Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1419
Khader Alzawi, I. Abdulrazzaq, Majed Aldobaissi, A. O. Alfalahi
The trichomes and chemical composition of three species of the genus Salvia wild-grown (Salvia lanigera, Salvia spinosa) and cultured (Salvia officinalis) were studied in the Anbar governate, the chemical components of the stem and leaves were studied by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC-MS), in addition to studying the trichomes of the epidermis in the stem and leaves (upper and lower epidermis) by Light microscope. Important differences appeared to us in the chemical study, where it was found that some compounds were found in species without others, which gives them taxonomic importance, also, the trichomes were important in distinguishing the studied species, the species S. spinosa was distinguished by the presence of glandular trichome with funnel form head on the lower epidermis of the leaves and absence non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate flagellated trichomes. S. officinalis was distinguished by the density of non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate –flagellated trichomes, while S. lanigera was distinguished by non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate –branched trichomes, addition to the presence non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate – straight, curved and glandular trichome with globular head in all studied species.
研究了安巴尔省三种野生鼠尾草属(Salvia lanigera, Salvia spinosa)和人工鼠尾草属(Salvia officinalis)的毛状体和化学成分，采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其茎叶的化学成分进行了研究，并在光镜下对其茎叶表皮(上表皮和下表皮)的毛状体进行了研究。我们在化学研究中发现了重要的差异，其中发现一些化合物在物种中没有发现其他化合物，这使得它们在分类上具有重要意义，此外，毛状体对于区分所研究的物种很重要，刺叶草的种类是由叶片下表皮上有漏斗状头的腺状毛状体和没有非腺状多细胞单毛鞭毛状体来区分的。officinalis以非腺状多细胞单毛鞭毛的密度来区分，而S. lanigera则以非腺状多细胞单毛分枝毛的密度来区分，并且在所有被研究物种中都存在非腺状多细胞单毛的直毛、弯毛和球状头腺毛。
{"title":"Chemical comparison and Trichomes types of Salvia species growing in Anbar Governorate – Iraq","authors":"Khader Alzawi, I. Abdulrazzaq, Majed Aldobaissi, A. O. Alfalahi","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1419","url":null,"abstract":"The trichomes and chemical composition of three species of the genus Salvia wild-grown (Salvia lanigera, Salvia spinosa) and cultured (Salvia officinalis) were studied in the Anbar governate, the chemical components of the stem and leaves were studied by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC-MS), in addition to studying the trichomes of the epidermis in the stem and leaves (upper and lower epidermis) by Light microscope. Important differences appeared to us in the chemical study, where it was found that some compounds were found in species without others, which gives them taxonomic importance, also, the trichomes were important in distinguishing the studied species, the species S. spinosa was distinguished by the presence of glandular trichome with funnel form head on the lower epidermis of the leaves and absence non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate flagellated trichomes. S. officinalis was distinguished by the density of non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate –flagellated trichomes, while S. lanigera was distinguished by non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate –branched trichomes, addition to the presence non-glandular multicellular-uniseriate – straight, curved and glandular trichome with globular head in all studied species.","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86791197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1437
Nawfal N. Abed, A. Shihab
The research aims to Compute the Nano topologies of any set, consisting of five or less elements, through the Python programming language, with finding the necessary algorithms for the solution steps, We explain the mechanism of action: In first we will find the equivalence relations on set, and then we must compute the nano topology, and end know who set was semi-open, alpha-open,beta-open Regular open ,pre open and gamma-open set .
{"title":"Compute Nano topology by used the programing language python","authors":"Nawfal N. Abed, A. Shihab","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1437","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to Compute the Nano topologies of any set, consisting of five or less elements, through the Python programming language, with finding the necessary algorithms for the solution steps, We explain the mechanism of action: In first we will find the equivalence relations on set, and then we must compute the nano topology, and end know who set was semi-open, alpha-open,beta-open Regular open ,pre open and gamma-open set .","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91319748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1421
Shwan Khursheed Bashê
The present study is concerned with the Chaetogaster limnaei retrieved from the freshwater snail Physa acuta collected from (March-October 2021) from various locations near Chama-dubz village on the Greater Zab River, Erbil province, Iraq. Some Physicochemical variables, like water temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, and Calcium ion experiment on a freshwater snail. The result showed statistically significant differences among Monthly variations with variables (number of snails, water temperature, pH and DO, and Calcium ion). In addition, isolated the Chaetogaster limnaei from Physa acuta with a prevalence was 5.75% (33/574), which has no dorsal and ventral chaeta approximately 14 to 20 per bundle, lack in segments 3 to 5, and chaetae and a vestige of a prostomium with sharply bent teeth. The identified morphologically and molecularly confirmed by using a COI sequence marker confirmed a 100% match to species with accession number (KF952336.1). As a result, the current study is the first report of Chaetogaster limnaei in Iraq, supported by phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony Methods.
{"title":"Ecology, Morphology and Molecular Confirmation of Chaetogaster limnaei (Annelida: Naididae) retrieved from freshwater snail Physa acuta from Greater Zab River, Iraq.","authors":"Shwan Khursheed Bashê","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1421","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is concerned with the Chaetogaster limnaei retrieved from the freshwater snail Physa acuta collected from (March-October 2021) from various locations near Chama-dubz village on the Greater Zab River, Erbil province, Iraq. Some Physicochemical variables, like water temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, and Calcium ion experiment on a freshwater snail. The result showed statistically significant differences among Monthly variations with variables (number of snails, water temperature, pH and DO, and Calcium ion). In addition, isolated the Chaetogaster limnaei from Physa acuta with a prevalence was 5.75% (33/574), which has no dorsal and ventral chaeta approximately 14 to 20 per bundle, lack in segments 3 to 5, and chaetae and a vestige of a prostomium with sharply bent teeth. The identified morphologically and molecularly confirmed by using a COI sequence marker confirmed a 100% match to species with accession number (KF952336.1). As a result, the current study is the first report of Chaetogaster limnaei in Iraq, supported by phylogenetic analysis using Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony Methods.","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90267364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1427
Nashwa Salhuddin Sultan, Raed Hashim AL-Saqa, Siham J. AL-Faris
The pressure equation of state of Titanium nitrate TiN was investigated in the current work using two equations of state (EOS) from the literature, including the Barden EOS and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, whereas the Bardeen EOS, which is based on interstellar atomic potentials, and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, which is based on the solid mechanics notion of finite strain. The EOSs were processed to identify the impacts of high pressure on the bulk modulus B, Debye temperature θD and lattice constant a, which are characterizations of TiN. Ultimately, a fair comparison of the current findings with the first principle approximation and the generalized gradient approximation approach was conducted, and a perfect agreement was found. It was demonstrated that TiN EOS can be used to calibrate high pressure for chemical compound TiN .
{"title":"Study the change of some physical and chemical properties of TiN under high pressure","authors":"Nashwa Salhuddin Sultan, Raed Hashim AL-Saqa, Siham J. AL-Faris","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1427","url":null,"abstract":"The pressure equation of state of Titanium nitrate TiN was investigated in the current work using two equations of state (EOS) from the literature, including the Barden EOS and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, whereas the Bardeen EOS, which is based on interstellar atomic potentials, and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, which is based on the solid mechanics notion of finite strain. The EOSs were processed to identify the impacts of high pressure on the bulk modulus B, Debye temperature θD and lattice constant a, which are characterizations of TiN. Ultimately, a fair comparison of the current findings with the first principle approximation and the generalized gradient approximation approach was conducted, and a perfect agreement was found. It was demonstrated that TiN EOS can be used to calibrate high pressure for chemical compound TiN .","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76715293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1422
Araf I. Jabbar, Mohammed Z. Thani, Ali I. Khaleel
For the analysis of trimethoprim medication in its pure form and pharmaceutical formulations, precise and accurate microextraction techniques with UV-Vis measurement have been developed and confirmed. In this study, LLE and DLLME procedures were utilized for the separation, pre-concentration, and evaluation of trimethoprim in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations by UV-Vis spectroscopy at 390 nm. The method was validated and applied to the evaluation of trimethoprim in pharmaceutical formulations. Several experimental factors containing the type of dispersive and extraction solvents and their volumes, pH, temperature, and centrifuging time were carried out. Under the ideal conditions, the procedures were linear in the range of 2–45 and 1-10 mg/L, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9961 and 0.9992 for LLE and DLLME, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.52 and 0.21 mg/L. Recovery of the target analyte in pharmaceutical formulations was 99.3%-104.9%.
{"title":"Ion-Pair Complex of Trimethoprim with Alizarin Yellow and its Determination and Extraction by LLE and DLLME","authors":"Araf I. Jabbar, Mohammed Z. Thani, Ali I. Khaleel","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1422","url":null,"abstract":"For the analysis of trimethoprim medication in its pure form and pharmaceutical formulations, precise and accurate microextraction techniques with UV-Vis measurement have been developed and confirmed. In this study, LLE and DLLME procedures were utilized for the separation, pre-concentration, and evaluation of trimethoprim in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations by UV-Vis spectroscopy at 390 nm. The method was validated and applied to the evaluation of trimethoprim in pharmaceutical formulations. Several experimental factors containing the type of dispersive and extraction solvents and their volumes, pH, temperature, and centrifuging time were carried out. Under the ideal conditions, the procedures were linear in the range of 2–45 and 1-10 mg/L, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9961 and 0.9992 for LLE and DLLME, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.52 and 0.21 mg/L. Recovery of the target analyte in pharmaceutical formulations was 99.3%-104.9%.","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85506708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1334
Ibrahim Mustafa Hassan, Mohammed Rashid Abood, Lafta Salman Kadhim
In this study, a geotechnical assessment of gravel and sand deposits were conducted on both sides of the Lower Zab River in the southwest of Kirkuk Governorate/Northern Iraq. geologically the sediment related to Quaternary age and tectonically located at the unstable zone. 5 samples were collected from the study area for the purpose of conducting various geotechnical tests on them and their validity for road works to the sub-base layer and the base layer for asphalt works. The results of the physical tests were shown by grain size analysis of thes aggregates for the samples of the study area, and it was found that they are identical to class (A) According to the American Standard [1], and suitable for use in road works for the sub-base layer. The moisture ratio ranging between (1.95 - 4.26) %. The tests of flatness and elongation showed that the highest percentage of flat-shaped particles was (29%) and longitudinal-shaped particles (19%). The laboratory tests results showed the durability tests such as - Los Angeles test the highest percentage of weight loss was (20.06%), and thus it is valid according to the Iraqi Standard Specification [2] for use in road works. the highest result of test the aggregate impact value of samples is 7.8%, It conforms to the requirements of specifications that must be provided for road works for a sub base layer. Accordingly it is valid for road works. It was found from Proctor test for (5) samples from the study area that the values of the maximum dry density ranged between (2.14-2.28 gm/cm3), and the values of the optimum moisture content ranged between (3.1-2.41%). An asphalt typical mixture was designed for the base layer from the aggregate of the first station S1 as represent station consisting of coarse crushed aggregate 12%, medium crushed aggregate 22%, fine crushed aggregate 20%, river sand 40% and the proportion of filler 6%. The results of the asphalt tests for the ideal station S1 showed that the ideal percentage of asphalt from the weight of the mixture in the asphalt mixture is 4.1, which is within the limits of the specification Roads and Bridges [3]. The percentage of asphalt to the weight of the aggregate after adding the ideal percentage of asphalt showed that its value was 4.3%, As for the stability test result (Marshall), it reached 11.4 kN, and the result of the creep test (Marshall) reached 2.9 mm, and the density was 2.362
{"title":"Validity of the Lower Zab River Sediments for Road and Asphalt Works - Southwest of Kirkuk/Northern Iraq","authors":"Ibrahim Mustafa Hassan, Mohammed Rashid Abood, Lafta Salman Kadhim","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1334","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a geotechnical assessment of gravel and sand deposits were conducted on both sides of the Lower Zab River in the southwest of Kirkuk Governorate/Northern Iraq. geologically the sediment related to Quaternary age and tectonically located at the unstable zone. 5 samples were collected from the study area for the purpose of conducting various geotechnical tests on them and their validity for road works to the sub-base layer and the base layer for asphalt works. \u0000The results of the physical tests were shown by grain size analysis of thes aggregates for the samples of the study area, and it was found that they are identical to class (A) According to the American Standard [1], and suitable for use in road works for the sub-base layer. The moisture ratio ranging between (1.95 - 4.26) %. The tests of flatness and elongation showed that the highest percentage of flat-shaped particles was (29%) and longitudinal-shaped particles (19%). \u0000The laboratory tests results showed the durability tests such as - Los Angeles test the highest percentage of weight loss was (20.06%), and thus it is valid according to the Iraqi Standard Specification [2] for use in road works. the highest result of test the aggregate impact value of samples is 7.8%, It conforms to the requirements of specifications that must be provided for road works for a sub base layer. Accordingly it is valid for road works. It was found from Proctor test for (5) samples from the study area that the values of the maximum dry density ranged between (2.14-2.28 gm/cm3), and the values of the optimum moisture content ranged between (3.1-2.41%). \u0000An asphalt typical mixture was designed for the base layer from the aggregate of the first station S1 as represent station consisting of coarse crushed aggregate 12%, medium crushed aggregate 22%, fine crushed aggregate 20%, river sand 40% and the proportion of filler 6%. The results of the asphalt tests for the ideal station S1 showed that the ideal percentage of asphalt from the weight of the mixture in the asphalt mixture is 4.1, which is within the limits of the specification Roads and Bridges [3]. The percentage of asphalt to the weight of the aggregate after adding the ideal percentage of asphalt showed that its value was 4.3%, As for the stability test result (Marshall), it reached 11.4 kN, and the result of the creep test (Marshall) reached 2.9 mm, and the density was 2.362 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81709142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1337
B. Q. Aziz, Zana M. Rughzai
Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is one of the best geophysical techniques for studying subsurface and groundwater aquifer investigations. In clastic sediments, determining the exact boundary between different layers on the inverse section of ERI is not an easy task due to gradual changes in resistivity between surrounding layers and the granular aquifers. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to indicate a more precise boundary of the granular aquifers (true thickness of aquifers) on the inverse section. Two different models were used: the field model and the laboratory model, in the field model, four different locations were selected. They are located in (Kalar, Chamchamal, Bazyan, and Piramagroon), within the Sulaymaniyah Governorate, NE Iraq. Two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity imaging was carried out along four profiles of 355 m length with a five-meter electrode spacing. The Wenner-Schlumberger array was used for recording the data. For the lab model, a laboratory geological model was constructed has length, height, and width equal to 192, 65, and 45 cm, respectively. Two synthetic profiles were carried out on this model, they have lengths of 190 cm with electrode spacing of 10 cm. The field results indicated that aquifers in clastic sediments on inverse sections always showed anomalies with apparent thicknesses larger than their true thicknesses, which were obtained from the geological column of the wells. In the four studied locations, aquifers' average true thickness is approximately 68.2% of the apparent thicknesses on the inverse sections. The result of the laboratory geological model also showed that the true thickness of the unsaturated gravel is approximately equal to 59.7% of the apparent thickness of the anomaly, which is formed by the dry gravel layer. Also, the true thickness of the saturated gravel is about 57.1% of the apparent thickness of the anomaly, which is formed by the saturated gravel layer. Moreover, the geological model showed that the higher resistivity layer (dry gravel) creates a narrower transitional resistivity zone between clay and gravel than saturated gravel of lower resistivity.
{"title":"2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging to delineate the exact boundary and true thickness of granular aquifers","authors":"B. Q. Aziz, Zana M. Rughzai","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1337","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is one of the best geophysical techniques for studying subsurface and groundwater aquifer investigations. In clastic sediments, determining the exact boundary between different layers on the inverse section of ERI is not an easy task due to gradual changes in resistivity between surrounding layers and the granular aquifers. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to indicate a more precise boundary of the granular aquifers (true thickness of aquifers) on the inverse section. Two different models were used: the field model and the laboratory model, in the field model, four different locations were selected. They are located in (Kalar, Chamchamal, Bazyan, and Piramagroon), within the Sulaymaniyah Governorate, NE Iraq. Two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity imaging was carried out along four profiles of 355 m length with a five-meter electrode spacing. The Wenner-Schlumberger array was used for recording the data. For the lab model, a laboratory geological model was constructed has length, height, and width equal to 192, 65, and 45 cm, respectively. Two synthetic profiles were carried out on this model, they have lengths of 190 cm with electrode spacing of 10 cm. The field results indicated that aquifers in clastic sediments on inverse sections always showed anomalies with apparent thicknesses larger than their true thicknesses, which were obtained from the geological column of the wells. In the four studied locations, aquifers' average true thickness is approximately 68.2% of the apparent thicknesses on the inverse sections. The result of the laboratory geological model also showed that the true thickness of the unsaturated gravel is approximately equal to 59.7% of the apparent thickness of the anomaly, which is formed by the dry gravel layer. Also, the true thickness of the saturated gravel is about 57.1% of the apparent thickness of the anomaly, which is formed by the saturated gravel layer. Moreover, the geological model showed that the higher resistivity layer (dry gravel) creates a narrower transitional resistivity zone between clay and gravel than saturated gravel of lower resistivity.","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84820704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1274
Berun N. Ghafoor, Y. Shwan
Calculations on shielding are required for the building of a gamma ray radiography exposure room to ensure worker exposure to radiation. A measurement used to evaluate the radiation diffusive and absorption characteristics of a medium is the linear attenuation coefficient ( ). Despite the fact that, as radiation moves through a medium, its absorption is influenced by the wavelength of the radiation as well as the thickness and composition of the medium, the linear absorption coefficient is crucial in the interaction of radiation with matter. This research uses a variety of materials as a shield for a gamma radiation source of emitted by Cs-137. The results obtained using a gamma source with a scintillation counter showed that the Half Value Thickness (HVT) of glass and aluminum were 3.57 cm, and 3.39 cm while for standard materials (concrete, iron, and lead) were 2.98 cm, 1.195 cm, and 0.58 cm respectively.
{"title":"Investigate shielding of standard materials and glass for stopping 662 KeV gamma ray penetrations","authors":"Berun N. Ghafoor, Y. Shwan","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1274","url":null,"abstract":"Calculations on shielding are required for the building of a gamma ray radiography exposure room to ensure worker exposure to radiation. A measurement used to evaluate the radiation diffusive and absorption characteristics of a medium is the linear attenuation coefficient ( ). Despite the fact that, as radiation moves through a medium, its absorption is influenced by the wavelength of the radiation as well as the thickness and composition of the medium, the linear absorption coefficient is crucial in the interaction of radiation with matter. This research uses a variety of materials as a shield for a gamma radiation source of emitted by Cs-137. The results obtained using a gamma source with a scintillation counter showed that the Half Value Thickness (HVT) of glass and aluminum were 3.57 cm, and 3.39 cm while for standard materials (concrete, iron, and lead) were 2.98 cm, 1.195 cm, and 0.58 cm respectively.","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82381790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1340
Ahmed Abdullah Khalil, Awny Muhammed Kaftan, Maytham Mustafa Hammoud
Recently, the widespread use of devices in the field of electronics has caused people to worry about safety. Using traditional cryptographic algorithms to build a complete cryptographic environment for embedded applications or the Internet of Things (IoT) will not be possible due to space, power, and speed limitations. The focus is on lightweight encryption to overcome these problems. In this paper, we have developed the (PRESENT) algorithm, which is among the lightweight algorithms that are used in the IOT and that keeps pace with the requirements of communication speed at the present time. We also used a physical part with the developed algorithm (an external unit that is a USB and using it as a fingerprint for the system) to generate the key while ensuring that the system does not work until after the external unit is connected to the calculator to provide more security for the system from breaches. The developed algorithm achieved a high speed of execution faster than the original algorithm and passed standard tests for various files (text, image, audio, video). In addition to increasing the degree of complexity than the original algorithm.
{"title":"Modify PRESENT Algorithm by New technique and key Generator by External unit","authors":"Ahmed Abdullah Khalil, Awny Muhammed Kaftan, Maytham Mustafa Hammoud","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1340","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the widespread use of devices in the field of electronics has caused people to worry about safety. Using traditional cryptographic algorithms to build a complete cryptographic environment for embedded applications or the Internet of Things (IoT) will not be possible due to space, power, and speed limitations. The focus is on lightweight encryption to overcome these problems. In this paper, we have developed the (PRESENT) algorithm, which is among the lightweight algorithms that are used in the IOT and that keeps pace with the requirements of communication speed at the present time. We also used a physical part with the developed algorithm (an external unit that is a USB and using it as a fingerprint for the system) to generate the key while ensuring that the system does not work until after the external unit is connected to the calculator to provide more security for the system from breaches. The developed algorithm achieved a high speed of execution faster than the original algorithm and passed standard tests for various files (text, image, audio, video). In addition to increasing the degree of complexity than the original algorithm.","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87158113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work involved the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives 4,4'-(((sulfonylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(diazene-2,1-dil))bis(2-(1-(4-R)phenyl]-4),5-Dihydro-1H-tetrazol-5-yl(phenol) (where R = OH or OCH3) through the reaction of the substituted amine in THF as a solvent, with sodium azide. FT-IR 1H-NMR Spectrophotometric methods were used to characterize the prepared compounds, the antibacterial activity against four types of bacteria have been studied where it has been proven that tetrazole compounds are more effective than the compounds from which it was derived, and the anticancer activity measured against MCF-7 strains of human breast cells of the synthesized compounds.
{"title":"Preparation, Characterization, Anti-cancer and Antibacterial Evaluation of New Schiff base and Tetrazole Derivatives","authors":"Yuosra Khalaf Alasadi, Fawzi Hameed Jumaa, Mohammed Ghanam Mukhlif, , Safa Mahmood Shawkat","doi":"10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i2.1333","url":null,"abstract":"This work involved the synthesis of tetrazole derivatives 4,4'-(((sulfonylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(diazene-2,1-dil))bis(2-(1-(4-R)phenyl]-4),5-Dihydro-1H-tetrazol-5-yl(phenol) (where R = OH or OCH3) through the reaction of the substituted amine in THF as a solvent, with sodium azide. FT-IR 1H-NMR Spectrophotometric methods were used to characterize the prepared compounds, the antibacterial activity against four types of bacteria have been studied where it has been proven that tetrazole compounds are more effective than the compounds from which it was derived, and the anticancer activity measured against MCF-7 strains of human breast cells of the synthesized compounds.","PeriodicalId":23142,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit Journal of Pure Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85847377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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