Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202257
G.H. Massiha, C.T.M. Chen
The excess electrical noise in aluminum and aluminum alloy thin films were measured. The magnitude and frequency exponent for noise spectra of 1/f/sup alpha / were measured as a function of the sample temperature and current density. Two different regions in plots of normalized 1/f/sup alpha / noise magnitude, with alpha between 1.2 and 2.2. versus inverse temperature were observed. The time dependence experiment on excess noise of aluminum showed 1/f/sup alpha /, with alpha larger than 2.2, noise spectra during later stages of the electromigration process.<>
{"title":"Reliability test of interconnections using electrical noise measurement","authors":"G.H. Massiha, C.T.M. Chen","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202257","url":null,"abstract":"The excess electrical noise in aluminum and aluminum alloy thin films were measured. The magnitude and frequency exponent for noise spectra of 1/f/sup alpha / were measured as a function of the sample temperature and current density. Two different regions in plots of normalized 1/f/sup alpha / noise magnitude, with alpha between 1.2 and 2.2. versus inverse temperature were observed. The time dependence experiment on excess noise of aluminum showed 1/f/sup alpha /, with alpha larger than 2.2, noise spectra during later stages of the electromigration process.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115133131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202429
E. Nichols
A sensor was developed which utilized the psychrometric process and produced an output proportional to percent relative humidity compatible with existing industry control devices. The wet- and dry-bulb sensors were comprised of two temperature sensors which had already been used successfully for thermostats for poultry farming control systems. A mechanical timer was utilized to automate the psychrometric process. The wet- and dry-bulb signals were digitized, and the result was used to address a psychrometric table stored in read-only memory (ROM) chips. The output from the ROMs was then converted to an analog signal for display and for use by a control system. The testing of the sensor demonstrated that it would produce the proper output within a tolerance of 1% for a range of several known humidities.<>
{"title":"An automatic psychrometer sensor for poultry farming","authors":"E. Nichols","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202429","url":null,"abstract":"A sensor was developed which utilized the psychrometric process and produced an output proportional to percent relative humidity compatible with existing industry control devices. The wet- and dry-bulb sensors were comprised of two temperature sensors which had already been used successfully for thermostats for poultry farming control systems. A mechanical timer was utilized to automate the psychrometric process. The wet- and dry-bulb signals were digitized, and the result was used to address a psychrometric table stored in read-only memory (ROM) chips. The output from the ROMs was then converted to an analog signal for display and for use by a control system. The testing of the sensor demonstrated that it would produce the proper output within a tolerance of 1% for a range of several known humidities.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133670986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202404
J. Reynaud, P. Pillay
The authors examine the modeling of induction motors including saturation of the magnetic core. The motor's magnetizing inductances are modeled by nonlinear functions of their exciting currents. The well-known D-Q axis model is used, and a stationary reference frame is chosen. Simulation was done by using PSpice. Results are presented for both saturated and unsaturated operation.<>
{"title":"Modeling of saturation effects in the magnetizing branch of an induction motor using PSpice","authors":"J. Reynaud, P. Pillay","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202404","url":null,"abstract":"The authors examine the modeling of induction motors including saturation of the magnetic core. The motor's magnetizing inductances are modeled by nonlinear functions of their exciting currents. The well-known D-Q axis model is used, and a stationary reference frame is chosen. Simulation was done by using PSpice. Results are presented for both saturated and unsaturated operation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133982686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202435
A. S. Parrish
Software testing cannot guarantee that a program is at least correct with respect to the inputs over which the program was tested. This is a problem when testing concurrent programs, or could also be due to the possibility of a mistake in evaluating the results of a test of a sequential program. It is shown that, even if such evaluation mistakes are eliminated, testing still cannot normally guarantee program correctness, even with respect to a single input, given most programming language implementations. Reasonably unrestrictive conditions on the language implementation are proposed to resolve this problem.<>
{"title":"Obtaining maximum confidence from unrevealing tests (software testing)","authors":"A. S. Parrish","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202435","url":null,"abstract":"Software testing cannot guarantee that a program is at least correct with respect to the inputs over which the program was tested. This is a problem when testing concurrent programs, or could also be due to the possibility of a mistake in evaluating the results of a test of a sequential program. It is shown that, even if such evaluation mistakes are eliminated, testing still cannot normally guarantee program correctness, even with respect to a single input, given most programming language implementations. Reasonably unrestrictive conditions on the language implementation are proposed to resolve this problem.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134474022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202287
K. Henson-Mack, H.C. Chen, D.C. Wester
CLAUDE is a hybrid expert system for differential diagnosis that combines a rule-based and probabilistic system, integrating their independent opinions with a neural network. CLAUDE's application was to classify 17 central auditory diagnostic areas by analyzing a client's case history. Two network structures were examined, one connecting only those nodes applying to the same class within a diagnostic area, and the other fully connected. CLAUDE performed much better than either a rule-based system or a probabilistic system and made correct judgments when neither system could provide a diagnosis. Furthermore, it was able to classify 75% correctly, even in the presence of incomplete data. Thus, two individual systems using different criteria and balanced by a neural network provided more accurate results than either a probabilistic or a rule-based system alone.<>
{"title":"Integrating probabilistic and rule-based systems for clinical differential diagnosis","authors":"K. Henson-Mack, H.C. Chen, D.C. Wester","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202287","url":null,"abstract":"CLAUDE is a hybrid expert system for differential diagnosis that combines a rule-based and probabilistic system, integrating their independent opinions with a neural network. CLAUDE's application was to classify 17 central auditory diagnostic areas by analyzing a client's case history. Two network structures were examined, one connecting only those nodes applying to the same class within a diagnostic area, and the other fully connected. CLAUDE performed much better than either a rule-based system or a probabilistic system and made correct judgments when neither system could provide a diagnosis. Furthermore, it was able to classify 75% correctly, even in the presence of incomplete data. Thus, two individual systems using different criteria and balanced by a neural network provided more accurate results than either a probabilistic or a rule-based system alone.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124495197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202364
H. Ma, Y. Liu
An automatic fault isolation technique to minimize fault isolation cost in digital systems is presented. Since the technique is implemented by additional hardware design instead of traditional software diagnostic procedures, the computation time and memory space required for fault isolation are eliminated. Two algorithms are developed, which specify the implementation of the design of the automatic fault isolation in terms of online or offline error detection, respectively. Based on the automatic fault isolation technique, highly available digital systems can be obtained since faults are isolated right after they are detected avoiding usual waiting time for fault isolation. Therefore, the recovery process can be executed as soon as possible. This technique has the ability to isolate intermittent faults while an online testing scheme is adopted in digital systems. The hardware overhead of the automatic fault isolation design is about 2% depending on digital system structures.<>
{"title":"Automatic fault isolation techniques for digital systems","authors":"H. Ma, Y. Liu","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202364","url":null,"abstract":"An automatic fault isolation technique to minimize fault isolation cost in digital systems is presented. Since the technique is implemented by additional hardware design instead of traditional software diagnostic procedures, the computation time and memory space required for fault isolation are eliminated. Two algorithms are developed, which specify the implementation of the design of the automatic fault isolation in terms of online or offline error detection, respectively. Based on the automatic fault isolation technique, highly available digital systems can be obtained since faults are isolated right after they are detected avoiding usual waiting time for fault isolation. Therefore, the recovery process can be executed as soon as possible. This technique has the ability to isolate intermittent faults while an online testing scheme is adopted in digital systems. The hardware overhead of the automatic fault isolation design is about 2% depending on digital system structures.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131718298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202360
R. David, W. P. Wheless
Using a variety of computed radiation pattern profiles and a limited measurements program, the authors document some characteristics of endfire radiation from low-elevation horizontal wire dipole antennas. The numerical electromagnetics code (NEC) is used to investigate radiation pattern profiles selected to show the features of the endfire radiation. The on-axis field predicted from NEC is compared to measured values for an 18.1 MHz lambda /2 dipole at several heights above real ground to illustrate the reliability of the predictions of the code.<>
{"title":"Endfire radiation characteristics of HF horizontal dipoles near the Earth's surface","authors":"R. David, W. P. Wheless","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202360","url":null,"abstract":"Using a variety of computed radiation pattern profiles and a limited measurements program, the authors document some characteristics of endfire radiation from low-elevation horizontal wire dipole antennas. The numerical electromagnetics code (NEC) is used to investigate radiation pattern profiles selected to show the features of the endfire radiation. The on-axis field predicted from NEC is compared to measured values for an 18.1 MHz lambda /2 dipole at several heights above real ground to illustrate the reliability of the predictions of the code.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131994979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202356
Y. Alsaka, R. Zuniga
The authors describe an elegant coding scheme that resulted in more than a 120:1 compression ratio of the speech signal. This technique is derived from the linear contractivity method of image coding and generation. The difference between the fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) of two consecutive speech frames is considered to be a two-dimensional image, then through various transformations a set of rules that represent this image are deduced. These rules can be used to reconstruct this difference and ultimately the speech signal itself with minimum loss in the signal content.<>
{"title":"Linear contractivity speech coding","authors":"Y. Alsaka, R. Zuniga","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202356","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe an elegant coding scheme that resulted in more than a 120:1 compression ratio of the speech signal. This technique is derived from the linear contractivity method of image coding and generation. The difference between the fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) of two consecutive speech frames is considered to be a two-dimensional image, then through various transformations a set of rules that represent this image are deduced. These rules can be used to reconstruct this difference and ultimately the speech signal itself with minimum loss in the signal content.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131530280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202322
L. J. Chipman, K. Ranganath
A graph theoretic approach for matching imperfectly segmented images with stored scene models is presented. The specific segmentation errors addressed are missing objects, extra objects, missing relations, and mismeasured attributes. By combining enhanced fuzzy relaxation and association graph techniques, the method integrates global inter-object relations and local object attributes to obtain more reliable matching.<>
{"title":"A fuzzy relaxation algorithm for matching imperfectly segmented images to models","authors":"L. J. Chipman, K. Ranganath","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202322","url":null,"abstract":"A graph theoretic approach for matching imperfectly segmented images with stored scene models is presented. The specific segmentation errors addressed are missing objects, extra objects, missing relations, and mismeasured attributes. By combining enhanced fuzzy relaxation and association graph techniques, the method integrates global inter-object relations and local object attributes to obtain more reliable matching.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133508809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-04-12DOI: 10.1109/SECON.1992.202295
R. Petrovic
The synchronization in the code-division multiple-access (CDMA) fiber-optic networks reduces interchannel interference, permits larger number of stations, and gives higher throughput. In the star topology proposed, very strict synchronization of transmitters and equalization of propagation delays over various paths in the network is achieved since a single optical source is used for the whole network, and all the signals follow that same path around the network. Other advantages are that the operation mode of the optical source is pulsed, not continuous-wave, and the attenuation variations among interfering signals are low. The major disadvantage of the proposed system is in its stricter power constraints. This problem can be alleviated by the insertion of optical amplifiers when the number of stations outgrows the limits of the basic network.<>
{"title":"Synchronous CDMA technique for fiber-optic LANs with folded dual bus topology","authors":"R. Petrovic","doi":"10.1109/SECON.1992.202295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.1992.202295","url":null,"abstract":"The synchronization in the code-division multiple-access (CDMA) fiber-optic networks reduces interchannel interference, permits larger number of stations, and gives higher throughput. In the star topology proposed, very strict synchronization of transmitters and equalization of propagation delays over various paths in the network is achieved since a single optical source is used for the whole network, and all the signals follow that same path around the network. Other advantages are that the operation mode of the optical source is pulsed, not continuous-wave, and the attenuation variations among interfering signals are low. The major disadvantage of the proposed system is in its stricter power constraints. This problem can be alleviated by the insertion of optical amplifiers when the number of stations outgrows the limits of the basic network.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":230446,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE Southeastcon '92","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133704633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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