The evaluation of cognitive and motor performance can lead to a recognition of the risk factors associated with falling. The aim of this study was to compare cognitive and motor functions in elderly with and without experience of falling. In so doing, 60 elderly with and without falling experience voluntarily participated in this study. Mini Mental examination Test, working memory capacity test, reaction time, inhibition test, Berg balance test, tandem balance test, 6-minute walking test and balance confidence test were all administered to the groups. To analyze the data thus obtained, and to examine the relationship between the variables for estimated fall, independent samples t-test and regression analysis were run. The significance level was considered as p<0.05. The results showed that elderly people with fall experience had a weaker cognitive and balance-maintenance performance than those without such experience (p<0.05). The results of correlation and regression analyses indicated that Berg balance test, tandem, inhibition and MMSE had the strongest relationship with falling. Based on these results, it can be claimed that fall in elderly is associated with poor balance as well as cognitive decline. Age is one of the predictors of falling, and about 25% of motor activities are related to cognitive capacities.
对认知和运动表现的评估可以导致对与跌倒相关的危险因素的认识。本研究的目的是比较有和没有跌倒经验的老年人的认知和运动功能。在此过程中，60名有和没有跌倒经历的老年人自愿参加了本研究。各组分别进行Mini Mental examination Test、working memory capacity Test、reaction time Test、inhibition Test、Berg balance Test、tandem balance Test、6 min walking Test、balance confidence Test。为了分析由此获得的数据，并检验估计下降的变量之间的关系，进行了独立样本t检验和回归分析。以p<0.05为显著性水平。结果表明，有跌倒经历的老年人认知能力和平衡维持能力较无跌倒经历的老年人弱(p<0.05)。相关分析和回归分析结果表明，Berg平衡试验、串联、抑制和MMSE与跌倒的关系最强。基于这些结果，可以认为老年人跌倒与平衡能力差和认知能力下降有关。年龄是跌倒的预测因素之一，大约25%的运动活动与认知能力有关。
{"title":"The Comparison and Relationship between Cognitive and Motor Function in Elderly with and without Falling Experience","authors":"S. Ramesh, Elaheh Azadian, M. Majlesi","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.138","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of cognitive and motor performance can lead to a recognition of the risk factors associated with falling. The aim of this study was to compare cognitive and motor functions in elderly with and without experience of falling. In so doing, 60 elderly with and without falling experience voluntarily participated in this study. Mini Mental examination Test, working memory capacity test, reaction time, inhibition test, Berg balance test, tandem balance test, 6-minute walking test and balance confidence test were all administered to the groups. To analyze the data thus obtained, and to examine the relationship between the variables for estimated fall, independent samples t-test and regression analysis were run. The significance level was considered as p<0.05. The results showed that elderly people with fall experience had a weaker cognitive and balance-maintenance performance than those without such experience (p<0.05). The results of correlation and regression analyses indicated that Berg balance test, tandem, inhibition and MMSE had the strongest relationship with falling. Based on these results, it can be claimed that fall in elderly is associated with poor balance as well as cognitive decline. Age is one of the predictors of falling, and about 25% of motor activities are related to cognitive capacities.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117188166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CITE: Asadi, Sheikh, Hoomanian, Rafiei, The Effect of Attentional Focus on Gaze Behavior and Accuracy of Dart Throwing: The Attentional Task Demands Problem, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 1-16 ABSTRACT Focus of Attention and Quiet Eye (QE) of the affecting variables on aiming task performance in recent decades have always been interesting for psychologist and sport science researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attention instructions on gaze behavior and accuracy of dart throwing of novice in low and high task load. In a semi-experimental design with repeated measurements, participant performed dart throwing under three attentional condition (internal, external and control) in two different task load (low and high). Result showed the external focus in high load task improved accuracy of dart throwing than internal focus; in the event that, for low load task there was no significant difference between the attentional conditions. Also, for QE none of attention, load task and their interaction effects was not significant. Results of research for performance supported the constrained action hypothesis; and in contrast to the conscious processing hypothesis. Also the result of gaze behavior suggests several interesting areas for future research. 1. Ayoub Asadi, (Ph. D) University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
{"title":"The Effect of Attentional Focus on Gaze Behavior and Accuracy of Dart Throwing: The Attentional Task Demands Problem","authors":"A. Asadi, M. Sheikh, D. Hoomanian, Saleh Rafiei","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.1","url":null,"abstract":"CITE: Asadi, Sheikh, Hoomanian, Rafiei, The Effect of Attentional Focus on Gaze Behavior and Accuracy of Dart Throwing: The Attentional Task Demands Problem, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 1-16 ABSTRACT Focus of Attention and Quiet Eye (QE) of the affecting variables on aiming task performance in recent decades have always been interesting for psychologist and sport science researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attention instructions on gaze behavior and accuracy of dart throwing of novice in low and high task load. In a semi-experimental design with repeated measurements, participant performed dart throwing under three attentional condition (internal, external and control) in two different task load (low and high). Result showed the external focus in high load task improved accuracy of dart throwing than internal focus; in the event that, for low load task there was no significant difference between the attentional conditions. Also, for QE none of attention, load task and their interaction effects was not significant. Results of research for performance supported the constrained action hypothesis; and in contrast to the conscious processing hypothesis. Also the result of gaze behavior suggests several interesting areas for future research. 1. Ayoub Asadi, (Ph. D) University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125465502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Focus of attention instruction has a great influence on performance and learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the predicted constrained action hypothesis in badminton backhand serv. 30 women student participants from physical education classes of University of Kharazmi are selected as sample. Participants are tested in probe task at different stage of serve after identifying base of reaction time, and level of attention demanding of different parts was measured. Then participants divided into two groups (internal and external focus of attention) and they are tested with their specific instruction again. The results revealed that first stage of serve has the most attention need (p<0/001), but there is not any difference between two groups and different serve stage in the effect of focus of attention type. Accordance with these results the constrained action hypothesis at discrete skills is not confirmed.
{"title":"Focus of Attention: a Challenge on Predicting Constrained Action Hypothesis","authors":"Rasoul Yaali, Sara Oftadeh, Asma Mahmoodi","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.124","url":null,"abstract":"Focus of attention instruction has a great influence on performance and learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the predicted constrained action hypothesis in badminton backhand serv. 30 women student participants from physical education classes of University of Kharazmi are selected as sample. Participants are tested in probe task at different stage of serve after identifying base of reaction time, and level of attention demanding of different parts was measured. Then participants divided into two groups (internal and external focus of attention) and they are tested with their specific instruction again. The results revealed that first stage of serve has the most attention need (p<0/001), but there is not any difference between two groups and different serve stage in the effect of focus of attention type. Accordance with these results the constrained action hypothesis at discrete skills is not confirmed.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128041077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehr Ali Baran Cheshmeh, A. Safania, M. Farahabadi, Salahdin Naqshbandi
CITE: Baran Cheshmeh, Safania, Bagherian Farahabadi, Naqshbandi, Compilation Framework of Sport Diplomacy Development in Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 174-202 ABSTRACT Nowadays, sport provides an opportunity for friendly cooperation among different countries which is based on contribution of all nations and individuals in the natural form of sport. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compile a framework of sport diplomacy in Islamic Republic of Iran armed forces. The methodology of present study is Grounded Theory (GT) having qualitative approach which is applied in terms of purpose using semistructured interviews for data collection. Participants in this study included officials of Ministry of Sport and Youth, the National Olympic and Paralympic Committee, sport federations, sport science professors, foreign ministry experts and great managers of armed forces who aware of sport and public diplomacy which 21 of whom were selected through purposeful sampling. The tool of this research was semi-structured interviews that continued until theoretical saturation stage. The reliability and validity of findings were determined by dependability, reliability and generalizability. Grounded theory qualitative approach was used to analyze the data for open, axial and selective coding. Based on the results, 128 initial conceptual propositions with 31 main categories in six dimensions of paradigm model were identified including causal conditions (5 main concepts), contextual factors (6 main concepts), confounding factors (6 main concepts), strategies (7 main concepts) and the consequences (7 main concepts). The proposed theory was also defined as "Increase the importance of development of military sports diplomacy as a tool for strengthening military diplomacy in other areas of the armed forces' mission and, consequently, the development of public diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran". Finally, it is suggested that the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces pay special attention to sports diplomacy in order to strengthen their mission areas. 1. Mehr Ali Baran Cheshmeh, (Ph. D Student) Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
引用:Baran Cheshmeh, Safania, Bagherian Farahabadi, Naqshbandi，伊朗伊斯兰共和国武装部队体育外交发展汇编框架，体育管理与运动行为研究，2020:10(20):174-202摘要:如今，体育为不同国家之间的友好合作提供了一个机会，这种合作基于所有国家和个人在体育自然形式中的贡献。因此，本研究的目的是编制伊朗伊斯兰共和国武装部队体育外交框架。本研究的方法论是扎根理论(GT)，采用定性方法，采用半结构化访谈进行数据收集。本研究的参与者包括体育和青年部官员，国家奥林匹克和残奥会委员会，体育联合会，体育科学教授，外交部专家和武装部队的伟大管理者，他们知道体育和公共外交，其中21人是通过有目的的抽样选择的。本研究的工具是半结构化访谈，一直持续到理论饱和阶段。研究结果的信度和效度由信度、信度和普遍性决定。采用扎根理论定性方法对开放编码、轴向编码和选择性编码数据进行分析。在范式模型的6个维度上，共识别出128个初始概念命题，共31个主要类别，包括因果条件(5个主要概念)、情境因素(6个主要概念)、混杂因素(6个主要概念)、策略(7个主要概念)和后果(7个主要概念)。拟议的理论还被定义为“增加发展军事体育外交的重要性，作为在武装部队任务的其他领域加强军事外交的工具，从而发展伊朗伊斯兰共和国的公共外交”。最后，建议伊朗伊斯兰共和国武装部队特别注意体育外交，以加强其任务地区。1. Mehr Ali Baran Cheshmeh，(博士生)科学与研究分部，伊朗德黑兰伊斯兰阿扎德大学
{"title":"Compilation Framework of Sport Diplomacy Development in Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces","authors":"Mehr Ali Baran Cheshmeh, A. Safania, M. Farahabadi, Salahdin Naqshbandi","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.174","url":null,"abstract":"CITE: Baran Cheshmeh, Safania, Bagherian Farahabadi, Naqshbandi, Compilation Framework of Sport Diplomacy Development in Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 174-202 ABSTRACT Nowadays, sport provides an opportunity for friendly cooperation among different countries which is based on contribution of all nations and individuals in the natural form of sport. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compile a framework of sport diplomacy in Islamic Republic of Iran armed forces. The methodology of present study is Grounded Theory (GT) having qualitative approach which is applied in terms of purpose using semistructured interviews for data collection. Participants in this study included officials of Ministry of Sport and Youth, the National Olympic and Paralympic Committee, sport federations, sport science professors, foreign ministry experts and great managers of armed forces who aware of sport and public diplomacy which 21 of whom were selected through purposeful sampling. The tool of this research was semi-structured interviews that continued until theoretical saturation stage. The reliability and validity of findings were determined by dependability, reliability and generalizability. Grounded theory qualitative approach was used to analyze the data for open, axial and selective coding. Based on the results, 128 initial conceptual propositions with 31 main categories in six dimensions of paradigm model were identified including causal conditions (5 main concepts), contextual factors (6 main concepts), confounding factors (6 main concepts), strategies (7 main concepts) and the consequences (7 main concepts). The proposed theory was also defined as \"Increase the importance of development of military sports diplomacy as a tool for strengthening military diplomacy in other areas of the armed forces' mission and, consequently, the development of public diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran\". Finally, it is suggested that the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces pay special attention to sports diplomacy in order to strengthen their mission areas. 1. Mehr Ali Baran Cheshmeh, (Ph. D Student) Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127878980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between movement motivation and motor development in infants with and without the experience of kindergarten. The population of this study included all parents with infant's boys with 10 to 11 month in Tehran. Among them, 150 infants with and 150 infants without the experience of kindergarten using the multi-stage random sampling the method was selected as the sample groups. Data collection tools included an infant movement motivation questionnaire and Peabody Developmental Motor Scale–Second Edition (PDMS-2), the data analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, linear regression, and t-test in a significance level of p≤0.05. The results showed that there was a significant relationship (P=0/000), between movement motivation and motor development in infants with and without the experience of kindergarten. In the same context, a significant difference (P=0/000), was obtained in movement motivation and motor development between of infants with and without kindergarten experience and infants without the kindergarten experience, movement motivation, and motor development was higher. These results indicate that care of infants in kindergarten Centers may be due to the weakness of the programs and facilities have negative effects on of them movement motivation and motor development.
{"title":"The Relationship between Movement Motivation and Motor Development in Infants with and without Experience of Kindergarten","authors":"S. Nazarpouri, A. Bahram","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.31","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between movement motivation and motor development in infants with and without the experience of kindergarten. The population of this study included all parents with infant's boys with 10 to 11 month in Tehran. Among them, 150 infants with and 150 infants without the experience of kindergarten using the multi-stage random sampling the method was selected as the sample groups. Data collection tools included an infant movement motivation questionnaire and Peabody Developmental Motor Scale–Second Edition (PDMS-2), the data analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, linear regression, and t-test in a significance level of p≤0.05. The results showed that there was a significant relationship (P=0/000), between movement motivation and motor development in infants with and without the experience of kindergarten. In the same context, a significant difference (P=0/000), was obtained in movement motivation and motor development between of infants with and without kindergarten experience and infants without the kindergarten experience, movement motivation, and motor development was higher. These results indicate that care of infants in kindergarten Centers may be due to the weakness of the programs and facilities have negative effects on of them movement motivation and motor development.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122017752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Halajian, Mina Mostahfizian, Hamidreza Mirsafian, Hamideh Zahedi
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the performance of Isfahan Municipality Cultural and Social Sports Organization based on the CIpp model with the approach of citizenship sports.The research method was descriptive in nature and applied in terms of purpose. In the qualitative stage of the research, first the preliminary questions of the interview were created by studying the sources related to the research, collecting information and reviewing the research.The interviewees at this stage were experts in the field of civic sports who were purposefully selected.Then, Delphi method was used in four stages to correct and improve the interview questions. In the quantitative stage of the research, the questions of the questionnaire were extracted after evaluating the themes, in the form of 94 questions, and were implemented among 113 citizen sports experts. The results showed that all four dimensions of context, input, output and process in the evaluation of the performance of this organization are higher than the average level, but need to be improved and increased. Also, evaluation and feedback on the developed programs is necessary both during and after the implementation of the program, because performance evaluation was relatively effective in achieving the goals of this program.
{"title":"Evaluation of Performance of Isfahan Municipality Cultural and Social Sports Organization Based on CIPP Model with Citizenship Sports Approach","authors":"A. Halajian, Mina Mostahfizian, Hamidreza Mirsafian, Hamideh Zahedi","doi":"10.29252/jrsm.10.20.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/jrsm.10.20.203","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the performance of Isfahan Municipality Cultural and Social Sports Organization based on the CIpp model with the approach of citizenship sports.The research method was descriptive in nature and applied in terms of purpose. In the qualitative stage of the research, first the preliminary questions of the interview were created by studying the sources related to the research, collecting information and reviewing the research.The interviewees at this stage were experts in the field of civic sports who were purposefully selected.Then, Delphi method was used in four stages to correct and improve the interview questions. In the quantitative stage of the research, the questions of the questionnaire were extracted after evaluating the themes, in the form of 94 questions, and were implemented among 113 citizen sports experts. The results showed that all four dimensions of context, input, output and process in the evaluation of the performance of this organization are higher than the average level, but need to be improved and increased. Also, evaluation and feedback on the developed programs is necessary both during and after the implementation of the program, because performance evaluation was relatively effective in achieving the goals of this program.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128198518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Zareian, M. Afroozeh, Mohammad Hoseen Ghorbani, Mahmud Fazel Bakhsheshi, Baluchestan
CITE: Zareian, Afroozeh, Ghorbani, Fazel Bakhsheshi, Designing a Model of Developing Sportsmanship in Iran Sports, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 80-106 ABSTRACT The journey from championship to Sportsmanship status is a very difficult but possible way, so purpose of the research was to design a model for developing sportsmanship champion in the sport's Iranian. The present study was Exploratory qualitative research approach of grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin (1998) performed. The statistical population was including experts and elites who were selected by theoretical and non-random, Purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews and field notes. The researcher reached theoretical saturation after performing 19 interviews and data from the interviews were analyzed through the coding method in three stages: open, axial, and selective. The findings were based on context include 10 components (corrupt contexts, ethics, economics, forgetfulness, ineptitude, bias, defective structure, official conflict, interaction, and indifference), Intervention-centered coding results consisted of 8 components (communication, aristocracy, religiosity, antiquity, culture, structure, politics, and society), strategy coding results including 8 components (deviation monitoring, culture building, structuring, reverberation, self-education, and training). It seems that three elements of community, sport and individual are effective in the development of athlete's athletic development and the suggested strategies of this research can help to achieve this. 1. Hossein Zareian, (Ph. D) Sport Science Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
{"title":"Designing a Model of Developing Sportsmanship in Iran Sports","authors":"H. Zareian, M. Afroozeh, Mohammad Hoseen Ghorbani, Mahmud Fazel Bakhsheshi, Baluchestan","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.80","url":null,"abstract":"CITE: Zareian, Afroozeh, Ghorbani, Fazel Bakhsheshi, Designing a Model of Developing Sportsmanship in Iran Sports, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 80-106 ABSTRACT The journey from championship to Sportsmanship status is a very difficult but possible way, so purpose of the research was to design a model for developing sportsmanship champion in the sport's Iranian. The present study was Exploratory qualitative research approach of grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin (1998) performed. The statistical population was including experts and elites who were selected by theoretical and non-random, Purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews and field notes. The researcher reached theoretical saturation after performing 19 interviews and data from the interviews were analyzed through the coding method in three stages: open, axial, and selective. The findings were based on context include 10 components (corrupt contexts, ethics, economics, forgetfulness, ineptitude, bias, defective structure, official conflict, interaction, and indifference), Intervention-centered coding results consisted of 8 components (communication, aristocracy, religiosity, antiquity, culture, structure, politics, and society), strategy coding results including 8 components (deviation monitoring, culture building, structuring, reverberation, self-education, and training). It seems that three elements of community, sport and individual are effective in the development of athlete's athletic development and the suggested strategies of this research can help to achieve this. 1. Hossein Zareian, (Ph. D) Sport Science Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"65 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130337914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CITE: Babaei-Zarch G, Salehi H. Examining the Motivational Barriers to Youth Sport: A Qualitative Study, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 63-79 ABSTRACT Identifying motivational barriers to sport participation in children and adolescents is important for engaging them in sport activities. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore perceptions of children and adolescents, parents, and sport coaches about barriers of youth sport participation. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 children and adolescents, 8 parents, and 5 coaches. Content analysis was employed to analysis the transcripts. The results of the data analysis yielded some themes as the motivational barriers to participation in sport by children and adolescents that were grouped into two domains: the personal and the environment barriers. Constituent themes in the personal barrier’s domain included: the lack of having sport talent and lack of progression in sport, not pleasuring from participation in sport, and sport related injuries. Constituent themes related to the environmental barrier’s domain included: lake of sports culture, lake of facilities, economic problems, not being supported, and not having future. This qualitative study provided a deeper understanding about motivational barriers for habituation to sport in children and adolescents. The themes would lead youth sports organizers, parents, and coaches to motivate youth to participate and endure in sport activities by changing the personal and environmental factors. 1. Ghasem Babaei Zarch, (MA) University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
{"title":"Examining the Motivational Barriers to Youth Sport: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Ghasem Babaei Zarch, H. Salehi","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.63","url":null,"abstract":"CITE: Babaei-Zarch G, Salehi H. Examining the Motivational Barriers to Youth Sport: A Qualitative Study, Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior, 2020: 10(20): 63-79 ABSTRACT Identifying motivational barriers to sport participation in children and adolescents is important for engaging them in sport activities. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore perceptions of children and adolescents, parents, and sport coaches about barriers of youth sport participation. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 children and adolescents, 8 parents, and 5 coaches. Content analysis was employed to analysis the transcripts. The results of the data analysis yielded some themes as the motivational barriers to participation in sport by children and adolescents that were grouped into two domains: the personal and the environment barriers. Constituent themes in the personal barrier’s domain included: the lack of having sport talent and lack of progression in sport, not pleasuring from participation in sport, and sport related injuries. Constituent themes related to the environmental barrier’s domain included: lake of sports culture, lake of facilities, economic problems, not being supported, and not having future. This qualitative study provided a deeper understanding about motivational barriers for habituation to sport in children and adolescents. The themes would lead youth sports organizers, parents, and coaches to motivate youth to participate and endure in sport activities by changing the personal and environmental factors. 1. Ghasem Babaei Zarch, (MA) University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123752784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In football industry, the sports managers should include meeting of demands and needs of spectators on their agenda. However, this study aimed to determine the needs of spectators in Iranian Football Premier League. For this purpose, Kansei engineering method, Kano model, and Taguchi method were used to collect data. First, the emotional needs (41 needs) of spectators were identified. Using Kano model, then, these emotional needs were included in a four-level questionnaire which was designed for spectators of Iranian Football Premier League; it was distributed among 400 individuals. In order to achieve optimal situation, 7 basic needs were considered in designing the experiments. These 7 needs were analyzed in a three-tier spectrum. The findings showed that Iran's sports authorities, especially the Football Federation, may improve the satisfaction and attendance of spectators in stadiums if they improve the physical and security conditions of football stadiums and remove the existing obstacles including presence of women and presence with family in stadiums. The football clubs may also help achieve this goal by employing qualified and popular players and coaches.
{"title":"Using Mixed Technique of Kansei Engineering, Kano Model, and Taguchi-based Experiment Design to Improve Satisfaction and Participation of Football Spectators at Stadiums","authors":"Abdolreza Oboudi, Hossein Akbari Yazdi, solieman abdolahi","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.107","url":null,"abstract":"In football industry, the sports managers should include meeting of demands and needs of spectators on their agenda. However, this study aimed to determine the needs of spectators in Iranian Football Premier League. For this purpose, Kansei engineering method, Kano model, and Taguchi method were used to collect data. First, the emotional needs (41 needs) of spectators were identified. Using Kano model, then, these emotional needs were included in a four-level questionnaire which was designed for spectators of Iranian Football Premier League; it was distributed among 400 individuals. In order to achieve optimal situation, 7 basic needs were considered in designing the experiments. These 7 needs were analyzed in a three-tier spectrum. The findings showed that Iran's sports authorities, especially the Football Federation, may improve the satisfaction and attendance of spectators in stadiums if they improve the physical and security conditions of football stadiums and remove the existing obstacles including presence of women and presence with family in stadiums. The football clubs may also help achieve this goal by employing qualified and popular players and coaches.","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134067476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amin Amini, S. T. Boroujeni, E. Arabameri, H. Ashayeri
The ability to direct the gaze to optimal areas in the environmental context, at the appropriate time, is central to success in all sports. The aim of this study was to changes determine the elements of QE, during the run a reactivity launcher targeting skill, under different environmental demands. That was done to identify perceptual - cognitive effects performance-based infrastructure processes. Thus, 8 Athletes (22-28 Years old) with at least 5 years’ experience in dart throwing, in a counterbalanced manner performed under four target conditions of constraints environmental. Regulatory conditions (stationary/in motion) and inter-trial variability (present/absent) created four target conditions for reaction. During the run a launcher targeting skill and was continuously recorded characteristics related to gaze behavior in each scenario. In each condition, 10 trails 20 seconds conducted. Gaze behavior using an eye-tracking device Dikablis Professional Wireless model recorded and analyzed using DLab software information processing system and variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. Results showed that there was significant between averages QE in four different environmental contexts (P≤0.001). The fastest QE onset was observed stationary – no inter-trial variability and QE offset and QE period belonged
在环境背景下，在适当的时间将注意力引导到最佳区域的能力，是所有运动成功的关键。本研究的目的是在不同的环境要求下，改变确定QE的要素，在运行过程中反应发射装置的瞄准技能。这样做是为了确定基于性能的基础设施过程的感知-认知效应。因此，8名运动员(22-28岁)至少有5年的投掷飞镖经验，以平衡的方式在四种约束环境的目标条件下进行。调节条件(静止/运动)和试验间可变性(存在/不存在)为反应创造了四个目标条件。在运行过程中，发射器的瞄准技能和连续记录在每个场景中与凝视行为相关的特征。在每种情况下，进行10次20秒的跟踪。注视行为采用眼动仪Dikablis Professional Wireless模型进行记录和分析，采用DLab软件信息处理系统和方差(ANOVA)进行重复测量。结果显示，在四种不同的环境背景下，平均QE之间存在显著差异(P≤0.001)。最快的QE开始是平稳的-没有试验间的可变性，QE抵消和QE周期属于
{"title":"Quiet Eye Changes under Environmental Constraints During Performance Target Launcher Skills","authors":"Amin Amini, S. T. Boroujeni, E. Arabameri, H. Ashayeri","doi":"10.29252/JRSM.10.20.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.20.45","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to direct the gaze to optimal areas in the environmental context, at the appropriate time, is central to success in all sports. The aim of this study was to changes determine the elements of QE, during the run a reactivity launcher targeting skill, under different environmental demands. That was done to identify perceptual - cognitive effects performance-based infrastructure processes. Thus, 8 Athletes (22-28 Years old) with at least 5 years’ experience in dart throwing, in a counterbalanced manner performed under four target conditions of constraints environmental. Regulatory conditions (stationary/in motion) and inter-trial variability (present/absent) created four target conditions for reaction. During the run a launcher targeting skill and was continuously recorded characteristics related to gaze behavior in each scenario. In each condition, 10 trails 20 seconds conducted. Gaze behavior using an eye-tracking device Dikablis Professional Wireless model recorded and analyzed using DLab software information processing system and variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. Results showed that there was significant between averages QE in four different environmental contexts (P≤0.001). The fastest QE onset was observed stationary – no inter-trial variability and QE offset and QE period belonged","PeriodicalId":228665,"journal":{"name":"Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116044692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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