Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.84.1008
О.H. Levytska, Т.I. Rusakova
Assessment of the level of air pollution in the residential areas of an urbanized city allows to determine the main pollutants contained in the air and allows to adjust or improve the cleaning equipment of emission sources. The purpose of the work: research of the general level of air pollution in the zone of influence of the central road with heavy traffic and an industrial facility on the air quality of residential areas of the city of Kamianske. Methodology. The work used air quality analyzers Benetech GM 8804, Wintact wt 8811, Benetech GM 8806 to determine the presence (concentration) of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, formaldehyde, dust (PM 2.5), combustible gases (LEL). Sampling points were chosen in residential areas: indoors, on the adjacent territory and near the road. Scientific novelty. In the course of research, it was found that the residential area, which is located closer to the industrial facility and to the central part of the city with shopping centers, has relatively higher LEL indicators and lower indicators of oxygen content in the air. The dynamics of changes in air pollution over time are not high. Practical value. Monitoring and analysis of the level of air pollution contributes to the detection of dangerous chemicals in the air of a residential area, the patterns of decreasing oxygen content and the dynamics of changes in the content of combustible gases in the air over time and with a change in the distance to the source of pollution. Results. It was found that the air of residential areas does not contain compounds of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, and formaldehyde sufficient for the measurement range of analytical devices. Traces of dust were detected. Recorded decrease in oxygen content indoors and in atmospheric air near roads. The content of combustible gases (LEL) in the studied premises in most samples is higher than outside.
{"title":"MONITORING AND ANALYSING AIR POLLUTION IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF VEHICLE AND METALLURGICAL PLANT EMISSIONS","authors":"О.H. Levytska, Т.I. Rusakova","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.84.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.84.1008","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of the level of air pollution in the residential areas of an urbanized city allows to determine the main pollutants contained in the air and allows to adjust or improve the cleaning equipment of emission sources. The purpose of the work: research of the general level of air pollution in the zone of influence of the central road with heavy traffic and an industrial facility on the air quality of residential areas of the city of Kamianske. Methodology. The work used air quality analyzers Benetech GM 8804, Wintact wt 8811, Benetech GM 8806 to determine the presence (concentration) of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, formaldehyde, dust (PM 2.5), combustible gases (LEL). Sampling points were chosen in residential areas: indoors, on the adjacent territory and near the road. Scientific novelty. In the course of research, it was found that the residential area, which is located closer to the industrial facility and to the central part of the city with shopping centers, has relatively higher LEL indicators and lower indicators of oxygen content in the air. The dynamics of changes in air pollution over time are not high. Practical value. Monitoring and analysis of the level of air pollution contributes to the detection of dangerous chemicals in the air of a residential area, the patterns of decreasing oxygen content and the dynamics of changes in the content of combustible gases in the air over time and with a change in the distance to the source of pollution. Results. It was found that the air of residential areas does not contain compounds of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, and formaldehyde sufficient for the measurement range of analytical devices. Traces of dust were detected. Recorded decrease in oxygen content indoors and in atmospheric air near roads. The content of combustible gases (LEL) in the studied premises in most samples is higher than outside.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"160 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.111.1013
M.V. Savytskyi, A. S. Smyrnov
Problem statement. According to the results of a study by the Kyiv School of Economics as of June 2023 the total amount of direct documented damage to residential and non-residential infrastructure due to destruction and damage as a result of military actions exceeded $150.5 billion. During the post-war reconstruction Ukraine will face the problem of a large number of buildings and structures that will be subject to partial dismantling and demolition. This process will be accompanied by the generation of a significant amount of construction waste, which traditionally in Ukraine is taken to landfills without recycling. On the other hand, there will be a need for a large quantity of construction materials, the share of which in the construction cost may reach 50 %. To reduce the cost of objects, it is advisable to reuse materials from waste generated after dismantling. Such materials are called recycling. The most obvious option is the use of crushed concrete waste as a coarse aggregate for the production of new concrete. The purpose of the article. Identification of the features of recycled coarse aggregates from concrete waste and concrete with their use, determination of the influence of source concrete on the properties of recycled aggregates. Conclusions. The mesoscopic model of concrete with recycled coarse aggregate has been examined. The analysis of the current research results on both recycled concrete aggregates and concrete with their use showed that, in general, with correct calculations of concrete mix compositions that consider the actual physical and mechanical properties of recycled aggregates, the production of structural concrete is possible. At the same time, crushing methods and the grain composition of such aggregates have a significant influence. In order to standardize the approaches to the research of recycled aggregates, it is necessary to create an appropriate methodology or regulatory framework.
{"title":"FEATURES OF USING CRUSHED CONCRETE AS A COARSE AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE","authors":"M.V. Savytskyi, A. S. Smyrnov","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.111.1013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.111.1013","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. According to the results of a study by the Kyiv School of Economics as of June 2023 the total amount of direct documented damage to residential and non-residential infrastructure due to destruction and damage as a result of military actions exceeded $150.5 billion. During the post-war reconstruction Ukraine will face the problem of a large number of buildings and structures that will be subject to partial dismantling and demolition. This process will be accompanied by the generation of a significant amount of construction waste, which traditionally in Ukraine is taken to landfills without recycling. On the other hand, there will be a need for a large quantity of construction materials, the share of which in the construction cost may reach 50 %. To reduce the cost of objects, it is advisable to reuse materials from waste generated after dismantling. Such materials are called recycling. The most obvious option is the use of crushed concrete waste as a coarse aggregate for the production of new concrete. The purpose of the article. Identification of the features of recycled coarse aggregates from concrete waste and concrete with their use, determination of the influence of source concrete on the properties of recycled aggregates. Conclusions. The mesoscopic model of concrete with recycled coarse aggregate has been examined. The analysis of the current research results on both recycled concrete aggregates and concrete with their use showed that, in general, with correct calculations of concrete mix compositions that consider the actual physical and mechanical properties of recycled aggregates, the production of structural concrete is possible. At the same time, crushing methods and the grain composition of such aggregates have a significant influence. In order to standardize the approaches to the research of recycled aggregates, it is necessary to create an appropriate methodology or regulatory framework.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.78.1008
D. G. Korolyanchuk, V.I. Ovcharenko
Purpose of research. Powder of silver is one of the most widely used materials in industry. In the free or sintered (compressed) state, it is widely used in medicine as an element of antiseptics, in electronics as the basis of conductive pastes, conductive adhesives and contacts intended for closing and opening electrical circuits, in the production of multilayer ceramic capacitors, etc. Due to its high electrical conductivity, powder of silver is also used as a cathode material in solar cells. In today's conditions, the development of materials for alternative energy sources is quite relevant. Powder of silver can be used as a component of the active mass in chemical current sources. It is known that the characteristics of the active mass are influenced by the properties of the powder, namely, the size and shape of the particles. Materials and methodology. In this work, it was proposed to use boards of radio-electronic equipment as raw materials for the production of powders of silver. The reductant, recovery rate and modes of obtaining finely dispersed powders of silver after processing of secondary raw materials were identified. Results. The influence of the parameters of the reduction of powders of silver, namely, the type of reducing agent and the rate of reduction, was studied. It was established that in the process of forming powders of silver, a developed morphology and space between particles are formed, which increases the surface area, due to which the performance characteristics of various devices, in which powder of silver can be used as a component, will improve. Scientific novelty. Factors that affect the size and shape of powder of silver particles, namely, the type of reducing agent and the rate of reduction, have been established. Conclusions. It was established that the size of particles of silver depends on the speed of recovery. The stronger the reducing agent, the higher the rate of metal reduction, and the larger the particle size. Changing the speed of recovery (slowing down or speeding up) allows you to get particles of silver with the desired size. The indisputable advantage of the method of obtaining powder of silver by reduction is the formation of high-purity metal, which positively affects the properties.
{"title":"RECEIVING METALS FROM SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS. POWDER OF SILVER","authors":"D. G. Korolyanchuk, V.I. Ovcharenko","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.78.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.78.1008","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of research. Powder of silver is one of the most widely used materials in industry. In the free or sintered (compressed) state, it is widely used in medicine as an element of antiseptics, in electronics as the basis of conductive pastes, conductive adhesives and contacts intended for closing and opening electrical circuits, in the production of multilayer ceramic capacitors, etc. Due to its high electrical conductivity, powder of silver is also used as a cathode material in solar cells. In today's conditions, the development of materials for alternative energy sources is quite relevant. Powder of silver can be used as a component of the active mass in chemical current sources. It is known that the characteristics of the active mass are influenced by the properties of the powder, namely, the size and shape of the particles. Materials and methodology. In this work, it was proposed to use boards of radio-electronic equipment as raw materials for the production of powders of silver. The reductant, recovery rate and modes of obtaining finely dispersed powders of silver after processing of secondary raw materials were identified. Results. The influence of the parameters of the reduction of powders of silver, namely, the type of reducing agent and the rate of reduction, was studied. It was established that in the process of forming powders of silver, a developed morphology and space between particles are formed, which increases the surface area, due to which the performance characteristics of various devices, in which powder of silver can be used as a component, will improve. Scientific novelty. Factors that affect the size and shape of powder of silver particles, namely, the type of reducing agent and the rate of reduction, have been established. Conclusions. It was established that the size of particles of silver depends on the speed of recovery. The stronger the reducing agent, the higher the rate of metal reduction, and the larger the particle size. Changing the speed of recovery (slowing down or speeding up) allows you to get particles of silver with the desired size. The indisputable advantage of the method of obtaining powder of silver by reduction is the formation of high-purity metal, which positively affects the properties.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"51 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.143.1017
M.M. Biliaiev, O. Berlov, Yu.V. Brazaluk, V. Kozachyna, M. O. Oladipo
Problem statement. Industrial sites where coal storages are located are intensive sources of dust pollution of the environment. There is an important problem of assessing the intensity of dust removal into the atmospheric air from polluted areas. Knowledge of the intensity of dust removal into the atmospheric air makes it possible to scientifically assess the impact of contaminated sites on the pollution of the environment and work zones at industrial sites. The solution to this problem can be obtained experimentally. The purpose of the article. An experimental study of the value of the air flow velocity at which the detachment of dust particles from the surface with coal begins and their removal into the air and the determination of the intensity of the emission of coal dust from the contaminated surface. Methodology. The intensity of removal of coal dust from the contaminated area was studied experimentally in laboratory conditions. The research was conducted on coal samples from DTEK “Pavlohradvuhillya”, grade “ДГ. During the research, the velocity of the air flow at which the process of movement of dust particles along the emission source began and the velocity of “detachment” of dust particles and their removal from the emission source were determined. At the second stage of experimental research, the intensity of removal of coal dust from the polluted area was determined. Scientific novelty. The values of the air velocity at which the removal of coal dust particles from the contaminated area begins were determined experimentally. The regularity of the intensity of the removal of coal dust depending on the velocity of the air flow over the contaminated area was obtained. Practical significance. The obtained experimental data make it possible to determine under which weather conditions there is a risk of dust formation and the removal of dust into the atmosphere. The empirical dependence obtained by processing experimental data can be used for a scientifically based assessment of the level of pollution of working areas at industrial sites where there are coal storage facilities. Conclusions. The value of the velocity of the air flow at which the movement of dust particles on the contaminated surface begins, as well as the value of the velocity of the air flow at which the removal of dust particles into the air begins, was determined experimentally. The resulting empirical model can be used to estimate environmental damage due to dust pollution of atmospheric air.
{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INTENSITY OF COAL DUST REMOVAL","authors":"M.M. Biliaiev, O. Berlov, Yu.V. Brazaluk, V. Kozachyna, M. O. Oladipo","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.143.1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.143.1017","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. Industrial sites where coal storages are located are intensive sources of dust pollution of the environment. There is an important problem of assessing the intensity of dust removal into the atmospheric air from polluted areas. Knowledge of the intensity of dust removal into the atmospheric air makes it possible to scientifically assess the impact of contaminated sites on the pollution of the environment and work zones at industrial sites. The solution to this problem can be obtained experimentally. The purpose of the article. An experimental study of the value of the air flow velocity at which the detachment of dust particles from the surface with coal begins and their removal into the air and the determination of the intensity of the emission of coal dust from the contaminated surface. Methodology. The intensity of removal of coal dust from the contaminated area was studied experimentally in laboratory conditions. The research was conducted on coal samples from DTEK “Pavlohradvuhillya”, grade “ДГ. During the research, the velocity of the air flow at which the process of movement of dust particles along the emission source began and the velocity of “detachment” of dust particles and their removal from the emission source were determined. At the second stage of experimental research, the intensity of removal of coal dust from the polluted area was determined. Scientific novelty. The values of the air velocity at which the removal of coal dust particles from the contaminated area begins were determined experimentally. The regularity of the intensity of the removal of coal dust depending on the velocity of the air flow over the contaminated area was obtained. Practical significance. The obtained experimental data make it possible to determine under which weather conditions there is a risk of dust formation and the removal of dust into the atmosphere. The empirical dependence obtained by processing experimental data can be used for a scientifically based assessment of the level of pollution of working areas at industrial sites where there are coal storage facilities. Conclusions. The value of the velocity of the air flow at which the movement of dust particles on the contaminated surface begins, as well as the value of the velocity of the air flow at which the removal of dust particles into the air begins, was determined experimentally. The resulting empirical model can be used to estimate environmental damage due to dust pollution of atmospheric air.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.125.1015
O.O. Fomenko, S.M. Danilov, S.G. Chechelnitsky
The article describes the principles of forming information packages of the “Information-cumulative matrix of modeling the city as a dynamic system”, which is one of the software modules of the “Software complex of modeling the city as a dynamic system”. The working name of the information packages is “Dynamic BIM package”. The BIM package is the basis for the formation of a large data set of the Information and Accumulation Matrix. Each information package describes a separate object from the typological spectrum of architectural structures as an environment with which almost all processes of the city's functioning are connected. The choice of the name of the package is connected with a double approach to its formation: a combination of the description of the material component of the architectural object and the dynamics of its life cycle, as a set of life cycles of its constituent elements. The developed approach makes it possible to develop an innovative architectural and urban toolkit for analyzing the problems of the city as a dynamic system. When forming the principles of the functioning of the “Information-cumulative matrix of modeling the city as a dynamic system”, the dynamics of the functioning of the city is considered as a combination of the dynamics of the typological spectrum of architectural structures and the dynamics of phenomena that go beyond the boundaries of architecture (considered in other studies by the authors). The software complex has high potential as a tool for analyzing and forecasting the principles of the city's functioning and is focused on information services for strategic decision-making processes.
{"title":"PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF BIM INFORMATION PACKAGES IN THE “SOFTWARE COMPLEX FOR MODELING THE CITY AS A DYNAMIC SYSTEM”","authors":"O.O. Fomenko, S.M. Danilov, S.G. Chechelnitsky","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.125.1015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.125.1015","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the principles of forming information packages of the “Information-cumulative matrix of modeling the city as a dynamic system”, which is one of the software modules of the “Software complex of modeling the city as a dynamic system”. The working name of the information packages is “Dynamic BIM package”. The BIM package is the basis for the formation of a large data set of the Information and Accumulation Matrix. Each information package describes a separate object from the typological spectrum of architectural structures as an environment with which almost all processes of the city's functioning are connected. The choice of the name of the package is connected with a double approach to its formation: a combination of the description of the material component of the architectural object and the dynamics of its life cycle, as a set of life cycles of its constituent elements. The developed approach makes it possible to develop an innovative architectural and urban toolkit for analyzing the problems of the city as a dynamic system. When forming the principles of the functioning of the “Information-cumulative matrix of modeling the city as a dynamic system”, the dynamics of the functioning of the city is considered as a combination of the dynamics of the typological spectrum of architectural structures and the dynamics of phenomena that go beyond the boundaries of architecture (considered in other studies by the authors). The software complex has high potential as a tool for analyzing and forecasting the principles of the city's functioning and is focused on information services for strategic decision-making processes.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"87 S74","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.91.1011
A.L. Murakhtanova, Ye.O. Lando, O.Yа. Papin
The military aggression of the Russian Federation in Ukraine has resulted in a significant number of damaged and destroyed buildings and structures. The challenge of determining the extent of material losses and damage, within tight timelines and under the conditions of active combat in the country, becomes more pressing than ever. To restore normal life in areas that were under occupation or in conflict zones, a series of tasks must be undertaken, including the initial assessment of the extent of destruction, conducting surveys of damaged buildings, and subsequently determining the corresponding requirements for the restoration of real estate. The purpose of the work. To demonstrate the feasibility and appropriateness of applying the Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects to determine the reproduction cost (replacement) of objects, with the aim of assessing damages and determining the needs for the restoration of real estate. The Handbook System of cost indicators is developed based on actual cost indicators of analogous objects and consolidated cost estimates or consolidated indicators of construction costs (types of work, structural elements, etc.), adjusted to current price levels. This involves analyzing all possible sources containing accumulated cost information from project and estimate documentation, determining necessary corrective coefficients, and developing models to ascertain the cost of all types of real estate, including specialized properties. Methodology. The statistical analysis methodology was employed, specifically using the method of grouping and consolidating indicators to assess the costs of restoring residential real estate in one of the districts of Dnipro city. This involves the application of the developed Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects, determining the structure of the real estate object as a construction object in a two-dimensional system of physical/cost indicators. Scientific novelty. A model for determining restoration costs using the Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects has been developed and implemented in the Sobornyi district of Dnipro city. Practical significance. The determination of the structure of any real estate object in the system of physical/cost indicators, based on the results of using the Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects, addresses a range of crucial economic, managerial, and legal issues. Specifically, it opens the way for the application of rapid screening of investment projects, assessment of actual damages, standardized and analytical damage assessments. This contributes to making effective managerial decisions in the country's recovery process, ensuring the efficient use of resources in society, and can be applied for other purposes in case of open access to this information, following the experience of leading countries worldwide. Results. A Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects has been
{"title":"SYSTEM OF COST INDICATORS FOR ANALOGOUS OBJECTS","authors":"A.L. Murakhtanova, Ye.O. Lando, O.Yа. Papin","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.91.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.91.1011","url":null,"abstract":"The military aggression of the Russian Federation in Ukraine has resulted in a significant number of damaged and destroyed buildings and structures. The challenge of determining the extent of material losses and damage, within tight timelines and under the conditions of active combat in the country, becomes more pressing than ever. To restore normal life in areas that were under occupation or in conflict zones, a series of tasks must be undertaken, including the initial assessment of the extent of destruction, conducting surveys of damaged buildings, and subsequently determining the corresponding requirements for the restoration of real estate. The purpose of the work. To demonstrate the feasibility and appropriateness of applying the Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects to determine the reproduction cost (replacement) of objects, with the aim of assessing damages and determining the needs for the restoration of real estate. The Handbook System of cost indicators is developed based on actual cost indicators of analogous objects and consolidated cost estimates or consolidated indicators of construction costs (types of work, structural elements, etc.), adjusted to current price levels. This involves analyzing all possible sources containing accumulated cost information from project and estimate documentation, determining necessary corrective coefficients, and developing models to ascertain the cost of all types of real estate, including specialized properties. Methodology. The statistical analysis methodology was employed, specifically using the method of grouping and consolidating indicators to assess the costs of restoring residential real estate in one of the districts of Dnipro city. This involves the application of the developed Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects, determining the structure of the real estate object as a construction object in a two-dimensional system of physical/cost indicators. Scientific novelty. A model for determining restoration costs using the Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects has been developed and implemented in the Sobornyi district of Dnipro city. Practical significance. The determination of the structure of any real estate object in the system of physical/cost indicators, based on the results of using the Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects, addresses a range of crucial economic, managerial, and legal issues. Specifically, it opens the way for the application of rapid screening of investment projects, assessment of actual damages, standardized and analytical damage assessments. This contributes to making effective managerial decisions in the country's recovery process, ensuring the efficient use of resources in society, and can be applied for other purposes in case of open access to this information, following the experience of leading countries worldwide. Results. A Handbook System of cost indicators for analogous objects has been","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-25DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.35.1
Ye.Ye. Dubovsky, Ye.I. Zaiats
Formulation of the problem. Automation in construction shows the potential to improve productivity after years of technical development and experimentation in the field. However, current research does not provide a clear understanding of exactly how this happens, as well as what contradictions and problems accompany construction automation. At the moment, the practice of using construction robotic equipment is not widespread in Ukraine, mainly due to the high costs of equipment compared to the wages of workers. However, as evidenced by European and American experience, the introduction of modern automated technologies into the construction process leads to increased productivity, improved accuracy and quality of work, and increased safety in construction. Despite the high cost of equipment and additional costs for training specialists and service personnel, as well as the limitations of its application, the use of construction robotics can have positive results, such as accelerating the pace of work, which will lead to large-scale changes in organizational and technological solutions and organizational and technological design in general. The purpose of the article is to analyze the use of modern automated systems and identify technical innovations and their practical potential. Conclusions. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the full potential of construction automation to increase productivity and the associated possible consequences, an objective review of information on automated technologies in construction was conducted. This review was carried out using text analysis techniques in publicly available written documents covering a wide range of relevant information sources, including scientific publications and official databases of equipment suppliers. The main vectors of worldwide research and existing technologies tested in practice are defined. The purpose, objects, tasks and goals of future research are defined.
{"title":"ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL DESIGN OF AUTOMATION SYSTEMS","authors":"Ye.Ye. Dubovsky, Ye.I. Zaiats","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.35.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.35.1","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. Automation in construction shows the potential to improve productivity after years of technical development and experimentation in the field. However, current research does not provide a clear understanding of exactly how this happens, as well as what contradictions and problems accompany construction automation. At the moment, the practice of using construction robotic equipment is not widespread in Ukraine, mainly due to the high costs of equipment compared to the wages of workers. However, as evidenced by European and American experience, the introduction of modern automated technologies into the construction process leads to increased productivity, improved accuracy and quality of work, and increased safety in construction. Despite the high cost of equipment and additional costs for training specialists and service personnel, as well as the limitations of its application, the use of construction robotics can have positive results, such as accelerating the pace of work, which will lead to large-scale changes in organizational and technological solutions and organizational and technological design in general. The purpose of the article is to analyze the use of modern automated systems and identify technical innovations and their practical potential. Conclusions. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the full potential of construction automation to increase productivity and the associated possible consequences, an objective review of information on automated technologies in construction was conducted. This review was carried out using text analysis techniques in publicly available written documents covering a wide range of relevant information sources, including scientific publications and official databases of equipment suppliers. The main vectors of worldwide research and existing technologies tested in practice are defined. The purpose, objects, tasks and goals of future research are defined.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"39 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-25DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.45.1006
H. Yevsieieva, P.М. Nazha, B.D. Hvadzhaia
Problem statement. Carrying out its mission in the extremely difficult circumstances of the war, the Ukrainian pedagogical community remains at the forefront of the educational front. Taking on a new, higher level of responsibility, the scientific and pedagogical team of the Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (PSACEA) (Dnipro city) is among the ranks of educators. The full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine forced us to rethink the role of education and change our view of the educational environment of our institution of higher education. In the first place, next to the traditional requirements for the educational environment, came the requirement of safety, i.e. the need to create a safe educational environment. In the martial law conditions in Ukraine, a priority goal of the state is to preserve the life and health of its citizens, especially young people, by ensuring their access to education. Access to education in war-time is the organisation of a safe educational environment. A safe educational environment is the surrounding space of an educational institution created in accordance with the institution educational goals, in which the educational process is carried out and the necessary and sufficient conditions for its participants to effectively and safely achieve the goals of education and upbringing are created. This is confirmed in the regulatory document “Concept of Educational Institutions Safety”, which aims to create equal, appropriate and safe conditions for education, to organise a safe educational environment, in particular in the of the russian federation military aggression context against Ukraine. The implementation period of this Concept is 2023−2025. The methodological framework for ensuring a safe educational environment is set out in the letter of the State Emergency Situations Service of Ukraine No. 03-1870/162-2 dated 14.06.2022. This methodological framework provides for a wide range of components for the preservation and provision of a set of objects and their attitudes to the realisation of educational goals.
{"title":"SAFE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT: NEW CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS AT THE PRYDNIPROVSKA STATE ACADEMY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE","authors":"H. Yevsieieva, P.М. Nazha, B.D. Hvadzhaia","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.45.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.45.1006","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. Carrying out its mission in the extremely difficult circumstances of the war, the Ukrainian pedagogical community remains at the forefront of the educational front. Taking on a new, higher level of responsibility, the scientific and pedagogical team of the Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture (PSACEA) (Dnipro city) is among the ranks of educators. The full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine forced us to rethink the role of education and change our view of the educational environment of our institution of higher education. In the first place, next to the traditional requirements for the educational environment, came the requirement of safety, i.e. the need to create a safe educational environment. In the martial law conditions in Ukraine, a priority goal of the state is to preserve the life and health of its citizens, especially young people, by ensuring their access to education. Access to education in war-time is the organisation of a safe educational environment. A safe educational environment is the surrounding space of an educational institution created in accordance with the institution educational goals, in which the educational process is carried out and the necessary and sufficient conditions for its participants to effectively and safely achieve the goals of education and upbringing are created. This is confirmed in the regulatory document “Concept of Educational Institutions Safety”, which aims to create equal, appropriate and safe conditions for education, to organise a safe educational environment, in particular in the of the russian federation military aggression context against Ukraine. The implementation period of this Concept is 2023−2025. The methodological framework for ensuring a safe educational environment is set out in the letter of the State Emergency Situations Service of Ukraine No. 03-1870/162-2 dated 14.06.2022. This methodological framework provides for a wide range of components for the preservation and provision of a set of objects and their attitudes to the realisation of educational goals.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.29.1004
M.M. Biliaiev, P. Mashykhina, L.H. Tatarko, A.O. Chirkov, M.V. Chyrva
Problem statement. The efficiency of biological water purification depends significantly on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the volume of the bioreactor. But during the operation of bioreactors, the oxygen regime changes, so it is important to predict the oxygen concentration for different modes of operation of treatment plants. Simplified mathematical models are used to calculate the oxygen regime, but these models are designed for typical bioreactors. An important task is the development of effective multivariate numerical models for evaluating the oxygen regime in reactors of different geometric shapes, which differ from “classical” reactors. The purpose of the article. Development of a CFD model for operational evaluation of the oxygen regime in bioreactors. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the oxygen regime in the bioreactor, a two-dimensional mass transfer equation is used, which takes into account the place of oxygen supply from the aerator located in the building, the hydrodynamics of the flow in the bioreactor, and the diffusion process. The potential motion model was used to solve the hydrodynamic problem. Numerical integration of modeling equations is carried out by using finite-difference splitting schemes. At each splitting step, the difference equations are solved using explicit schemes. This allows a simple computer implementation of the numerical model. Scientific novelty. A multifactor two-dimensional CFD model was developed, which allows for a quick assessment of the oxygen regime in a bioreactor used for wastewater treatment. Practical significance. The developed CFD model and computer code can be used at the stage of designing or re-engineering bioreactors in order to find the optimal location of aerators in the structure. Conclusions. The software implementation of the developed numerical model was carried out. The results of a computational experiment on the study of the wastewater treatment process in a sedimentation tank are presented.
{"title":"EXPRESS CALCULATION OF OXYGEN REGIME IN WASTEWATER FACILITIES","authors":"M.M. Biliaiev, P. Mashykhina, L.H. Tatarko, A.O. Chirkov, M.V. Chyrva","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.29.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.29.1004","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. The efficiency of biological water purification depends significantly on the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the volume of the bioreactor. But during the operation of bioreactors, the oxygen regime changes, so it is important to predict the oxygen concentration for different modes of operation of treatment plants. Simplified mathematical models are used to calculate the oxygen regime, but these models are designed for typical bioreactors. An important task is the development of effective multivariate numerical models for evaluating the oxygen regime in reactors of different geometric shapes, which differ from “classical” reactors. The purpose of the article. Development of a CFD model for operational evaluation of the oxygen regime in bioreactors. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the oxygen regime in the bioreactor, a two-dimensional mass transfer equation is used, which takes into account the place of oxygen supply from the aerator located in the building, the hydrodynamics of the flow in the bioreactor, and the diffusion process. The potential motion model was used to solve the hydrodynamic problem. Numerical integration of modeling equations is carried out by using finite-difference splitting schemes. At each splitting step, the difference equations are solved using explicit schemes. This allows a simple computer implementation of the numerical model. Scientific novelty. A multifactor two-dimensional CFD model was developed, which allows for a quick assessment of the oxygen regime in a bioreactor used for wastewater treatment. Practical significance. The developed CFD model and computer code can be used at the stage of designing or re-engineering bioreactors in order to find the optimal location of aerators in the structure. Conclusions. The software implementation of the developed numerical model was carried out. The results of a computational experiment on the study of the wastewater treatment process in a sedimentation tank are presented.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.22.1003
V. Biliaieva, I. Kalashnikov, O. Berlov, V. Kozachyna, O. Tymoshenko
Problem statement. The task of forecasting damage zones under various types of man-made load in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station is considered. Comprehensive forecasting includes the determination of areas of chemical, thermal and mechanical contamination in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station. The purpose of the article. Development of a theoretical toolkit and a package of programs for complex forecasting of chemical, thermal and chemical environmental pollution zones in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station. Methodology. Forecasting of zones of chemical, thermal and mechanical pollution of the environment in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station uses the fundamental equations of the mechanics of a solid environment: the mass transfer equation is used to calculate zones of chemical pollution; the energy equation is used to determine the zones of thermal pollution of the atmospheric air; Newton's second law is used to calculate mechanical contamination zones. Integration of modeling equations is carried out numerically. A specialized package of programs for comprehensive forecasting of environmental pollution has been created. Scientific novelty. A specialized package of programs based on developed numerical models is proposed for the assessment of chemical, thermal and mechanical pollution zones that arise in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station. On the basis of the developed numerical models, an assessment of complex environmental pollution during an extreme situation at a gas station in the city of Dnipro was carried out. Practical significance. The developed numerical models are implemented in the form of a package of application programs with a wide working range. The program package is focused on solving problems in the field of environmental safety and occupational health and safety. Determining the zones of chemical, thermal and mechanical pollution of the environment with the help of the developed program package will be important in the development of the plan for localization and liquidation of emergency situations and accidents. Conclusions. An effective tool for theoretical analysis of pollution zones formed during an extreme situation at gas stations has been created. The results of computational experiments are presented.
{"title":"COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION ZONES IN EXTREME SITUATIONS AT ENERGY FACILITIES","authors":"V. Biliaieva, I. Kalashnikov, O. Berlov, V. Kozachyna, O. Tymoshenko","doi":"10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.22.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.261223.22.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement. The task of forecasting damage zones under various types of man-made load in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station is considered. Comprehensive forecasting includes the determination of areas of chemical, thermal and mechanical contamination in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station. The purpose of the article. Development of a theoretical toolkit and a package of programs for complex forecasting of chemical, thermal and chemical environmental pollution zones in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station. Methodology. Forecasting of zones of chemical, thermal and mechanical pollution of the environment in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station uses the fundamental equations of the mechanics of a solid environment: the mass transfer equation is used to calculate zones of chemical pollution; the energy equation is used to determine the zones of thermal pollution of the atmospheric air; Newton's second law is used to calculate mechanical contamination zones. Integration of modeling equations is carried out numerically. A specialized package of programs for comprehensive forecasting of environmental pollution has been created. Scientific novelty. A specialized package of programs based on developed numerical models is proposed for the assessment of chemical, thermal and mechanical pollution zones that arise in the event of an extreme situation at a gas station. On the basis of the developed numerical models, an assessment of complex environmental pollution during an extreme situation at a gas station in the city of Dnipro was carried out. Practical significance. The developed numerical models are implemented in the form of a package of application programs with a wide working range. The program package is focused on solving problems in the field of environmental safety and occupational health and safety. Determining the zones of chemical, thermal and mechanical pollution of the environment with the help of the developed program package will be important in the development of the plan for localization and liquidation of emergency situations and accidents. Conclusions. An effective tool for theoretical analysis of pollution zones formed during an extreme situation at gas stations has been created. The results of computational experiments are presented.","PeriodicalId":228894,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"61 9‐10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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