Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.17576/mjas-2018-2202-12
M. S. Azmina, R. Nor, H. A. Rafaie, A. Fairus, Z. Osman
Pure and Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized on microscopic sand particles by sol-gel method. Silver nitrate was used as the doping precursor, Ag doping levels of 1.3 to 7.7 of Ag/Zn ratios were obtained based on energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. X-ray diffraction results show that a ZnO (101) peak of Ag doped samples are shifted towards lower degree which around 0.17 compared to pure ZnO NPs, indicating the existence of doping in the Ag doped samples. The pure and Ag doped ZnO samples were used as photocatalysts in the degradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation. Photodegradation efficiency based on the pseudo-first kinetics model gave measured values of the photodegradation rate, k of 8.9, 11.8, 12.7, 14.8 and 17.4 x 10 min for pure, 1.3, 1.6, 1.7 and 2.4 of Ag/Zn ratios, respectively. At higher doping levels of 3.3 and 7.7 of Ag/Zn ratios, the k values receded to 12.7 and 12.0 x 10 min, respectively. The increasing trend on k values can be due to the doping defect levels which trapped the recombining electrons, thus lengthening the lifetime of the electron hole pairs.
{"title":"Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue with silver doped ZnO nanoparticles grown on microscopic sand particles.","authors":"M. S. Azmina, R. Nor, H. A. Rafaie, A. Fairus, Z. Osman","doi":"10.17576/mjas-2018-2202-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2018-2202-12","url":null,"abstract":"Pure and Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized on microscopic sand particles by sol-gel method. Silver nitrate was used as the doping precursor, Ag doping levels of 1.3 to 7.7 of Ag/Zn ratios were obtained based on energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. X-ray diffraction results show that a ZnO (101) peak of Ag doped samples are shifted towards lower degree which around 0.17 compared to pure ZnO NPs, indicating the existence of doping in the Ag doped samples. The pure and Ag doped ZnO samples were used as photocatalysts in the degradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation. Photodegradation efficiency based on the pseudo-first kinetics model gave measured values of the photodegradation rate, k of 8.9, 11.8, 12.7, 14.8 and 17.4 x 10 min for pure, 1.3, 1.6, 1.7 and 2.4 of Ag/Zn ratios, respectively. At higher doping levels of 3.3 and 7.7 of Ag/Zn ratios, the k values receded to 12.7 and 12.0 x 10 min, respectively. The increasing trend on k values can be due to the doping defect levels which trapped the recombining electrons, thus lengthening the lifetime of the electron hole pairs.","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"270-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83659309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-01
Iqbal Jalaludin, Amirul Husna bin Sudin, Ikram M. Said, Kamalrul Azlan Azizan, Syarul Nataqain Baharum, Abdul Murad, Farah Diba Abu Bakar, Nor Muhammad Mahadi, Mark R. Wormald, Dominic S. Alonzi, Muhammad Mukram Mohamed Mackeen
{"title":"Pemprofilan KCPT pendarfluor dan penyerakan cahaya sejatan oligosakarida terpaut-(N) asparagina intrasel daripada saccharomyces cerevisiae menggunakan mutan alg8","authors":"Iqbal Jalaludin, Amirul Husna bin Sudin, Ikram M. Said, Kamalrul Azlan Azizan, Syarul Nataqain Baharum, Abdul Murad, Farah Diba Abu Bakar, Nor Muhammad Mahadi, Mark R. Wormald, Dominic S. Alonzi, Muhammad Mukram Mohamed Mackeen","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"1210-1218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84600483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-25
N. M. Nor, Darfizzi Derawi, J. Salimon
{"title":"Pengubahsuaian kimia minyak sawit terepoksida untuk aplikasi biopelincir","authors":"N. M. Nor, Darfizzi Derawi, J. Salimon","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"130 1","pages":"1423-1431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74800772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-26
Majd Ahmed Jumaah, M. Othman, Muhammad Rahimi Usop, Jumat Salimon, Baydaa Khalaf, Wan Mohd Afiq Wan Mohd Khalik
{"title":"Elektrod komposit logam berasaskan arang bagi rawatan air buangan","authors":"Majd Ahmed Jumaah, M. Othman, Muhammad Rahimi Usop, Jumat Salimon, Baydaa Khalaf, Wan Mohd Afiq Wan Mohd Khalik","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"1432-1437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85437719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-09
Siti Zubaidah Hasan, M. Othman, Muhammad Rahimi Usop
{"title":"Sintesis Mno2 nanobunga poros menggunakan templat silika-APTES","authors":"Siti Zubaidah Hasan, M. Othman, Muhammad Rahimi Usop","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"1276-1288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82915684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-22
Suria Ramli, Norhakimah Norhman, Norhidayu Zainuddin, Safiah Mohamad Ja’afar, I. A. Rahman
Aging process makes our skin getting thinner and drier. Antioxidant based on nanoemulsion system is favourable because of its effectiveness. This study was conducted to develop nanoemulsion system based on palm olein as a carrier of vitamin E and the physicochemical behaviours of the system were studied. Palm olein as oil phase, polyoxyethylene (4) lauryl ether (Brij 30) was used as a surfactant and vitamin E as an anti-aging agent. The mixtures of Brij 30 and palm olein at certain ratios were thoroughly mixed and titrated with 5 – 95% wt. of water and homogenized by using homogenizer. The Palm olein/Brij 30/Water mixtures that produced a clear solution and no birefringence after observation under polarized light microscopy are labelled as nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsion region was shown in ternary phase diagram. Based on the ternary diagram, these systems were formed at oil: surfactant (O/S) ratio 4:6, 5:5 and 6:4 and 20 – 50% wt of water. These systems were then characterized for stability test, particle size, electrical conductivity, viscosity and pH. Stability test was done at three temperatures, which were 4, 25 and 40 °C for one month and four cycles of freeze-thaw at storage temperature for 12 hours at each temperature. The systems were stable and no phase separation was observed. Particle size analysis showed that most systems have a particle size within the range of nanoemulsion (20 – 500 nm). Electrical conductivity tests showed that water-in-oil system formed at low water percentage (20 – 30% wt. of water) and bicontinuous at a higher percentage (30 – 50% wt. of water). Viscosity of both systems vitamin E-loaded and unloaded is very low. All systems have a pH value in a range of 6 – 7, which are suitable to be applied to human skin. Based on the physical characteristics of the system, it shows high potential as a vitamin E carrier.
{"title":"Nanoemulsi berasaskan olein sawit sebagai pembawa vitamin E","authors":"Suria Ramli, Norhakimah Norhman, Norhidayu Zainuddin, Safiah Mohamad Ja’afar, I. A. Rahman","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-22","url":null,"abstract":"Aging process makes our skin getting thinner and drier. Antioxidant based on nanoemulsion system is favourable because of its effectiveness. This study was conducted to develop nanoemulsion system based on palm olein as a carrier of vitamin E and the physicochemical behaviours of the system were studied. Palm olein as oil phase, polyoxyethylene (4) lauryl ether (Brij 30) was used as a surfactant and vitamin E as an anti-aging agent. The mixtures of Brij 30 and palm olein at certain ratios were thoroughly mixed and titrated with 5 – 95% wt. of water and homogenized by using homogenizer. The Palm olein/Brij 30/Water mixtures that produced a clear solution and no birefringence after observation under polarized light microscopy are labelled as nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsion region was shown in ternary phase diagram. Based on the ternary diagram, these systems were formed at oil: surfactant (O/S) ratio 4:6, 5:5 and 6:4 and 20 – 50% wt of water. These systems were then characterized for stability test, particle size, electrical conductivity, viscosity and pH. Stability test was done at three temperatures, which were 4, 25 and 40 °C for one month and four cycles of freeze-thaw at storage temperature for 12 hours at each temperature. The systems were stable and no phase separation was observed. Particle size analysis showed that most systems have a particle size within the range of nanoemulsion (20 – 500 nm). Electrical conductivity tests showed that water-in-oil system formed at low water percentage (20 – 30% wt. of water) and bicontinuous at a higher percentage (30 – 50% wt. of water). Viscosity of both systems vitamin E-loaded and unloaded is very low. All systems have a pH value in a range of 6 – 7, which are suitable to be applied to human skin. Based on the physical characteristics of the system, it shows high potential as a vitamin E carrier.","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"1399-1408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84813369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-05
Andi Rifki Rosandy, Muntaz Abu Bakar, Nur Farhana Abdul Rahman, A. Murad, Azira Muhamad, R. Khalid
Four diketopiperazine derivatives; cyclo(-Pro-Val) (1), (-)-cyclo(-Pro-Tyr) (2), (-)-cyclo(-Pro-Phe) (3) and (+)-cyclo(-Pro-Leu) (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Glaciozyma antarctica PI12, a cold-adapted yeast that belongs to family Kriegeriales. The compounds were isolated by radial chromatography and thin layer chromatography techniques and the chemical structures were elucidated by infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
四种双酮哌嗪衍生物;从Kriegeriales科冷适应酵母Glaciozyma antarctica PI12的乙酸乙基提取物中分离得到cyclo(- pro - val)(1)、(-)-cyclo(- pro - tyr)(2)、(-)-cyclo(- pro - phe)(3)和(+)-cyclo(- pro - leu)(4)。采用径向色谱和薄层色谱分离得到化合物，并用红外(IR)、紫外(UV)、核磁共振(NMR)和质谱分析鉴定了化合物的化学结构。
{"title":"Diketopiperazin dihasilkan oleh yis psikropilik Glaciozyma antarctica PI12","authors":"Andi Rifki Rosandy, Muntaz Abu Bakar, Nur Farhana Abdul Rahman, A. Murad, Azira Muhamad, R. Khalid","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2106-05","url":null,"abstract":"Four diketopiperazine derivatives; cyclo(-Pro-Val) (1), (-)-cyclo(-Pro-Tyr) (2), (-)-cyclo(-Pro-Phe) (3) and (+)-cyclo(-Pro-Leu) (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Glaciozyma antarctica PI12, a cold-adapted yeast that belongs to family Kriegeriales. The compounds were isolated by radial chromatography and thin layer chromatography techniques and the chemical structures were elucidated by infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"124 1","pages":"1243-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79791111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2105-02
Nawwar Hanun Abdul Malek, Mohammad Fadzlee Ngatiman, B. M. Yamin, Nurul Izzaty Hassan
Two pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylates each containing butynyl and pentynyl at position 2 and 6 were synthesized by esterification of 2,6-pyridinedicarbonyl dichloride with N-alkyne alcohol. All compounds were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Crystallographic studies showed that both compounds, 3-dibutynyl pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (3a) and 4-dipentynyl pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (3b) crystallized in monoclinic system with same space group of C 2/c.
{"title":"Sintesis dan kajian sinar-X hablur tunggal 3-dibutinil dan 4-dipentinil piridina-2,6-dikarboksilat","authors":"Nawwar Hanun Abdul Malek, Mohammad Fadzlee Ngatiman, B. M. Yamin, Nurul Izzaty Hassan","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2105-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2105-02","url":null,"abstract":"Two pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylates each containing butynyl and pentynyl at position 2 and 6 were synthesized by esterification of 2,6-pyridinedicarbonyl dichloride with N-alkyne alcohol. All compounds were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Crystallographic studies showed that both compounds, 3-dibutynyl pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (3a) and 4-dipentynyl pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate (3b) crystallized in monoclinic system with same space group of C 2/c.","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"1008-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74752107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-01DOI: 10.17576/MJAS-2017-2105-19
Nyotia Nyokat, Yen KhongHeng, A. S. Hamzah, L. Fong, Aimi Suhaili Saaidin
Artocarpus odoratissimus is native to Borneo and Mindanao Island. In Sarawak, it is locally known as Terap. Previous studies showed Artocarpus species are rich in phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, stilbenoids and arylbenzofurons. The chemical profile of the indigenous plants from Sarawak, such as A. odoratissimus has not been studied intensively and the analyses of medicinal properties have not been explored. Thus, a phytochemical study is carried out on the root extracts of A. odoratissimus using various chromatographic methods and it has led to the isolation of two known flavonoids, namely pinocembrin (1) and pinostrobin (2). The structures are identified by comparison of their 1H and 13C NMR data with those reported in the literature. Flavonoid molecule incorporated as multifunctional in the pharmaceutical industry. It has a vast range of pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Pinocembrin and pinostrobin which are successfully synthesized with 2-hydroxy,4,6-methoxyacetphenone and benzaldehyde as starting materials were discussed.
{"title":"Isolation and synthesis of pinocembrin and pinostrobin from Artocarpus odoratissimus.","authors":"Nyotia Nyokat, Yen KhongHeng, A. S. Hamzah, L. Fong, Aimi Suhaili Saaidin","doi":"10.17576/MJAS-2017-2105-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MJAS-2017-2105-19","url":null,"abstract":"Artocarpus odoratissimus is native to Borneo and Mindanao Island. In Sarawak, it is locally known as Terap. Previous studies showed Artocarpus species are rich in phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, stilbenoids and arylbenzofurons. The chemical profile of the indigenous plants from Sarawak, such as A. odoratissimus has not been studied intensively and the analyses of medicinal properties have not been explored. Thus, a phytochemical study is carried out on the root extracts of A. odoratissimus using various chromatographic methods and it has led to the isolation of two known flavonoids, namely pinocembrin (1) and pinostrobin (2). The structures are identified by comparison of their 1H and 13C NMR data with those reported in the literature. Flavonoid molecule incorporated as multifunctional in the pharmaceutical industry. It has a vast range of pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Pinocembrin and pinostrobin which are successfully synthesized with 2-hydroxy,4,6-methoxyacetphenone and benzaldehyde as starting materials were discussed.","PeriodicalId":22844,"journal":{"name":"The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"1156-1161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86450334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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