Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523909
T.S. Lee, C. Foo
While the literature is prolific on the subject of the 'learning organizations', little has been written on the concept of the 'learning economy'. The first part of this paper discusses the learning typology employed in distinguishing different levels of learning, and the role of leadership in a 'learning organization'. The findings are then applied to indicate key attributes of a 'learning economy', and to suggest that Singapore is evolving into one. A model of Singapore's economic evolution is developed to frame the discussions.
{"title":"Towards a learning economy: evolving Singapore","authors":"T.S. Lee, C. Foo","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523909","url":null,"abstract":"While the literature is prolific on the subject of the 'learning organizations', little has been written on the concept of the 'learning economy'. The first part of this paper discusses the learning typology employed in distinguishing different levels of learning, and the role of leadership in a 'learning organization'. The findings are then applied to indicate key attributes of a 'learning economy', and to suggest that Singapore is evolving into one. A model of Singapore's economic evolution is developed to frame the discussions.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116841310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524590
Min Xie, T. Goh, W. Xie
Statistical process control (SPC) techniques have been widely used in industry. A problem in the implementation of SPC techniques is that usually there are many processes involved in a production line and high priority has to be given to some of them in the face of constraints of available resources. In this paper, the authors discuss some preliminary studies of techniques for process prioritization in SPC implementation and the related decision making approaches. They first present a simple classification scheme based on the statistical and technical importance of each process. Then the use of the quality function deployment (QFD) technique is discussed. A theoretical approach based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique is then recommended to solve the exact prioritization problem.
{"title":"Prioritizing processes for better implementation of statistical process control techniques","authors":"Min Xie, T. Goh, W. Xie","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524590","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical process control (SPC) techniques have been widely used in industry. A problem in the implementation of SPC techniques is that usually there are many processes involved in a production line and high priority has to be given to some of them in the face of constraints of available resources. In this paper, the authors discuss some preliminary studies of techniques for process prioritization in SPC implementation and the related decision making approaches. They first present a simple classification scheme based on the statistical and technical importance of each process. Then the use of the quality function deployment (QFD) technique is discussed. A theoretical approach based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique is then recommended to solve the exact prioritization problem.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122723671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524583
R. Everhart, A. La Salle, R. Khorramshahgol
This paper examines techniques that have evolved for specifying user requirements definition during systems development. It concentrates on potential impacts of applying total quality management (TQM) principles to the user requirements phase of the system development life cycle. TQM methodologies have been successful in many arenas. There are high expectations that TQM can also improve the quality of the most critical aspect of systems development, that is, defining user requirements.
{"title":"Applying TQ principles to the requirements phase of system development","authors":"R. Everhart, A. La Salle, R. Khorramshahgol","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524583","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines techniques that have evolved for specifying user requirements definition during systems development. It concentrates on potential impacts of applying total quality management (TQM) principles to the user requirements phase of the system development life cycle. TQM methodologies have been successful in many arenas. There are high expectations that TQM can also improve the quality of the most critical aspect of systems development, that is, defining user requirements.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122262400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524593
T. S. Chee, K. Yeo
The aim of this paper is to illustrate the risk analysis of a build-operate-transfer (BOT) power project. A software package known as DynRisk, which is based on influence diagram representation, is used to model the project's cash flow over the concession period. In analysing risks, three techniques are employed: probability analysis; sensitivity analysis; and variance analysis. Probability analysis requires the uncertain variables of the cash flow model expressed as probability distributions with a defined spread. The model is then subjected to Monte Carlo simulation in order to produce a range of likely project outcomes. Sensitivity analysis and variance analysis are techniques to aid decision-making in the management of risks. Sensitivity analysis considers the effect on the project of changes in the value of each variable which poses potential serious risk to the project. On the other hand variance analysis indicates how much the uncertainty in a variable affects the goal's (i.e., NPV) uncertainty.
{"title":"Risk analysis of a build-operate-transfer (B.O.T.) power plant project","authors":"T. S. Chee, K. Yeo","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524593","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to illustrate the risk analysis of a build-operate-transfer (BOT) power project. A software package known as DynRisk, which is based on influence diagram representation, is used to model the project's cash flow over the concession period. In analysing risks, three techniques are employed: probability analysis; sensitivity analysis; and variance analysis. Probability analysis requires the uncertain variables of the cash flow model expressed as probability distributions with a defined spread. The model is then subjected to Monte Carlo simulation in order to produce a range of likely project outcomes. Sensitivity analysis and variance analysis are techniques to aid decision-making in the management of risks. Sensitivity analysis considers the effect on the project of changes in the value of each variable which poses potential serious risk to the project. On the other hand variance analysis indicates how much the uncertainty in a variable affects the goal's (i.e., NPV) uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"247 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132283379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses the issues and solutions relating to client/server service mechanisms in such a typical application as BECOTS, the computerized future trading system for Beijing Commodity Exchange. The centralized processing is traditionally used in the implementation of commercial trading applications. However, client/server technology is regarded as a better solution. In this paper, we identify the issues involved. Then we discuss the solutions from the architecture viewpoint. Finally, we explore the various client/server interaction models in BECOTS.
{"title":"Client/server service mechanisms in BECOTS","authors":"Jian Qiu, Jianping Wu, Jiahai Yang, Hong Zou, Zhihao Zhang, Mingwei Xu","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523927","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the issues and solutions relating to client/server service mechanisms in such a typical application as BECOTS, the computerized future trading system for Beijing Commodity Exchange. The centralized processing is traditionally used in the implementation of commercial trading applications. However, client/server technology is regarded as a better solution. In this paper, we identify the issues involved. Then we discuss the solutions from the architecture viewpoint. Finally, we explore the various client/server interaction models in BECOTS.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"48 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116508727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523936
Z. Liao, M. Cheung, Yin Ling Lai, C.Y.T. Lee, Ming Yu Wee
This paper explores some aspects of the ISO 9000 certification scheme, and suggests that it must be properly evaluated in the context of total quality management (TQM). We show that though it provides basic guidelines for documenting work procedures and performs valuable service as a common language of quality, to be fully effective in achieving the firm's strategic objectives over time, ISO 9000 needs to be integrated with TQM.
{"title":"ISO 9000 and its integration with TQM","authors":"Z. Liao, M. Cheung, Yin Ling Lai, C.Y.T. Lee, Ming Yu Wee","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523936","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores some aspects of the ISO 9000 certification scheme, and suggests that it must be properly evaluated in the context of total quality management (TQM). We show that though it provides basic guidelines for documenting work procedures and performs valuable service as a common language of quality, to be fully effective in achieving the firm's strategic objectives over time, ISO 9000 needs to be integrated with TQM.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116078872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523913
Wong Sum Chai, Foo Check Teck
Following the initiatives by the government, Singaporean engineering corporations are venturing overseas in an unprecedented manner. Using established statistical data sources this paper examines the performance of Singaporean engineering corporations in their ventures overseas. The main performance measure utilised is the earnings derived from abroad as related to investment value. The results of the analyses suggest an interesting contrast in performances between construction engineering and manufacturing corporations. Possible explanations for such a contrasting outcome are further explored in this paper. The paper concludes by suggesting a role for technology in determining overseas venture success.
{"title":"Managing overseas engineering performance: does technology matter?","authors":"Wong Sum Chai, Foo Check Teck","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523913","url":null,"abstract":"Following the initiatives by the government, Singaporean engineering corporations are venturing overseas in an unprecedented manner. Using established statistical data sources this paper examines the performance of Singaporean engineering corporations in their ventures overseas. The main performance measure utilised is the earnings derived from abroad as related to investment value. The results of the analyses suggest an interesting contrast in performances between construction engineering and manufacturing corporations. Possible explanations for such a contrasting outcome are further explored in this paper. The paper concludes by suggesting a role for technology in determining overseas venture success.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116427313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524595
R. E. Strauss, T. Hummel
Recently many organizational concepts acquired currency while concentrating more on organizational, technological, or personnel aspects. A new organizational concept, based on the "fractal company" as introduced by Warnecke, now paves the way for a simultaneous and adequate integration of the various aspects and concepts. The "fractal" organizational approach shows that cooperative behavior and new organizational approaches concentrating on principles of self-organization may be at the root of success stories in management and organization strategy. This paper presents the theoretical conceptualization and develops some of the elements for the practical realization of a self-organizing "fractal company" while also including a case study and some critical conclusions.
{"title":"The new industrial engineering revisited-information technology, business process re-engineering, and lean management in the self-organizing \"fractal company\"","authors":"R. E. Strauss, T. Hummel","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524595","url":null,"abstract":"Recently many organizational concepts acquired currency while concentrating more on organizational, technological, or personnel aspects. A new organizational concept, based on the \"fractal company\" as introduced by Warnecke, now paves the way for a simultaneous and adequate integration of the various aspects and concepts. The \"fractal\" organizational approach shows that cooperative behavior and new organizational approaches concentrating on principles of self-organization may be at the root of success stories in management and organization strategy. This paper presents the theoretical conceptualization and develops some of the elements for the practical realization of a self-organizing \"fractal company\" while also including a case study and some critical conclusions.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125357032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.523928
J. Priest, L. Doukas, N. Blaikie
Since the early 1960s, commercial computing has seen major advances in software engineering and management, enabling progressively greater outcome predictability of information technology business systems products (ITBSPs). However, IT systems investments (ITSIs) that depend on ITBSPs to achieve their goals, have not enjoyed a similar increase in outcome predictability and acceptance. To better understand this phenomenon, an in depth study of the experiences of 45 managers and consultants covering 9 ITSIs across 6 organisations was conducted. The systems investments were selected as being either surprisingly successful or surprisingly problematic. This paper discusses a model that integrates several findings about the type of work, evolutionary phases, domains of activity and impact factors that influence the conduct and outcomes of ITSIs. The findings reported here were shared by successful but not problematic IT systems investments. Guidelines for defining and managing the work types reported here have also been developed in the research and these are summarised.
{"title":"Investigation of factors that strongly influence the outcomes of information technology (IT) systems investments","authors":"J. Priest, L. Doukas, N. Blaikie","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.523928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.523928","url":null,"abstract":"Since the early 1960s, commercial computing has seen major advances in software engineering and management, enabling progressively greater outcome predictability of information technology business systems products (ITBSPs). However, IT systems investments (ITSIs) that depend on ITBSPs to achieve their goals, have not enjoyed a similar increase in outcome predictability and acceptance. To better understand this phenomenon, an in depth study of the experiences of 45 managers and consultants covering 9 ITSIs across 6 organisations was conducted. The systems investments were selected as being either surprisingly successful or surprisingly problematic. This paper discusses a model that integrates several findings about the type of work, evolutionary phases, domains of activity and impact factors that influence the conduct and outcomes of ITSIs. The findings reported here were shared by successful but not problematic IT systems investments. Guidelines for defining and managing the work types reported here have also been developed in the research and these are summarised.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129747135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-06-28DOI: 10.1109/IEMC.1995.524588
S. W. Foo, W. Lien, M. Xie, E. V. Geest
Reliability of products plays a crucial role in retaining brand loyalty. The conventional approach to reliability analysis resorts to testing the prototype and entails long development time. This is undesirable for electronic products which have very short life cycle. Reliability by design using the stressor-susceptibility interaction model provides a way to address this dilemma. Management no longer have to forgo reliability analysis in the race to shorten time-to-market.
{"title":"Reliability by design a tool to reduce time-to-market","authors":"S. W. Foo, W. Lien, M. Xie, E. V. Geest","doi":"10.1109/IEMC.1995.524588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMC.1995.524588","url":null,"abstract":"Reliability of products plays a crucial role in retaining brand loyalty. The conventional approach to reliability analysis resorts to testing the prototype and entails long development time. This is undesirable for electronic products which have very short life cycle. Reliability by design using the stressor-susceptibility interaction model provides a way to address this dilemma. Management no longer have to forgo reliability analysis in the race to shorten time-to-market.","PeriodicalId":231067,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings for Operating Research and the Management Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129920157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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