Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7049109
Hisato Fukuda, Satoshi Mori, Yoshinori Kobayashi, Y. Kuno, D. Kachi
We are developing a helper robot able to fetch objects requested by users. This robot tries to recognize objects through verbal interaction with the user concerning the objects that it cannot detect autonomously. We have shown that the system can recognize objects based on an ontology for interaction. In this paper, we extend a human description ontology to link a "human description" to "attributes of objects" for our interactive object recognition framework. We develop an interactive object recognition system based on this ontology. Experimental results confirmed that the system could efficiently recognize objects by utilizing this ontology.
{"title":"Object recognition based on human description ontology for service robots","authors":"Hisato Fukuda, Satoshi Mori, Yoshinori Kobayashi, Y. Kuno, D. Kachi","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7049109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7049109","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing a helper robot able to fetch objects requested by users. This robot tries to recognize objects through verbal interaction with the user concerning the objects that it cannot detect autonomously. We have shown that the system can recognize objects based on an ontology for interaction. In this paper, we extend a human description ontology to link a \"human description\" to \"attributes of objects\" for our interactive object recognition framework. We develop an interactive object recognition system based on this ontology. Experimental results confirmed that the system could efficiently recognize objects by utilizing this ontology.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129508451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7048905
Can Wang, Ming Yang, Geng Wang, Dianguo Xu
The flexibility of transmission mechanisms in two-mass servo system can lead to its mechanical resonance. If the oscillation amplitude is beyond the shaft tolerance, it will lead to system insecurity problems. In this paper, the model of transmission mechanisms is firstly established, and based on that, four strategies: engineering design, pole placement method, shaft torque state feedback method and model predictive control are studied to suppress mechanical vibration and protect the safety of transmission. Simulation results show the advantages and disadvantages of the four strategies, meanwhile confirm MPC as the optimal method. MPC can suppress mechanical resonance, limit the amplitude of the shaft torque and allow the system to complete the transient process with maximum acceleration, taking dynamic performance and security into account at the same time.
{"title":"Mechanical resonance suppression and shaft torque limitation of two-mass drive system based on model predictive control","authors":"Can Wang, Ming Yang, Geng Wang, Dianguo Xu","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7048905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7048905","url":null,"abstract":"The flexibility of transmission mechanisms in two-mass servo system can lead to its mechanical resonance. If the oscillation amplitude is beyond the shaft tolerance, it will lead to system insecurity problems. In this paper, the model of transmission mechanisms is firstly established, and based on that, four strategies: engineering design, pole placement method, shaft torque state feedback method and model predictive control are studied to suppress mechanical vibration and protect the safety of transmission. Simulation results show the advantages and disadvantages of the four strategies, meanwhile confirm MPC as the optimal method. MPC can suppress mechanical resonance, limit the amplitude of the shaft torque and allow the system to complete the transient process with maximum acceleration, taking dynamic performance and security into account at the same time.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129817623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7048600
T. Glasberger, V. Muzikova, V. Šmídl, Z. Peroutka
A new sensorless control algorithm for surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines with direct torque control (DTC) is proposed. The DTC usually operates with a short sampling period, therefore estimation algorithms need to be computationally cheap. Moreover, injection of high-frequency (hf) signals into a given axis can be a challenging task in comparison with a standard vector control with a PWM modulator. In this paper, a modification of the DTC algorithm is proposed to enable hf injections in a separate d-axis in a rotating coordinate system. Demodulation of this signal and sensorless rotor position estimation based on both phase-locked loop and modified extended Kaiman filter are described and evaluated. Verification was performed by both simulations and experiments on a laboratory prototype of a PMSM drive with rated power of 11 kW.
{"title":"Sensorless permanent magnet synchronous drive with DTC based on high frequency injections","authors":"T. Glasberger, V. Muzikova, V. Šmídl, Z. Peroutka","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7048600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7048600","url":null,"abstract":"A new sensorless control algorithm for surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines with direct torque control (DTC) is proposed. The DTC usually operates with a short sampling period, therefore estimation algorithms need to be computationally cheap. Moreover, injection of high-frequency (hf) signals into a given axis can be a challenging task in comparison with a standard vector control with a PWM modulator. In this paper, a modification of the DTC algorithm is proposed to enable hf injections in a separate d-axis in a rotating coordinate system. Demodulation of this signal and sensorless rotor position estimation based on both phase-locked loop and modified extended Kaiman filter are described and evaluated. Verification was performed by both simulations and experiments on a laboratory prototype of a PMSM drive with rated power of 11 kW.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128289274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7049155
Yuta Yamada, T. Nagashima, Y. Ibuki, Y. Fukumoto, H. Sekiya
This paper proposes a numerical algorithm for drawing distribution maps of switching power-converter characteristics on parameter spaces. The concept of the proposed algorithm is that parameters satisfying the assigned conditions are derived and followed with low computation cost. Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS) region, output power distribution map, and contour map of power-conversion efficiency of the phase-controlled class-D inverter are drawn as application examples of the proposed algorithm. It is possible from these maps to design the phase-controlled class-D inverter achieving the ZVS at entire control regions. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm were confirmed by carrying out circuit experiments.
{"title":"Numerical algorithm for distribution-map derivations of switching converters","authors":"Yuta Yamada, T. Nagashima, Y. Ibuki, Y. Fukumoto, H. Sekiya","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7049155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7049155","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a numerical algorithm for drawing distribution maps of switching power-converter characteristics on parameter spaces. The concept of the proposed algorithm is that parameters satisfying the assigned conditions are derived and followed with low computation cost. Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS) region, output power distribution map, and contour map of power-conversion efficiency of the phase-controlled class-D inverter are drawn as application examples of the proposed algorithm. It is possible from these maps to design the phase-controlled class-D inverter achieving the ZVS at entire control regions. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm were confirmed by carrying out circuit experiments.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128572548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7048573
Simon Feuersanger, M. Pacas
It is well-known that in the area of encoderless control methods for AC-drives a single approach is not capable to cover all speed ranges and all types of machines. Therefore, a combination of several methods is necessary. Especially in the case of electrically excited synchronous machines, the methods proposed for the low speed region and for the detection of the initial rotor position fail for many types of machines and demand for new solutions. In this paper, a method for the identification of the initial rotor position by injecting low frequency pulses is proposed. After the identification of the initial position, the drive is directly started with the help of a conventional high-speed method and rides through the critical speed region without any difficulties. The new method is designed for a reliable operation in a large group of electrically excited synchronous machines. Measurement results as well as a concept for the parameterization of the model are included in this paper.
{"title":"Initial rotor position detection in synchronous machines using low frequency pulses","authors":"Simon Feuersanger, M. Pacas","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7048573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7048573","url":null,"abstract":"It is well-known that in the area of encoderless control methods for AC-drives a single approach is not capable to cover all speed ranges and all types of machines. Therefore, a combination of several methods is necessary. Especially in the case of electrically excited synchronous machines, the methods proposed for the low speed region and for the detection of the initial rotor position fail for many types of machines and demand for new solutions. In this paper, a method for the identification of the initial rotor position by injecting low frequency pulses is proposed. After the identification of the initial position, the drive is directly started with the help of a conventional high-speed method and rides through the critical speed region without any difficulties. The new method is designed for a reliable operation in a large group of electrically excited synchronous machines. Measurement results as well as a concept for the parameterization of the model are included in this paper.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128979363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7049016
Wei Li, Stefan Neullens, Matthias Breier, Marcel Bosling, T. Pretz, D. Merhof
In order to achieve an efficient and environment-friendly recycling of printed circuit boards (PCBs), a comprehensive analysis of their material composition is essential. Besides sophisticated chemical and physical methods for a direct material analysis, an indirect method based on information retrieval provides a less costly and more efficient alternative. During the process of information retrieval, PCBs and their components need to be recognized based on their appearance and the corresponding text information. Their material composition is then available through a pre-established database. Therefore, a practical text recognition is necessary for a successful data analysis prior to PCB recycling. Our paper is focusing on two key aspects of text recognition: binarization and final recognition of text objects using optical character recognition (OCR) engines. For binarization of text contents, a novel local thresholding method using an adaptive window size along with background estimation is presented. Several state-of-the-art algorithms and the proposed method were evaluated for comparing their binarization performance on text objects in PCB images. With respect to a data set containing manually created references, our novel method provides superior results. Furthermore, in contrast to previous work on text recognition, an additional evaluation of available open source OCR engines was conducted to asses technical limitations of OCR applications. We show that the quality of text recognition can be significantly improved if the binarization approach accounts for these technical limitations of OCR software. The presented method and results are expected to provide improved OCR performance also in other applications.
{"title":"Text recognition for information retrieval in images of printed circuit boards","authors":"Wei Li, Stefan Neullens, Matthias Breier, Marcel Bosling, T. Pretz, D. Merhof","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7049016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7049016","url":null,"abstract":"In order to achieve an efficient and environment-friendly recycling of printed circuit boards (PCBs), a comprehensive analysis of their material composition is essential. Besides sophisticated chemical and physical methods for a direct material analysis, an indirect method based on information retrieval provides a less costly and more efficient alternative. During the process of information retrieval, PCBs and their components need to be recognized based on their appearance and the corresponding text information. Their material composition is then available through a pre-established database. Therefore, a practical text recognition is necessary for a successful data analysis prior to PCB recycling. Our paper is focusing on two key aspects of text recognition: binarization and final recognition of text objects using optical character recognition (OCR) engines. For binarization of text contents, a novel local thresholding method using an adaptive window size along with background estimation is presented. Several state-of-the-art algorithms and the proposed method were evaluated for comparing their binarization performance on text objects in PCB images. With respect to a data set containing manually created references, our novel method provides superior results. Furthermore, in contrast to previous work on text recognition, an additional evaluation of available open source OCR engines was conducted to asses technical limitations of OCR applications. We show that the quality of text recognition can be significantly improved if the binarization approach accounts for these technical limitations of OCR software. The presented method and results are expected to provide improved OCR performance also in other applications.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129349842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7048542
Gilsu Choi, T. Jahns
This paper presents the calculated demagnetization characteristics of different types of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) under the influence of demagnetizing MMF contributed by the stator currents (i.e., armature reaction). The demagnetization of NdFeB magnets is quantified in terms of demagnetized magnet volume and loss of magnet remanence using finite element (FE) analysis. The impact of cross-coupled q-axis current and the rotor position are also investigated. The results comparing seven PM machine configurations show that burying the magnets inside the rotor using interior PM (IPM) rotor configurations generally improves the demagnetization performance. In addition, the machine configurations with distributed windings generally provides better demagnetization-withstand capabilities than the configurations with fractional-slot concentrated windings.
{"title":"Demagnetization characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous machines","authors":"Gilsu Choi, T. Jahns","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7048542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7048542","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the calculated demagnetization characteristics of different types of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) under the influence of demagnetizing MMF contributed by the stator currents (i.e., armature reaction). The demagnetization of NdFeB magnets is quantified in terms of demagnetized magnet volume and loss of magnet remanence using finite element (FE) analysis. The impact of cross-coupled q-axis current and the rotor position are also investigated. The results comparing seven PM machine configurations show that burying the magnets inside the rotor using interior PM (IPM) rotor configurations generally improves the demagnetization performance. In addition, the machine configurations with distributed windings generally provides better demagnetization-withstand capabilities than the configurations with fractional-slot concentrated windings.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124627642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7048680
Zaka Ullah Zahid, Zakariya M. Dalala, J. Lai
In this paper, a detailed design procedure is presented for a bidirectional resonant converter for battery charging application. This converter is similar to the LLC resonant converter with an extra inductor and capacitor in the secondary side. Soft-switching can be ensured in all switches without additional circuitry, and because of that, very high frequency operation is possible, hence; the size of the magnetics and the capacitors can be reduced. In this manuscript, first, an equivalent model for the bidirectional converter is derived for the steady-state analysis. Then, the design methodology is presented. Design of a converter includes finding the transformer turns ratio, design of magnetizing inductance based on ZVS condition, design of resonant inductances and resonant capacitances. To validate the design procedure, a 3.3 kW converter was designed following the guidelines in the proposed methodology as a design example. A prototype was built and tested in the lab. Experimental results verified the design procedure presented.
{"title":"Design and control of bidirectional resonant converter for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) applications","authors":"Zaka Ullah Zahid, Zakariya M. Dalala, J. Lai","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7048680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7048680","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a detailed design procedure is presented for a bidirectional resonant converter for battery charging application. This converter is similar to the LLC resonant converter with an extra inductor and capacitor in the secondary side. Soft-switching can be ensured in all switches without additional circuitry, and because of that, very high frequency operation is possible, hence; the size of the magnetics and the capacitors can be reduced. In this manuscript, first, an equivalent model for the bidirectional converter is derived for the steady-state analysis. Then, the design methodology is presented. Design of a converter includes finding the transformer turns ratio, design of magnetizing inductance based on ZVS condition, design of resonant inductances and resonant capacitances. To validate the design procedure, a 3.3 kW converter was designed following the guidelines in the proposed methodology as a design example. A prototype was built and tested in the lab. Experimental results verified the design procedure presented.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129422186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7049150
S. Chattopadhyay, C. Chakraborty
Asymmetrical cascaded multilevel converters can generate more number of voltage levels for the same number of switching devices. Binary, Trinary and other different forms are available in literature. This paper has critically investigated such converters from the point of view of optimizing the number of levels. A mathematical tool to analyze the possibility of any asymmetric ratio for various three-phase topological configurations is developed. This mathematical tool is then used to find the ratio of asymmetry for three phase cascaded multilevel converters. Operation of the identified asymmetry is validated through simulation and experimental results using laboratory prototype.
{"title":"Increasing resolution in three-phase cascaded asymmetrical multilevel inverters","authors":"S. Chattopadhyay, C. Chakraborty","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7049150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7049150","url":null,"abstract":"Asymmetrical cascaded multilevel converters can generate more number of voltage levels for the same number of switching devices. Binary, Trinary and other different forms are available in literature. This paper has critically investigated such converters from the point of view of optimizing the number of levels. A mathematical tool to analyze the possibility of any asymmetric ratio for various three-phase topological configurations is developed. This mathematical tool is then used to find the ratio of asymmetry for three phase cascaded multilevel converters. Operation of the identified asymmetry is validated through simulation and experimental results using laboratory prototype.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129696890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.1109/IECON.2014.7049041
Ali Azidehak, N. Yousefpoor, S. Bhattacharya
In order to synchronize the distributed control systems (DCS) in modular converters such as Advanced Modular Multi-level Converters (AMMC) and Modular Transformer Converter (MTC) to the supervisory controller, a network layer must be established, and appropriate control architecture must be designed. In this paper, different control architectures for DCS with application in AMMC and MTC including series (daisy chain), parallel, and parallel-daisy (using both serial and parallel setup) are explored. There are practical issues in synchronization of modules in modular converters that have been addressed by and given solution to in the paper. The laboratory experimental test beds for MTC and AMMC configurations with distributed control systems (series (daisy chain), and parallel) architectures are implemented and experimental results are presented to validate the distributed control configurations.
{"title":"Control and synchronization of distributed controllers in modular converters","authors":"Ali Azidehak, N. Yousefpoor, S. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1109/IECON.2014.7049041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2014.7049041","url":null,"abstract":"In order to synchronize the distributed control systems (DCS) in modular converters such as Advanced Modular Multi-level Converters (AMMC) and Modular Transformer Converter (MTC) to the supervisory controller, a network layer must be established, and appropriate control architecture must be designed. In this paper, different control architectures for DCS with application in AMMC and MTC including series (daisy chain), parallel, and parallel-daisy (using both serial and parallel setup) are explored. There are practical issues in synchronization of modules in modular converters that have been addressed by and given solution to in the paper. The laboratory experimental test beds for MTC and AMMC configurations with distributed control systems (series (daisy chain), and parallel) architectures are implemented and experimental results are presented to validate the distributed control configurations.","PeriodicalId":228897,"journal":{"name":"IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130314754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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