Pub Date : 2016-02-09DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1126676
Raja Amjad Waheed Khan, Jianhua Chen, Meng Wang, Z. Wen, Jiawei Shen, Zhijian Song, Zhiqiang Li, Qingzhong Wang, Wenjin Li, Yifeng Xu, W. Ji, Yongyong Shi
Abstract Objectives The SLCO6A1 gene belongs to a superfamily of genes which is known to be a solute carrier family of OATPs (SLCO). The SLCO6A1 gene encodes OATP6A1 protein in humans. A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) of schizophrenia conducted in the Swedish population demonstrated a significant association of rs6878284, which is located in the SLCO6A1 gene, with schizophrenia. To further investigate whether this gene is also a risk locus for schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in the Han Chinese population, a case–control study was designed. Methods In total 1,248 unrelated SCZ cases, 1,344 BPD cases, 1,056 unrelated MDD cases and 1,248 normal controls were analysed in this study. We genotyped five SNPs using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Results We found no association of rs6878284 with SCZ [Corrected Pallele = 0.969, Corrected Pgenotype = 0.997]. Furthermore, we found a statistically significant association of the rs7734060 genotype with MDD after correction [rs7734060: Corrected Pallele = 0.114, Corrected Pgenotype = 0.036] in the Han Chinese population. Conclusions This is the first study which reveals no association of rs6878284 with SCZ and also predicts that rs7734060 could be a risk locus for MDD in the Han Chinese population.
{"title":"Analysis of association between common variants in the SLCO6A1 gene with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in the Han Chinese population","authors":"Raja Amjad Waheed Khan, Jianhua Chen, Meng Wang, Z. Wen, Jiawei Shen, Zhijian Song, Zhiqiang Li, Qingzhong Wang, Wenjin Li, Yifeng Xu, W. Ji, Yongyong Shi","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2015.1126676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1126676","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The SLCO6A1 gene belongs to a superfamily of genes which is known to be a solute carrier family of OATPs (SLCO). The SLCO6A1 gene encodes OATP6A1 protein in humans. A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) of schizophrenia conducted in the Swedish population demonstrated a significant association of rs6878284, which is located in the SLCO6A1 gene, with schizophrenia. To further investigate whether this gene is also a risk locus for schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in the Han Chinese population, a case–control study was designed. Methods In total 1,248 unrelated SCZ cases, 1,344 BPD cases, 1,056 unrelated MDD cases and 1,248 normal controls were analysed in this study. We genotyped five SNPs using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Results We found no association of rs6878284 with SCZ [Corrected Pallele = 0.969, Corrected Pgenotype = 0.997]. Furthermore, we found a statistically significant association of the rs7734060 genotype with MDD after correction [rs7734060: Corrected Pallele = 0.114, Corrected Pgenotype = 0.036] in the Han Chinese population. Conclusions This is the first study which reveals no association of rs6878284 with SCZ and also predicts that rs7734060 could be a risk locus for MDD in the Han Chinese population.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"98 1","pages":"140 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75641972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-26DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1083615
Martina Klein, M. Schmoeger, S. Kasper, A. Schosser
Abstract Objectives: Many studies have reported an association of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism and major depressive disorder (MDD), although with conflicting results. The role of gender is a possible modulator. To overcome the problem of poor sample size detecting genes of small effect, we perform a meta-analysis of the current literature, investigating the influence of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism on the pathogenesis of MDD, with a major focus on the effect of gender. Methods: Out of 977 retrieved articles, 21 included case–control studies allowed the analysis of 9005 patients with MDD and 12,095 controls. Allelic and genotypic pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated for the total sample and gender-subgroups. Results: In the absence of publication bias, allelic and genotypic analyses showed no significant association in the total sample, as well as in gender-specific subgroups. Sensitivity analysis did not alter the ORs. Conclusions: The results imply a complex nature of the genotype × phenotype interaction. Further studies of the COMT gene or the locus remain to be justified given the important positional and functional relevance and the plethora of gender-specific findings. A possible way to further dissect this topic is shifting the focus to gene-based or genome-wide analyses of intermediate phenotypes.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism in major depressive disorder: the role of gender","authors":"Martina Klein, M. Schmoeger, S. Kasper, A. Schosser","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2015.1083615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1083615","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Many studies have reported an association of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism and major depressive disorder (MDD), although with conflicting results. The role of gender is a possible modulator. To overcome the problem of poor sample size detecting genes of small effect, we perform a meta-analysis of the current literature, investigating the influence of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism on the pathogenesis of MDD, with a major focus on the effect of gender. Methods: Out of 977 retrieved articles, 21 included case–control studies allowed the analysis of 9005 patients with MDD and 12,095 controls. Allelic and genotypic pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated for the total sample and gender-subgroups. Results: In the absence of publication bias, allelic and genotypic analyses showed no significant association in the total sample, as well as in gender-specific subgroups. Sensitivity analysis did not alter the ORs. Conclusions: The results imply a complex nature of the genotype × phenotype interaction. Further studies of the COMT gene or the locus remain to be justified given the important positional and functional relevance and the plethora of gender-specific findings. A possible way to further dissect this topic is shifting the focus to gene-based or genome-wide analyses of intermediate phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"45 1","pages":"147 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74074623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-22DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1112036
Y. Shahriari, D. Krusienski, Yamini Sureka Dadi, M. Seo, Hee-Sup Shin, J. Choi
Abstract Objectives: In patients with schizophrenia, γ-band (30–70 Hz) auditory steady-state electroencephalogram responses (ASSR) are reduced in power and phase locking. Here, we examined whether γ-ASSR deficits are also present in a mouse model of schizophrenia, whose behavioural changes have shown schizophrenia-like endophenotypes. Methods: Electroencephalogram in frontal cortex and local field potential in primary auditory cortex were recorded in phospholipase C β1 (PLC-β1) null mice during auditory binaural click trains at different rates (20–50 Hz), and compared with wild-type littermates. Results: In mutant mice, the ASSR power was reduced at all tested rates. The phase locking in frontal cortex was reduced in the β band (20 Hz) but not in the γ band, whereas the phase locking in auditory cortex was reduced in the γ band. The cortico-cortical connectivity between frontal and auditory cortex was significantly reduced in mutant mice. Conclusions: The tested mouse model of schizophrenia showed impaired electrophysiological responses to auditory steady state stimulation, suggesting that it could be useful for preclinical studies of schizophrenia”.
{"title":"Impaired auditory evoked potentials and oscillations in frontal and auditory cortex of a schizophrenia mouse model","authors":"Y. Shahriari, D. Krusienski, Yamini Sureka Dadi, M. Seo, Hee-Sup Shin, J. Choi","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2015.1112036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1112036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: In patients with schizophrenia, γ-band (30–70 Hz) auditory steady-state electroencephalogram responses (ASSR) are reduced in power and phase locking. Here, we examined whether γ-ASSR deficits are also present in a mouse model of schizophrenia, whose behavioural changes have shown schizophrenia-like endophenotypes. Methods: Electroencephalogram in frontal cortex and local field potential in primary auditory cortex were recorded in phospholipase C β1 (PLC-β1) null mice during auditory binaural click trains at different rates (20–50 Hz), and compared with wild-type littermates. Results: In mutant mice, the ASSR power was reduced at all tested rates. The phase locking in frontal cortex was reduced in the β band (20 Hz) but not in the γ band, whereas the phase locking in auditory cortex was reduced in the γ band. The cortico-cortical connectivity between frontal and auditory cortex was significantly reduced in mutant mice. Conclusions: The tested mouse model of schizophrenia showed impaired electrophysiological responses to auditory steady state stimulation, suggesting that it could be useful for preclinical studies of schizophrenia”.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"439 - 448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84949224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1102324
S. Hemmings, L. Martin, L. van der Merwe, Rohan M. Benecke, K. Domschke, S. Seedat
Abstract Objectives: Anxiety sensitivity (AS) has predictive potential for the development of anxiety disorders. We investigated the role that gene–environment (G × E) interactions, focussing on childhood trauma (CT) and selected SLC6A4 variants, play in modulating levels of AS in a South African adolescent population. Methods: All adolescents (n = 951) completed measures for AS and CT. Six SLC6A4 polymorphisms were genotyped. G × E influences on AS levels were assessed using multiple linear regression models. Relevant confounders were included in all analyses. Results: Xhosa (n = 634) and Coloured (n = 317) participants were analysed independently of one another. The 5-HTTLPR-rs25531 L-G haplotype associated with reduced AS among Xhosa adolescents (P = 0.010). In addition, the rs1042173 CC-genotype protected against increased levels of AS in Xhosa participants who had experienced increased levels of CT (P = 0.038). Coloured males homozygous for the S-allele had significantly increased levels of AS compared to Coloured males with at least one L-allele (P = 0.016). Conclusions: This is the first study to be conducted on AS in adolescents from two ethnically diverse populations. Results indicate that the L-G haplotype confers protection against high AS levels in a Xhosa population. Furthermore, increased CT was found to protect against high levels of AS in Xhosa rs1042173 CC-carriers.
{"title":"Serotonin transporter variants play a role in anxiety sensitivity in South African adolescents","authors":"S. Hemmings, L. Martin, L. van der Merwe, Rohan M. Benecke, K. Domschke, S. Seedat","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2015.1102324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1102324","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: Anxiety sensitivity (AS) has predictive potential for the development of anxiety disorders. We investigated the role that gene–environment (G × E) interactions, focussing on childhood trauma (CT) and selected SLC6A4 variants, play in modulating levels of AS in a South African adolescent population. Methods: All adolescents (n = 951) completed measures for AS and CT. Six SLC6A4 polymorphisms were genotyped. G × E influences on AS levels were assessed using multiple linear regression models. Relevant confounders were included in all analyses. Results: Xhosa (n = 634) and Coloured (n = 317) participants were analysed independently of one another. The 5-HTTLPR-rs25531 L-G haplotype associated with reduced AS among Xhosa adolescents (P = 0.010). In addition, the rs1042173 CC-genotype protected against increased levels of AS in Xhosa participants who had experienced increased levels of CT (P = 0.038). Coloured males homozygous for the S-allele had significantly increased levels of AS compared to Coloured males with at least one L-allele (P = 0.016). Conclusions: This is the first study to be conducted on AS in adolescents from two ethnically diverse populations. Results indicate that the L-G haplotype confers protection against high AS levels in a Xhosa population. Furthermore, increased CT was found to protect against high levels of AS in Xhosa rs1042173 CC-carriers.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"45 1","pages":"66 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73748107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-07DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1062915
R. Wolthusen, J. Hass, E. Walton, J. Turner, V. Rößner, S. Sponheim, B. Ho, D. Holt, R. Gollub, V. Calhoun, S. Ehrlich
Abstract Objectives. Schizophrenia is a highly disabling psychiatric disorder with a heterogeneous phenotypic appearance. We aimed to further the understanding of some of the underlying genetics of schizophrenia, using left superior temporal gyrus (STG) grey matter thickness reduction as an endophenoptype in a genome-wide association (GWA) study. Methods. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic data of the Mind Clinical Imaging Consortium (MCIC) study of schizophrenia were used to analyse the interaction effects between 1,067,955 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and disease status on left STG thickness in 126 healthy controls and 113 patients with schizophrenia. We next used a pathway approach to detect underlying pathophysiological pathways that may be related to schizophrenia. Results. No SNP by diagnosis interaction effect reached genome-wide significance (5 × 10–8) in our GWA study, but 10 SNPs reached P-values less than 10–6. The most prominent pathways included those involved in insulin, calcium, PI3K-Akt and MAPK signalling. Conclusions. Our strongest findings in the GWA study and pathway analysis point towards an involvement of glucose metabolism in left STG thickness reduction in patients with schizophrenia only. These results are in line with recently published studies, which showed an increased prevalence of psychosis among patients with metabolic syndrome-related illnesses including diabetes.
{"title":"Genetic underpinnings of left superior temporal gyrus thickness in patients with schizophrenia","authors":"R. Wolthusen, J. Hass, E. Walton, J. Turner, V. Rößner, S. Sponheim, B. Ho, D. Holt, R. Gollub, V. Calhoun, S. Ehrlich","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2015.1062915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1062915","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives. Schizophrenia is a highly disabling psychiatric disorder with a heterogeneous phenotypic appearance. We aimed to further the understanding of some of the underlying genetics of schizophrenia, using left superior temporal gyrus (STG) grey matter thickness reduction as an endophenoptype in a genome-wide association (GWA) study. Methods. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic data of the Mind Clinical Imaging Consortium (MCIC) study of schizophrenia were used to analyse the interaction effects between 1,067,955 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and disease status on left STG thickness in 126 healthy controls and 113 patients with schizophrenia. We next used a pathway approach to detect underlying pathophysiological pathways that may be related to schizophrenia. Results. No SNP by diagnosis interaction effect reached genome-wide significance (5 × 10–8) in our GWA study, but 10 SNPs reached P-values less than 10–6. The most prominent pathways included those involved in insulin, calcium, PI3K-Akt and MAPK signalling. Conclusions. Our strongest findings in the GWA study and pathway analysis point towards an involvement of glucose metabolism in left STG thickness reduction in patients with schizophrenia only. These results are in line with recently published studies, which showed an increased prevalence of psychosis among patients with metabolic syndrome-related illnesses including diabetes.","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"18 1","pages":"430 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90209036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-17DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1013315
{"title":"Reviewers of the year 2014","authors":"","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2015.1013315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1013315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"476 1","pages":"139 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73658612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2014.885689
{"title":"Reviewers of the year 2013","authors":"","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2014.885689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2014.885689","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"3 1","pages":"171 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90107159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-08-01DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2011.602222
S. Kasper
Dear Colleagues, It is my pleasure to welcome you to the fi fth issue of 2011. Fabrice Jollant and colleagues present a review article on studies exploring dysfunctional cognitive processes and their neuroanatomical basis in suicidal behaviour in order to develop a neurocognitive working model. The concept of alterations in suicidal behaviour distinct from those of comorbid disorders is support. The authors come to the conclusion that several neurocognitive dysfunctions, some with trait-like characteristics, may facilitate the development of a suicidal crisis during stressful circumstances: an altered modulation of value attribution, an inadequate regulation of emotional and cognitive responses, and a facilitation of acts in an emotional context. This preliminary model may represent a framework for the design of future studies on the pathophysiology, prediction and prevention of these complex human behaviours. Lithium continues to be a cornerstone for the prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorder and is helpful for other related mental disorders, such as schizoaffective disorder and cyclic major depression. Lithium was introduced to modern psychiatry more than 60 years ago. On the occasion of this anniversary, Janusz Rybakowski presents an update on the most important original papers and reviews on lithium published in the recent years. The pro-cognitive and antisuicidal properties of lithium have been confi rmed as an augmentation of antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression. The neuroprotective effects of lithium have been evidenced in both experimental research and in clinical studies using brain imaging. The possible use of lithium in the prophylaxis of dementia and in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington ' s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is discussed. Narc í s Cardoner and colleagues from Spain assessed 21 patients diagnosed with ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and 21 healthy controls with fMRI during an emotional face-processing paradigm involving active response generation to test for alterations in both brain activation and task-induced functional connectivity of the frontal cortex, the amygdala and the fusiform face area. The starting point of this study was that patients with anxiety symptoms generally overreact to emotional cues. The results clearly show that patients with OCD showed signifi cantly greater activation of “ face-processing ” regions including the amygdala, fusiform gyrus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The reciprocal connectivity between face-processing regions was enhanced in OCD. Importantly it was detected that there are signifi cant correlations between patients ’ clinical symptom severity and both task-related region activation and network functional connectivity. Treatment Resistent Depression is a major challenge in everyday clinical practice. A few studies have suggested that switching between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and tricyclic (TCA) antidepressan
{"title":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry vol. 12, issue 5","authors":"S. Kasper","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2011.602222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2011.602222","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Colleagues, It is my pleasure to welcome you to the fi fth issue of 2011. Fabrice Jollant and colleagues present a review article on studies exploring dysfunctional cognitive processes and their neuroanatomical basis in suicidal behaviour in order to develop a neurocognitive working model. The concept of alterations in suicidal behaviour distinct from those of comorbid disorders is support. The authors come to the conclusion that several neurocognitive dysfunctions, some with trait-like characteristics, may facilitate the development of a suicidal crisis during stressful circumstances: an altered modulation of value attribution, an inadequate regulation of emotional and cognitive responses, and a facilitation of acts in an emotional context. This preliminary model may represent a framework for the design of future studies on the pathophysiology, prediction and prevention of these complex human behaviours. Lithium continues to be a cornerstone for the prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorder and is helpful for other related mental disorders, such as schizoaffective disorder and cyclic major depression. Lithium was introduced to modern psychiatry more than 60 years ago. On the occasion of this anniversary, Janusz Rybakowski presents an update on the most important original papers and reviews on lithium published in the recent years. The pro-cognitive and antisuicidal properties of lithium have been confi rmed as an augmentation of antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression. The neuroprotective effects of lithium have been evidenced in both experimental research and in clinical studies using brain imaging. The possible use of lithium in the prophylaxis of dementia and in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington ' s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is discussed. Narc í s Cardoner and colleagues from Spain assessed 21 patients diagnosed with ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and 21 healthy controls with fMRI during an emotional face-processing paradigm involving active response generation to test for alterations in both brain activation and task-induced functional connectivity of the frontal cortex, the amygdala and the fusiform face area. The starting point of this study was that patients with anxiety symptoms generally overreact to emotional cues. The results clearly show that patients with OCD showed signifi cantly greater activation of “ face-processing ” regions including the amygdala, fusiform gyrus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The reciprocal connectivity between face-processing regions was enhanced in OCD. Importantly it was detected that there are signifi cant correlations between patients ’ clinical symptom severity and both task-related region activation and network functional connectivity. Treatment Resistent Depression is a major challenge in everyday clinical practice. A few studies have suggested that switching between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and tricyclic (TCA) antidepressan","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"64 1","pages":"317 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76089562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-01DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2011.559775
{"title":"Reviewers of the year 2010","authors":"","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2011.559775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2011.559775","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"119 1","pages":"156 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87771180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2010.532996
S. Kasper
Dear Colleagues, It is my pleasure to welcome you to the last issue of the year 2010. The review article by Anne Maria Möller-Leimkühler presents a synthesis of possible reasons of the higher comorbidity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression in women from a biopsychosocial perspective. The available literature has been extensively reviewed from a gender perspective and looks at the link between depression and CVD. The review article emphasises the importance of promoting women’s health and should provide an impetus for further studies in order to understand the sex and gender differences within biological, psychosocial and sociostructural determinants and pathways. Negative emotion exerts a considerable infl uence on cognitive processes. This may have clinical implications in mental illness, such as schizophrenia , where negative emotions often prevail. Ute Habel and German colleagues have conducted a brain imaging study with 14 schizophrenia patients and 14 healthy volunteers. The investigation centered on the neural correlates of emotion-cognition interactions. Emotion was induced by odorants during an n-back working memory task. The results show that similar detrimental effects of negative stimulation on working memory performance were observed in patients and control subjects. Among the neural correlates modulating this interaction a decreased activation emerged in patients in the anterior cingulate and the medial superior frontal cortex and increased activation in the medial orbitofrontal and middle frontal. Clinical and electrophysiological studies suggest that panic disorder (PD) patients show disturbed response inhibition to sensory stimuli. Thus, habituation of neuronal activation after repeated sine tone stimulation was assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with PD. For this study presented by Bettina Pfl eiderer and colleagues 20 patients with PD and 20 age and gender-matched healthy controls were assessed by 3T fMRI for auditory habituation. The results support the hypothesis of an aberrant processing of sensory information in PD patients. This phenomenon may underlie an enhanced responsiveness to anxiety-relevant or irrelevant stimuli possibly increasing PD vulnerability. Identifying the genes and neurobiologic pathways relevant to suicidal behavior is important for preventative strategies. Yang Wang and Chinese colleagues conducted a case-control association analysis in search of the SCN8A gene polymorphismus conferring genetic susceptibility to suicide in the Chinese population. A total of 626 subjects were recruited for this study, including 297 suicide attempters and 239 non-attempters from Shanghai. The fi ndings suggest that the SCN8A gene may be involved in the susceptibility to suicidal behavior among psychiatric disorder patients in the Han Chinese population. Nahit Motavalli Mukaddes and colleagues from Turkey present an original investigation into the rate and type of psychiatric co-
{"title":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry vol. 11, issue 8","authors":"S. Kasper","doi":"10.3109/15622975.2010.532996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2010.532996","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Colleagues, It is my pleasure to welcome you to the last issue of the year 2010. The review article by Anne Maria Möller-Leimkühler presents a synthesis of possible reasons of the higher comorbidity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression in women from a biopsychosocial perspective. The available literature has been extensively reviewed from a gender perspective and looks at the link between depression and CVD. The review article emphasises the importance of promoting women’s health and should provide an impetus for further studies in order to understand the sex and gender differences within biological, psychosocial and sociostructural determinants and pathways. Negative emotion exerts a considerable infl uence on cognitive processes. This may have clinical implications in mental illness, such as schizophrenia , where negative emotions often prevail. Ute Habel and German colleagues have conducted a brain imaging study with 14 schizophrenia patients and 14 healthy volunteers. The investigation centered on the neural correlates of emotion-cognition interactions. Emotion was induced by odorants during an n-back working memory task. The results show that similar detrimental effects of negative stimulation on working memory performance were observed in patients and control subjects. Among the neural correlates modulating this interaction a decreased activation emerged in patients in the anterior cingulate and the medial superior frontal cortex and increased activation in the medial orbitofrontal and middle frontal. Clinical and electrophysiological studies suggest that panic disorder (PD) patients show disturbed response inhibition to sensory stimuli. Thus, habituation of neuronal activation after repeated sine tone stimulation was assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with PD. For this study presented by Bettina Pfl eiderer and colleagues 20 patients with PD and 20 age and gender-matched healthy controls were assessed by 3T fMRI for auditory habituation. The results support the hypothesis of an aberrant processing of sensory information in PD patients. This phenomenon may underlie an enhanced responsiveness to anxiety-relevant or irrelevant stimuli possibly increasing PD vulnerability. Identifying the genes and neurobiologic pathways relevant to suicidal behavior is important for preventative strategies. Yang Wang and Chinese colleagues conducted a case-control association analysis in search of the SCN8A gene polymorphismus conferring genetic susceptibility to suicide in the Chinese population. A total of 626 subjects were recruited for this study, including 297 suicide attempters and 239 non-attempters from Shanghai. The fi ndings suggest that the SCN8A gene may be involved in the susceptibility to suicidal behavior among psychiatric disorder patients in the Han Chinese population. Nahit Motavalli Mukaddes and colleagues from Turkey present an original investigation into the rate and type of psychiatric co-","PeriodicalId":22963,"journal":{"name":"The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"54 1","pages":"921 - 921"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88973635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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