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[Prevalence of paratuberculosis in Thuringian sheep and goat flocks]. [图林根绵羊和山羊群中副结核病的流行情况]。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2219-9102
Frederike Wehrle, Udo Moog, Karsten Donat, Heike Köhler, Anne Klassen

Objective: In Germany, only few data on the current distribution of paratuberculosis in sheep and goat flocks is available. The present study provides an overview of the distribution of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in 165 Thuringian sheep and goat flocks. Also, the study investigated the association between the MAP status of the flock and herd specific factors as well as the association between the individual measured value of ELISA and animal specific factors like age, body condition, sex, and animal species.

Material and methods: To investigate the prevalence of MAP, serum samples from 2550 sheep and 1171 goats from 165 flocks (flock size 2 to 2879 animals) were serologically examined for MAP antibodies in 2021. Additionally, 1 to 6 environmental faecal samples were collected from every flock depending on the flock size. They were examined for the presence of MAP by using both bacteriological cultivation and a commercially available real-time-PCR.

Results: MAP antibodies were detected in 41 sheep (1.6%) and 29 goats (2.5%), which accounts to a detection of MAP antibodies in 20.6% of the 165 flocks (on herd level). The symptoms of paratuberculosis, weight loss with preserved appetite and altered fecal consistency, were observed in only four of the flocks. A positive association was identified between the detection of MAP or MAP-specific antibodies in a flock and flock size, as well as positive association between the measured value in the Elisa (s/p ratio) and the age of the animal. Furthermore, an association between an increasing s/p ratio of the ELISA and a decreasing body condition was found.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: Given what is known about the distribution of paratuberculosis in small ruminants, this disease should always be considered as a possible cause of weight loss and diarrhea. In case of high within-herd prevalence herd-specific control measures should be considered. In serological herd monitoring, animals with poor body condition should preferably be included in the sample, as the probability of being able to identify MAP positive animals is higher here.

目的:在德国,有关副结核病在绵羊和山羊群中的分布情况的数据很少。本研究概述了副结核分枝杆菌(MAP)在 165 个图林根绵羊和山羊群中的分布情况。此外,该研究还调查了羊群的 MAP 状态与羊群特定因素之间的关联,以及 ELISA 的单个测量值与年龄、身体状况、性别和动物种类等动物特定因素之间的关联:为了研究 MAP 的流行情况,2021 年对来自 165 个羊群(羊群规模为 2 至 2879 只)的 2550 只绵羊和 1171 只山羊的血清样本进行了 MAP 抗体血清学检测。此外,还根据羊群规模从每个羊群中收集了 1 至 6 份环境粪便样本。通过细菌培养和市售实时荧光定量PCR检测MAP是否存在:结果:在 41 只绵羊(1.6%)和 29 只山羊(2.5%)中检测到了 MAP 抗体,也就是说,在 165 个羊群中,有 20.6% 的羊群检测到了 MAP 抗体(按群计算)。只有 4 个羊群出现了副结核病症状,即体重减轻、食欲减退和粪便稠度改变。在鸡群中检测到 MAP 或 MAP 特异性抗体与鸡群规模呈正相关,Elisa 检测值(s/p 比值)与动物年龄也呈正相关。此外,还发现酶联免疫吸附试验的 s/p 比值升高与体况下降之间存在关联:鉴于目前已知的副结核病在小反刍动物中的分布情况,应始终将这种疾病视为体重减轻和腹泻的可能原因。如果畜群内发病率较高,则应考虑采取针对特定畜群的控制措施。在进行血清学牛群监测时,最好将体况较差的动物纳入样本,因为在这种情况下能够识别出 MAP 阳性动物的概率较高。
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引用次数: 0
Akute-Phase-Proteine für Diagnostik und Therapieerfolg der Rhodocoocose des Fohlens. 急性期蛋白用于诊断和成功治疗马驹的红球菌病。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2121-5617
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引用次数: 0
Effects of a commercial feed additive used for prophylactic purposes on health and blood parameters in neonatal calves. 一种用于预防的商用饲料添加剂对新生犊牛健康和血液参数的影响
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2220-1645
Samet Köse, Adnan Şehu

Objective: Neonatal calf diarrhea is commonly observed worldwide and leads to significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a feed additive supplemented with milk on the incidence of diarrhea days with scours, fecal score, average daily gain, fecal bacterial concentration, and blood parameters in neonatal calves.

Materials and methods: Forty Holstein-Friesian crossbreed (HF x Montbeliarde) calves were divided into control (C) and experimental (E) groups, each containing 20 calves. The study was conducted over a period of 10 days. The control group was fed whole milk twice daily. The experimental group was fed the same whole milk supplemented with feed additive once in the morning at 100 g/calf/day.

Results: At the end of the study, it was determined that the feed additive in the milk affected fecal score, blood pH, pCO2, cHCO3 -, K+, cHgb, and plasma glucose levels (p<0.05), but did not affect the incidence of diarrhea, average daily gain, days with scours, and other blood parameters (p>0.05). Rotavirus was the main pathogen found in the fecal samples of calves with diarrhea. Higher concentrations of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Clostridium perfringens were detected in the feces of experimental calves (p<0.001).

Conclusion and clinical relevance: The findings indicate that this feed additive improves fecal score, some blood parameters, and fecal concentration of pathogenic bacteria in feces. Additionally, it shows a favorable effect on both diarrhea incidence and the days with scours, suggesting its potential efficacy in preventing diarrhea in neonatal calves. Preventing diarrhea during this crucial stage of life can contribute to the health and productivity of animals and play a role in preventing antibiotic resistance by reducing reliance on antibiotics.

目的:新生犊牛腹泻在世界各地都很常见,并导致重大经济损失。本研究旨在探讨添加牛奶的饲料添加剂对新生犊牛腹泻日数、粪便评分、平均日增重、粪便细菌浓度和血液指标的影响:将 40 头荷斯坦-弗里斯兰杂交牛(HF x Montbeliarde)分为对照组(C)和实验组(E),每组 20 头。研究为期 10 天。对照组每天喂两次全脂牛奶。实验组每天早上喂一次同样的全脂牛奶,并添加饲料添加剂,每头小牛每天 100 克:研究结束时,确定牛奶中的饲料添加剂会影响粪便评分、血液 pH 值、pCO2、cHCO3 -、K+、cHgb 和血浆葡萄糖水平(p0.05)。轮状病毒是腹泻犊牛粪便样本中发现的主要病原体。在实验犊牛的粪便中检测到了较高浓度的大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌属和产气荚膜梭菌(p结论和临床意义:研究结果表明,这种饲料添加剂可提高粪便评分、某些血液指标以及粪便中致病菌的浓度。此外,它还对腹泻发生率和犊牛罹患溃疡的天数产生了有利影响,这表明它在预防新生犊牛腹泻方面具有潜在功效。在生命的这一关键阶段预防腹泻可促进动物的健康和生产力,并通过减少对抗生素的依赖,在预防抗生素耐药性方面发挥作用。
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引用次数: 0
[Correction: Intradermal and serologic testing for insect bite hypersensitivity in a Dahomey-Ox]. [更正:达荷美-奥克斯人对昆虫叮咬过敏症的皮内试验和血清学试验]。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1055/a-2288-7134
Laura Schäfer, Lydia Tatjana Stahl, Marlene Sickinger, Nina Thom
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引用次数: 0
[Intradermal and serologic testing for insect bite hypersensitivity in a Dahomey-Ox]. [达荷美-奥克斯人对昆虫叮咬过敏症的皮内试验和血清学试验]。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2222-9202
Laura Schäfer, Lydia Tatjana Stahl, Marlene Sickinger, Nina Thom

This case report describes an eosinophilic dermatitis on the prepuce of a Dahomey-Ox caused by an insect bite hypersensitivity against Culicoides spp. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing intradermal allergy and serological testing in cattle.

据作者所知,这是第一份关于牛皮内过敏和血清学检测的报告。
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引用次数: 0
[Retropharyngeal manifestation of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma in a 7-year-old Icelandic gelding]. [一匹 7 岁冰岛骟马的富含 T 细胞的 B 细胞淋巴瘤的咽后表现]。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2246-2910
Samira Klinkel, Julia Marchewski, Swantje Witt, Katja Roscher

A 7-year-old Icelandic gelding was presented with acute severe dyspnea of one day duration and purulent nasal discharge that had been present for 6 weeks. Clinically, the initial examination focused on severe enlargement of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes as well as a mixed dyspnea.The diagnosis of a malignant lymphoma was evident following laboratory diagnostics, endoscopy, and cytological examination of a fine needle aspiration of a mandibular lymph node. The gelding was euthanized due to the poor prognosis and a significantly disturbed general condition. Pathohistological examination revealed a multicentric T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma.

一匹 7 岁的冰岛骟马因急性严重呼吸困难就诊,病程一天,流脓鼻涕 6 周。经实验室诊断、内窥镜检查和下颌淋巴结细针穿刺细胞学检查后,确诊为恶性淋巴瘤。由于预后不良和全身状况明显不佳,这匹阉马被安乐死。病理组织学检查发现了一种多中心富含 T 细胞的 B 细胞淋巴瘤。
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引用次数: 0
Danksagung an die Gutachter / Acknowledgement for Reviewers. Danksagung and die Gutachter /审稿人致谢。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1055/a-2200-9068
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引用次数: 0
[Induction and endocrine control of parturition in domestic mammals - Part 2 - Species-specific aspects and their relevance to the applicability of birth induction procedures]. [国内哺乳动物分娩的诱导和内分泌控制——第2部分——物种特定方面及其与分娩诱导程序适用性的相关性]。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1055/a-2142-3333
Gerhard Schuler

The endocrine regulation of birth is based on an intensive exchange of signals between fetus, placenta and mother. Apart from sheep, our knowledge of the underlying processes is still very incomplete. However, current observations suggest substantial species differences. Of critical importance for the onset of the final steps of the signaling cascade leading to active labor is "prepartum progesterone withdrawal," which is based on luteolysis (e. g., cattle, goat, buffalo, camelids, pig) or a breakdown in placental progestogen production (sheep, horse), depending on the relevant progestogen source in late pregnancy. Knowledge of birth-associated regulatory processes allows species-specific regulatory mechanisms to be mimicked for drug-based induction of labor. Furthermore, species-independent mechanisms such as the inhibition of progesterone receptors are available. In addition to efficacy, other aspects such as tolerability for dams and offspring as well as drug regulations must be taken into account when selecting active ingredients under practical conditions.

出生时的内分泌调节是基于胎儿、胎盘和母亲之间信号的密集交换。除了绵羊,我们对潜在过程的了解仍然非常不完整。然而,目前的观察结果表明,物种之间存在巨大差异。对于导致积极分娩的信号级联的最后步骤的开始至关重要的是“产前孕酮戒断”,这是基于黄体解的(即。 g.牛、山羊、水牛、骆驼、猪)或胎盘孕激素生产中断(绵羊、马),这取决于妊娠晚期的相关孕激素来源。对出生相关调控过程的了解使物种特异性调控机制能够被模仿用于基于药物的引产。此外,物种独立的机制,例如对黄体酮受体的抑制是可用的。在实际条件下选择活性成分时,除了疗效外,还必须考虑其他方面,如对母鼠和后代的耐受性以及药物法规。
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引用次数: 0
[Use of milk haptoglobin concentration as an indicator in animal health monitoring of dairy cows]. [乳中触珠蛋白浓度作为奶牛健康监测指标的应用]。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1055/a-2199-1754
Sarah Plattner, Martin Kammer, Emil Walleser, Stefan Plattner, Nicola Panne, Christian Baumgartner, Dörte Döpfer, Rolf Mansfeld

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate relationships between elevated haptoglobin concentrations in milk and clinical as well as laboratory parameters in early lactating dairy cows. Furthermore, cut-off values should be identified for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.

Material and methods: 1462 dairy cows between 5.-65. days in milk were examined on 68 Bavarian farms. Milk and blood samples were taken once a week for a 7-week period per farm and body-condition-scoring, backfat thickness measurement and Metricheck examination, to evaluate uterine health, were performed. Milk samples were analysed for milk fat, milk protein, lactose, urea, ß-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids (indirect measurement, based on IR spectra), cell count, and milk haptoglobin. Blood samples were analysed for creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, total protein, albumin, creatine kinase, ß-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, and blood haptoglobin.Cluster analyses were performed to determine cut-off values for haptoglobin.

Results: Besides milk haptoglobin (µg/ml) and blood haptoglobin (µg/ml), cell count (cells/ml milk), milk fat (%), milk protein (%), non-esterified fatty acids in blood (mmol/l), lactation number, days in milk, breed, season, and milk yield (kg) were included as significant input variables (p<0.005) in the cluster analyses. Cluster analysis, using k-means resp. k-prototypes algorithms, resulted in 5 (clusters 1-5 M1) resp. 4 different clusters (clusters 0-3 M2 and 0-3 B).A cut-off value of 0.5 µg/ml haptoglobin in milk was determined for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: As milk is an easily available substrate, routine determination of haptoglobin in milk might be a suitable parameter for animal health monitoring. Using the detected cut-off value, apparently healthy animals with subclinical inflammatory diseases can be identified more quickly.

目的:本研究的目的是探讨乳中接触珠蛋白浓度升高与早期泌乳奶牛临床和实验室参数的关系。此外,还应确定区分健康动物和患病动物的临界值。材料与方法:奶牛1462头,年龄在5 -65岁之间。对68个巴伐利亚农场的牛奶进行了检测。每个农场每周采集一次牛奶和血液样本,为期7周,并进行身体状况评分、背部脂肪厚度测量和Metricheck检查,以评估子宫健康。分析牛奶样品的乳脂、乳蛋白、乳糖、尿素、ß-羟基丁酸酯和非酯化脂肪酸(基于红外光谱的间接测量)、细胞计数和乳触珠蛋白。分析血液肌酐、天冬氨酸转氨酶、γ -谷氨酰转移酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、肌酸激酶、ß-羟基丁酸、非酯化脂肪酸和血触珠蛋白。采用聚类分析确定触珠蛋白的临界值。结果:除乳珠蛋白(µg/ml)和血珠蛋白(µg/ml)外,细胞计数(细胞/ml奶)、乳脂(%)、乳蛋白(%)、血液非酯化脂肪酸(mmol/l)、泌乳次数、泌乳天数、品种、季节、产奶量(kg)均为显著输入变量(p1)。4种不同的聚类(聚类0-3 M2和0-3 B),确定牛奶中接触珠蛋白的临界值为0.5µg/ml,以区分健康动物和患病动物。结论及临床意义:由于牛奶是一种容易获得的底物,因此常规测定牛奶中的触珠蛋白可能是动物健康监测的一个合适参数。利用检测到的临界值,可以更快地识别出表面健康的亚临床炎症性疾病动物。
{"title":"[Use of milk haptoglobin concentration as an indicator in animal health monitoring of dairy cows].","authors":"Sarah Plattner, Martin Kammer, Emil Walleser, Stefan Plattner, Nicola Panne, Christian Baumgartner, Dörte Döpfer, Rolf Mansfeld","doi":"10.1055/a-2199-1754","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2199-1754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate relationships between elevated haptoglobin concentrations in milk and clinical as well as laboratory parameters in early lactating dairy cows. Furthermore, cut-off values should be identified for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>1462 dairy cows between 5.-65. days in milk were examined on 68 Bavarian farms. Milk and blood samples were taken once a week for a 7-week period per farm and body-condition-scoring, backfat thickness measurement and Metricheck examination, to evaluate uterine health, were performed. Milk samples were analysed for milk fat, milk protein, lactose, urea, ß-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids (indirect measurement, based on IR spectra), cell count, and milk haptoglobin. Blood samples were analysed for creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, total protein, albumin, creatine kinase, ß-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, and blood haptoglobin.Cluster analyses were performed to determine cut-off values for haptoglobin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Besides milk haptoglobin (µg/ml) and blood haptoglobin (µg/ml), cell count (cells/ml milk), milk fat (%), milk protein (%), non-esterified fatty acids in blood (mmol/l), lactation number, days in milk, breed, season, and milk yield (kg) were included as significant input variables (p<0.005) in the cluster analyses. Cluster analysis, using k-means resp. k-prototypes algorithms, resulted in 5 (clusters 1-5 M<sup>1</sup>) resp. 4 different clusters (clusters 0-3 M<sup>2</sup> and 0-3 B).A cut-off value of 0.5 µg/ml haptoglobin in milk was determined for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>As milk is an easily available substrate, routine determination of haptoglobin in milk might be a suitable parameter for animal health monitoring. Using the detected cut-off value, apparently healthy animals with subclinical inflammatory diseases can be identified more quickly.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"51 6","pages":"346-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age and treatment on the day of embryo transfer in recipient mares affect likelihood of pregnancy. 接受胚胎移植的母马的年龄和处理影响妊娠的可能性。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1055/a-2186-2693
Miguel Blanco, Rob Foss, Anna Tönißen, Karl Rohn, Dominik Burger, Harald Sieme

Objective: This retrospective evaluation of data from a large commercial embryo transfer facility aimed to determine the extent to which age and treatment on the day of embryo transfer in recipient mares influence the likelihood of pregnancy.

Material and methods: Embryo recovery was carried out on days 8-10 post-ovulation using transcervical uterine flushing. Recipient mares grouped according to their age were treated once on the day of embryo transfer (Day 3-8 post ovulation) and were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 groups: Mares in Group A (n=101) received antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Mares in Group B (n=100) received gentamicin and flunixin meglumine. Group C (control) (n=103) did not receive any treatment. Detomidine (0.008 mg/kg bwt i.v.) was administered to all recipients before transfer of the embryo. The influence of treatment and recipient´s age was calculated using binary logistic regression.

Results: Day 16 post-transfer pregnancy rates were highest in Group A (74/101, 73.3a%), when compared to Group B (60/100, 60%), and Group C (57/103, 55.3b%) (a vs b, p<0.05). Pregnancy loss rates at D45 were not different between groups, A (8/74, 10.8%), B (5/60, 8.3%), and C (6/57, 10.5%), respectively (p>0.05). Pregnancy losses were increased in recipient mares 17-22 years (33.3a%) compared to younger recipient mares (2-6 years 7b%, 7-11 years 10%, 12-16 years 8b%) (a:b p<0.05). The regression model showed that the predicted probability for pregnancy after embryo transfer decreased as the age of the recipient mare increased for treated recipients in Group A (p=0.012), there was no effect of treatment and recipient´s age in Group B, and a decreased likelihood of pregnancy in recipients of advanced age (≥12 years of age) in untreated recipients (group C).

Conclusions and clinical relevance: Likelihood of pregnancy increased following single administration of antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs at the time of embryo transfer in recipients 2-12 years of age. Likelihood of pregnancy in recipients decreased in recipients≥12 years of age. These results, obtained under the conditions of a large commercial embryo transfer program, offer an opportunity to improve pregnancy rates in recipient mares≤12 years of age.

目的:对一家大型商业胚胎移植机构的数据进行回顾性评估,旨在确定接受胚胎移植的母马的年龄和治疗对妊娠可能性的影响程度。材料和方法:经宫颈子宫冲洗于排卵后8 ~ 10天进行胚胎恢复。受体母马按年龄分组,于胚胎移植当天(排卵后第3-8天)治疗1次,随机分为3组:A组(101匹)给予抗痉挛、抗菌和抗炎药物治疗。B组(n=100)给予庆大霉素和氟尼新大胺治疗。C组(对照组)(n=103)未接受任何治疗。胚胎移植前,所有受者均给予托咪定(0.008 mg/kg bwt静脉注射)。采用二元logistic回归计算治疗方法和受者年龄的影响。结果:移植后第16天A组妊娠率(74/101,73.3a%)高于B组(60/100,60%)和C组(57/103,55.3b%) (A vs B, p0.05)。与较年轻的受体母马(2-6岁7b%, 7-11岁10%,12-16岁8b%)相比,17-22岁的受体母马的妊娠损失增加(33.3a%) (a:b)结论和临床相关性:2-12岁的受体母马在胚胎移植时单次使用抗痉挛、抗菌和抗炎药物后妊娠的可能性增加。年龄≥12岁的接受者怀孕的可能性降低。这些结果是在大型商业胚胎移植项目的条件下获得的,为提高≤12岁的受体母马的妊娠率提供了机会。
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引用次数: 0
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