Distraction is a major cause of unsafe behaviors and decreased safety performance in a high-attention demanding construction environment. However, few studies have drawn attention on cognitive characteristics of distraction and the method to detect it quantitatively. To fill the gap, this study investigates the correlation between distraction and mental activity using EEG device, aiming to provide a real-time approach to monitor the worker’s distraction objectively. In this study, sustained attention to response task (SART) has been employed to induce the occurrences of distraction in the simulated construction safety inspection tasks. The recorded EEG data was divided into two groups corresponding with task performance: focused and distracted. By analyzing the data through pre-processing and feature extraction methods, the objective is to examine indices that enable to distinguish these two statuses based on time and frequency domain. The metrics proposed are estimated to be associated with cognitive functions like attention deficit and attention allocation, herein serve as an objective assessment of an individual’s sustained attention degrees and cognitive failures. Accordingly, this study facilitated the development of cognitive features of distraction theoretically and made it possible to detect and control the inner distraction leading to unsafe behavior or decreased task performance in practice.
{"title":"Monitoring Distraction of Construction Workers Using a Wearable Electroencephalography (EEG) Device","authors":"Jinjing Ke, Jiayu Chen, Xiaowei Luo","doi":"10.3311/ccc2019-055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2019-055","url":null,"abstract":"Distraction is a major cause of unsafe behaviors and decreased safety performance in a high-attention demanding construction environment. However, few studies have drawn attention on cognitive characteristics of distraction and the method to detect it quantitatively. To fill the gap, this study investigates the correlation between distraction and mental activity using EEG device, aiming to provide a real-time approach to monitor the worker’s distraction objectively. In this study, sustained attention to response task (SART) has been employed to induce the occurrences of distraction in the simulated construction safety inspection tasks. The recorded EEG data was divided into two groups corresponding with task performance: focused and distracted. By analyzing the data through pre-processing and feature extraction methods, the objective is to examine indices that enable to distinguish these two statuses based on time and frequency domain. The metrics proposed are estimated to be associated with cognitive functions like attention deficit and attention allocation, herein serve as an objective assessment of an individual’s sustained attention degrees and cognitive failures. Accordingly, this study facilitated the development of cognitive features of distraction theoretically and made it possible to detect and control the inner distraction leading to unsafe behavior or decreased task performance in practice.","PeriodicalId":231420,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127258064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Design-Build (DB) contracts have been used for many years in the United States of America. The award of a DB contract frequently relies on evaluating which DB team provides for the best value through a multi-criteria evaluation process with price being one of the most important criteria for team selection. To ensure project success, the owner usually has to spend adequate efforts and time during scoping and early design to prepare a program, scope, and budget, which are defined enough to undergo procurement and price generation. This, however, has become a potential burden for the owner, and may lengthen the project development duration. As an alternative to traditional Design-Build, Progressive Design-Build (PDB) provides for the selection of the DB team prior to deciding the program and/or budget for the project. PDB has the advantage of maintaining a single point of accountability and allowing to select a team based mainly on their qualifications with a limited price consideration. Under PDB, the selected team will work with the agency’s stakeholders during the early design while helping the owner to balance scope and budget. The key to understanding PDB, however, lies in the ongoing and complete involvement of the owner in the early design phase. Due to the differences between PDB and the other project delivery methods (e.g., traditional DB), several factors must be considered carefully to assure the successful implementation of PDB. However, information on PDB is lacking because of its novelty. This paper aims to investigate the implementation of PDB by conducting a case study of the University of Washington’s pilot PDB project for completing the West Campus Utility Plant (WCUP). The project’s entire delivery process and organizational structures are summarized and presented.
{"title":"Implementing Progressive Design Build, a Case Study: UW West Campus Utility Plant","authors":"Luming Shang, G. Migliaccio","doi":"10.3311/ccc2019-050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2019-050","url":null,"abstract":"Design-Build (DB) contracts have been used for many years in the United States of America. The award of a DB contract frequently relies on evaluating which DB team provides for the best value through a multi-criteria evaluation process with price being one of the most important criteria for team selection. To ensure project success, the owner usually has to spend adequate efforts and time during scoping and early design to prepare a program, scope, and budget, which are defined enough to undergo procurement and price generation. This, however, has become a potential burden for the owner, and may lengthen the project development duration. As an alternative to traditional Design-Build, Progressive Design-Build (PDB) provides for the selection of the DB team prior to deciding the program and/or budget for the project. PDB has the advantage of maintaining a single point of accountability and allowing to select a team based mainly on their qualifications with a limited price consideration. Under PDB, the selected team will work with the agency’s stakeholders during the early design while helping the owner to balance scope and budget. The key to understanding PDB, however, lies in the ongoing and complete involvement of the owner in the early design phase. Due to the differences between PDB and the other project delivery methods (e.g., traditional DB), several factors must be considered carefully to assure the successful implementation of PDB. However, information on PDB is lacking because of its novelty. This paper aims to investigate the implementation of PDB by conducting a case study of the University of Washington’s pilot PDB project for completing the West Campus Utility Plant (WCUP). The project’s entire delivery process and organizational structures are summarized and presented.","PeriodicalId":231420,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121209834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction project implements a typical project delivery method, procurement method, and contract types that have distinguished characteristics. Selecting the most sufficient method that has the benefits to success and reduces the risk of failure of the project has been a concerning point for project owners. This report is intended to suggest a framework of a project delivery system selection that considers the correlation between the project delivery method, procurement method, and contract types. The application of the tool for the owner will be in two steps. The first step to set up the initial goals and risks of the project to properly evaluate the tools and second step for answering the checklist questions based on the goals and risks that were set by themselves. As the characteristics of each type of delivery, procurement, or contract are defined from previous experience, our tool suggests the prior option of selection combination that can aid the owner's decision.
{"title":"Framework of Project Delivery System Selection Tool Based on Cross Functional Relationship","authors":"Wonkee Cho, M. Hajdu","doi":"10.3311/ccc2019-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2019-017","url":null,"abstract":"Construction project implements a typical project delivery method, procurement method, and contract types that have distinguished characteristics. Selecting the most sufficient method that has the benefits to success and reduces the risk of failure of the project has been a concerning point for project owners. This report is intended to suggest a framework of a project delivery system selection that considers the correlation between the project delivery method, procurement method, and contract types. The application of the tool for the owner will be in two steps. The first step to set up the initial goals and risks of the project to properly evaluate the tools and second step for answering the checklist questions based on the goals and risks that were set by themselves. As the characteristics of each type of delivery, procurement, or contract are defined from previous experience, our tool suggests the prior option of selection combination that can aid the owner's decision.","PeriodicalId":231420,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019","volume":"473 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126843254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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