Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019最新文献_第7页

Energy Retrofitting of a Commercial Building Towards a” Net Zero Energy Building” by Simulation Model 利用模拟模型对商业楼宇进行能源改造，以达到“净零能源楼宇”

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-096

Aakash Patel, Dhruv Ghodasara, Naimish Bhatt, A. Kandya

Energy is one of the major drivers of a growing urban infrastructure development. The consumption of energy by different sectors of urban infrastructure are very high and the amount of energy produce is not enough to meet the huge demand of energy. According to several types of research, it is found that building sector is consuming about 40% of energy which is very significant. For heating and cooling of building sector 32% energy is used and its major impact is greenhouse gas emission. This study presents a simulation model that combines building properties and energy consumption of an existing commercial Building in Ahmedabad city (India). This research targets to study how to integrate active design strategies and energy-efficient building materials to improve the building performance and reduce energy consumption towards Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB). This research will suggest few changes in materials of building will be considered as retrofitting and it can lead to the concept of Net Zero Energy building (NZEB). For the analysis and simulation of energy, DesignBuilder software is used. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

能源是推动城市基础设施发展的主要动力之一。城市基础设施各部门的能源消耗非常高，能源产生量不足以满足巨大的能源需求。根据几种类型的研究，发现建筑部门消耗了大约40%的能源，这是非常重要的。建筑部门的供暖和制冷使用了32%的能源，其主要影响是温室气体排放。本研究提出了结合印度艾哈迈达巴德市现有商业建筑的建筑性能和能耗的仿真模型。本研究旨在研究如何将主动设计策略与节能建筑材料相结合，以提高建筑性能，降低能耗，实现净零能耗建筑(NZEB)。这项研究将表明，建筑材料的很少变化将被认为是改造，它可以导致净零能耗建筑(NZEB)的概念。对于能量的分析和仿真，使用DesignBuilder软件。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 1

Applied Decision-Making Framework for Maintenance Scheduling in Bridge Management 桥梁维修调度决策框架的应用

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-075

Niloofar Montazeri, A. Touran

The deterioration of bridge structures in the United States is a national multibillion-dollar problem. Recent studies and reports show that almost 10% of these bridges need to be repaired or replaced. Therefore, facilitating decision-making for optimal bridge maintenance scheduling is essential for the management of networks of these aging structures where lack of preventative and proactive strategies cause significant consequences. In order to achieve such schedule, analytical methods are required to optimize conflicting factors over the life-cycle of the bridge while considering (i) structural performance and (ii) maintenance cost. An advanced reliability-based decision-making framework for maintenance scheduling of deteriorating bridges is proposed. The outcome is a decision-making framework regarding repair and replacement of the structure over its life-cycle in terms of schedule and type of action to-be-performed on selected components considering system requirements, structure specification, as well as available budget. To implement the proposed framework, and in order to evaluate the performance of the developed methodology, a numerical experiment is developed. The results obtained by applying the methodology on an existing bridge are analyzed and the efficiency and advantages of the procedure are demonstrated. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

在美国，桥梁结构的恶化是一个耗资数十亿美元的全国性问题。最近的研究和报告显示，这些桥梁中有近10%需要维修或更换。因此，促进最佳桥梁维修计划的决策对于这些老化结构网络的管理至关重要，因为缺乏预防性和前瞻性策略会导致严重后果。为了实现这样的进度，需要分析方法在考虑(i)结构性能和(ii)维护成本的同时，优化桥梁生命周期内的冲突因素。提出了一种基于可靠性的退化桥梁维修调度决策框架。结果是一个关于结构在其生命周期内的维修和更换的决策框架，考虑到系统需求、结构规范以及可用预算，根据时间表和要对选定组件执行的操作类型。为了实现所提出的框架，并为了评估所开发方法的性能，进行了数值实验。最后对该方法在一座既有桥梁上的应用结果进行了分析，并证明了该方法的有效性和优越性。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 1

An Overview of Real-time Occupancy Information Acquisition Method for Demand-driven Building Energy Management 需求驱动型建筑能源管理的实时占用信息获取方法综述

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-086

Jiajing Liu, Hanbin Luo, Wenjin Zhang

Efficient building energy management needs to meet both energy savings and user comfort requirements, which relies on the accurate acquisition of occupancy information over time. In order to meet the data requirements of different building application environments, this paper reviews different sensor technologies based on the principle of obtaining occupancy information, and divides them into five categories, namely motion sensors, environmental sensors, radio frequency (RF) sensors, camera, and contextual sensors. A review of the fusion of multiple sensors that have been widely used for building occupancy detection in recent years has also been conducted. The pros and cons of the prior art are discussed in detail, thus future research can better fit the needs of different system control (such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and lighting systems) in different types of buildings. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

高效的建筑能源管理需要同时满足节能和用户舒适度的要求，这依赖于长期准确获取占用信息。为了满足不同建筑应用环境的数据需求，本文基于获取占用信息的原理，综述了不同的传感器技术，并将其分为运动传感器、环境传感器、射频(RF)传感器、摄像头和情境传感器五类。对近年来广泛应用于建筑物占用检测的多传感器融合技术进行了综述。详细讨论了现有技术的优缺点，从而使未来的研究能够更好地适应不同类型建筑物的不同系统控制(如采暖、通风、空调(HVAC)和照明系统)的需求。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 0

Social Identity, Safety Climate and Safety Behavior Among Mine Construction Workers 矿山建筑工人的社会认同、安全气候与安全行为

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-101

Yu-Ru Shen, Jiawen Han, Jiemin Zhang, Zengzhong Wang, Xin-geng Chen, Zhizhou Xu, Jingjing Kong, Xingxiang Zhao, S. Rowlinson

Creating a sound safety climate is accepted as an effective measure to curb unsafe behavior, which is the primary cause of construction accidents. However, the issue is open to debate as to which factors contribute to a sound safety climate. Using questionnaire responses from mine construction workers, this paper examines the impact of social identity on safety climate and hence safety behavior based on the structural equation modeling technique. Results show that workers who identify themselves primarily with their crews have stronger safety climate perceptions, while those workers who have stronger identification with the construction project have weaker safety climate perceptions. Surprisingly, group safety climate fail to mediate the relationship between workers’ group identity and their safety behavior. The results highlight the role of crew leaders in creating a sound safety climate and curbing unsafe behavior. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

营造良好的安全氛围被认为是遏制不安全行为的有效措施，不安全行为是造成建筑事故的主要原因。然而，究竟是哪些因素促成了良好的安全环境，这个问题还有待讨论。本文基于结构方程建模技术，利用矿山建筑工人的问卷调查结果，探讨了社会认同对安全气候和安全行为的影响。结果表明，以工作人员为主要认同对象的工人安全气候感知较强，而对建设项目认同较强的工人安全气候感知较弱。令人惊讶的是，群体安全气候在工人群体认同与安全行为之间没有中介作用。研究结果强调了机组领导在创造良好的安全氛围和遏制不安全行为方面的作用。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 0

Allocating BIM Service Cost—A Taiwan Experience BIM服务成本分摊:台湾经验

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-106

Hsien-Kuan Chang, Wen-der Yu, Ming-Teh Wang, T. Cheng

Benefits of BIM application in building construction projects have been reported by many previous researchers, but very few works were done for the guideline of estimating and allocating of the costs of various BIM uses. Without such a guideline, it is difficult for the owner to determine and budget the selected BIM uses. To meet this need, this paper presents a case study on the estimating and allocating the costs of BIM service based on the 25 BIM Uses defined in the ‘Taiwan BIM Guide’ developed by the Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior (MOI), Taiwan, for implementation of BIM by local construction industry. Appropriate portfolio of BIM Uses should consider the limitation of available resources and specific project characteristics. Only the priority of the 25 BIM Uses need to be selected and budgeted. To estimate and allocate required costs for various BIM uses, the current study proposes a method to determine the relative requirements of costs for different BIM uses by surveying the BIM practitioners from the 10 public social housing projects owned by the Taoyuan City Government using an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. A BIM use cost allocation guideline is provided as a reference to the BIM practitioners to determine the required costs for different BIM Uses. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

在建筑建设项目中应用BIM的好处已经有很多研究者报道，但很少有研究针对BIM的各种应用成本的估算和分配进行指导。如果没有这样的指导方针，业主很难确定和预算所选择的BIM使用。为了满足这一需求，本文提出了一个案例研究，基于台湾内政部建筑研究所(ABRI)制定的“台湾BIM指南”中定义的25种BIM用途，对BIM服务成本的估算和分配进行了研究，以供当地建筑行业实施BIM。适当的BIM使用组合应考虑可用资源的限制和具体的项目特点。只需选择25个BIM用途的优先级并进行预算。为了估算和分配各种BIM使用所需的成本，本研究提出了一种方法，通过对桃园市政府所属的10个公共社会住房项目的BIM从业人员进行调查，采用层次分析法(AHP)确定不同BIM使用的相对成本需求。提供了BIM使用成本分配指南，供BIM从业者参考，以确定不同BIM使用所需的成本。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 0

Application of Building Information Modeling in Facility Management: A Case Study of a Commercial Project 建筑信息模型在设施管理中的应用:以某商业项目为例

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-108

Dhruv Ghodasara, Aakash Patel, Naimish Bhatt, T. Thaker

Adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Facility Management (FM) is effective for integrating Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) for providing better services to the end-users of a project for a whole lifecycle. Real estate sector in India has witnessed high growth in recent times with the rise in demand for commercial as well as residential spaces. Most of them are facing issues related to AEC and are not been able to manage such on-site problems resulting in delaying of projects. It is better to develop proper coordination to provide integrated information about AEC in advance to reduce conflicts occurring during the construction and operational phase. The operational phase of a building is the main contributor to the building lifecycle cost and estimates show that the lifecycle cost is five to seven times higher than the initial investment costs and three times the construction cost. There is a lack of real-life case studies on BIM in FM especially for existing assets even though new constructions representing only 1-2 percent of the total building stock in a typical year. So a case study of a commercial project is taken for Facility Management using BIM as a tool and analyzed for probable solutions for mitigating AEC conflicts. The findings from the study demonstrate that BIM value in FM stems from improvement to current manual processes of information handover; improvement to the accuracy of FM data, to the accessibility of FM data and in work order execution ultimately improving the sustainability of building construction projects. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

在设施管理(FM)中采用建筑信息模型(BIM)可以有效地整合建筑、工程和施工(AEC)，为项目的最终用户提供更好的全生命周期服务。近年来，随着商业和住宅空间需求的增加，印度的房地产行业出现了高增长。他们中的大多数都面临着与AEC相关的问题，并且无法管理这些现场问题，从而导致项目延迟。最好是发展适当的协调，提前提供有关AEC的综合信息，以减少在建设和运营阶段发生的冲突。建筑物的运营阶段是建筑物生命周期成本的主要贡献者，估计表明生命周期成本比初始投资成本高5到7倍，是建筑成本的3倍。在FM中，缺乏关于BIM的实际案例研究，特别是针对现有资产的案例研究，即使在典型的一年里，新建筑只占总建筑存量的1- 2%。因此，本文以一个商业项目为例，对设施管理进行了案例研究，使用BIM作为工具，并分析了缓解AEC冲突的可能解决方案。研究结果表明，BIM在FM中的价值源于对当前手工信息移交流程的改进;提高FM数据的准确性，提高FM数据的可访问性，并在工单执行中最终提高建筑施工项目的可持续性。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 2

The Impact of Construction Dispute on Projects in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa 南非普马兰加省建筑纠纷对工程的影响

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-063

N. Mashwama, W. Thwala, C. Aigbavboa

Construction disputes have a greater effects on the construction industry as opposed to other industries. Especially negative effects are prevalent on the project participants which lead to poor execution of the project. The study investigated the impact of disputes in construction projects in the Mpumalanga Province. The data used in this paper were derived from both primary and secondary sources. The secondary data was collected via a detailed review of related literature. The primary data was collected through a survey questionnaire which was distributed to project participants. Out of the 90 questionnaires sent out, 80 were received back representing 89% response rate. Data received from the questionnaires were analysed using descriptive statistics procedures such as Ms Excel and SPSS software. Findings from the study revealed that; bad relationship between parties, loss of productivity, cost and time overruns, loss of company reputation, loss of professional reputation delayed payment and rework were the main effects of construction disputes in construction projects. Therefore, construction dispute have an effect on most of the project participants which may lead to poor execution, reduced profit margins and budget escalation. Hence Dispute must be resolved as soon as possible to avoid mostly all the effect they have on projects and stakeholders. Furthermore, risk have been identified to be associated with construction dispute, if risk are well managed the occurrence of construction dispute will be reduced. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

与其他行业相比，建筑纠纷对建筑业的影响更大。特别是对项目参与者的负面影响普遍存在，导致项目执行不力。这项研究调查了普马兰加省建设项目纠纷的影响。本文使用的数据来自一手和二手资料。次要资料是通过详细查阅相关文献收集的。主要数据是通过向项目参与者分发的调查问卷收集的。在发出的90份问卷中，收到80份，回复率为89%。从问卷中收到的数据使用描述性统计程序，如Ms Excel和SPSS软件进行分析。研究结果显示;当事人关系不良、生产力损失、成本和时间超支、公司声誉受损、专业声誉受损、延迟付款和返工是建筑工程施工纠纷的主要影响因素。因此，施工纠纷对大多数项目参与者都有影响，可能导致执行力差，利润空间降低和预算升级。因此，纠纷必须尽快解决，以避免它们对项目和利益相关者的影响。此外，风险已被确定与施工纠纷有关，如果风险管理得当，将减少施工纠纷的发生。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 0

Employing Generative Design for Sustainable Construction 在可持续建筑中运用生成设计

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-095

H. Abdallah, Farah Ezzedine, A. Haddad, Ghadeer Salami, Hala Sanboskani, Mayssa Dabaghi, F. Hamzeh

Generative design is the alteration of an object’s shape to optimize its function. Currently, the scope of generative design is limited in the structural civil engineering field. Structural design still follows conventional methods compatible with conventional construction processes. These processes restrict the flexibility in design resulting in structural elements having excess materials to satisfy critical structural capacity requirements. This introduces additional costs and higher environmental impacts. New tools, such as concrete and steel 3D printers, are emerging to enable more complex geometries in construction allowing higher flexibility in design options. Inspired by the above, this paper aims at developing a design engine that provides optimal design solutions to reinforced concrete beams with sufficient structural capacities while using less materials and resources. Based on ACI code design guidelines, a cantilever beam was structurally analyzed to relate geometry parameters to structural capacity. Optimization was achieved by minimizing the depth and the steel reinforcement ratio at each segment along its length. Hence, concrete and steel at each location would take their optimal quantities. This results in lighter and more economic structures conforming to the structural capacities required by the codes. The engine is based on three objective functions that solve for the minimum values of beam depth and reinforcement at each section which optimize cost and CO2 emissions individually or simultaneously. MATLAB was used to design the optimized beam and to calculate the percentage decrease in cost and CO2 emissions between the optimized and conventional beam. A significant reduction ranging between 40% and 52% of cost and between 39% and 51% of CO2 emissions per beam is achieved. If the design engine developed was utilized in parallel with the 3D printing construction method, structures with optimized quantities, materials, and shapes would be developed. Thus, minimizing drastic effects on the environment and achieving reduced costs. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

生成式设计是改变物体的形状以优化其功能。目前，生成设计在结构土木工程领域的应用范围有限。结构设计仍然遵循与传统施工工艺相适应的传统方法。这些过程限制了设计的灵活性，导致结构元件有多余的材料来满足关键的结构容量要求。这带来了额外的成本和更大的环境影响。混凝土和钢材3D打印机等新工具正在出现，可以在建筑中实现更复杂的几何形状，从而实现更高的设计灵活性。受上述启发，本文旨在开发一种设计引擎，在使用较少材料和资源的情况下，为具有足够结构能力的钢筋混凝土梁提供最佳设计解决方案。基于ACI规范设计准则，对悬臂梁的几何参数与结构承载力进行了结构分析。优化是通过最小化深度和每个部分沿其长度的钢筋配筋率来实现的。因此，每个地点的混凝土和钢材都将达到最佳数量。这导致更轻和更经济的结构符合规范所要求的结构能力。该引擎基于三个目标函数，分别或同时求解每个截面的梁深和配筋的最小值，从而优化成本和二氧化碳排放。利用MATLAB对优化后的梁进行设计，并计算优化后的梁与常规梁相比成本和CO2排放量的降低百分比。每根梁的成本显著降低40%至52%，二氧化碳排放量显著降低39%至51%。如果将开发的设计引擎与3D打印施工方法并行使用，将开发出具有优化数量，材料和形状的结构。因此，最大限度地减少对环境的剧烈影响，并实现降低成本。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 3

Using UAV’s and BIM Integration to Improve Infrastructure Delivery – a Case of Gauteng Department of Infrastructure Development, South Africa 利用无人机和BIM集成改善基础设施交付——以南非豪登省基础设施发展部为例

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-127

I. Musonda, Nischolan Pillay

Meeting planned timelines, quality and budget requirements in construction projects is always a challenge and the impact means that resources that should be used in other development projects get re-directed to addressing the problems created by exceeding time, quality and cost aberrations. However, the fourth industrial revolution has not spared the construction industry and it is affecting the way infrastructure is delivered. According to the World Economic Forum, digital technologies have begun to change how infrastructure and the built assets are designed, constructed, operated and maintained. The entry of technology to the industry is also driven by the realization that in order to improve on the delivery of projects, adoption of innovative methods that are based on digital technology is essential as it ensures efficiency and effectiveness in project management, transparency, and record keeping. In this study, we report on the use of drones (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles UAV) to capture site data and how it was integrated to Building Information Modelling (BIM) models to produce as-built drawings and quality checks from comparisons with as-imagined models. Data used in the study was obtained from construction projects sponsored by the Gauteng department of infrastructure, in South Africa. Findings demonstrate that UAV and BIM technology has the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of project delivery. An enhancement in monitoring of work progress during construction, site surveillance, and integration of transformed 3D models to BIM to achieve more effective project management, record keeping, and quality control were observed. The accuracy of the data was also found to be adequate for the purpose of project management tasks. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

在建设项目中，满足计划的时间表、质量和预算要求始终是一个挑战，其影响意味着本应用于其他开发项目的资源被重新定向到解决因超时、质量和成本异常而产生的问题。然而，第四次工业革命并没有幸免于建筑业，它正在影响基础设施的交付方式。根据世界经济论坛的数据，数字技术已经开始改变基础设施和建筑资产的设计、建造、运营和维护方式。为了改善项目交付，采用基于数字技术的创新方法是必不可少的，因为它确保了项目管理的效率和有效性、透明度和记录保存。在本研究中，我们报告了使用无人机(无人驾驶飞行器UAV)来捕获现场数据，以及如何将其集成到建筑信息模型(BIM)模型中，以生成竣工图纸，并通过与想象模型的比较进行质量检查。研究中使用的数据来自南非豪登省基础设施部门资助的建筑项目。研究结果表明，无人机和BIM技术具有提高项目交付效率和有效性的潜力。在施工过程中加强了对工作进度的监控，现场监控，并将转换后的3D模型集成到BIM中，以实现更有效的项目管理，记录保存和质量控制。数据的准确性也足以满足项目管理任务的需要。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

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引用次数: 3

Non-destructive in situ Identification of the Moisture Content in Saline Brick Walls Using Artificial Neural Networks 基于人工神经网络的盐渍砖墙含水率无损原位识别

Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019

Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3311/ccc2019-012

A. Hoła, Ł. Sadowski

The article proposes a method of neuron identification of the moisture content in saline brick walls of historic buildings, carried out on the basis of non-destructive testing. The method is based on the use of artificial neural networks, which were trained, tested and experimentally verified on a set of data constructed for this purpose. The set consists of test results that were obtained using non-destructive methods on a selected representative group of historic masonry buildings. Based on numerical analyzes, an appropriate type and structure of the ANN and learning algorithm were selected. Positive results were obtained, which indicated the possibility of using the proposed method in practice. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Budapest University of Technology and Economics & Diamond Congress Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Creative Construction Conference 2019.

提出了一种基于无损检测的历史建筑含盐砖墙含水率神经元识别方法。该方法基于人工神经网络的使用，该方法在为此目的构建的一组数据上进行了训练，测试和实验验证。该集由使用非破坏性方法对选定的具有代表性的历史砖石建筑组获得的测试结果组成。在数值分析的基础上，选择了合适的人工神经网络类型、结构和学习算法。实验结果表明，该方法在实际应用中是可行的。©2019作者。由布达佩斯科技经济大学和钻石大会有限公司出版。由2019创意建设大会科学委员会负责同行评审。

引用次数: 2