Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523906
T.S. Lee, C. Foo, B. Cunningham
Employees often experience 'technology-induced' stress when organizations undergo technology changes. This paper recognizes that the study of technological impact has to take into consideration the total psychological context. The scope of discussion is, however, limited to an aspect of the attributes of individuals in the organization-demographic characteristics. Research findings are listed on the effects of age, gender, education and tenure on stress during technology change. The socio-psychological perspective is then applied to analyze the underlying linkages between the demographic variables and their respective effects in moderating stress. A key emphasis of the paper is that understanding needs to be applied in the use of organizational demographic findings as a prior requisite for implementing an effective stress management programme.
{"title":"Role of organizational demographics in managing technology-induced stress","authors":"T.S. Lee, C. Foo, B. Cunningham","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523906","url":null,"abstract":"Employees often experience 'technology-induced' stress when organizations undergo technology changes. This paper recognizes that the study of technological impact has to take into consideration the total psychological context. The scope of discussion is, however, limited to an aspect of the attributes of individuals in the organization-demographic characteristics. Research findings are listed on the effects of age, gender, education and tenure on stress during technology change. The socio-psychological perspective is then applied to analyze the underlying linkages between the demographic variables and their respective effects in moderating stress. A key emphasis of the paper is that understanding needs to be applied in the use of organizational demographic findings as a prior requisite for implementing an effective stress management programme.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123591759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524610
M. Rahman, W. S. Lui
The process of utilizing intelligence to explore and exploit various resources for the benefits of mankind has started from the very beginning of human civilization. The concept of intelligent building and building management has been developed through the efficient use of information technology that can control the various elements related to comfortable living. This also helps to reduce wastage of energy and optimum utilization of resources. It has been proven that consumption of energy could be reduced to even half for the same level of comfort through proper use of appropriate equipments and efficient controls.
{"title":"Energy conservation through building management","authors":"M. Rahman, W. S. Lui","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524610","url":null,"abstract":"The process of utilizing intelligence to explore and exploit various resources for the benefits of mankind has started from the very beginning of human civilization. The concept of intelligent building and building management has been developed through the efficient use of information technology that can control the various elements related to comfortable living. This also helps to reduce wastage of energy and optimum utilization of resources. It has been proven that consumption of energy could be reduced to even half for the same level of comfort through proper use of appropriate equipments and efficient controls.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115337173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524611
G. Tzeng, Sheng-Hshiung Tsau, June-Jye Chen
The planning of express road systems is basically a network design problem, and such design problems involve resource allocation and cost control from the aspect of high-level government, and an objective of minimal total traveling-time or shortest traveling-distance for lower-level users. As a result, the issue becomes a bilevel programming problem. As for medium-and long-term programming, the resources and constraints seized in hand vary in each stage, thus it is necessary that multi-stage programming be conducted; also due to the fact that the decision making level shares diversified consideration for the objectives, this issue becomes a multiobjective programming problem. This study employes multi-stage multiobjective programming to formulate the framework of a medium-and long-term development plan for express roads. An example is provided for illustration.
{"title":"Application of hierarchy multistage-multiobjective approach to network design: case of express road","authors":"G. Tzeng, Sheng-Hshiung Tsau, June-Jye Chen","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524611","url":null,"abstract":"The planning of express road systems is basically a network design problem, and such design problems involve resource allocation and cost control from the aspect of high-level government, and an objective of minimal total traveling-time or shortest traveling-distance for lower-level users. As a result, the issue becomes a bilevel programming problem. As for medium-and long-term programming, the resources and constraints seized in hand vary in each stage, thus it is necessary that multi-stage programming be conducted; also due to the fact that the decision making level shares diversified consideration for the objectives, this issue becomes a multiobjective programming problem. This study employes multi-stage multiobjective programming to formulate the framework of a medium-and long-term development plan for express roads. An example is provided for illustration.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114316495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523933
Q. Wang, M. Schmidlin
The main objective of this paper is to explore the various factors that have had a major influence upon Airbus Industrie's decision making concerning the introduction of a direct dispatch support service. A project was conducted by the company to assess its feasibility. This dispatch support service is essential for the daily flight operations which was until recently left to big airlines and specialised computer companies. The data were acquired through extensive interviews with and company documents from the project team members and the director of customer support services of Airbus Industrie in France. Case studies analysis regarding the company and the project are presented. Among the strategic environmental and operational factors identified in this research, a firm's commitment to a long-term relationship with customers has been found to be the most important influential factor upon the firm's decision-making.
{"title":"Factors influencing a firm's decision-making on the introduction of new services: a case study of Airbus Industrie","authors":"Q. Wang, M. Schmidlin","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523933","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper is to explore the various factors that have had a major influence upon Airbus Industrie's decision making concerning the introduction of a direct dispatch support service. A project was conducted by the company to assess its feasibility. This dispatch support service is essential for the daily flight operations which was until recently left to big airlines and specialised computer companies. The data were acquired through extensive interviews with and company documents from the project team members and the director of customer support services of Airbus Industrie in France. Case studies analysis regarding the company and the project are presented. Among the strategic environmental and operational factors identified in this research, a firm's commitment to a long-term relationship with customers has been found to be the most important influential factor upon the firm's decision-making.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124222596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524619
L. Guangjie, Z. Yaoxue
This paper presents an approach for scheduling jobs on machine cells with some processing constraints. A machine cell is a group of some machines. It is a managing unit in a shop. The shop managers assign the personnel and jobs to every cell. The components of cells can be changed with the demands of processed products and managers, which brings about great convenience in the management of semiautomatic manufacturing shops. However, it also increases the complexity of the scheduling problem in such shop. There are various types of cells in a shop. The authors give different scheduling approaches to different types of cells. As to the scheduling algorithm, they advance the WCPM (weighted critical path method) which optimizes the typical CPM and obtains a more satisfactory scheduling result. This approach has been used to implement a job-shop scheduling system for use in a Japanese factory producing flexible circuit boards.
{"title":"Scheduling jobs on machine cells with some processing constraints","authors":"L. Guangjie, Z. Yaoxue","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524619","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an approach for scheduling jobs on machine cells with some processing constraints. A machine cell is a group of some machines. It is a managing unit in a shop. The shop managers assign the personnel and jobs to every cell. The components of cells can be changed with the demands of processed products and managers, which brings about great convenience in the management of semiautomatic manufacturing shops. However, it also increases the complexity of the scheduling problem in such shop. There are various types of cells in a shop. The authors give different scheduling approaches to different types of cells. As to the scheduling algorithm, they advance the WCPM (weighted critical path method) which optimizes the typical CPM and obtains a more satisfactory scheduling result. This approach has been used to implement a job-shop scheduling system for use in a Japanese factory producing flexible circuit boards.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117046072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523911
Koh Ai Tee
The shining economic performance and competitive prowess of East Asian nations is well documented. This study highlights important features of East Asia's national innovation and technology management systems which give rise to strong competitive performance and a capacity for technological leapfrogging. It further underscores success factors capable of emulation by other nations as well as lessons of failures to be avoided.
{"title":"Asian miracle: the scientific and technological dimension","authors":"Koh Ai Tee","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523911","url":null,"abstract":"The shining economic performance and competitive prowess of East Asian nations is well documented. This study highlights important features of East Asia's national innovation and technology management systems which give rise to strong competitive performance and a capacity for technological leapfrogging. It further underscores success factors capable of emulation by other nations as well as lessons of failures to be avoided.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123991070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524604
Yuwei Shi
This study uses the event history method to analyze the strategic alliances created by semiconductor start-ups founded in the 1980s. The findings suggest the dialectical relationship between the alliance task environment and the time-dependent possibility of alliance dissolution. Generally, alliances that operate under more adversarial task environment have higher dissolution hazards in early years. But they have lower dissolution hazard after a certain period of time than those operating under less adversarial task environment. By controlling the effect of change in resource dependence on alliance dissolution, the results show the pivotal role of alliance tasks in addition to widely used resource dependence explanations. This study enriches theories on strategic alliance by introducing a time-dependent logic to explanations of alliance dynamics. While the current strategic alliance literature is dominated by perspectives explaining alliance formation, this study indicates much can be understood about alliances by contemplating the issues of alliance dissolution.
{"title":"What they do matters: linking strategic alliance dissolution to its tasks","authors":"Yuwei Shi","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524604","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the event history method to analyze the strategic alliances created by semiconductor start-ups founded in the 1980s. The findings suggest the dialectical relationship between the alliance task environment and the time-dependent possibility of alliance dissolution. Generally, alliances that operate under more adversarial task environment have higher dissolution hazards in early years. But they have lower dissolution hazard after a certain period of time than those operating under less adversarial task environment. By controlling the effect of change in resource dependence on alliance dissolution, the results show the pivotal role of alliance tasks in addition to widely used resource dependence explanations. This study enriches theories on strategic alliance by introducing a time-dependent logic to explanations of alliance dynamics. While the current strategic alliance literature is dominated by perspectives explaining alliance formation, this study indicates much can be understood about alliances by contemplating the issues of alliance dissolution.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124682510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524609
W. Lai, Y. Liu, J. Millar
Visualization is an efficient and powerful tool for expressing, understanding and manipulating various objects, relations, or other information. Tree structure diagrams allow visualisation of hierarchical relations and are particularly useful to engineering management. However, different applications may need different tree structure diagrams. This paper presents a tool for supporting the user in selecting a preferred tree diagram interface. The tool provides two ways for the user to specify tree structure diagram interfaces: one uses a textual language, the other uses a layout toolbox.
{"title":"Designing tree structure diagrams for management","authors":"W. Lai, Y. Liu, J. Millar","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524609","url":null,"abstract":"Visualization is an efficient and powerful tool for expressing, understanding and manipulating various objects, relations, or other information. Tree structure diagrams allow visualisation of hierarchical relations and are particularly useful to engineering management. However, different applications may need different tree structure diagrams. This paper presents a tool for supporting the user in selecting a preferred tree diagram interface. The tool provides two ways for the user to specify tree structure diagram interfaces: one uses a textual language, the other uses a layout toolbox.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128564131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524584
W. Ferme
Design for quality (DFQ) is only recently becoming accepted as a significant issue in the manufacture of quality products. This paper reviews the available literature on the subject and examines the results of an Australian 51 company survey on the subject.
{"title":"Design for quality","authors":"W. Ferme","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524584","url":null,"abstract":"Design for quality (DFQ) is only recently becoming accepted as a significant issue in the manufacture of quality products. This paper reviews the available literature on the subject and examines the results of an Australian 51 company survey on the subject.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126387103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523910
D. Kakati
With the opening up of the world economy, the need for understanding cross cultural values is becoming more important. It is for the intellectuals to propagate an awareness that cultural values of different countries have an essential oneness. Basic cultural values will have a role to play. Useful guidelines should be available from traditional Indian models. With the new western initiatives, an eastern resurgence can be expected along with the process of cultural homogenisation aided by technology.
{"title":"Some cross cultural issues in the context of globalization of Indian economy","authors":"D. Kakati","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523910","url":null,"abstract":"With the opening up of the world economy, the need for understanding cross cultural values is becoming more important. It is for the intellectuals to propagate an awareness that cultural values of different countries have an essential oneness. Basic cultural values will have a role to play. Useful guidelines should be available from traditional Indian models. With the new western initiatives, an eastern resurgence can be expected along with the process of cultural homogenisation aided by technology.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122654913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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