs Model of PYD consisting of character, competence, connection, caring, and confidence (Lerner, 2005). The five aspects encourage the emergence of the sixth aspect is contribution (Sieng, et al., 2018). The focus of this research lies in the development of measuring instruments through the adaptation of PYDSS as a means to see the validity and reliability of the items in the PYDSS measurement tools. This study involved 242 subjects with age categories 15-18 years. The research instrument was in the form of a questionnaire consisting of 29 statement items. Quantitative data analysis techniques used are validity tests based on content using Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI), validity tests based on internal structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability tests based on homogeneity/internal consistency through Cronbach's coefficient alpha and construct/composite reliability (CR). The results of data analysis showed that the value of CVR almost met the minimum parameters of 0.952 < 0.99 where the average (CVI)> 0.8; loading factor> 0.5 except for items CH2, CN4, and HC1, and the suitability of the model that is quite fit with a value of χ2 / df> 2; SRMR <0.1; RMSEA <0.1; CFI> 0.8; TLI> 0.8; and p-value <0.05. Reliability test through the Cronbach's alpha coefficient shows a number> 0.9 and a CR value> 0.7. This shows that the adaptation of PYDSS measurement tools for high school adolescents in Surabaya fulfils good validity and reliability values. ","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88092086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-02DOI: 10.2174/1874256402012010001
S. Salem, P. Jagadeesan
Most recently emerged pneumonia of unknown cause named COVID-19 has a devastating impact on public health and economy surpassing its counterparts in morbidity and mortality. Asymptomatic spread appears to be prevalent in China from where it is originated, lacking a clear and precise understanding of the transmission dynamics. Precautionary approach on certain ethnic food from mammalian sources like bats and its possible transmission source has been presented. Biosecurity measures should also be considered. The application of accurate predictive modeling in the alleviation of infectious diseases has also been discussed. The COVID-19 outbreak seems to be an alarming lesson to the global community to start preparing for an open, transparent, and coordinated action by all relevant stakeholders.
{"title":"COVID-19 from Food Safety and Biosecurity Perspective","authors":"S. Salem, P. Jagadeesan","doi":"10.2174/1874256402012010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874256402012010001","url":null,"abstract":"Most recently emerged pneumonia of unknown cause named COVID-19 has a devastating impact on public health and economy surpassing its counterparts in morbidity and mortality. Asymptomatic spread appears to be prevalent in China from where it is originated, lacking a clear and precise understanding of the transmission dynamics. Precautionary approach on certain ethnic food from mammalian sources like bats and its possible transmission source has been presented. Biosecurity measures should also be considered. The application of accurate predictive modeling in the alleviation of infectious diseases has also been discussed. The COVID-19 outbreak seems to be an alarming lesson to the global community to start preparing for an open, transparent, and coordinated action by all relevant stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"97 7 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88653235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gideon Kweku Appiah, K. Prempeh, Shadrack Benn, E. Oduro
ABSTRACTSub-Sahara Africa has over the years been exposed to diverse arguments and agitations about the provision of employment to alleviate poverty in the sub region with the aim of achieving full employment. Whereas some economists and bibliographers believe of the significant impact that employment and unemployment have on annual percentage change in GDP growth, some do not. The main objective of the study is to access the impact that employment and unemployment have on annual percentage change in GDP growth in Sub-Saharan African countries. World Development Indicator (WDI) data was collected from the World Bank from the year 2000 to 2014 for the purpose of the study. A sample of 12 sub-Saharan African countries were randomly selected using a random number generator and variables taken. Two statistical models were used; the Pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model and the Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) regression model with fixed effect was used to empirically access impact that employment and unemployment have on annual percentage change in GDP growth. Both the Pooled Ordinary Least Square regression model and the Least Square Dummy Variable regression model tested to be statistically significant but LSDV regression model explained a greater percentage of the variability of the model than the Pooled OLS for employment on GDP growth rate. The pooled OLS regression model was not statistically significant at 5% level of significance in assessing the impact that unemployment has on annual percentage change in GDP growth. Further empirical analysis of the study also revealed a positive relationship between annual percentage change in GDP growth and employment for the female population (Empl15+Female), employment rate for the male population (Empl15+Male) and employment rate for the Total Youth population (Empl15-24 total). Also, an inverse relationship existed between unemployment male youth population (15-24years), and female youth population (15-24years) on annual percentage change in GDP growth. The study can be improved by considering other factors that impact GDP growth other than employment and unemployment.Keywords: Employment, Unemployment, GDP growth rate, Pooled OLS, LSDV
{"title":"Panel data analysis of employment and unemployment in Sub-Saharan Africa and its impact on annual percentage change in GDP growth","authors":"Gideon Kweku Appiah, K. Prempeh, Shadrack Benn, E. Oduro","doi":"10.23954/osj.v5i2.2394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i2.2394","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTSub-Sahara Africa has over the years been exposed to diverse arguments and agitations about the provision of employment to alleviate poverty in the sub region with the aim of achieving full employment. Whereas some economists and bibliographers believe of the significant impact that employment and unemployment have on annual percentage change in GDP growth, some do not. The main objective of the study is to access the impact that employment and unemployment have on annual percentage change in GDP growth in Sub-Saharan African countries. World Development Indicator (WDI) data was collected from the World Bank from the year 2000 to 2014 for the purpose of the study. A sample of 12 sub-Saharan African countries were randomly selected using a random number generator and variables taken. Two statistical models were used; the Pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model and the Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) regression model with fixed effect was used to empirically access impact that employment and unemployment have on annual percentage change in GDP growth. Both the Pooled Ordinary Least Square regression model and the Least Square Dummy Variable regression model tested to be statistically significant but LSDV regression model explained a greater percentage of the variability of the model than the Pooled OLS for employment on GDP growth rate. The pooled OLS regression model was not statistically significant at 5% level of significance in assessing the impact that unemployment has on annual percentage change in GDP growth. Further empirical analysis of the study also revealed a positive relationship between annual percentage change in GDP growth and employment for the female population (Empl15+Female), employment rate for the male population (Empl15+Male) and employment rate for the Total Youth population (Empl15-24 total). Also, an inverse relationship existed between unemployment male youth population (15-24years), and female youth population (15-24years) on annual percentage change in GDP growth. The study can be improved by considering other factors that impact GDP growth other than employment and unemployment.Keywords: Employment, Unemployment, GDP growth rate, Pooled OLS, LSDV","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90062002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-27DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.26.20100529
M. Foschini, A. Monte, A. C. Mendes, R. J. Scarabucci, A. Maletta, C. D. Giuliani, B. A. Duarte, K. Del‐Claro
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is no agreement, until the current date, about the recommendations of homemade face mask use for the general population, and one of the reasons is a lack of information about their real protective rule on spreading aerosols and viruses. This is a comparative study regarding the relative efficiencies of commercial respiratory masks (medical masks) and homemade fabric masks, which may guide authorities across the globe, following the 'Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19', by the World Health Organization. We described two optical methodologies for charactering respiratory masks. It happens that the aerosol scattering coefficient is linear as a function of its concentration inside the mask chamber. Quantitative optical properties of scattering for a large batch fabrication of masks were demonstrated, making the mask N95 suitable for use as a reference standard.
{"title":"Aerosol blocking assessment by different types of fabrics for homemade respiratory masks: spectroscopy and imaging study","authors":"M. Foschini, A. Monte, A. C. Mendes, R. J. Scarabucci, A. Maletta, C. D. Giuliani, B. A. Duarte, K. Del‐Claro","doi":"10.1101/2020.05.26.20100529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.26.20100529","url":null,"abstract":"During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is no agreement, until the current date, about the recommendations of homemade face mask use for the general population, and one of the reasons is a lack of information about their real protective rule on spreading aerosols and viruses. This is a comparative study regarding the relative efficiencies of commercial respiratory masks (medical masks) and homemade fabric masks, which may guide authorities across the globe, following the 'Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19', by the World Health Organization. We described two optical methodologies for charactering respiratory masks. It happens that the aerosol scattering coefficient is linear as a function of its concentration inside the mask chamber. Quantitative optical properties of scattering for a large batch fabrication of masks were demonstrated, making the mask N95 suitable for use as a reference standard.","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82296861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.1590/scielopreprints.548
Ce Cheng, T. Q. Louro, Daniel Aragão Machado, Roberto Carlos Lyrada Silva, Andrea Dos Santos Garcia, Carlos Silva
Objective: To analyze the dispersion of journals and scientific collaboration on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, available on the Web of Science. Methods: Bibliometric study that analyzed the production of documents available on the Web of Science, from 1989 to 2020. Results: 1623 documents were retrieved, distributed in 538 journals. The average production per year was 55.9. The average production per author was 1.73. The Nursing category contributed 17 (1.04%) documents, with Virology being the largest contribution 324 (19.96%). China led the ranking with 640 publications (39.43%). Conclusion: The data presented demonstrate the high level of interest of the scientific community in the subject. It was possible to identify 82 authors composing an Elite group of Authors, whose productivity was 66.1%. The United States, China and Saudi Arabia are the countries that most formed Collaboration Networks
目的:分析Web of Science上关于严重急性呼吸系统综合征的期刊分布和科学合作情况。方法:文献计量学研究分析了1989年至2020年Web of Science上可用文献的生产情况。结果:共检索文献1623篇，分布于538种期刊。年平均产量为55.9。每位作者的平均产量为1.73。护理类文献贡献17篇(1.04%)，病毒学文献贡献最大(324篇(19.96%))。中国以640篇(39.43%)位居榜首。结论:所提供的数据显示了科学界对该主题的高度兴趣。精英作者群(Elite group of authors)共鉴定出82位作者，其生产率为66.1%。美国、中国和沙特阿拉伯是组建协作网络最多的国家
{"title":"Behavior of scientific production on severe acute respiratory syndrome","authors":"Ce Cheng, T. Q. Louro, Daniel Aragão Machado, Roberto Carlos Lyrada Silva, Andrea Dos Santos Garcia, Carlos Silva","doi":"10.1590/scielopreprints.548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/scielopreprints.548","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the dispersion of journals and scientific collaboration on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, available on the Web of Science. Methods: Bibliometric study that analyzed the production of documents available on the Web of Science, from 1989 to 2020. Results: 1623 documents were retrieved, distributed in 538 journals. The average production per year was 55.9. The average production per author was 1.73. The Nursing category contributed 17 (1.04%) documents, with Virology being the largest contribution 324 (19.96%). China led the ranking with 640 publications (39.43%). Conclusion: The data presented demonstrate the high level of interest of the scientific community in the subject. It was possible to identify 82 authors composing an Elite group of Authors, whose productivity was 66.1%. The United States, China and Saudi Arabia are the countries that most formed Collaboration Networks","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75018118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this age of technology, where the use of this is excessive and its exponential growth has given rise to a series of challenges and opportunities caused by the accumulation of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Mexico City. For its treatment, more practical approaches have been necessary, taking into account proper management and long-term well-being as a main element of sustainability. The objective of this work is to propose sustainable initiatives based on social, economic and environmental dimensions, based on the challenges faced by waste management of electrical and electronic equipment as one of the fields that contribute to the transition towards a sustainable society. Data from each dimension were analyzed to extract the most relevant challenges by reviewing the literature and identifying sources that relate them to the life cycle of electrical and electronic waste. As a result, a governance model for waste electronic and electronic devices was obtained to support environmental sustainability that identifies lines of action for the effective treatment of waste electrical and electronic equipment highlighting awareness, education, knowledge and regulations as well as processes environmental. From this it is concluded that the governance of waste electrical and electronic equipment is mandatory for the integration of economic, social and environmental factors to efficiently leverage efforts on environmental care.
{"title":"Environmentally sustainable governance model to improve the ewaste management in Mexico City","authors":"H. Cano","doi":"10.23954/osj.v5i1.2333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i1.2333","url":null,"abstract":"In this age of technology, where the use of this is excessive and its exponential growth has given rise to a series of challenges and opportunities caused by the accumulation of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Mexico City. For its treatment, more practical approaches have been necessary, taking into account proper management and long-term well-being as a main element of sustainability. The objective of this work is to propose sustainable initiatives based on social, economic and environmental dimensions, based on the challenges faced by waste management of electrical and electronic equipment as one of the fields that contribute to the transition towards a sustainable society. Data from each dimension were analyzed to extract the most relevant challenges by reviewing the literature and identifying sources that relate them to the life cycle of electrical and electronic waste. As a result, a governance model for waste electronic and electronic devices was obtained to support environmental sustainability that identifies lines of action for the effective treatment of waste electrical and electronic equipment highlighting awareness, education, knowledge and regulations as well as processes environmental. From this it is concluded that the governance of waste electrical and electronic equipment is mandatory for the integration of economic, social and environmental factors to efficiently leverage efforts on environmental care.","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75154617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-24DOI: 10.20944/preprints202003.0359.v1
Rodrique Kozhaya
This Thesis has been realized within the agribusiness sector and experiments the Transaction Cost Theory a branch of the New Institutional Economy which explain market failure caused by many factors. Transaction costs are associated with carrying a transaction between buyers and sellers. This study has been conducted between 2014 and 2017; and has collected data from 11 broiler producers in Jezzine, Lebanon, about: Production costs, capital investment, revenues, land tenure, access to infrastructure, and information about the contract. The propensity score matching method is used to compare the effect of participating in contract farming and to solve the hypotheses, which say: There is a positive relationship between contract farming and the economic benefits of broiler producers and the development of the broiler sector in Jezzine District. Findings from farmer’s interviews indicated that sustainability, guaranteed price, risk reduction, credit facilities and technical aids are the main reasons for signing a contract. In contrast, Farmers have expressed problems concerning the contractors’ responsibilities such as delay in payment and delivery. Also, when prices are high, it was argued that farmers were selling the products in the open market.
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Contract Farming, and its Impact on Broiler Producers in Lebanon","authors":"Rodrique Kozhaya","doi":"10.20944/preprints202003.0359.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202003.0359.v1","url":null,"abstract":"This Thesis has been realized within the agribusiness sector and experiments the Transaction Cost Theory a branch of the New Institutional Economy which explain market failure caused by many factors. Transaction costs are associated with carrying a transaction between buyers and sellers. This study has been conducted between 2014 and 2017; and has collected data from 11 broiler producers in Jezzine, Lebanon, about: Production costs, capital investment, revenues, land tenure, access to infrastructure, and information about the contract. The propensity score matching method is used to compare the effect of participating in contract farming and to solve the hypotheses, which say: There is a positive relationship between contract farming and the economic benefits of broiler producers and the development of the broiler sector in Jezzine District. Findings from farmer’s interviews indicated that sustainability, guaranteed price, risk reduction, credit facilities and technical aids are the main reasons for signing a contract. In contrast, Farmers have expressed problems concerning the contractors’ responsibilities such as delay in payment and delivery. Also, when prices are high, it was argued that farmers were selling the products in the open market.","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72626154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff. Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff.
{"title":"Teff could contribute to the Sustainable Goals of United Nation’s Goals in low-income areas of Middle East and North Africa","authors":"A. Golmohamadi, R. A. Yazdi, K. Kita","doi":"10.23954/osj.v5i1.2221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i1.2221","url":null,"abstract":"Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff. Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff.","PeriodicalId":22809,"journal":{"name":"The Open Food Science Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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