Objective: To determine lipid profile in patients of age-related cataract and compared them with age-matched controls. Study Design: Case Control study. Setting: Naseer Memorial Hospital, Dadyal. Period: January 2022 to December 2022. Material & Methods: A total of 300 patients were recruited using a consecutive non-probability sampling method and divided in two groups, one control and the other having cataract. The patients underwent a thorough ocular assessment and lipid profile evaluation. Inclusion criteria was age 40 years or older of any gender having senile cataracts of any morphological form. Exclusion criteria was history of ocular trauma, systemic disease, ocular surgery, oral steroids or cataract other than senile cause. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. The results showed that patients with senile cataracts had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and significantly lower levels of HDL cholesterol than the controls. The collected data was entered in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 for analysis. Independent t test was applied and p value ≤ 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: It was found that patients with senile cataracts had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL and significantly lower levels of HDL than the age-matched controls. Conclusion: The findings suggested that dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for age-related cataract.
{"title":"Dyslipidemia: A risk factor for cataract.","authors":"Yasir Iqbal, Aqsa Malik, Masooma Talib, Iqra Anwar, Sohail Zia, Usman Arshad Qureshi","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7902","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine lipid profile in patients of age-related cataract and compared them with age-matched controls. Study Design: Case Control study. Setting: Naseer Memorial Hospital, Dadyal. Period: January 2022 to December 2022. Material & Methods: A total of 300 patients were recruited using a consecutive non-probability sampling method and divided in two groups, one control and the other having cataract. The patients underwent a thorough ocular assessment and lipid profile evaluation. Inclusion criteria was age 40 years or older of any gender having senile cataracts of any morphological form. Exclusion criteria was history of ocular trauma, systemic disease, ocular surgery, oral steroids or cataract other than senile cause. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. The results showed that patients with senile cataracts had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and significantly lower levels of HDL cholesterol than the controls. The collected data was entered in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 for analysis. Independent t test was applied and p value ≤ 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: It was found that patients with senile cataracts had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL and significantly lower levels of HDL than the age-matched controls. Conclusion: The findings suggested that dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for age-related cataract.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7851
Bilal Khan, Adnan Ahmad, Javed Rasul, Muhammad Farhan, Hamid Rehman
Objective: To find out the harmlessness and effectiveness of intra-cameral tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in trabeculectomy for patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Study Design: Quasi-experimental Trial. Setting: Eye B Department, of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Period: Jan. 2021 and Dec. 2021. Material & Methods: Patients with POAG, who were operated for trabeculectomy (trab.) Two groups were created out of study population i.e. Trab-MMC (Trab. With MMC done) and Trab-MMC/t-PA (Trab. With MMC + intra-cameral t-PA done). Success was defined as eyes having pressure (IOP) within the range of 8-20mmHg with at-least 25% reduction from pre-op IOP achieved with or without IOP lowering drugs. Results: Out of 20 participants (08 women and 12 men) 10 were allocated to each gp. Pre-op IOP was 28 ± 4.6 mmHg and 27 ± 4.8 mmHg, which dropped to 12.6 ± 3.8 mmHg and 11.1 ± 1.6 mmHg at 1st yr. post-op (p < 0.05) for both gps respectively. Surgical success was attained in 66% of Trab-MMC as compared to 86 % Trab-MMC/t-PA at 1st yr. (p = 0.44). Success with medication was 86 % compared to 100 % at 1st yr. respectively (p = 0.28). We didn’t observe any adverse effects with the use of intra-cameral t-PA. Conclusion: Adjunctive use of intra-cameral t-PA in trabeculectomy with MMC can result in improved outcome as compared to procedure without it. No side effects were noted with intra-cameral use of t-PA.
{"title":"Comparing the safety and efficacy of intracameral tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in trabeculectomy with MMC Vs standard trabeculectomy with MMC only.","authors":"Bilal Khan, Adnan Ahmad, Javed Rasul, Muhammad Farhan, Hamid Rehman","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7851","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the harmlessness and effectiveness of intra-cameral tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in trabeculectomy for patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Study Design: Quasi-experimental Trial. Setting: Eye B Department, of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Period: Jan. 2021 and Dec. 2021. Material & Methods: Patients with POAG, who were operated for trabeculectomy (trab.) Two groups were created out of study population i.e. Trab-MMC (Trab. With MMC done) and Trab-MMC/t-PA (Trab. With MMC + intra-cameral t-PA done). Success was defined as eyes having pressure (IOP) within the range of 8-20mmHg with at-least 25% reduction from pre-op IOP achieved with or without IOP lowering drugs. Results: Out of 20 participants (08 women and 12 men) 10 were allocated to each gp. Pre-op IOP was 28 ± 4.6 mmHg and 27 ± 4.8 mmHg, which dropped to 12.6 ± 3.8 mmHg and 11.1 ± 1.6 mmHg at 1st yr. post-op (p < 0.05) for both gps respectively. Surgical success was attained in 66% of Trab-MMC as compared to 86 % Trab-MMC/t-PA at 1st yr. (p = 0.44). Success with medication was 86 % compared to 100 % at 1st yr. respectively (p = 0.28). We didn’t observe any adverse effects with the use of intra-cameral t-PA. Conclusion: Adjunctive use of intra-cameral t-PA in trabeculectomy with MMC can result in improved outcome as compared to procedure without it. No side effects were noted with intra-cameral use of t-PA.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7535
Saba Parveen Soomro, Manorma Maheshwari, Marhaba Shaikh, Wajid Ali Rajper, Shafqat Hussain Khuwaja, Arjeet Kumar, Waqas Iqbal
Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of tacrolimus 0.1% and triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% used topically to treat symptomatic OLP. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Oral Medicine Isra Dental College Hyderabad. Period: 1st February 2022 to 31st January 2023. Material & Methods: Total 60 clinically diagnosed patients of symptomatic oral lichen planus were included in study, 60 patients were equally divided into two groups as Group A and group B. Thirty patients of OLP group A were treated with Tracolimus 0.1% four times per day for four weeks and patients of group B were treated with Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% ointment. Results: Total 60 symptomatic OLP patients were categorized into to equal groups A and B group. OLP was commonly found in female as compare to male, VAS score and clinical score was calculated before and after the treatment, the mean VAS score of group A was 9.2 (SD±2.07) and group B was 8.9 (SD±2.07) before the treatment. While VAS score of group A 1.9 (SD±1.18) which was treated with tacrolimus (0.1%) and group B score was 2.3 (SD±1.49) which was treated with triamcinolone (0.1%) after the treatment. The mean clinical score of group A was 4.2 (SD±1.14) and 4.6 (SD±1.28) in group B before treatment. Mean clinical score was 1.8 (SD±0.87) in group A and 2.4 (SD±0.9) in group-B after treatment. Conclusion: Study reported Tacrolimus 0.1% is more effective then triamcinolone 0.1% for the treatment of symptomatic OLP however there was no reoccurrence found.
目的评估并比较他克莫司0.1%和曲安奈德0.1%用于局部治疗症状性OLP的疗效。研究设计：横断面研究。研究地点海得拉巴伊斯拉牙科学院口腔医学系。时间：2022 年 2 月 1 日至 1 月 31 日2022 年 2 月 1 日至 2023 年 1 月 31 日。材料与方法A组30名OLP患者接受0.1%曲克莫司治疗，每天4次，持续4周；B组患者接受0.1%曲安奈德软膏治疗。结果60名有症状的OLP患者被分为A组和B组。计算治疗前后的 VAS 评分和临床评分，治疗前 A 组的平均 VAS 评分为 9.2（SD±2.07）分，B 组为 8.9（SD±2.07）分。治疗后，使用他克莫司（0.1%）治疗的 A 组 VAS 评分为 1.9（SD±1.18），使用曲安奈德（0.1%）治疗的 B 组 VAS 评分为 2.3（SD±1.49）。治疗前，A 组的平均临床评分为 4.2（SD±1.14）分，B 组为 4.6（SD±1.28）分。治疗后，A 组的平均临床评分为 1.8（SD±0.87）分，B 组为 2.4（SD±0.9）分。结论研究报告显示，在治疗无症状OLP方面，他克莫司0.1%比曲安奈德0.1%更有效，但没有发现复发现象。
{"title":"Comparison and evaluation of efficacy of tacrolimus 0.1% and triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% in the management of symptomatic oral lichen planus.","authors":"Saba Parveen Soomro, Manorma Maheshwari, Marhaba Shaikh, Wajid Ali Rajper, Shafqat Hussain Khuwaja, Arjeet Kumar, Waqas Iqbal","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7535","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of tacrolimus 0.1% and triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% used topically to treat symptomatic OLP. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Oral Medicine Isra Dental College Hyderabad. Period: 1st February 2022 to 31st January 2023. Material & Methods: Total 60 clinically diagnosed patients of symptomatic oral lichen planus were included in study, 60 patients were equally divided into two groups as Group A and group B. Thirty patients of OLP group A were treated with Tracolimus 0.1% four times per day for four weeks and patients of group B were treated with Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% ointment. Results: Total 60 symptomatic OLP patients were categorized into to equal groups A and B group. OLP was commonly found in female as compare to male, VAS score and clinical score was calculated before and after the treatment, the mean VAS score of group A was 9.2 (SD±2.07) and group B was 8.9 (SD±2.07) before the treatment. While VAS score of group A 1.9 (SD±1.18) which was treated with tacrolimus (0.1%) and group B score was 2.3 (SD±1.49) which was treated with triamcinolone (0.1%) after the treatment. The mean clinical score of group A was 4.2 (SD±1.14) and 4.6 (SD±1.28) in group B before treatment. Mean clinical score was 1.8 (SD±0.87) in group A and 2.4 (SD±0.9) in group-B after treatment. Conclusion: Study reported Tacrolimus 0.1% is more effective then triamcinolone 0.1% for the treatment of symptomatic OLP however there was no reoccurrence found.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"30 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7772
Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Ghayasuddin, Wahb, Pir Islam, Zakir, Zafar Ali, Khadijah Abid
Objective: To compare post-operative pain between open and laparoscopic appendectomy in patients diagnosed with appendicitis presenting at a tertiary care hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: Department of Surgery, Kulsoom Bai Valika Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: January 2023 to June 2023. Material & Methods: The study included patients aged above 18 years of both genders, diagnosed with acute appendicitis based on ultrasound or CT scan. The decision regarding the surgical procedure was made by the surgeon team on call according to their experience and preference. Patients were divided into two groups, i.e., open appendectomy (OA) and laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). Pain in both groups was assessed at 12 hours and 24 hours after surgery using visual analogue scale. Results: The LA group had a mean age of 38.94±7.90 years, while the OA group had a mean age of 40.92±8.37 years. The mean BMI in the LA group was 36.75±8.50 kg/m2, and in the OA group, it was 37.56±6.22 kg/m2. When evaluating pain scores at the 12th (4.62±2.01 vs 5.28±1.91, p=0.027) and 24th hours (3.08±1.49 vs 3.64±1.61, p=0.017), the LA group exhibited lower pain scores compared to the OA group. Conclusion: As compared to OA, LA is superior approach in terms of post-operative pain in patients with acute appendicitis.
目的比较在巴基斯坦卡拉奇一家三级医院就诊的阑尾炎患者在开腹和腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的术后疼痛。研究设计：观察性研究。研究地点巴基斯坦卡拉奇 Kulsoom Bai Valika 医院外科。时间：2023 年 1 月至 2023 年 6 月：2023 年 1 月至 2023 年 6 月。材料与方法研究对象包括根据超声波或 CT 扫描确诊为急性阑尾炎的 18 岁以上男女患者。手术方法由值班外科医生团队根据其经验和偏好决定。患者被分为两组，即开放式阑尾切除术（OA）和腹腔镜阑尾切除术（LA）。两组患者均在术后 12 小时和 24 小时使用视觉模拟量表评估疼痛情况。结果显示腹腔镜阑尾切除术组的平均年龄为（38.94±7.90）岁，而腹腔镜阑尾切除术组的平均年龄为（40.92±8.37）岁。LA 组的平均体重指数为（36.75±8.50）kg/m2，OA 组为（37.56±6.22）kg/m2。在评估第12小时（4.62±2.01 vs 5.28±1.91，P=0.027）和第24小时（3.08±1.49 vs 3.64±1.61，P=0.017）的疼痛评分时，LA组的疼痛评分低于OA组。结论与 OA 相比，LA 在减轻急性阑尾炎患者术后疼痛方面更胜一筹。
{"title":"Comparison of post operative pain between open and laparoscopic appendectomy in acute appendicitis.","authors":"Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Ghayasuddin, Wahb, Pir Islam, Zakir, Zafar Ali, Khadijah Abid","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7772","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare post-operative pain between open and laparoscopic appendectomy in patients diagnosed with appendicitis presenting at a tertiary care hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: Department of Surgery, Kulsoom Bai Valika Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: January 2023 to June 2023. Material & Methods: The study included patients aged above 18 years of both genders, diagnosed with acute appendicitis based on ultrasound or CT scan. The decision regarding the surgical procedure was made by the surgeon team on call according to their experience and preference. Patients were divided into two groups, i.e., open appendectomy (OA) and laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). Pain in both groups was assessed at 12 hours and 24 hours after surgery using visual analogue scale. Results: The LA group had a mean age of 38.94±7.90 years, while the OA group had a mean age of 40.92±8.37 years. The mean BMI in the LA group was 36.75±8.50 kg/m2, and in the OA group, it was 37.56±6.22 kg/m2. When evaluating pain scores at the 12th (4.62±2.01 vs 5.28±1.91, p=0.027) and 24th hours (3.08±1.49 vs 3.64±1.61, p=0.017), the LA group exhibited lower pain scores compared to the OA group. Conclusion: As compared to OA, LA is superior approach in terms of post-operative pain in patients with acute appendicitis.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139797700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7869
Sughandh Memon, Bhagwan Das, Noor un Nisa, Sarwat Anjum, Saima Rafique, Rafia Memon
Objective: To determine the influence of serum ferritin levels on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Period: July 2021 to December 2021. Material & Methods: A total of 180 patients of 30-60 years of age and either gender, and known cases of diabetes mellitus for ≥3 year duration were included. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data was recorded. HbA1c below 7% was labeled as good glycemic control while HbA1c above or equal to 7% was designated as poor glycemic control. The serum ferritin ≥307 μg/L was considered as raised. Association of glycemic control with respect to serum ferritin levels was noted. Results: In a total of 180 patients of T2DM, the mean age, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c were 53.62 ± 5.82 years, 11.91±4.92 years, and 12.41 ± 5.73% respectively. The mean serum ferritin was 512±22.53 ug/L, whereas serum ferritin was raised in 109 (60.5%). The serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in patients with poor glycemic control than those having good glycemic control (56.0% versus 44.0%, p=0.044). Conclusion: In contrast to individuals with good glycemic control, patients with poor glycemic control more frequently had elevated serum ferritin levels, according to the current study. In order to properly manage diabetes patients and prevent the negative effects of elevated serum ferritin levels, serum ferritin should be included in the usual screening protocol of diabetic patients while monitoring their glycemic status.
{"title":"Influence of serum ferritin on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Sughandh Memon, Bhagwan Das, Noor un Nisa, Sarwat Anjum, Saima Rafique, Rafia Memon","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7869","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the influence of serum ferritin levels on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Period: July 2021 to December 2021. Material & Methods: A total of 180 patients of 30-60 years of age and either gender, and known cases of diabetes mellitus for ≥3 year duration were included. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data was recorded. HbA1c below 7% was labeled as good glycemic control while HbA1c above or equal to 7% was designated as poor glycemic control. The serum ferritin ≥307 μg/L was considered as raised. Association of glycemic control with respect to serum ferritin levels was noted. Results: In a total of 180 patients of T2DM, the mean age, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c were 53.62 ± 5.82 years, 11.91±4.92 years, and 12.41 ± 5.73% respectively. The mean serum ferritin was 512±22.53 ug/L, whereas serum ferritin was raised in 109 (60.5%). The serum ferritin levels were significantly higher in patients with poor glycemic control than those having good glycemic control (56.0% versus 44.0%, p=0.044). Conclusion: In contrast to individuals with good glycemic control, patients with poor glycemic control more frequently had elevated serum ferritin levels, according to the current study. In order to properly manage diabetes patients and prevent the negative effects of elevated serum ferritin levels, serum ferritin should be included in the usual screening protocol of diabetic patients while monitoring their glycemic status.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"45 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7898
Syed Kashif ur Rahman, Muhammad Abbas Khan, Muzafar Ali Surhio, Ghulam Mahdi Jamro, Mashooque Ali Dasti, Mahmood Ul Hassan
Objective: To Investigate the Impact of Radial Artery Access on Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) Incidence. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar. Period: January 2021 to June 2022. Material & Methods: Patients aged ≥ 30 who have undergone cardiac catheterization procedures, with a focus on those who have undergone the procedure using radial artery access. Those patients who had pre-existing renal impairments or kidney diseases, with a history of contrast allergies, were included in the study. However, those patients who were under the age of < 30, had undergone cardiac catheterization procedures using femoral artery access, and with incomplete medical records were excluded. All the data were analyzed in SPSS version 26. Results: In our study involving 164 participants. Individuals who experienced CIN exhibited a considerably greater average age of 69.89 years when contrasted with the 66.86 years of those in the non-CIN category (p=0.03). Furthermore, a higher percentage of patients in the CIN group were aged 65 or older (35.1% vs. 11%, p<0.001), highlighting the increased vulnerability of older individuals to CIN. The timing of reperfusion therapy, indicated by the time-to-reperfusion, was significantly longer in the CIN group (6.2 ± 3.3 hours) compared to the non-CIN group (4.9 ± 3.7 hours, p=0.001), suggesting that delayed reperfusion may be a risk factor for CIN. Conclusion: Patients with anterior infarction, delayed reperfusion, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and higher serum creatinine levels were also more likely to develop CIN.
{"title":"Exploring the correlation between radial artery access and decreased occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy.","authors":"Syed Kashif ur Rahman, Muhammad Abbas Khan, Muzafar Ali Surhio, Ghulam Mahdi Jamro, Mashooque Ali Dasti, Mahmood Ul Hassan","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7898","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To Investigate the Impact of Radial Artery Access on Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) Incidence. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar. Period: January 2021 to June 2022. Material & Methods: Patients aged ≥ 30 who have undergone cardiac catheterization procedures, with a focus on those who have undergone the procedure using radial artery access. Those patients who had pre-existing renal impairments or kidney diseases, with a history of contrast allergies, were included in the study. However, those patients who were under the age of < 30, had undergone cardiac catheterization procedures using femoral artery access, and with incomplete medical records were excluded. All the data were analyzed in SPSS version 26. Results: In our study involving 164 participants. Individuals who experienced CIN exhibited a considerably greater average age of 69.89 years when contrasted with the 66.86 years of those in the non-CIN category (p=0.03). Furthermore, a higher percentage of patients in the CIN group were aged 65 or older (35.1% vs. 11%, p<0.001), highlighting the increased vulnerability of older individuals to CIN. The timing of reperfusion therapy, indicated by the time-to-reperfusion, was significantly longer in the CIN group (6.2 ± 3.3 hours) compared to the non-CIN group (4.9 ± 3.7 hours, p=0.001), suggesting that delayed reperfusion may be a risk factor for CIN. Conclusion: Patients with anterior infarction, delayed reperfusion, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and higher serum creatinine levels were also more likely to develop CIN.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"58 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139857180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To evaluate two groups (combination versus xylocaine alone) in terms of onset of motor block, duration of block, and postoperative analgesia following the release of the tourniquet. Study Design: Quasi Experimental study. Setting: Chaudhary Muhammad Akram Teaching & Research Hospital. Period: 01 June 2023 to 30 Nov 2023. Material & Methods: Quasi experimental study design with a sample of total 80 patients divided into two groups of 40 each (xylocaine alone & combination of xylocaine and dexmedetomidine) were selected by using non probability convenient sampling technique. Results: Combining dexmedetomidine with xylocaine in Bier's block for upper limb surgery demonstrated significant advantages. Group B exhibited faster onset (3.8 min), prolong motor block, and prolonged postoperative analgesia (12.4 hrs) compared to group A (xylocaine alone: 5.2 min onset & shorter postoperative analgesia 6.8 hrs). Dexmedetomidine enhanced post-operative pain control, showcasing its effectiveness in improving outcomes for Bier's block procedures. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine enhances Bier's block with xylocaine, providing faster onset, extended motor block, and superior post-operative analgesia for upper limb surgery.
{"title":"Comparison of effectiveness of combination of xylocaine and dexmedetomidine with xylocaine alone in biers block of upper limb.","authors":"Tahir Nazeer, Asif Rashid Alamgir, Sahir Shafiq, Umair Ahmed, Riaz Hussain, Umer Farooq","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.8080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.8080","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate two groups (combination versus xylocaine alone) in terms of onset of motor block, duration of block, and postoperative analgesia following the release of the tourniquet. Study Design: Quasi Experimental study. Setting: Chaudhary Muhammad Akram Teaching & Research Hospital. Period: 01 June 2023 to 30 Nov 2023. Material & Methods: Quasi experimental study design with a sample of total 80 patients divided into two groups of 40 each (xylocaine alone & combination of xylocaine and dexmedetomidine) were selected by using non probability convenient sampling technique. Results: Combining dexmedetomidine with xylocaine in Bier's block for upper limb surgery demonstrated significant advantages. Group B exhibited faster onset (3.8 min), prolong motor block, and prolonged postoperative analgesia (12.4 hrs) compared to group A (xylocaine alone: 5.2 min onset & shorter postoperative analgesia 6.8 hrs). Dexmedetomidine enhanced post-operative pain control, showcasing its effectiveness in improving outcomes for Bier's block procedures. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine enhances Bier's block with xylocaine, providing faster onset, extended motor block, and superior post-operative analgesia for upper limb surgery.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139858041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7870
Abdul Rabb Bhutto, Amanullah Abbasi, Shumaila Rafi, Khalil ur Rehman, Syed Tehseen Akhtar, Muhammad Hussain Haroon
Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of HDV in HBs Ag positive patients and the burden of true viral hepatitis infection (viremia) as evidenced by detectable either HBV DNA and/or HDV RNA (single or dual infection). Study Design: Cross-sectional Observational Study. Setting: Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital, Karachi, and OPD Saylani Welfare Trust, Karachi. Period: August 2021 to July 2022. Material & Methods: All patients of both genders with HBsAg positivity were included in the study. All included subjects underwent a process of evaluation through history, physical examination, baseline or specific laboratory tests of Anti HDV Ab and PCR for detection of HBV DNA and HDV RNA, if applicable, followed by classification of subjects as follows: group I: Only HBs Ag positive (no active infection), group II: HBs Ag positive along with HBV DNA detected by PCR (HBV infection), group III: HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab positive but no HBV or HDV viremia (no active infection), group IV: Both HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab positive with HBV viremia (HBV infection), group V: Both HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab are positive for HDV viremia (HDV infection), and group VI: Both HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab positive with both HBV and HDV viremia (Dual infection). Results: A total of 237 subject’s data were analyzed with a mean age of 29.03±9.262 years (range of 12 to 66 years), with males 143 (60.3%) and females 94 (39.7%), but dual infection was more prevalent in females, but statistically these differences turned out to be insignificant (p-0.061). According to age group, almost 89.5% of subjects were below the age of 40, while only 10.5 % were >40 years of age. Another significant finding in our results was that all 11 subjects in group VI (with dual viral infection) were under the age of 40 years. and this difference was statistically significant too (p 0.001), as shown in Table I. Conclusion: Our study highlighted that HDV is still prevalent in our part of the world and that it mainly affects younger age groups. Hence, it demands an urgent, extensive screening campaign of the masses to assess the exact HDV burden and offer preventive measures, including a vaccine against HBV. Otherwise, due to deficient treatment options, we have to lose the battle because this is the war and we are without weapons.
目的确定 HBs Ag 阳性患者中 HDV 的血清流行率，以及可检测到 HBV DNA 和/或 HDV RNA（单一或双重感染）的真正病毒性肝炎感染（病毒血症）的负担。研究设计：横断面观察研究。研究地点卡拉奇 Al-Tibri 医学院医院和卡拉奇 Saylani 福利信托公司手术室。时间： 2021 年 8 月至 2022 年 7 月2021 年 8 月至 2022 年 7 月。材料与方法研究对象包括所有 HBsAg 阳性的男女患者。所有受试者均通过病史、体格检查、抗 HDV 抗体的基线或特定实验室检测以及用于检测 HBV DNA 和 HDV RNA 的 PCR（如适用）进行了评估，然后将受试者分类如下：第一组：仅 HBsAg 阳性（无活动性感染）；第二组：HBsAg 阳性并通过 PCR 检测到 HBV DNA（HBV 感染）；第三组：HBsAg 阳性并通过 PCR 检测到 HBV DNA（HBV 感染）；第四组：HBsAg 阳性并通过 PCR 检测到 HBV DNA（HBV 感染）：第三组：HBs Ag 和 Anti HDV Ab 阳性，但无 HBV 或 HDV 病毒血症（无活动性感染）；第四组：HBs Ag 和 Anti HDV Ab 均阳性，伴有 HBV 病毒血症（HBV 感染）；第五组：HBs Ag 和 Anti HDV Ab 均阳性，伴有 HDV 病毒血症（HDV 感染）；第六组：HBs Ag 和 Anti HDV Ab 均阳性，伴有 HBV 和 HDV 病毒血症（双重感染）。结果共分析了 237 名受试者的数据，平均年龄为（29.03±9.262）岁（12 至 66 岁），其中男性 143 名（60.3%），女性 94 名（39.7%），但双重感染在女性中更为普遍，但从统计学角度来看，这些差异并不显著（P-0.061）。从年龄组来看，近 89.5%的受试者年龄在 40 岁以下，只有 10.5%的受试者年龄在 40 岁以上。如表 I 所示，我们的另一个重要发现是，第六组（双重病毒感染）的所有 11 名受试者的年龄都在 40 岁以下，这一差异在统计学上也是显著的（P 0.001）。结论我们的研究突出表明，HDV 在我国仍很流行，而且主要影响年轻群体。因此，需要紧急开展广泛的群众筛查活动，以评估 HDV 的确切负担，并提供预防措施，包括预防 HBV 的疫苗。否则，由于缺乏治疗方案，我们将输掉这场战争，因为这是一场没有武器的战争。
{"title":"Hepatitis D seroprevalence: An alarming situation and war without weapon.","authors":"Abdul Rabb Bhutto, Amanullah Abbasi, Shumaila Rafi, Khalil ur Rehman, Syed Tehseen Akhtar, Muhammad Hussain Haroon","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7870","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of HDV in HBs Ag positive patients and the burden of true viral hepatitis infection (viremia) as evidenced by detectable either HBV DNA and/or HDV RNA (single or dual infection). Study Design: Cross-sectional Observational Study. Setting: Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital, Karachi, and OPD Saylani Welfare Trust, Karachi. Period: August 2021 to July 2022. Material & Methods: All patients of both genders with HBsAg positivity were included in the study. All included subjects underwent a process of evaluation through history, physical examination, baseline or specific laboratory tests of Anti HDV Ab and PCR for detection of HBV DNA and HDV RNA, if applicable, followed by classification of subjects as follows: group I: Only HBs Ag positive (no active infection), group II: HBs Ag positive along with HBV DNA detected by PCR (HBV infection), group III: HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab positive but no HBV or HDV viremia (no active infection), group IV: Both HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab positive with HBV viremia (HBV infection), group V: Both HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab are positive for HDV viremia (HDV infection), and group VI: Both HBs Ag and Anti HDV Ab positive with both HBV and HDV viremia (Dual infection). Results: A total of 237 subject’s data were analyzed with a mean age of 29.03±9.262 years (range of 12 to 66 years), with males 143 (60.3%) and females 94 (39.7%), but dual infection was more prevalent in females, but statistically these differences turned out to be insignificant (p-0.061). According to age group, almost 89.5% of subjects were below the age of 40, while only 10.5 % were >40 years of age. Another significant finding in our results was that all 11 subjects in group VI (with dual viral infection) were under the age of 40 years. and this difference was statistically significant too (p 0.001), as shown in Table I. Conclusion: Our study highlighted that HDV is still prevalent in our part of the world and that it mainly affects younger age groups. Hence, it demands an urgent, extensive screening campaign of the masses to assess the exact HDV burden and offer preventive measures, including a vaccine against HBV. Otherwise, due to deficient treatment options, we have to lose the battle because this is the war and we are without weapons.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7955
Afaq Hussain, Muhammad Anwar, Ali Amjad Sheikh, Azam Khan
Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: NICU of Nishtar Hospital Multan, Pakistan. Period: January 2023 to June 2023. Material & Methods: We analyzed babied of both genders aged between 1 to 28 days admitted in NICU and undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) due to any reasons for a minimum duration of 2 days. Information like gender, age, residential status, gestational age, birth weight and mode of delivery were noted. During MV period, neonates were closely observed for VAP. Results: In a total of 189 neonates, 104 (55.0%) were boys. The mean age at the time of NICU admission was 4.6±4.2 days while 128 (67.7%) neonates were aged below 7 days. The mean gestational age was 33.5±4.6 weeks while 156 neonates were pre-term. The mean birth-weight was 1914±640 grams. Residential status of 113 (59.8%) neonates was rural. Mode of delivery was lower segment cesarean section in 160 (84.7%). The frequency of VAP was found in 51 (27.0%) neonates who underwent MV. Relatively young age (below 7 days, p=0.0089), pre-term birth (37 weeks, p=0.0342) and low birth weight (<2500 grams, p<0.0001) were found to have significant association with VAP. Conclusion: The frequency of VAP was high among neonates. Younger age, less gestational age and low birth weight were associated with VAP.
{"title":"Frequency and risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia at neonatal intensive care unit of Nishtar Hospital, Multan.","authors":"Afaq Hussain, Muhammad Anwar, Ali Amjad Sheikh, Azam Khan","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7955","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: NICU of Nishtar Hospital Multan, Pakistan. Period: January 2023 to June 2023. Material & Methods: We analyzed babied of both genders aged between 1 to 28 days admitted in NICU and undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) due to any reasons for a minimum duration of 2 days. Information like gender, age, residential status, gestational age, birth weight and mode of delivery were noted. During MV period, neonates were closely observed for VAP. Results: In a total of 189 neonates, 104 (55.0%) were boys. The mean age at the time of NICU admission was 4.6±4.2 days while 128 (67.7%) neonates were aged below 7 days. The mean gestational age was 33.5±4.6 weeks while 156 neonates were pre-term. The mean birth-weight was 1914±640 grams. Residential status of 113 (59.8%) neonates was rural. Mode of delivery was lower segment cesarean section in 160 (84.7%). The frequency of VAP was found in 51 (27.0%) neonates who underwent MV. Relatively young age (below 7 days, p=0.0089), pre-term birth (37 weeks, p=0.0342) and low birth weight (<2500 grams, p<0.0001) were found to have significant association with VAP. Conclusion: The frequency of VAP was high among neonates. Younger age, less gestational age and low birth weight were associated with VAP.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"65 7-8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To observe the effect of canagliflozin and glycyrrhizin in prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Setting: Animal House, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Period: March 2018 to August 2019. Material & Methods: It was an experimental study in which twenty-four adult healthy male Sprague- Dawley rats were categorized in four groups. All groups except normal control (A) were fed high fat high cholesterol diet throughout the study period. After 8 weeks group Disease Control (B) was administered distilled water, Glycyrrhizin treatment group (C) was given glycyrrhizin 60 mg/kg, Canagliflozin treatment group (D) was given canagliflozin 10 mg/kg. At the end of study, animals were sacrificed and liver tissue was prepared for histopathological analysis. Data was analyzed by SPSS 25 using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA followed by Mann Whitney U test. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Both showed significant lower grade of hepatic steatosis when compared to disease control. Canagliflozin treated group had significant decrease in hepatic steatosis, hepatic inflammation and ballooning than glycyrrhizin treated group. Conclusion: Glycyrrhizin halted the progression of fatty liver disease. The prevention of disease by canagliflozin infers their beneficial effect for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
{"title":"Effect of glycyrrhizin and canagliflozin on treatment of non alcoholic fatty liver disease in a rat model.","authors":"Nada Azam, Mahwash Malik, Akfish Zaheer, Rabab Miraj, Sadia Chiragh, Sadia Sharif","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.02.7644","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To observe the effect of canagliflozin and glycyrrhizin in prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Setting: Animal House, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Period: March 2018 to August 2019. Material & Methods: It was an experimental study in which twenty-four adult healthy male Sprague- Dawley rats were categorized in four groups. All groups except normal control (A) were fed high fat high cholesterol diet throughout the study period. After 8 weeks group Disease Control (B) was administered distilled water, Glycyrrhizin treatment group (C) was given glycyrrhizin 60 mg/kg, Canagliflozin treatment group (D) was given canagliflozin 10 mg/kg. At the end of study, animals were sacrificed and liver tissue was prepared for histopathological analysis. Data was analyzed by SPSS 25 using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA followed by Mann Whitney U test. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Both showed significant lower grade of hepatic steatosis when compared to disease control. Canagliflozin treated group had significant decrease in hepatic steatosis, hepatic inflammation and ballooning than glycyrrhizin treated group. Conclusion: Glycyrrhizin halted the progression of fatty liver disease. The prevention of disease by canagliflozin infers their beneficial effect for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139796143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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