Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1055/a-2219-9102
Frederike Wehrle, Udo Moog, Karsten Donat, Heike Köhler, Anne Klassen
Objective: In Germany, only few data on the current distribution of paratuberculosis in sheep and goat flocks is available. The present study provides an overview of the distribution of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in 165 Thuringian sheep and goat flocks. Also, the study investigated the association between the MAP status of the flock and herd specific factors as well as the association between the individual measured value of ELISA and animal specific factors like age, body condition, sex, and animal species.
Material and methods: To investigate the prevalence of MAP, serum samples from 2550 sheep and 1171 goats from 165 flocks (flock size 2 to 2879 animals) were serologically examined for MAP antibodies in 2021. Additionally, 1 to 6 environmental faecal samples were collected from every flock depending on the flock size. They were examined for the presence of MAP by using both bacteriological cultivation and a commercially available real-time-PCR.
Results: MAP antibodies were detected in 41 sheep (1.6%) and 29 goats (2.5%), which accounts to a detection of MAP antibodies in 20.6% of the 165 flocks (on herd level). The symptoms of paratuberculosis, weight loss with preserved appetite and altered fecal consistency, were observed in only four of the flocks. A positive association was identified between the detection of MAP or MAP-specific antibodies in a flock and flock size, as well as positive association between the measured value in the Elisa (s/p ratio) and the age of the animal. Furthermore, an association between an increasing s/p ratio of the ELISA and a decreasing body condition was found.
Conclusion and clinical relevance: Given what is known about the distribution of paratuberculosis in small ruminants, this disease should always be considered as a possible cause of weight loss and diarrhea. In case of high within-herd prevalence herd-specific control measures should be considered. In serological herd monitoring, animals with poor body condition should preferably be included in the sample, as the probability of being able to identify MAP positive animals is higher here.
{"title":"[Prevalence of paratuberculosis in Thuringian sheep and goat flocks].","authors":"Frederike Wehrle, Udo Moog, Karsten Donat, Heike Köhler, Anne Klassen","doi":"10.1055/a-2219-9102","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2219-9102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In Germany, only few data on the current distribution of paratuberculosis in sheep and goat flocks is available. The present study provides an overview of the distribution of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) in 165 Thuringian sheep and goat flocks. Also, the study investigated the association between the MAP status of the flock and herd specific factors as well as the association between the individual measured value of ELISA and animal specific factors like age, body condition, sex, and animal species.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of MAP, serum samples from 2550 sheep and 1171 goats from 165 flocks (flock size 2 to 2879 animals) were serologically examined for MAP antibodies in 2021. Additionally, 1 to 6 environmental faecal samples were collected from every flock depending on the flock size. They were examined for the presence of MAP by using both bacteriological cultivation and a commercially available real-time-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MAP antibodies were detected in 41 sheep (1.6%) and 29 goats (2.5%), which accounts to a detection of MAP antibodies in 20.6% of the 165 flocks (on herd level). The symptoms of paratuberculosis, weight loss with preserved appetite and altered fecal consistency, were observed in only four of the flocks. A positive association was identified between the detection of MAP or MAP-specific antibodies in a flock and flock size, as well as positive association between the measured value in the Elisa (s/p ratio) and the age of the animal. Furthermore, an association between an increasing s/p ratio of the ELISA and a decreasing body condition was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>Given what is known about the distribution of paratuberculosis in small ruminants, this disease should always be considered as a possible cause of weight loss and diarrhea. In case of high within-herd prevalence herd-specific control measures should be considered. In serological herd monitoring, animals with poor body condition should preferably be included in the sample, as the probability of being able to identify MAP positive animals is higher here.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"52 1","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1055/a-2121-5617
{"title":"Akute-Phase-Proteine für Diagnostik und Therapieerfolg der Rhodocoocose des Fohlens.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2121-5617","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2121-5617","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"52 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1055/a-2220-1645
Samet Köse, Adnan Şehu
Objective: Neonatal calf diarrhea is commonly observed worldwide and leads to significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a feed additive supplemented with milk on the incidence of diarrhea days with scours, fecal score, average daily gain, fecal bacterial concentration, and blood parameters in neonatal calves.
Materials and methods: Forty Holstein-Friesian crossbreed (HF x Montbeliarde) calves were divided into control (C) and experimental (E) groups, each containing 20 calves. The study was conducted over a period of 10 days. The control group was fed whole milk twice daily. The experimental group was fed the same whole milk supplemented with feed additive once in the morning at 100 g/calf/day.
Results: At the end of the study, it was determined that the feed additive in the milk affected fecal score, blood pH, pCO2, cHCO3-, K+, cHgb, and plasma glucose levels (p<0.05), but did not affect the incidence of diarrhea, average daily gain, days with scours, and other blood parameters (p>0.05). Rotavirus was the main pathogen found in the fecal samples of calves with diarrhea. Higher concentrations of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Clostridium perfringens were detected in the feces of experimental calves (p<0.001).
Conclusion and clinical relevance: The findings indicate that this feed additive improves fecal score, some blood parameters, and fecal concentration of pathogenic bacteria in feces. Additionally, it shows a favorable effect on both diarrhea incidence and the days with scours, suggesting its potential efficacy in preventing diarrhea in neonatal calves. Preventing diarrhea during this crucial stage of life can contribute to the health and productivity of animals and play a role in preventing antibiotic resistance by reducing reliance on antibiotics.
{"title":"Effects of a commercial feed additive used for prophylactic purposes on health and blood parameters in neonatal calves.","authors":"Samet Köse, Adnan Şehu","doi":"10.1055/a-2220-1645","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2220-1645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Neonatal calf diarrhea is commonly observed worldwide and leads to significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a feed additive supplemented with milk on the incidence of diarrhea days with scours, fecal score, average daily gain, fecal bacterial concentration, and blood parameters in neonatal calves.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty Holstein-Friesian crossbreed (HF x Montbeliarde) calves were divided into control (C) and experimental (E) groups, each containing 20 calves. The study was conducted over a period of 10 days. The control group was fed whole milk twice daily. The experimental group was fed the same whole milk supplemented with feed additive once in the morning at 100 g/calf/day.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the end of the study, it was determined that the feed additive in the milk affected fecal score, blood pH, pCO<sub>2</sub>, cHCO<sub>3</sub> <sup>-</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, cHgb, and plasma glucose levels (p<0.05), but did not affect the incidence of diarrhea, average daily gain, days with scours, and other blood parameters (p>0.05). Rotavirus was the main pathogen found in the fecal samples of calves with diarrhea. Higher concentrations of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> spp., and <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> were detected in the feces of experimental calves (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>The findings indicate that this feed additive improves fecal score, some blood parameters, and fecal concentration of pathogenic bacteria in feces. Additionally, it shows a favorable effect on both diarrhea incidence and the days with scours, suggesting its potential efficacy in preventing diarrhea in neonatal calves. Preventing diarrhea during this crucial stage of life can contribute to the health and productivity of animals and play a role in preventing antibiotic resistance by reducing reliance on antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"52 1","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1055/a-2222-9202
Laura Schäfer, Lydia Tatjana Stahl, Marlene Sickinger, Nina Thom
This case report describes an eosinophilic dermatitis on the prepuce of a Dahomey-Ox caused by an insect bite hypersensitivity against Culicoides spp. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing intradermal allergy and serological testing in cattle.
据作者所知,这是第一份关于牛皮内过敏和血清学检测的报告。
{"title":"[Intradermal and serologic testing for insect bite hypersensitivity in a Dahomey-Ox].","authors":"Laura Schäfer, Lydia Tatjana Stahl, Marlene Sickinger, Nina Thom","doi":"10.1055/a-2222-9202","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2222-9202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes an eosinophilic dermatitis on the prepuce of a Dahomey-Ox caused by an insect bite hypersensitivity against <i>Culicoides</i> spp. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing intradermal allergy and serological testing in cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"52 1","pages":"42-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1055/a-2246-2910
Samira Klinkel, Julia Marchewski, Swantje Witt, Katja Roscher
A 7-year-old Icelandic gelding was presented with acute severe dyspnea of one day duration and purulent nasal discharge that had been present for 6 weeks. Clinically, the initial examination focused on severe enlargement of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes as well as a mixed dyspnea.The diagnosis of a malignant lymphoma was evident following laboratory diagnostics, endoscopy, and cytological examination of a fine needle aspiration of a mandibular lymph node. The gelding was euthanized due to the poor prognosis and a significantly disturbed general condition. Pathohistological examination revealed a multicentric T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma.
一匹 7 岁的冰岛骟马因急性严重呼吸困难就诊,病程一天,流脓鼻涕 6 周。经实验室诊断、内窥镜检查和下颌淋巴结细针穿刺细胞学检查后,确诊为恶性淋巴瘤。由于预后不良和全身状况明显不佳,这匹阉马被安乐死。病理组织学检查发现了一种多中心富含 T 细胞的 B 细胞淋巴瘤。
{"title":"[Retropharyngeal manifestation of T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma in a 7-year-old Icelandic gelding].","authors":"Samira Klinkel, Julia Marchewski, Swantje Witt, Katja Roscher","doi":"10.1055/a-2246-2910","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2246-2910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-year-old Icelandic gelding was presented with acute severe dyspnea of one day duration and purulent nasal discharge that had been present for 6 weeks. Clinically, the initial examination focused on severe enlargement of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes as well as a mixed dyspnea.The diagnosis of a malignant lymphoma was evident following laboratory diagnostics, endoscopy, and cytological examination of a fine needle aspiration of a mandibular lymph node. The gelding was euthanized due to the poor prognosis and a significantly disturbed general condition. Pathohistological examination revealed a multicentric T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"52 1","pages":"46-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1055/a-2200-9068
{"title":"Danksagung an die Gutachter / Acknowledgement for Reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2200-9068","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2200-9068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"51 6","pages":"345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1055/a-2142-3333
Gerhard Schuler
The endocrine regulation of birth is based on an intensive exchange of signals between fetus, placenta and mother. Apart from sheep, our knowledge of the underlying processes is still very incomplete. However, current observations suggest substantial species differences. Of critical importance for the onset of the final steps of the signaling cascade leading to active labor is "prepartum progesterone withdrawal," which is based on luteolysis (e. g., cattle, goat, buffalo, camelids, pig) or a breakdown in placental progestogen production (sheep, horse), depending on the relevant progestogen source in late pregnancy. Knowledge of birth-associated regulatory processes allows species-specific regulatory mechanisms to be mimicked for drug-based induction of labor. Furthermore, species-independent mechanisms such as the inhibition of progesterone receptors are available. In addition to efficacy, other aspects such as tolerability for dams and offspring as well as drug regulations must be taken into account when selecting active ingredients under practical conditions.
{"title":"[Induction and endocrine control of parturition in domestic mammals - Part 2 - Species-specific aspects and their relevance to the applicability of birth induction procedures].","authors":"Gerhard Schuler","doi":"10.1055/a-2142-3333","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2142-3333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The endocrine regulation of birth is based on an intensive exchange of signals between fetus, placenta and mother. Apart from sheep, our knowledge of the underlying processes is still very incomplete. However, current observations suggest substantial species differences. Of critical importance for the onset of the final steps of the signaling cascade leading to active labor is \"prepartum progesterone withdrawal,\" which is based on luteolysis (e. g., cattle, goat, buffalo, camelids, pig) or a breakdown in placental progestogen production (sheep, horse), depending on the relevant progestogen source in late pregnancy. Knowledge of birth-associated regulatory processes allows species-specific regulatory mechanisms to be mimicked for drug-based induction of labor. Furthermore, species-independent mechanisms such as the inhibition of progesterone receptors are available. In addition to efficacy, other aspects such as tolerability for dams and offspring as well as drug regulations must be taken into account when selecting active ingredients under practical conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":" ","pages":"377-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1055/a-2199-1754
Sarah Plattner, Martin Kammer, Emil Walleser, Stefan Plattner, Nicola Panne, Christian Baumgartner, Dörte Döpfer, Rolf Mansfeld
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate relationships between elevated haptoglobin concentrations in milk and clinical as well as laboratory parameters in early lactating dairy cows. Furthermore, cut-off values should be identified for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.
Material and methods: 1462 dairy cows between 5.-65. days in milk were examined on 68 Bavarian farms. Milk and blood samples were taken once a week for a 7-week period per farm and body-condition-scoring, backfat thickness measurement and Metricheck examination, to evaluate uterine health, were performed. Milk samples were analysed for milk fat, milk protein, lactose, urea, ß-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids (indirect measurement, based on IR spectra), cell count, and milk haptoglobin. Blood samples were analysed for creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, total protein, albumin, creatine kinase, ß-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, and blood haptoglobin.Cluster analyses were performed to determine cut-off values for haptoglobin.
Results: Besides milk haptoglobin (µg/ml) and blood haptoglobin (µg/ml), cell count (cells/ml milk), milk fat (%), milk protein (%), non-esterified fatty acids in blood (mmol/l), lactation number, days in milk, breed, season, and milk yield (kg) were included as significant input variables (p<0.005) in the cluster analyses. Cluster analysis, using k-means resp. k-prototypes algorithms, resulted in 5 (clusters 1-5 M1) resp. 4 different clusters (clusters 0-3 M2 and 0-3 B).A cut-off value of 0.5 µg/ml haptoglobin in milk was determined for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.
Conclusion and clinical relevance: As milk is an easily available substrate, routine determination of haptoglobin in milk might be a suitable parameter for animal health monitoring. Using the detected cut-off value, apparently healthy animals with subclinical inflammatory diseases can be identified more quickly.
{"title":"[Use of milk haptoglobin concentration as an indicator in animal health monitoring of dairy cows].","authors":"Sarah Plattner, Martin Kammer, Emil Walleser, Stefan Plattner, Nicola Panne, Christian Baumgartner, Dörte Döpfer, Rolf Mansfeld","doi":"10.1055/a-2199-1754","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2199-1754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate relationships between elevated haptoglobin concentrations in milk and clinical as well as laboratory parameters in early lactating dairy cows. Furthermore, cut-off values should be identified for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>1462 dairy cows between 5.-65. days in milk were examined on 68 Bavarian farms. Milk and blood samples were taken once a week for a 7-week period per farm and body-condition-scoring, backfat thickness measurement and Metricheck examination, to evaluate uterine health, were performed. Milk samples were analysed for milk fat, milk protein, lactose, urea, ß-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids (indirect measurement, based on IR spectra), cell count, and milk haptoglobin. Blood samples were analysed for creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, total protein, albumin, creatine kinase, ß-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, and blood haptoglobin.Cluster analyses were performed to determine cut-off values for haptoglobin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Besides milk haptoglobin (µg/ml) and blood haptoglobin (µg/ml), cell count (cells/ml milk), milk fat (%), milk protein (%), non-esterified fatty acids in blood (mmol/l), lactation number, days in milk, breed, season, and milk yield (kg) were included as significant input variables (p<0.005) in the cluster analyses. Cluster analysis, using k-means resp. k-prototypes algorithms, resulted in 5 (clusters 1-5 M<sup>1</sup>) resp. 4 different clusters (clusters 0-3 M<sup>2</sup> and 0-3 B).A cut-off value of 0.5 µg/ml haptoglobin in milk was determined for the differentiation of healthy and affected animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>As milk is an easily available substrate, routine determination of haptoglobin in milk might be a suitable parameter for animal health monitoring. Using the detected cut-off value, apparently healthy animals with subclinical inflammatory diseases can be identified more quickly.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"51 6","pages":"346-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1055/a-2186-2693
Miguel Blanco, Rob Foss, Anna Tönißen, Karl Rohn, Dominik Burger, Harald Sieme
Objective: This retrospective evaluation of data from a large commercial embryo transfer facility aimed to determine the extent to which age and treatment on the day of embryo transfer in recipient mares influence the likelihood of pregnancy.
Material and methods: Embryo recovery was carried out on days 8-10 post-ovulation using transcervical uterine flushing. Recipient mares grouped according to their age were treated once on the day of embryo transfer (Day 3-8 post ovulation) and were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 groups: Mares in Group A (n=101) received antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Mares in Group B (n=100) received gentamicin and flunixin meglumine. Group C (control) (n=103) did not receive any treatment. Detomidine (0.008 mg/kg bwt i.v.) was administered to all recipients before transfer of the embryo. The influence of treatment and recipient´s age was calculated using binary logistic regression.
Results: Day 16 post-transfer pregnancy rates were highest in Group A (74/101, 73.3a%), when compared to Group B (60/100, 60%), and Group C (57/103, 55.3b%) (a vs b, p<0.05). Pregnancy loss rates at D45 were not different between groups, A (8/74, 10.8%), B (5/60, 8.3%), and C (6/57, 10.5%), respectively (p>0.05). Pregnancy losses were increased in recipient mares 17-22 years (33.3a%) compared to younger recipient mares (2-6 years 7b%, 7-11 years 10%, 12-16 years 8b%) (a:b p<0.05). The regression model showed that the predicted probability for pregnancy after embryo transfer decreased as the age of the recipient mare increased for treated recipients in Group A (p=0.012), there was no effect of treatment and recipient´s age in Group B, and a decreased likelihood of pregnancy in recipients of advanced age (≥12 years of age) in untreated recipients (group C).
Conclusions and clinical relevance: Likelihood of pregnancy increased following single administration of antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs at the time of embryo transfer in recipients 2-12 years of age. Likelihood of pregnancy in recipients decreased in recipients≥12 years of age. These results, obtained under the conditions of a large commercial embryo transfer program, offer an opportunity to improve pregnancy rates in recipient mares≤12 years of age.
目的:对一家大型商业胚胎移植机构的数据进行回顾性评估,旨在确定接受胚胎移植的母马的年龄和治疗对妊娠可能性的影响程度。材料和方法:经宫颈子宫冲洗于排卵后8 ~ 10天进行胚胎恢复。受体母马按年龄分组,于胚胎移植当天(排卵后第3-8天)治疗1次,随机分为3组:A组(101匹)给予抗痉挛、抗菌和抗炎药物治疗。B组(n=100)给予庆大霉素和氟尼新大胺治疗。C组(对照组)(n=103)未接受任何治疗。胚胎移植前,所有受者均给予托咪定(0.008 mg/kg bwt静脉注射)。采用二元logistic回归计算治疗方法和受者年龄的影响。结果:移植后第16天A组妊娠率(74/101,73.3a%)高于B组(60/100,60%)和C组(57/103,55.3b%) (A vs B, p0.05)。与较年轻的受体母马(2-6岁7b%, 7-11岁10%,12-16岁8b%)相比,17-22岁的受体母马的妊娠损失增加(33.3a%) (a:b)结论和临床相关性:2-12岁的受体母马在胚胎移植时单次使用抗痉挛、抗菌和抗炎药物后妊娠的可能性增加。年龄≥12岁的接受者怀孕的可能性降低。这些结果是在大型商业胚胎移植项目的条件下获得的,为提高≤12岁的受体母马的妊娠率提供了机会。
{"title":"Age and treatment on the day of embryo transfer in recipient mares affect likelihood of pregnancy.","authors":"Miguel Blanco, Rob Foss, Anna Tönißen, Karl Rohn, Dominik Burger, Harald Sieme","doi":"10.1055/a-2186-2693","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2186-2693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This retrospective evaluation of data from a large commercial embryo transfer facility aimed to determine the extent to which age and treatment on the day of embryo transfer in recipient mares influence the likelihood of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Embryo recovery was carried out on days 8-10 post-ovulation using transcervical uterine flushing. Recipient mares grouped according to their age were treated once on the day of embryo transfer (Day 3-8 post ovulation) and were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 groups: Mares in Group A (n=101) received antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Mares in Group B (n=100) received gentamicin and flunixin meglumine. Group C (control) (n=103) did not receive any treatment. Detomidine (0.008 mg/kg bwt i.v.) was administered to all recipients before transfer of the embryo. The influence of treatment and recipient´s age was calculated using binary logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Day 16 post-transfer pregnancy rates were highest in Group A (74/101, 73.3<sup>a</sup>%), when compared to Group B (60/100, 60%), and Group C (57/103, 55.3<sup>b</sup>%) (a vs b, p<0.05). Pregnancy loss rates at D45 were not different between groups, A (8/74, 10.8%), B (5/60, 8.3%), and C (6/57, 10.5%), respectively (p>0.05). Pregnancy losses were increased in recipient mares 17-22 years (33.3<sup>a</sup>%) compared to younger recipient mares (2-6 years 7<sup>b</sup>%, 7-11 years 10%, 12-16 years 8<sup>b</sup>%) (a:b p<0.05). The regression model showed that the predicted probability for pregnancy after embryo transfer decreased as the age of the recipient mare increased for treated recipients in Group A (p=0.012), there was no effect of treatment and recipient´s age in Group B, and a decreased likelihood of pregnancy in recipients of advanced age (≥12 years of age) in untreated recipients (group C).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Likelihood of pregnancy increased following single administration of antispasmodic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory drugs at the time of embryo transfer in recipients 2-12 years of age. Likelihood of pregnancy in recipients decreased in recipients≥12 years of age. These results, obtained under the conditions of a large commercial embryo transfer program, offer an opportunity to improve pregnancy rates in recipient mares≤12 years of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"51 6","pages":"358-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}