Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7928
Bisma Iftikhar, Gulraiz Zulfiqar, Maham Azam, Moiz Ahmad
Objective: To determine the effect of treating the midface fracture on nutrition status, assessed via serum albumin and weight loss. Study Design: Prospective Observational Cohort Research. Setting: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College/Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Period: September 2022 to Feb 2023. Material & Methods: The research comprised patients receiving open reduction and internal fixation for mid-face fractures. Preliminary weight and next weight measurement taken were recorded three weeks later, and two months afterward for each subject throughout treatment. Initial weight and subsequent weight measurement taken were recorded during treatment for each study subject. Serum albumin was sampled during their first appointment and 1 month later. A final evaluation was conducted six weeks following the surgery. Results: A total of 60 patients undergoing open treatment for mid-face fractures aged over 12 years. The mean age of 28.47±9.520 years. There were 56(93.33%) males and 4(6.67%) female. Diagnosis of patients showed that there was a maximum of 30(50%) patients with fractures of both maxilla and zygomatic bone. The results of the study showed that the mean weight of the patients was 64.05±14.21 preoperatively with minimum weight. At 3 weeks mean weight was 61.44±13.76 while at 2 months mean weight was 62.31±13.99 kg. These results are following other studies. The results of the study showed that the mean albumin of the patients was 3.81±0.710 preoperatively with a minimum albumin level of 2.50 and a maximum of 5.50. At 1-month albumin level was 3.76±0.70, with a minimum level of 2.60 and a maximum of 5.50. Conclusion: Mid face fracture caused mild to moderate malnutrition in some cases so a protein diet was recommended to such patients post-treatment. Weight loss in the treatment of mandibular fractures is anticipated to be higher than in the treatment of midface fractures.
{"title":"Effect of treating Mid-Face fracture on nutritional status.","authors":"Bisma Iftikhar, Gulraiz Zulfiqar, Maham Azam, Moiz Ahmad","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7928","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the effect of treating the midface fracture on nutrition status, assessed via serum albumin and weight loss. Study Design: Prospective Observational Cohort Research. Setting: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College/Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Period: September 2022 to Feb 2023. Material & Methods: The research comprised patients receiving open reduction and internal fixation for mid-face fractures. Preliminary weight and next weight measurement taken were recorded three weeks later, and two months afterward for each subject throughout treatment. Initial weight and subsequent weight measurement taken were recorded during treatment for each study subject. Serum albumin was sampled during their first appointment and 1 month later. A final evaluation was conducted six weeks following the surgery. Results: A total of 60 patients undergoing open treatment for mid-face fractures aged over 12 years. The mean age of 28.47±9.520 years. There were 56(93.33%) males and 4(6.67%) female. Diagnosis of patients showed that there was a maximum of 30(50%) patients with fractures of both maxilla and zygomatic bone. The results of the study showed that the mean weight of the patients was 64.05±14.21 preoperatively with minimum weight. At 3 weeks mean weight was 61.44±13.76 while at 2 months mean weight was 62.31±13.99 kg. These results are following other studies. The results of the study showed that the mean albumin of the patients was 3.81±0.710 preoperatively with a minimum albumin level of 2.50 and a maximum of 5.50. At 1-month albumin level was 3.76±0.70, with a minimum level of 2.60 and a maximum of 5.50. Conclusion: Mid face fracture caused mild to moderate malnutrition in some cases so a protein diet was recommended to such patients post-treatment. Weight loss in the treatment of mandibular fractures is anticipated to be higher than in the treatment of midface fractures.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7941
Quaiynat Amin Khan, Abdul Hameed Kiani, Nisar Ahmed, Tahir Ahamd Munir, Nasim Ilyas, Miss Abeer Tahir
Objective: To access the prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine, of Tertiary Care Hospital of Islamabad. Period: 17th July 2023 to 17th October 2023. Material & Methods: WHO calculator was used to calculate the sample size and 100 subjects were selected fulfilling the inclusion criteria (Both male and female of age 18 to 65 years retained in ER or admitted with the diagnosis of ACS). Blood samples were obtained for baseline investigations including blood sugar and HBA1C. Results were entered on EXCEL Sheets and analyzed using SPSS V.20. Results: The data showed 47% males, 70% of the participants belonging to the age group 41-65 years ACS presenting with STEMI in 37%, 40% patients with NSTEMI and unstable angina was found in 23%. The Mean BMI was 27±3.2SD mean HBA1C level was 4.3±1.7SD and the mean FBG was 129±17.9SD. Among all the male patients, there were (27.65%) patients with undiagnosed T2DM while among all the female patients, (18.8%) were reported with undiagnosed T2DM. Conclusion: A high prevalence of undiagnosed DM was observed in ACS patients admitted to tertiary care hospital. Research work done in developing countries showed data which was consistent with our study, however, research data from developed world was in contrast to our study.
{"title":"To access the prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with acute coronary syndrome.","authors":"Quaiynat Amin Khan, Abdul Hameed Kiani, Nisar Ahmed, Tahir Ahamd Munir, Nasim Ilyas, Miss Abeer Tahir","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7941","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To access the prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine, of Tertiary Care Hospital of Islamabad. Period: 17th July 2023 to 17th October 2023. Material & Methods: WHO calculator was used to calculate the sample size and 100 subjects were selected fulfilling the inclusion criteria (Both male and female of age 18 to 65 years retained in ER or admitted with the diagnosis of ACS). Blood samples were obtained for baseline investigations including blood sugar and HBA1C. Results were entered on EXCEL Sheets and analyzed using SPSS V.20. Results: The data showed 47% males, 70% of the participants belonging to the age group 41-65 years ACS presenting with STEMI in 37%, 40% patients with NSTEMI and unstable angina was found in 23%. The Mean BMI was 27±3.2SD mean HBA1C level was 4.3±1.7SD and the mean FBG was 129±17.9SD. Among all the male patients, there were (27.65%) patients with undiagnosed T2DM while among all the female patients, (18.8%) were reported with undiagnosed T2DM. Conclusion: A high prevalence of undiagnosed DM was observed in ACS patients admitted to tertiary care hospital. Research work done in developing countries showed data which was consistent with our study, however, research data from developed world was in contrast to our study.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7908
Rashad Mahmood, Misbah Batool, Najma Majeed, Zara Shoukat, Ahmad Munir Qureshi, Muhammad Shoaib
Objectives: To evaluate serum calcium, assess creatinine's muscle function marker, and analyze BUN as a protein metabolism indicator in renal failure. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tehsil Samahni District Bhimber Kashmir. Period: April 2020 to July 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 90 subjects, including 60 with renal failure and 30 healthy individuals from Tehsil Samahni District Bhimber Kashmir registered with THQ hospital for dialysis, were categorized by age and gender. Blood samples were collected after the written consent of each patient and analyzed for serum calcium, serum creatinine, and BUN using an automated analyzer. Ninety subjects were divided into groups based on age and gender. Blood samples were collected and subjected to serum calcium, serum creatinine, and BUN assays using an automated analyzer to evaluate renal function and calcium homeostasis. Results: Serum creatinine levels were significantly elevated in all renal failure groups compared to the healthy group, indicating impaired renal function. However, serum calcium levels remained relatively stable across all groups. Notably, BUN levels were significantly higher in all renal failure groups except for females aged 1-40 years. Conclusion: Renal failure is indicated by elevated serum creatinine, highlighting kidney dysfunction, while serum calcium stability may not be indicative of renal failure. Elevated BUN levels imply disrupted protein metabolism, underlining the complex role of these biomarkers in renal health, and necessitating refinement of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for renal diseases.
{"title":"Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) levels in renal failure: Unraveling the complex interplay of protein metabolism and kidney health.","authors":"Rashad Mahmood, Misbah Batool, Najma Majeed, Zara Shoukat, Ahmad Munir Qureshi, Muhammad Shoaib","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7908","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate serum calcium, assess creatinine's muscle function marker, and analyze BUN as a protein metabolism indicator in renal failure. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tehsil Samahni District Bhimber Kashmir. Period: April 2020 to July 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 90 subjects, including 60 with renal failure and 30 healthy individuals from Tehsil Samahni District Bhimber Kashmir registered with THQ hospital for dialysis, were categorized by age and gender. Blood samples were collected after the written consent of each patient and analyzed for serum calcium, serum creatinine, and BUN using an automated analyzer. Ninety subjects were divided into groups based on age and gender. Blood samples were collected and subjected to serum calcium, serum creatinine, and BUN assays using an automated analyzer to evaluate renal function and calcium homeostasis. Results: Serum creatinine levels were significantly elevated in all renal failure groups compared to the healthy group, indicating impaired renal function. However, serum calcium levels remained relatively stable across all groups. Notably, BUN levels were significantly higher in all renal failure groups except for females aged 1-40 years. Conclusion: Renal failure is indicated by elevated serum creatinine, highlighting kidney dysfunction, while serum calcium stability may not be indicative of renal failure. Elevated BUN levels imply disrupted protein metabolism, underlining the complex role of these biomarkers in renal health, and necessitating refinement of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for renal diseases.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"43 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7988
Ravi Kumar, Fakhir Raza, Haidri, Nazia Arain, Adnan Abbas Rizvi, Heeralal, Ramesh Kumar, Dr. Ravi Kumar
Objective: To determine the pre-morbid frailty and its association with in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: ICU of Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: December 2022 to July 2023. Material & Methods: Patients of age 18 years or older, admitted to the ICU were included. Frailty was defined as per Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Detailed history was taken to assess frailty status two weeks prior to hospital admission. Patients were classified as pre-morbid frail if their score was higher than 4. Results: Total 151 patients were analyzed with median age of 47 (IQR= 33-59) years. There were 106 (70.2%) male patients, whereas and 92 (60.9%) were having comorbidities. Median CFS score was 4 (IQR=3-5). Out of 151 patients admitted to ICU, 56 (37.1%) had frail. Odds of frailty were increasing with increasing age and among those who had comorbidity. Mechanical ventilation (MV) days (p=0.234), hemodynamic support days (p=0.216) and LOS (p=0.903) were not significantly different among frail and non-frail patients. Nearly half of the patients had died (49%). Mortality was noted in 74 (49.0%) patients. Need of MV, hemodynamic support, APACHEII and SOFA score were associated with mortality (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was considerable burden of frailty among critically ill patients admitted in ICU. However, in-hospital outcomes including mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic support and mortality were not associated with frailty status.
{"title":"Effect of pre-morbid frailty status on in hospital mortality in critically ill patients.","authors":"Ravi Kumar, Fakhir Raza, Haidri, Nazia Arain, Adnan Abbas Rizvi, Heeralal, Ramesh Kumar, Dr. Ravi Kumar","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7988","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the pre-morbid frailty and its association with in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: ICU of Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: December 2022 to July 2023. Material & Methods: Patients of age 18 years or older, admitted to the ICU were included. Frailty was defined as per Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Detailed history was taken to assess frailty status two weeks prior to hospital admission. Patients were classified as pre-morbid frail if their score was higher than 4. Results: Total 151 patients were analyzed with median age of 47 (IQR= 33-59) years. There were 106 (70.2%) male patients, whereas and 92 (60.9%) were having comorbidities. Median CFS score was 4 (IQR=3-5). Out of 151 patients admitted to ICU, 56 (37.1%) had frail. Odds of frailty were increasing with increasing age and among those who had comorbidity. Mechanical ventilation (MV) days (p=0.234), hemodynamic support days (p=0.216) and LOS (p=0.903) were not significantly different among frail and non-frail patients. Nearly half of the patients had died (49%). Mortality was noted in 74 (49.0%) patients. Need of MV, hemodynamic support, APACHEII and SOFA score were associated with mortality (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was considerable burden of frailty among critically ill patients admitted in ICU. However, in-hospital outcomes including mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic support and mortality were not associated with frailty status.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7897
Syed Kashif ur Rahman, M. A. Khan, Muzafar Ali Surhio, M. H. Kalwar, Mashooq Ali Dasti, Mahmood Ul Hassan, Dr. Muhammad Abbas Khan
Objective: To investigate the TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) score as a predictive tool for assessing the severity of coronary artery disease in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Prospective, Observational Cohort study. Setting: Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. Period: January 2021 to June 2022. Material & Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with STEMI to the emergency department of the participating hospital was considered for inclusion. Inclusion criteria were including patients aged 21 years or older, with symptoms consistent with STEMI and ST-segment elevation of at least 1 mm in two or more contiguous leads on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Patients with a known history of coronary artery disease or previous myocardial infarction were excluded from the study. Results: The age of the patients ranged widely, with a mean±SD age of 60.18±15.38 years. Gender distribution showed a predominance of males, constituting 67.79% of the sample, while females accounted for 32.20%. In terms of comorbidities, 22.03% of patients were obese, 52.54% had diabetes mellitus, 18.64% had hypertension, 25.42% had hyperlipidemia, 11.86% had a family history of myocardial infarction, and 47.45% were smokers. Moderate risk group shows a lower incidence at 71.11%, and the High risk group has the lowest incidence at 50%. The p-value for this comparison is highly significant at 0.0001, indicating that there is a substantial difference in the occurrence of LV dysfunction among these risk groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a strong association between TIMI risk groups and the occurrence of post-myocardial infarction complications, including LV dysfunction, arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and death.
{"title":"TIMI score as a predictor of severity of coronary artery disease in patients with STEMI.","authors":"Syed Kashif ur Rahman, M. A. Khan, Muzafar Ali Surhio, M. H. Kalwar, Mashooq Ali Dasti, Mahmood Ul Hassan, Dr. Muhammad Abbas Khan","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7897","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) score as a predictive tool for assessing the severity of coronary artery disease in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Prospective, Observational Cohort study. Setting: Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. Period: January 2021 to June 2022. Material & Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with STEMI to the emergency department of the participating hospital was considered for inclusion. Inclusion criteria were including patients aged 21 years or older, with symptoms consistent with STEMI and ST-segment elevation of at least 1 mm in two or more contiguous leads on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Patients with a known history of coronary artery disease or previous myocardial infarction were excluded from the study. Results: The age of the patients ranged widely, with a mean±SD age of 60.18±15.38 years. Gender distribution showed a predominance of males, constituting 67.79% of the sample, while females accounted for 32.20%. In terms of comorbidities, 22.03% of patients were obese, 52.54% had diabetes mellitus, 18.64% had hypertension, 25.42% had hyperlipidemia, 11.86% had a family history of myocardial infarction, and 47.45% were smokers. Moderate risk group shows a lower incidence at 71.11%, and the High risk group has the lowest incidence at 50%. The p-value for this comparison is highly significant at 0.0001, indicating that there is a substantial difference in the occurrence of LV dysfunction among these risk groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a strong association between TIMI risk groups and the occurrence of post-myocardial infarction complications, including LV dysfunction, arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and death.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"17 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7978
Muhammad Ammar, Madeeha Ghafoor, Shahbaz Hussain, Ammar Azam, Syed Muhammad Bahar, Ali Bukhari, Yumna Zaheer
Objective: To compare the frequency of new onset perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft with and without long cross clamp time. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Setting: Department of Cardiac Surgery at the CH. Muhammad Akram Teaching and Research, Lahore. Period: 10th Feb 2023 to 10th June 2023. Material & Methods: Patients were admitted through out-patient department one week prior to the operation and randomized to Group L (longer aortic cross-clamp time) and Group S (shorter time). Preoperative electrocardiogram was recorded for every patient. After surgery patients were shifted to intensive care unit. Development of perioperative myocardial infarction was the major outcome variable. Results: In our study, frequency of perioperative myocardial infarction in both groups was 7% in Group-L and 3% in Group-S with a p value was 0.19. Conclusion: In summary, our study sheds light on the notable difference in the frequency of perioperative myocardial infarction among patients undergoing CABG, particularly in relation to cross clamp time. While our findings present valuable insights, the necessity for further validation through multicenter trials with a larger sample size is evident.
{"title":"Neo-onset myocardial infraction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft with and without long cross clamp time.","authors":"Muhammad Ammar, Madeeha Ghafoor, Shahbaz Hussain, Ammar Azam, Syed Muhammad Bahar, Ali Bukhari, Yumna Zaheer","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7978","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the frequency of new onset perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft with and without long cross clamp time. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Setting: Department of Cardiac Surgery at the CH. Muhammad Akram Teaching and Research, Lahore. Period: 10th Feb 2023 to 10th June 2023. Material & Methods: Patients were admitted through out-patient department one week prior to the operation and randomized to Group L (longer aortic cross-clamp time) and Group S (shorter time). Preoperative electrocardiogram was recorded for every patient. After surgery patients were shifted to intensive care unit. Development of perioperative myocardial infarction was the major outcome variable. Results: In our study, frequency of perioperative myocardial infarction in both groups was 7% in Group-L and 3% in Group-S with a p value was 0.19. Conclusion: In summary, our study sheds light on the notable difference in the frequency of perioperative myocardial infarction among patients undergoing CABG, particularly in relation to cross clamp time. While our findings present valuable insights, the necessity for further validation through multicenter trials with a larger sample size is evident.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"70 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7918
Samia Ghulam Mohammad, Tasneem Ashraf, Khadija Farrukh, Samina Rehan Khan, Amera Tariq, Ayesha Arif
Objective: To determine the frequency of surgical site wound infection and factors responsible for it following emergency Caesarean section performed in, PNS SHIFA Hospital Karachi. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PNS SHIFA Hospital Karachi. Period: 4th July 2021 to 4th January 2022. Material & Methods: Three hundred eleven women with term pregnancy undergoing emergency Caesarean section for maternal or foetal indications were included in this study. Wound inspection for signs of infection was done every day. Factors responsible of causing wound infection were noted from the discharge card. All the information was recorded on a preformed questionnaire. Results: 62(19.94%) of 311 women experienced surgical site wound infections in which prolonged duration of rupture of membranes was the commonest factors i.e. 51.6% (32/62), prolong duration of labor before operation 29%(18/62) and excessive volume of intra operative blood loss 29% (18/62). Conclusion: It is concluded there is a need to adopt specific preventative measures to decrease the frequency of identified factors so that the frequency of wound infection after the emergency caesarean section can be controlled with decreasing maternal morbidity and reduce hospital stays and thus, reducing the cost of treatment.
{"title":"Surgical site wound infection rates and its risk factors following emergency caesarean sections.","authors":"Samia Ghulam Mohammad, Tasneem Ashraf, Khadija Farrukh, Samina Rehan Khan, Amera Tariq, Ayesha Arif","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7918","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of surgical site wound infection and factors responsible for it following emergency Caesarean section performed in, PNS SHIFA Hospital Karachi. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PNS SHIFA Hospital Karachi. Period: 4th July 2021 to 4th January 2022. Material & Methods: Three hundred eleven women with term pregnancy undergoing emergency Caesarean section for maternal or foetal indications were included in this study. Wound inspection for signs of infection was done every day. Factors responsible of causing wound infection were noted from the discharge card. All the information was recorded on a preformed questionnaire. Results: 62(19.94%) of 311 women experienced surgical site wound infections in which prolonged duration of rupture of membranes was the commonest factors i.e. 51.6% (32/62), prolong duration of labor before operation 29%(18/62) and excessive volume of intra operative blood loss 29% (18/62). Conclusion: It is concluded there is a need to adopt specific preventative measures to decrease the frequency of identified factors so that the frequency of wound infection after the emergency caesarean section can be controlled with decreasing maternal morbidity and reduce hospital stays and thus, reducing the cost of treatment.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"101 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140079937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the frequency of hypomagnesemia in neonate with hypocalcemic seizures presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive Study. Setting: Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Hospital in Sukkur. Period: 1st May 2022 to 31st October 2022. Material & Methods: The research involved a group of 157 infants who had experienced seizures due to low calcium levels. A proficient phlebotomist with over two years of experience drew a 3cc venous blood sample from each participant, which was subsequently sent to the hospital laboratory for analysis. The serum magnesium levels were determined, and hypomagnesemia was defined as a magnesium level below 1.7mg/dl. These findings were meticulously documented in the attached annexure proforma. Results: A total of 157 infants presented with hypocalcemic seizures were included in this study. The average age of the infants was 6.31±4.62 days. Frequency of hypomagnesemia in neonate with hypocalcemic seizures was 28.9% (44/157) infants. The data indicates that exclusively breastfed neonates have the highest prevalence of hypomagnesaemia at 41%, while those exclusively formula fed have the lowest at 22.2%. However, the p-value of 0.110 suggests that these differences are not statistically significant, indicating that feeding status may not be a major contributor to hypomagnesaemia in neonates. The prevalence of hypomagnesaemia is higher in the 6.6-7 mg/dl range (31.7%) compared to the 5-6.5 mg/dl range (25.5%). Conclusion: In our research, the occurrence of low magnesium levels in newborns experiencing seizures due to low calcium levels is more prevalent among infants. This typically indicates the presence of both vitamin D deficiency and hypomagnesemia simultaneously, and can be effectively addressed with short-term therapy. Newborns who have seizures and are diagnosed with low calcium levels are unlikely to gain any advantages from neuroimaging assessments.
{"title":"Frequency of hypomagnemsemia in neonate with hypocalcemic seizures presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Waqar Ahmed, Aisha Kiran, Fareeda, Mahesh Kumar, Moomal Imdad, Sajid Ali","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7879","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of hypomagnesemia in neonate with hypocalcemic seizures presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive Study. Setting: Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Hospital in Sukkur. Period: 1st May 2022 to 31st October 2022. Material & Methods: The research involved a group of 157 infants who had experienced seizures due to low calcium levels. A proficient phlebotomist with over two years of experience drew a 3cc venous blood sample from each participant, which was subsequently sent to the hospital laboratory for analysis. The serum magnesium levels were determined, and hypomagnesemia was defined as a magnesium level below 1.7mg/dl. These findings were meticulously documented in the attached annexure proforma. Results: A total of 157 infants presented with hypocalcemic seizures were included in this study. The average age of the infants was 6.31±4.62 days. Frequency of hypomagnesemia in neonate with hypocalcemic seizures was 28.9% (44/157) infants. The data indicates that exclusively breastfed neonates have the highest prevalence of hypomagnesaemia at 41%, while those exclusively formula fed have the lowest at 22.2%. However, the p-value of 0.110 suggests that these differences are not statistically significant, indicating that feeding status may not be a major contributor to hypomagnesaemia in neonates. The prevalence of hypomagnesaemia is higher in the 6.6-7 mg/dl range (31.7%) compared to the 5-6.5 mg/dl range (25.5%). Conclusion: In our research, the occurrence of low magnesium levels in newborns experiencing seizures due to low calcium levels is more prevalent among infants. This typically indicates the presence of both vitamin D deficiency and hypomagnesemia simultaneously, and can be effectively addressed with short-term therapy. Newborns who have seizures and are diagnosed with low calcium levels are unlikely to gain any advantages from neuroimaging assessments.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7719
Myocardial Infarction, Imran Khan, Muhammad Irfan, Fazila Khan, A. E. Refy, Zahid Khan, Yaqzan Obeidat
Objective: To study the optimal timing of Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Study Design: Retrospective Cross-sectional study. Setting: Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore. Period: January 2019 to January 2023. Material & Methods: Patients who underwent on pump CABG grafting after MI were included in the study and divided into those who had surgery within 7 days (early surgery group) and those who had surgery after 7 days (late surgery group). Those with additional cardiac procedures, operated in emergency and those who underwent redo procedures were excluded from the study. Patients were followed for 30 days. Data was collected on pre-formed proformas and analyzed using IBM SPSS software (version 23, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: A total of 475 patients ((early surgery group, 224), (late surgery group, 251) were included in the study. Mean age was 52.75 ± 7.7 years. NSTEMI was significantly more in patients with early surgery (161) (71.9%) compared to 99 (39.3%) in the late group (p= 0.01). Intraoperatively, cross clamp time and bypass time was similar in both the groups (p=0.81 and 0.15 respectively). Mortality was (1.3%) in the early surgery group and 3 (1.2%) in the late operation group. Conclusion: Patients who suffered from myocardial infarction can undergo surgery after the acute phase with acceptable mortality and morbidity compared to those operated late.
{"title":"Timing of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with myocardial infarction. Is the earlier the better?","authors":"Myocardial Infarction, Imran Khan, Muhammad Irfan, Fazila Khan, A. E. Refy, Zahid Khan, Yaqzan Obeidat","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7719","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the optimal timing of Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Study Design: Retrospective Cross-sectional study. Setting: Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore. Period: January 2019 to January 2023. Material & Methods: Patients who underwent on pump CABG grafting after MI were included in the study and divided into those who had surgery within 7 days (early surgery group) and those who had surgery after 7 days (late surgery group). Those with additional cardiac procedures, operated in emergency and those who underwent redo procedures were excluded from the study. Patients were followed for 30 days. Data was collected on pre-formed proformas and analyzed using IBM SPSS software (version 23, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: A total of 475 patients ((early surgery group, 224), (late surgery group, 251) were included in the study. Mean age was 52.75 ± 7.7 years. NSTEMI was significantly more in patients with early surgery (161) (71.9%) compared to 99 (39.3%) in the late group (p= 0.01). Intraoperatively, cross clamp time and bypass time was similar in both the groups (p=0.81 and 0.15 respectively). Mortality was (1.3%) in the early surgery group and 3 (1.2%) in the late operation group. Conclusion: Patients who suffered from myocardial infarction can undergo surgery after the acute phase with acceptable mortality and morbidity compared to those operated late.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"66 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7603
Uzma Arshad, Bushra Ijaz, Kamran Adil
Objective: To determine the prevalence of anemia among children aged 2-5 years in slum area of Multan and also to detect the associated factors of this condition. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Slum Area (Jahangirabad) of Multan. Period: February 2023 to March 2023. Material & Methods: A total of 369 children of 2-5 years of age, not suffering from psycho-motor retardation, hormonal disorders, chronic debilitating diseases, congenital heart diseases, or acute severe illnesses were included in study using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Information was taken by using a pretested questionnaire. Results: The mean age was 3.5 and SD ±2.2. The prevalence of anemia was 55.83% (n=369). About 51.46% of anemic children had mild anemia. There was no gender variation in occurrence of anemia (p = 0.52). There was significant association between mother’s education, occupation and anemia respectively (p = 0.01, 0.00). Conclusion: Anemia is a growing health issue in our new generation and government and health professional should manage this issue.
{"title":"Anemia and its associated factors in children aged 2-5 years in slum area of Multan.","authors":"Uzma Arshad, Bushra Ijaz, Kamran Adil","doi":"10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.03.7603","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of anemia among children aged 2-5 years in slum area of Multan and also to detect the associated factors of this condition. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Slum Area (Jahangirabad) of Multan. Period: February 2023 to March 2023. Material & Methods: A total of 369 children of 2-5 years of age, not suffering from psycho-motor retardation, hormonal disorders, chronic debilitating diseases, congenital heart diseases, or acute severe illnesses were included in study using non-probability convenient sampling technique. Information was taken by using a pretested questionnaire. Results: The mean age was 3.5 and SD ±2.2. The prevalence of anemia was 55.83% (n=369). About 51.46% of anemic children had mild anemia. There was no gender variation in occurrence of anemia (p = 0.52). There was significant association between mother’s education, occupation and anemia respectively (p = 0.01, 0.00). Conclusion: Anemia is a growing health issue in our new generation and government and health professional should manage this issue.","PeriodicalId":22991,"journal":{"name":"The professional medical journal","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：