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Thrombogenicity assessment of perfusable tissue engineered constructs: a systematic review. 可灌注组织工程构建物的血栓形成评估:系统综述。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2024.0078
Luna Maria Haderer, Yijun Zhou, Peter Tang, Assal Daneshgar, Brigitta Globke, Felix Krenzien, Anja Reutzel-Selke, Marie Weinhart, Johann Pratschke, Igor M Sauer, Karl Herbert Hillebrandt, Eriselda Keshi

Vascular surgery faces a critical demand for novel vascular grafts that are biocompatible and thromboresistant. This urgency particularly applies to bypass operations involving small caliber vessels. In the realm of tissue engineering, the development of fully vascularized organs holds great promise as a solution to organ shortage for transplantation. To achieve this, it is imperative to (re-)construct a biocompatible and non-thrombogenic vascular network within these organs. In this systematic review, we identify, classify and discuss basic principles and methods used to perform in vitro/ex vivo dynamic thrombogenicity testing of perfusable tissue engineered organs and tissues. We conducted a pre-registered systematic review of studies published in the last 23 years according to PRISMA-P Guidelines, comprising a systematic data extraction, in-depth analysis and risk of bias assessment of 116 included studies. We identified shaking (n=28), flow loop (n=17), ex vivo (arterio-venous shunt, n=33) and dynamic in vitro models (n=38) as main approaches for thrombogenicity assessment. This comprehensive review unveils a prevalent lack of standardization and serves as a valuable guide in the design of standardized experimental setups.

血管外科对具有生物相容性和抗血栓形成能力的新型血管移植物有着迫切的需求。这种迫切性尤其适用于涉及小口径血管的搭桥手术。在组织工程领域,开发完全血管化的器官是解决器官移植短缺问题的一大希望。要实现这一目标,必须在这些器官内(重新)构建生物相容性和非血栓形成的血管网络。在本系统综述中,我们对用于对可灌注组织工程器官和组织进行体外/体内动态血栓形成性测试的基本原则和方法进行了识别、分类和讨论。我们根据《PRISMA-P 指南》对过去 23 年中发表的研究进行了预先登记的系统综述,包括对 116 项纳入研究的系统数据提取、深入分析和偏倚风险评估。我们发现摇动模型(28 例)、环流模型(17 例)、体外模型(动静脉分流,33 例)和动态体外模型(38 例)是血栓形成性评估的主要方法。本综述揭示了普遍存在的缺乏标准化的问题,对设计标准化实验装置具有重要指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
Biomimetic and Nonbiomimetic Approaches in Dura Substitutes: The Influence of Mechanical Properties. 硬脑膜替代物的仿生和非仿生方法:机械性能的影响。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2024.0079
Nathália Oderich Muniz, Timothée Baudequin

The dura mater, the furthest and strongest layer of the meninges, is crucial for protecting the brain and spinal cord. Its biomechanical behavior is vital, as any alterations can compromise biological functions. In recent decades, interest in the dura mater has increased due to the need for hermetic closure of dural defects prompting the development of several substitutes. Collagen-based dural substitutes are common commercial options, but they lack the complex biological and structural elements of the native dura mater, impacting regeneration and potentially causing complications like wound/postoperative infection and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. To face this issue, recent tissue engineering approaches focus on creating biomimetic dura mater substitutes. The objective of this review is to discuss whether mimicking the mechanical properties of native tissue or ensuring high biocompatibility and bioactivity is more critical in developing effective dural substitutes, or if both aspects should be systematically linked. After a brief description of the properties and architecture of the native cranial dura, we describe the advantages and limitations of biomimetic dura mater substitutes to better understand their relevance. In particular, we consider biomechanical properties' impact on dura repair's effectiveness. Finally, the obstacles and perspectives for developing the ideal dural substitute are explored.

硬脑膜是脑膜中最远和最坚固的一层,对保护大脑和脊髓至关重要。它的生物力学行为至关重要,因为任何改变都会损害生物功能。近几十年来,由于需要对硬脑膜缺损进行气密性闭合,人们对硬脑膜的兴趣与日俱增,促使了多种替代品的开发。基于胶原蛋白的硬脑膜替代物是常见的商业选择,但它们缺乏原生硬脑膜的复杂生物和结构元素,影响了再生,并可能导致伤口/术后感染和脑脊液漏等并发症。面对这一问题,最近的组织工程学方法侧重于创造生物仿真硬脑膜替代物。本综述旨在讨论在开发有效的硬脑膜替代物时,是模仿原生组织的机械特性更重要,还是确保高生物相容性和生物活性更重要,或者这两个方面是否应系统地联系起来。在简要介绍了原生颅骨硬脑膜的特性和结构后,我们描述了生物仿真硬脑膜替代物的优势和局限性,以便更好地理解它们的相关性。我们特别考虑了生物力学特性对硬脑膜修复效果的影响。最后,我们探讨了开发理想硬脑膜替代物的障碍和前景。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Macrophages in Nerve Regeneration: Polarization and Combination with Tissue Engineering. 巨噬细胞在神经再生中的作用:极化与组织工程相结合。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2024.0100
Changqing Li, Yuanyu Song, Xianyu Meng

Peripheral nerve regeneration after trauma poses a substantial clinical challenge that has already been investigated for many years. Infiltration of immune cells is a critical step in the response to nerve damage that creates a supportive microenvironment for regeneration. In this work, we focus on a special type of immune cell, macrophage, in addressing the problem of neuronal regeneration. We discuss the complex endogenous mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury and regrowth vis-à-vis macrophages, including their recruitment, polarization, and interplay with Schwann cells post-trauma. Furthermore, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which exogenous stimuli govern the above events. Finally, we summarize the necessary roles of macrophages in peripheral nerve lesions and reconstruction. There are many challenges in controlling macrophage functions to achieve complete neuronal regeneration, even though considerable progress has been made in understanding the connection between these cells and peripheral nerve damage.

外伤后的周围神经再生是一项巨大的临床挑战,多年来人们一直在对此进行研究。免疫细胞的渗透是神经损伤反应的关键步骤,可为再生创造有利的微环境。在这项工作中,我们重点研究了一种特殊类型的免疫细胞--巨噬细胞,以解决神经元再生问题。我们讨论了与巨噬细胞有关的周围神经损伤和再生的复杂内源性机制,包括巨噬细胞的招募、极化以及与创伤后许旺细胞的相互作用。此外,我们还阐明了外源性刺激影响上述事件的内在机制。最后,我们总结了巨噬细胞在周围神经损伤和重建中的必要作用。尽管在了解巨噬细胞与周围神经损伤之间的联系方面已经取得了相当大的进展,但要控制巨噬细胞的功能以实现神经元的完全再生仍面临许多挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Cellularized Biomaterials Used as Gingival Connective Tissue Substitutes In Vivo: A Systematic Review. 用作体内牙龈结缔组织替代物的细胞化生物材料:系统性综述》(Cellularised Biomaterials Used as Gingival Connective Tissue Substitutes In Vivo: Systematic Review.
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2024.0031
Camille Déchelette, Rawen Smirani, Chantal Médina, Adrien Naveau

Developing an in vitro model of gingival connective tissue that mimics the original structure and composition of gingiva for clinical grafting is relevant for personalized treatment of missing gingiva. Using tissue engineering techniques allows bypassing limitations encountered with existing solutions to increase oral soft tissue volume. This review aims to systematically analyze the different currently existing cellularized materials and technologies used to engineer gingival substitutes for in vivo applications. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. An electronic search on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify suitable studies. In vivo studies about gingival substitutes and grafts containing oral cells compared with a control to investigate the graft remodeling were included. Risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) 10-item checklist. Out of 631 screened studies, 19 were included. Animal models were mostly rodents, and the most used implantation was subcutaneous. According to the SYRCLE tool, low-to-unclear risk of bias was prevalent. Studies checked vascularization and extracellular remodeling up to 60 days after implantation of the cellularized biomaterial. Cells used were mostly fibroblasts and stem cells from oral origin. Grafts presenting vascularization potential after implantation were produced by tissue engineering technologies including cell seeding or embedding for 14, cell sheets for 2, microsphere for 1, and extrusion 3D bioprinting for 2. Components used to build the scaffold containing the cells are all naturally derived and are mainly fibrin, gelatin, collagen, agarose, alginate, fibroin, guar gum, hyaluronic acid, and decellularized extracellular matrix. The most recurring crosslinking method was using chemicals. All studies except one reported vascularization of the graft after implantation, and some detailed extracellular matrix remodeling. Current solutions are not efficient enough. By assessing the relevant studies on the subject, this systematic review showed that a diversity of cellularized biomaterials substituting gingival connective tissue enables vascularization and extracellular remodeling. Taking the results of this review into account could help improve current bio-inks used in 3D bioprinting for in vivo applications compensating for gingival loss.

开发牙龈结缔组织的体外模型,模仿牙龈的原始结构和组成进行临床移植,对于牙龈缺失的个性化治疗具有重要意义。利用组织工程技术可以绕过现有解决方案的局限性,增加口腔软组织的体积。本综述旨在系统分析目前用于体内应用牙龈替代物工程的不同细胞化材料和技术。本综述遵循系统综述和元分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)指南。在 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 数据库中进行了电子检索,以确定合适的研究。其中包括有关牙龈替代物和含有口腔细胞的移植物与对照组进行比较以研究移植物重塑的体内研究。采用实验动物实验系统综述中心(SYRCLE)的 10 项检查表对纳入研究的偏倚风险进行了评估。在筛选出的 631 项研究中,有 19 项被纳入。动物模型主要是啮齿类动物,最常用的植入方式是皮下注射。根据 SYRCLE 工具,普遍存在低至不明确的偏倚风险。研究检查了细胞化生物材料植入后 60 天内的血管形成和细胞外重塑情况。使用的细胞主要是成纤维细胞和口腔干细胞。植入后具有血管化潜能的移植物是通过组织工程技术制成的,其中细胞播种或包埋14例,细胞片2例,微球1例,挤压三维生物打印2例。用于构建含有细胞的支架的成分都是天然提取的,主要有纤维蛋白、明胶、胶原蛋白、琼脂糖、藻酸盐、纤维素、瓜尔胶、透明质酸和脱细胞细胞外基质。最常见的交联方法是使用化学品。除一项研究外,其他所有研究都报告了移植物在植入后的血管化情况以及细胞外基质重塑的详细情况。目前的解决方案不够有效。通过对相关研究的评估,本系统性综述显示,替代牙龈结缔组织的多种细胞化生物材料可实现血管化和细胞外基质重塑。将本综述的结果作为参考,有助于改善目前用于三维生物打印的生物墨水,以弥补牙龈缺损的体内应用。
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引用次数: 0
Preconditioning Strategies for Improving the Outcome of Fat Grafting. 改善脂肪移植效果的预处理策略。
IF 5.1 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2024.0090
Francesca Bonomi, Ettore Limido, Andrea Weinzierl, Yves Harder, Michael D Menger, Matthias W Laschke

Autologous fat grafting is a common procedure in plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery. However, it is frequently associated with an unpredictable resorption rate of the graft depending on the engraftment kinetics. This, in turn, is determined by the interaction of the grafted adipose tissue with the tissue at the recipient site. Accordingly, preconditioning strategies have been developed following the principle of exposing these tissues in the pretransplantation phase to stimuli inducing endogenous protective and regenerative cellular adaptations, such as the upregulation of stress-response genes or the release of cytokines and growth factors. As summarized in the present review, these stimuli include hypoxia, dietary restriction, local mechanical stress, heat, and exposure to fractional carbon dioxide laser. Preclinical studies show that they promote cell viability, adipogenesis, and angiogenesis, while reducing inflammation, fibrosis, and cyst formation, resulting in a higher survival rate and quality of fat grafts in different experimental settings. Hence, preconditioning represents a promising approach to improve the outcome of fat grafting in future clinical practice. For this purpose, it is necessary to establish standardized preconditioning protocols for specific clinical applications that are efficient, safe, and easy to implement into routine procedures.

自体脂肪移植是整形、重建和美容手术中常见的一种方法。然而,自体脂肪移植的吸收率往往难以预测,这取决于移植的动力学。而这又取决于移植的脂肪组织与受体部位组织的相互作用。因此,根据在移植前阶段将这些组织暴露于可诱导内源性保护性和再生性细胞适应性的刺激物(如应激反应基因的上调或细胞因子和生长因子的释放)的原则,制定了预处理策略。正如本综述所总结的,这些刺激包括缺氧、饮食限制、局部机械应激、热和暴露于点阵二氧化碳激光。临床前研究表明,它们能促进细胞活力、脂肪生成和血管生成,同时减少炎症、纤维化和囊肿的形成,从而在不同的实验环境中提高脂肪移植的存活率和质量。因此,在未来的临床实践中,预处理是一种很有希望改善脂肪移植效果的方法。为此,有必要针对特定的临床应用制定高效、安全且易于在常规程序中实施的标准化预处理方案。
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引用次数: 0
Ex Vivo Peptide Decoration Strategies on Stem Cell Surfaces for Augmenting Endothelium Interaction. 干细胞表面增强内皮相互作用的离体肽修饰策略。
IF 6.4 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2023.0210
Hee Won Park, Chae Eun Lee, Sungjun Kim, Woo-Jin Jeong, Kyobum Kim

Ischemic vascular diseases remain leading causes of disability and death. Although various clinical therapies have been tried, reperfusion injury is a major issue, occurring when blood recirculates at the damaged lesion. As an alternative approach, cell-based therapy has emerged. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive cellular candidates due to their therapeutic capacities, including differentiation, safety, angiogenesis, and tissue repair. However, low levels of receptors/ligands limit targeted migration of stem cells. Thus, it is important to improve homing efficacy of transplanted MSCs toward damaged endothelium. Among various MSC modulations, ex vivo cell surface engineering could effectively augment homing efficiency by decorating MSC surfaces with alternative receptors/ligands, thereby facilitating intercellular interactions with the endothelium. Especially, exogenous decoration of peptides onto stem cell surfaces could provide appropriate functional signaling moieties to achieve sufficient MSC homing. Based on their protein-like functionalities, high modularity in molecular design, and high specific affinities and multivalency to target receptors, peptides could be representative surface-presentable moieties. Moreover, peptides feature a mild synthetic process, enabling precise control of amino acid composition and sequence. Such ex vivo stem cell surface engineering could be achieved primarily by hydrophobic interactions of the cellular bilayer with peptide-conjugated anchor modules and by covalent conjugation between peptides and available compartments in membranes. To this end, this review provides an overview of currently available peptide-mediated, ex vivo stem cell surface engineering strategies for enhancing MSC homing efficiency by facilitating interactions with endothelial cells. Stem cell surface engineering techniques using peptide-based bioconjugates have the potential to revolutionize current vascular disease treatments while addressing their technical limitations.

缺血性血管疾病(IVD)仍然是导致残疾和死亡的主要原因。尽管已经尝试了各种临床治疗方法,但再灌注损伤是主要问题,发生在血液在受损病变处再循环时。作为一种替代方法,基于细胞的治疗已经出现。间充质干细胞(MSC)由于其治疗能力,包括分化、安全性、血管生成和组织修复,是有吸引力的候选细胞。然而,低水平的受体/配体限制了干细胞的靶向迁移。因此,提高移植MSCs对受损内皮的归巢效率是非常重要的。在各种MSC调节中,离体细胞表面工程可以通过用替代受体/配体修饰MSC表面来有效提高归巢效率,从而促进细胞间与内皮的相互作用。特别是,肽在干细胞表面的外源修饰可以提供适当的功能信号部分来实现足够的MSC归巢。基于其蛋白质样功能、分子设计的高模块性以及对靶受体的高特异性亲和力和多价性,肽可能是具有代表性的表面可呈现部分。此外,肽具有温和的合成过程,能够精确控制氨基酸组成和序列。这种离体干细胞表面工程可以主要通过与肽缀合的锚定模块的细胞双层中的疏水相互作用以及通过肽和膜可用区室之间的共价缀合来实现。为此,本文综述了目前可用的肽介导的离体干细胞表面工程策略,通过促进与内皮细胞的相互作用来提高MSC归巢效率。使用基于肽的生物偶联物的干细胞表面工程技术有可能彻底改变当前的血管疾病治疗,同时解决其技术局限性。关键词:肽,表面修饰,离体细胞表面工程,干细胞,归巢,靶向递送影响声明:缺血性血管疾病是全球健康问题。尽管干细胞显示出治疗的前景,但低归巢能力是限制其有效性的一个限制。为了解决这个缺点,将归巢肽修饰到干细胞表面可以增强细胞迁移、归巢和组织修复。本文综述了目前开发的利用肽增强归巢治疗缺血性血管疾病的离体干细胞表面工程技术。
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引用次数: 0
Nature-Inspired Scarless Healing: Guiding Biomaterials Design for Advanced Therapies. 自然启发的无疤痕愈合:指导先进疗法的生物材料设计。
IF 6.4 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2023.0224
Fernando López Lasaosa, Yin Zhou, Jiliang Song, Yiyan He, Yuwen Cui, Rosa María Bolea Bailo, Zhongwei Gu

The use of biomaterials in the treatment of skin wounds has been steadily increasing over the last two decades. The key to the successful application of biomaterials in scar reduction is the up-to-date knowledge of the actors involved in accelerated healing and the cellular factors that can be implemented in bioinspired materials. Natural models of scarless healing such as oral mucosa, fetal skin and the skin of amphibians, fish, and reptiles are a great source of information. By investigating their microenvironments, cellular factors, and inflammatory self-regulatory systems, a general model of scarless healing can be defined. This review introduces the basic and current concepts of skin wound healing and focuses on providing a detailed overview of the main processes of accelerated healing without scarring. The article outlines the common features and key points that develop and promote scar-free healing. The tissues and healing processes of the selected natural models are described individually (tissue organization, structural components, ratios of cellular factors such as Collagen and transforming growth factor and their mechanisms of regulation of inflammation and scar overgrowth). A comparative work of each natural model concerning healing in human skin is included in the discussion. Finally, the patterns identified through the analysis of each model and their differences from normal healing are presented to facilitate the knowledge for the implementation of new treatments.

在过去的二十年中,生物材料在皮肤伤口治疗中的应用一直在稳步增长。生物材料成功应用于疤痕减少的关键是参与加速愈合和细胞因子的最新知识,这些知识可以在生物灵感材料中实现。口腔粘膜、胎儿皮肤、两栖动物、鱼类和爬行动物的皮肤等无疤痕愈合的自然模型是一个重要的信息来源。通过研究它们的微环境、细胞因子和炎症自我调节系统,可以定义无疤痕愈合的一般模型。这篇综述介绍了皮肤伤口愈合的基本概念和当前的概念,重点提供了一个详细的概述加速愈合无疤痕的主要过程。本文概述了发展和促进无疤痕愈合的共同特点和要点。所选自然模型的组织和愈合过程被单独描述(组织组织、结构成分、胶原和TGF等细胞因子的比例及其对炎症和疤痕过度生长的调节机制)。在讨论中包括了关于人体皮肤愈合的每个自然模型的比较工作。最后,通过分析每个模型确定的模式及其与正常愈合的不同之处,以促进新治疗方法的实施。
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引用次数: 0
From Its Nature to Its Function: Marine-Collagen-Based-Biomaterials for Hard Tissue Applications. 从性质到功能:用于硬组织应用的海洋胶原蛋白生物材料。
IF 6.4 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2023.0077
Gabriela S Diogo, Rogério P Pirraco, Rui L Reis, Tiago H Silva

Impact statement This review discusses the research done using marine collagens (MCs) on biomaterials for bone, cartilage, and osteochondral tissue regenerative applications with the underlying technologies that enable their development, and explains the methodologies used to characterize MCs highlighting their importance, namely regarding the performance of derived biomaterials, and the inherent properties of such collagens. In the second part, the applicability of MCs as biomaterials for hard tissue applications was studied, focusing on the mostly applied fabrication techniques. In conclusion, this review describes the major challenges to be overcome and the forecast for the upcoming years concerning the use of MCs.

对基于胶原蛋白的治疗应用的快速增长的需求需要大量的胶原蛋白储备。商业胶原蛋白主要局限于哺乳动物来源,它们担心人畜共患疾病的转移,此外,陆地动物的过度开发问题,即使如此,也无法满足新月形对胶原蛋白的需求。从海洋生物中提取胶原蛋白,包括脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的废物,既有经济效益,也有环境效益。海洋胶原蛋白易于提取,具有良好的生物相容性和良好的吸收特性,对患者的人畜共患和免疫风险较低,宗教和监管限制较少。本综述讨论了使用海洋胶原蛋白在骨、软骨和骨软骨组织再生应用的生物材料上进行的研究,以及使其发展成为可能的潜在技术。加工海洋胶原蛋白的主要挑战与特定特征有关,如低变性温度和弱机械性能,也得到了解决。传统上,共混物和物理或化学交联处理与传统加工方法的结合仍然用于制备海洋胶原蛋白生物材料。然而,海洋胶原蛋白在医疗保健相关领域,特别是在治疗肌肉骨骼缺陷方面的作用越来越大,这促使科学界探索先进技术,设计和开发安全但功能性强的材料,以更好地满足组织的功能。
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引用次数: 0
Interaction of Macrophages with Bone Healing Microenvironment: Mechanism and Biomaterials. 巨噬细胞与骨愈合微环境的相互作用:机制和生物材料。
IF 6.4 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2023.0157
Xiaoxuan Lu, Jike Gao, Weimin Bao, Jianguang Xu, Xiaoyu Sun, Yuanyin Wang, Bang Li

Extensive bone fractures, which can seriously impact both health and quality of life, cannot easily heal naturally, especially if the patient has an underlying medical condition or is aging. The most promising approach to addressing such fractures is bone regeneration through bone tissue engineering. Bone regeneration is a complex process that consists of three distinct phases: inflammation, repair, and remodeling. Macrophages play a bridging role between the various cells involved in each stage of bone regeneration, interacting with different microenvironments and advancing the bone healing process. Although the origin and function of macrophages have been extensively studied, the mechanisms underlying their interaction with the bone healing microenvironment remain unexplored, including the association of microenvironmental changes with macrophage reprogramming and the role of macrophages in cells in the microenvironment. This review summarizes the bone regeneration process and recent advances in research on interactions between macrophages and the bone healing microenvironment and discusses novel biological strategies to promote bone regeneration by modulating macrophages for the treatment of bone injury and loss.

广泛的骨折会严重影响健康和生活质量,无法轻易自然愈合,尤其是在患者有潜在疾病或正在衰老的情况下。解决此类骨折最有前途的方法是通过骨组织工程进行骨再生。骨再生是一个复杂的过程,包括三个不同的阶段:炎症、修复和重塑。巨噬细胞在参与骨再生每个阶段的各种细胞之间起着桥接作用,与不同的微环境相互作用,促进骨愈合过程。尽管巨噬细胞的起源和功能已经得到了广泛的研究,但它们与骨愈合微环境相互作用的机制仍有待探索,包括微环境变化与巨噬细胞重编程的关系以及巨噬细胞在微环境中细胞中的作用。本文综述了骨再生过程和巨噬细胞与骨愈合微环境相互作用的最新研究进展,并讨论了通过调节巨噬细胞促进骨再生以治疗骨损伤和骨丢失的新生物学策略。
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引用次数: 0
Strategies and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Infertility. 间充质干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡在不孕症中的策略和挑战。
IF 6.4 2区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2023.0094
Yuan-Xing Li, Si-Qi Wei, Shan Li, Peng-Sheng Zheng

Having genetically related offspring remains an unattainable dream for couples with reproductive failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells derived from various human tissues and organs. As critical paracrine effectors of MSCs, extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry and deliver bioactive content, thereby participating in intercellular communication and determining cell fate. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have shown promising therapeutic effects, including repairing injured endometria, restoration of ovarian functions, and improving sperm quantity, morphology, and motility, owing to their regenerative potential, abundant sources, high proliferation rates, low immunogenicity, and lack of ethical issues. However, limited knowledge on purification and isolation of MSC-EVs, therapeutic effects, and unpredictable safety have caused challenges in overcoming female and male infertility. To overcome them, future studies should focus on modification/engineering of MSC-EVs with therapeutic biomolecules and combining attractive biomaterials and MSC-EVs. This review highlights the latest studies on MSC-EVs therapies in infertility and the major challenges that must be overcome before clinical translation.

对于生育失败的夫妇来说,拥有基因相关的后代仍然是一个无法实现的梦想。间充质干细胞(MSCs)是来源于人体各种组织和器官的多能基质细胞。作为间充质干细胞的重要旁分泌效应物,细胞外囊泡(EVs)可以携带和传递生物活性物质,从而参与细胞间通讯并决定细胞命运。间充质干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡(msc - ev)由于其具有再生潜力、来源丰富、增殖率高、免疫原性低、伦理问题少等优点,在修复受损子宫内膜、恢复卵巢功能、改善精子数量、形态和活力等方面显示出良好的治疗效果。然而,对msc - ev的纯化和分离、治疗效果和不可预测的安全性的了解有限,给克服女性和男性不育症带来了挑战。为了克服这些问题,未来的研究应侧重于用治疗性生物分子修饰/工程msc - ev,并将有吸引力的生物材料与msc - ev结合起来。本文综述了msc - ev治疗不孕症的最新研究以及在临床转化之前必须克服的主要挑战。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews
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