Pub Date : 2014-05-30DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01305010008
I. Kotoulas, A. Schizodimou, G. Kyriacou
The electrochemical reduction of formic acid in acidic solution (2 mol L -1 HCl) on a Cu(88)Sn(6)Pb(6) cathode was studied. The main products of the reduction were methanol and ethanol having %Current Efficiencies (CEs) of 30.3 and 37.6% respectively at -0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl. Small amounts of methane and ethane were also detected. The rate of the reduction increased exponentially with the negative potential in the range -0.65 to -1.00 V and the maximum of the %CE was observed at -0.8 V. The rate of the reduction of HCOOH increased slightly with the concentration of HCOOH. In pure HCOOH as electrolyte a noticeable amount of CH3CHO (17.1%) was detected. A possible reduction mechanism was proposed in which the adsorbed CO is the key intermediate for the formation of all the products.
研究了2 mol L -1 HCl酸性溶液中甲酸在Cu(88)Sn(6)Pb(6)阴极上的电化学还原。在-0.8 V /Ag /AgCl条件下，还原的主要产物为甲醇和乙醇，其电流效率(CEs)分别为30.3%和37.6%。少量的甲烷和乙烷也被检测到。负电势在-0.65 ~ -1.00 V范围内随负电势的增大而呈指数增长，%CE在-0.8 V时达到最大值。随着HCOOH浓度的增加，HCOOH的还原速率略有增加。在纯HCOOH作为电解质时，检测到大量的CH3CHO(17.1%)。提出了一种可能的还原机制，其中吸附的CO是形成所有产物的关键中间体。
{"title":"Electrochemical Reduction of Formic Acid on a Copper-Tin-Lead Cathode","authors":"I. Kotoulas, A. Schizodimou, G. Kyriacou","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01305010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01305010008","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical reduction of formic acid in acidic solution (2 mol L -1 HCl) on a Cu(88)Sn(6)Pb(6) cathode was studied. The main products of the reduction were methanol and ethanol having %Current Efficiencies (CEs) of 30.3 and 37.6% respectively at -0.8 V vs Ag/AgCl. Small amounts of methane and ethane were also detected. The rate of the reduction increased exponentially with the negative potential in the range -0.65 to -1.00 V and the maximum of the %CE was observed at -0.8 V. The rate of the reduction of HCOOH increased slightly with the concentration of HCOOH. In pure HCOOH as electrolyte a noticeable amount of CH3CHO (17.1%) was detected. A possible reduction mechanism was proposed in which the adsorbed CO is the key intermediate for the formation of all the products.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78822439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-03DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01204010020
L. N. Roy, R. Roy, K. A. Allen, Casey J. Mehrhoff, Isaac B. Henson, Jessica M. Stegner, Zachary M. Downs
The pH values of six buffer solutions of equal compositions on the molal scale and eight buffer solutions hav- ing ionic strengths (I = 0.16 mol·kg -1 ) similar to the concentration of blood plasma have been evaluated at 12 temperatures from 5 to 55 °C using the Bates-Guggenheim convention and extended Debye-Huckel equation. The values of Ej for the buffer solution of HEPBS have been obtained from the flowing junction cell measurement. These values of Ej have been used to ascertain the operational pH values at 25 and 37 °C for HEPBS buffer solution. The pH values at 25 and 37 °C are 7.415 and 7.395, respectively, for physiological phosphate buffer solutions. The zwitterionic buffer HEPBS was shown to be useful as a secondary pH standard in the region close to that of blood serum.
{"title":"Buffer Standards for the Physiological pH of N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) piperazine-N'-4-butanesulfonic Acid (HEPBS) from 5 to 55 °C","authors":"L. N. Roy, R. Roy, K. A. Allen, Casey J. Mehrhoff, Isaac B. Henson, Jessica M. Stegner, Zachary M. Downs","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010020","url":null,"abstract":"The pH values of six buffer solutions of equal compositions on the molal scale and eight buffer solutions hav- ing ionic strengths (I = 0.16 mol·kg -1 ) similar to the concentration of blood plasma have been evaluated at 12 temperatures from 5 to 55 °C using the Bates-Guggenheim convention and extended Debye-Huckel equation. The values of Ej for the buffer solution of HEPBS have been obtained from the flowing junction cell measurement. These values of Ej have been used to ascertain the operational pH values at 25 and 37 °C for HEPBS buffer solution. The pH values at 25 and 37 °C are 7.415 and 7.395, respectively, for physiological phosphate buffer solutions. The zwitterionic buffer HEPBS was shown to be useful as a secondary pH standard in the region close to that of blood serum.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"60 1","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88650832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-16DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01204010013
Zahraa A. Jarjes, M. Samian, S. A. Ghani
In this work a two-enzyme system catalyzing two consecutive reactions, namely, (i) Candida rugosa lipase type VII hydrolyzed the cooking palm oil producing fatty acids and (ii) soybean lipoxygenase-1 (type I-B) (SLO) in modified Nafion membrane carbon electrode oxidized the fatty acids to generate cathodic current. The hydrolysis was optimum at pH 7.5, temperature 37 °C, incubation time 60 min and the respective weights of enzyme and substrate 0.1 and 2 g. Cyclic voltammograms at the optimized conditions showed that the introduction of lipase to the substrate of oil emulsion has increased the cathodic current density. Parameters such as potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7) and SLO (0.4 mg mL-1) were also crucial for a higher current density. The dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, used to modify the Nafion membrane, was found to be the most suitable salt for the immobilization of the lipoxygenase enzyme. The results indicate that this could provide the basis for the construction of a bio-cathode in the bio-fuel cell.
{"title":"Bio-electrode in Mechanistic Study of Lipoxygenase with Fatty Acids from Cooking Palm Oil","authors":"Zahraa A. Jarjes, M. Samian, S. A. Ghani","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010013","url":null,"abstract":"In this work a two-enzyme system catalyzing two consecutive reactions, namely, (i) Candida rugosa lipase type VII hydrolyzed the cooking palm oil producing fatty acids and (ii) soybean lipoxygenase-1 (type I-B) (SLO) in modified Nafion membrane carbon electrode oxidized the fatty acids to generate cathodic current. The hydrolysis was optimum at pH 7.5, temperature 37 °C, incubation time 60 min and the respective weights of enzyme and substrate 0.1 and 2 g. Cyclic voltammograms at the optimized conditions showed that the introduction of lipase to the substrate of oil emulsion has increased the cathodic current density. Parameters such as potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7) and SLO (0.4 mg mL-1) were also crucial for a higher current density. The dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, used to modify the Nafion membrane, was found to be the most suitable salt for the immobilization of the lipoxygenase enzyme. The results indicate that this could provide the basis for the construction of a bio-cathode in the bio-fuel cell.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80420453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-16DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01204010009
S. Hossain, M. Saitou
Discrete gold islands formed in electrodeposition have been investigated using an island pair distribution function (IDF) as the analogy of the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) and the Fourier image analysis. An oscillatory plot in the IDF, the two halo and streak patterns in the Fourier-transformed image indicate that the gold islands have a weak periodical structure. The Monte Carlo simulation for the distribution of gold islands with no interplay or the repulsive Coulomb force well explains the origin of the periodical structure.
{"title":"Periodical Distribution of Discrete Gold Islands in Electrodeposition","authors":"S. Hossain, M. Saitou","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010009","url":null,"abstract":"Discrete gold islands formed in electrodeposition have been investigated using an island pair distribution function (IDF) as the analogy of the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) and the Fourier image analysis. An oscillatory plot in the IDF, the two halo and streak patterns in the Fourier-transformed image indicate that the gold islands have a weak periodical structure. The Monte Carlo simulation for the distribution of gold islands with no interplay or the repulsive Coulomb force well explains the origin of the periodical structure.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81358601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-06DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01204010001
H. Safaei, M. Safaei, V. Rahmanian
The zinc- Zeolite Socony Mobil-Five nano-particles (Zn-ZSM-5 NPs) composite was prepared and applied successfully as a new coating material to improve the corrosion resistance of steel. The corrosion type and quality of both pure zinc and our new coating material, Zn-ZSM-5 NPs, were studied using mass loss, impedance and electro-chemical polarization techniques in a sodium chloride solution. Obtained results affirm that Zn-ZSM-5 NPs are non-permeable and their corrosion resistance is higher than the pure zinc. The surface morphology of our newly synthesized coating material, Zn-ZSM-5 NPs, was investigated using SEM and X-ray diffraction and the smaller grain size was observed in comparison with the pure zinc coating. Keyword: Zeolite Socony Mobil-Five (ZSM-5), Zeolite nano-particles, Corrosion, Composite coating, zinc.
{"title":"Film Formation and Anticorrosive Behavior of Zn-ZSM-5 Nano-Sized Zeolite Composite Coatings","authors":"H. Safaei, M. Safaei, V. Rahmanian","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01204010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01204010001","url":null,"abstract":"The zinc- Zeolite Socony Mobil-Five nano-particles (Zn-ZSM-5 NPs) composite was prepared and applied successfully as a new coating material to improve the corrosion resistance of steel. The corrosion type and quality of both pure zinc and our new coating material, Zn-ZSM-5 NPs, were studied using mass loss, impedance and electro-chemical polarization techniques in a sodium chloride solution. Obtained results affirm that Zn-ZSM-5 NPs are non-permeable and their corrosion resistance is higher than the pure zinc. The surface morphology of our newly synthesized coating material, Zn-ZSM-5 NPs, was investigated using SEM and X-ray diffraction and the smaller grain size was observed in comparison with the pure zinc coating. Keyword: Zeolite Socony Mobil-Five (ZSM-5), Zeolite nano-particles, Corrosion, Composite coating, zinc.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88900163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-23DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01103010001
M. Saitou, S. Teruya, S. Hossain
We have investigated the formation of a platinum thin film from a simple solution of dihydrogen hexachloro- platinate in a low temperature range of 283 to 295 K by a pulse current technique. Despite the low temperature, the platinum thin film observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope does not comprise particle aggregates but dense layer with a small surface roughness that tends to saturate at an initial growth stage. The deposition rate and current efficiency at a fixed average current density are evidently dependent on temperature. The analysis of the mol weight of platinum deposit based on two electrochemical reactions proposed in platinum electrodeposition elucidates the tempera- ture dependence characterized by a thermal activation process.
{"title":"Temperature-Dependence of Deposition Rate and Current Efficiency in Platinum Electrodeposition at a Fixed Average Current Density","authors":"M. Saitou, S. Teruya, S. Hossain","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01103010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01103010001","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated the formation of a platinum thin film from a simple solution of dihydrogen hexachloro- platinate in a low temperature range of 283 to 295 K by a pulse current technique. Despite the low temperature, the platinum thin film observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope does not comprise particle aggregates but dense layer with a small surface roughness that tends to saturate at an initial growth stage. The deposition rate and current efficiency at a fixed average current density are evidently dependent on temperature. The analysis of the mol weight of platinum deposit based on two electrochemical reactions proposed in platinum electrodeposition elucidates the tempera- ture dependence characterized by a thermal activation process.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"101 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86747039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-03DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01002010043
Ambrish Singh, A. Singh, M. Quraishi
Abstract: Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 by dapsone were studied by polarization resis-tance, Tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss measurement. Results obtained revealed that inhibition occurs through adsorption of the drug on metal surface without modifying the mechanism of corrosion process. Potentiodynamic polarization suggested that it acts as a mixed type predominantly cathodic in HCl and predominantly anodic in H 2 SO 4 . Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Thermodynamic parameters such as E a , ° Ha , ° Sa , ° Hads were calculated to investigate mechanism of inhibition. The adsorption of dapsone followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Keywords: Mild steel, Acid solution, weight loss, EIS, Drug. 1. INTRODUCTION Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel is a matter of theo-retical as well as practical importance [1]. Acids are widely used in industries such as pickling, cleaning, descaling etc. Because of their aggressiveness, inhibitors are used to reduce the rate of dissolution of metals. Compounds containing ni-trogen, sulphur and oxygen have been reported as excellent inhibitors [2-7]. The efficiency of an organic compound as an inhibitor is mainly dependent on its ability to get adsorbed on metal surface which consists of a replacement of water molecule at a corroding interface. The adsorption of these compounds is influenced by the electronic structure of inhib-iting molecules, steric factor, aromatic, and electron density at donor site, presence of functional group such as –CHO, –N=N, R–OH etc., molecular area and molecular weight of the inhibitor molecule [8-11]. A large number of organic compounds are known to be applicable as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel [12, 13]. However, only a few non-toxic and eco-friendly compounds have been investigated as corrosion inhibitors. Tryptamine, Succinic acid, L-ascorbic acid, Sulfamethoxazole and Ce-fatrexyl, were found to be effective inhibitors for acid envi-ronments. Dithiobiurets exhibited the best performance to-wards the corrosion of mild steel in HCl solutions showed very less toxicity [14-19]. The inhibitive effect of four anti-bacterial drugs, namely Ampicillin, Cloxacillin, Flucloxacil-lin and Amoxicillin towards the corrosion of aluminum was investigated [20]. The inhibition action of these drugs was attributed to blocking the surface
摘要:采用极化电阻、塔菲尔极化、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和失重测量等方法研究了氨苯砜对低碳钢在1 M HCl和0.5 M h2so4中的缓蚀作用。结果表明，在不改变腐蚀过程机理的情况下，药物在金属表面的吸附产生了抑制作用。动电位极化表明它在HCl中表现为以阴极为主，在h2so4中表现为阳极为主的混合型。采用电化学阻抗谱法研究了其缓蚀机理。计算了E a、° Ha、° Sa、° Hads等热力学参数，探讨了缓蚀机理。氨苯砜的吸附遵循Langmuir吸附等温线。关键词:低碳钢，酸溶液，失重，EIS，药物。低碳钢的缓蚀是一个具有理论和实践重要性的问题[1]。酸广泛应用于酸洗、清洗、除垢等行业。由于它们的侵蚀性，抑制剂被用来降低金属的溶解速度。含有氮、硫和氧的化合物已被报道为极好的抑制剂[2-7]。有机化合物作为缓蚀剂的效率主要取决于其在金属表面的吸附能力，金属表面是由在腐蚀界面上取代水分子组成的。这些化合物的吸附受抑制分子的电子结构、位阻因子、芳族、给体位点的电子密度、-CHO、-N =N、R-OH等官能团的存在、抑制剂分子的分子面积和分子量等因素的影响[8-11]。已知大量有机化合物可作为低碳钢的缓蚀剂[12,13]。然而，只有少数无毒和环保的化合物被研究作为缓蚀剂。色胺、琥珀酸、l -抗坏血酸、磺胺甲恶唑和Ce-fatrexyl是酸性环境的有效抑制剂。双硫脲在HCl溶液中对低碳钢的腐蚀性能最好，毒性很小[14-19]。研究了氨苄西林、氯西林、氟氯西林和阿莫西林四种抗菌药物对铝腐蚀的抑制作用[20]。这些药物的抑制作用归因于阻断表面
{"title":"Dapsone: A Novel Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Media","authors":"Ambrish Singh, A. Singh, M. Quraishi","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01002010043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01002010043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 by dapsone were studied by polarization resis-tance, Tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss measurement. Results obtained revealed that inhibition occurs through adsorption of the drug on metal surface without modifying the mechanism of corrosion process. Potentiodynamic polarization suggested that it acts as a mixed type predominantly cathodic in HCl and predominantly anodic in H 2 SO 4 . Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Thermodynamic parameters such as E a , ° \u0001 Ha , ° \u0001 Sa , ° \u0001 Hads were calculated to investigate mechanism of inhibition. The adsorption of dapsone followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Keywords: Mild steel, Acid solution, weight loss, EIS, Drug. 1. INTRODUCTION Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel is a matter of theo-retical as well as practical importance [1]. Acids are widely used in industries such as pickling, cleaning, descaling etc. Because of their aggressiveness, inhibitors are used to reduce the rate of dissolution of metals. Compounds containing ni-trogen, sulphur and oxygen have been reported as excellent inhibitors [2-7]. The efficiency of an organic compound as an inhibitor is mainly dependent on its ability to get adsorbed on metal surface which consists of a replacement of water molecule at a corroding interface. The adsorption of these compounds is influenced by the electronic structure of inhib-iting molecules, steric factor, aromatic, and electron density at donor site, presence of functional group such as –CHO, –N=N, R–OH etc., molecular area and molecular weight of the inhibitor molecule [8-11]. A large number of organic compounds are known to be applicable as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel [12, 13]. However, only a few non-toxic and eco-friendly compounds have been investigated as corrosion inhibitors. Tryptamine, Succinic acid, L-ascorbic acid, Sulfamethoxazole and Ce-fatrexyl, were found to be effective inhibitors for acid envi-ronments. Dithiobiurets exhibited the best performance to-wards the corrosion of mild steel in HCl solutions showed very less toxicity [14-19]. The inhibitive effect of four anti-bacterial drugs, namely Ampicillin, Cloxacillin, Flucloxacil-lin and Amoxicillin towards the corrosion of aluminum was investigated [20]. The inhibition action of these drugs was attributed to blocking the surface","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"103 1","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81660062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-22DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01002010015
S. Lokesh, A. Satpati, B. S. Sherigara
{"title":"Electrochemical Behavior of 1,2,4-Triazole and Benzotriazole at Glassy Carbon Electrode in Acidic Media~!2010-01-15~!2010-06-14~!2010-07-06~!","authors":"S. Lokesh, A. Satpati, B. S. Sherigara","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01002010015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01002010015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83574776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-21DOI: 10.2174/1876505X01002010022
G. Mostafa
Biosensors have been developed for the detection of pesticides using integrated enzymes, antibodies, cell and DNA-based biosensors. Enzymatic determination of pesticides is most often based on inhibition of the activity of selected enzymes such as cholinesterase, acid phosphatase, ascorbate oxidase, acetolactate synthase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Enzymatic Biosensors were developed using various electrochemical signal transducers and different electrodes. Various immobilization protocols used for the formation of a biorecognition interface are also discussed: In addition, techniques of regeneration, single amplification, and miniaturization are evaluated for the development of immunosensor. Both batch and flow-injection analyses with enzyme biosensors are most intensively developed. It included that, in the future, com- pact, disposable and portable devices especially designed for in-field analysis with high sensitivity, selectivity; develop- ment of arrays and multiple sensors will continue another area of intensive research for biosensors.
{"title":"Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Pesticides~!2010-02-01~!2010-06-30~!2010-07-21~!","authors":"G. Mostafa","doi":"10.2174/1876505X01002010022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876505X01002010022","url":null,"abstract":"Biosensors have been developed for the detection of pesticides using integrated enzymes, antibodies, cell and DNA-based biosensors. Enzymatic determination of pesticides is most often based on inhibition of the activity of selected enzymes such as cholinesterase, acid phosphatase, ascorbate oxidase, acetolactate synthase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Enzymatic Biosensors were developed using various electrochemical signal transducers and different electrodes. Various immobilization protocols used for the formation of a biorecognition interface are also discussed: In addition, techniques of regeneration, single amplification, and miniaturization are evaluated for the development of immunosensor. Both batch and flow-injection analyses with enzyme biosensors are most intensively developed. It included that, in the future, com- pact, disposable and portable devices especially designed for in-field analysis with high sensitivity, selectivity; develop- ment of arrays and multiple sensors will continue another area of intensive research for biosensors.","PeriodicalId":23074,"journal":{"name":"The Open Electrochemistry Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"22-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75085600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The diffusion coefficient of isopropanol in alkaline medium using electrochemical methods on Pd electrode has been studied by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) with different sweep rate and chronoamperometry in 1.0 M KOH solution containing 1.0 M isopropanol. Isopropanol oxidation on the Pd electrode is an irreversible charge-transport process and controlled by a diffusion process. The diffusion coefficient of isopropanol on the Pd electrode is obtained as 1.01 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 using the LSV method and 1.06 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 using the chronoamperometry method. The average diffusion coefficient of isopropanol is 1.04 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 .
在含1.0 M异丙醇的1.0 M KOH溶液中，采用不同扫描速率的线性扫描伏安法(LSV)研究了异丙醇在碱性介质中在Pd电极上的扩散系数。异丙醇在Pd电极上的氧化是一个不可逆的电荷输运过程，受扩散过程控制。异丙醇在Pd电极上的扩散系数分别为1.01 10 -6 cm 2 s -1 (LSV法)和1.06 10 -6 cm 2 s -1(计时电流法)。异丙醇的平均扩散系数为1.04 10 -6 cm 2 s -1。
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