Pub Date : 2025-08-11DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.101007
Carolina Ferreira de Oliveira , Pedro Levi Nascimento Oliveira , Jussara Nayanne dos Santos Nascimento , Márcia Kikuyo Notomi , Gabriela de Lima Rodrigues Pinto , Bruna Nobre de Souza , Victoria Gamboa Braga , Vitória Maximiana Soares dos Santos , Luiz Daniel de Barros , Hélio Langoni , Simone Baldini Lucheis , Jonatas Campos de Almeida
Dogs play a crucial role as peri-domestic reservoirs and potential sentinels in the environmental circulation of Trypanosoma cruzi. However, despite their relevance to One Health, seroepidemiological studies on the distribution of T. cruzi in dogs remain scarce. Thus, this study aimed to determine the frequency of anti-T. cruzi IgG antibodies in household and shelter dogs in the municipality of Arapiraca, Alagoas, in the northeastern region of Brazil. Serum samples from 150 dogs from two shelters and 150 from household dogs were tested for IgG anti-T. cruzi antibodies using the Immunofluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) (cut-off ≥ 1:40). Univariate analysis was employed to investigate factors associated with seropositivity for the parasite. Of the animals, 9.0% (27/300) tested positive for anti-T. cruzi antibodies. Shelter dogs (frequency = 77.8%; 21/27) exhibited an odds ratio (OR) = 3.29 (95% CI [1.25 – 8.64]; p = 0.0156) compared to household dogs (frequency = 22.2%; 6/27). The results of this study indicate that shelter dogs are more exposed to the infection and can be used as sentinel animals in local Chagas disease control programs to predict the emergence of cases in human populations.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi in household and shelter dogs in the northeastern region of Brazil","authors":"Carolina Ferreira de Oliveira , Pedro Levi Nascimento Oliveira , Jussara Nayanne dos Santos Nascimento , Márcia Kikuyo Notomi , Gabriela de Lima Rodrigues Pinto , Bruna Nobre de Souza , Victoria Gamboa Braga , Vitória Maximiana Soares dos Santos , Luiz Daniel de Barros , Hélio Langoni , Simone Baldini Lucheis , Jonatas Campos de Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dogs play a crucial role as peri-domestic reservoirs and potential sentinels in the environmental circulation of <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em>. However, despite their relevance to One Health, seroepidemiological studies on the distribution of <em>T. cruzi</em> in dogs remain scarce. Thus, this study aimed to determine the frequency of anti-<em>T. cruzi</em> IgG antibodies in household and shelter dogs in the municipality of Arapiraca, Alagoas, in the northeastern region of Brazil. Serum samples from 150 dogs from two shelters and 150 from household dogs were tested for IgG anti-<em>T. cruzi</em> antibodies using the Immunofluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) (cut-off ≥ 1:40). Univariate analysis was employed to investigate factors associated with seropositivity for the parasite. Of the animals, 9.0% (27/300) tested positive for anti-<em>T. cruzi</em> antibodies. Shelter dogs (frequency = 77.8%; 21/27) exhibited an odds ratio (OR) = 3.29 (95% CI [1.25 – 8.64]; p = 0.0156) compared to household dogs (frequency = 22.2%; 6/27). The results of this study indicate that shelter dogs are more exposed to the infection and can be used as sentinel animals in local Chagas disease control programs to predict the emergence of cases in human populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101007"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.101004
Pamella Almeida Freire Casemiro , Carolina Magri Ferraz , Milena Souza Reis , Mareliza Possa de Menezes , Fernando Luiz Tobias , Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi , Marita Vedovelli Cardozo
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing concern impacting both human and animal health. This cross-sectional and retrospective study analyzed 1,108 clinical samples from dogs treated at a veterinary teaching hospital in Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2019 and 2023. Microbiological cultures were performed on the samples, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using the disk diffusion method. The objective was to identify the main pathogens, assess bacterial resistance patterns, and detect the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Of the samples analyzed, 793 (71.57%) showed bacterial growth, yielding a total of 1,140 isolates, as 268 samples were polymicrobial infections (involving more than one bacterial species). The most affected systems were the oto-dermal system (68.60% [782/1,140]), followed by the urinary system (23.25% [265/1,140]). Among the isolates, Gram-positive bacteria predominated (54.60% [623/1,140]), with Staphylococcus spp. being the most frequent (41.05% [468/1,140]). Among Gram-negative bacteria, the most prevalent species were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.75% [134/1,140]) and Escherichia coli (11.49% [131/1,140]). The highest resistance were associated with sulfonamides/trimethoprim, azithromycin, and ampicillin. Multidrug resistance was identified in 15.01% (136/906) of the isolates, mainly among Enterobacteriaceae (12.80% [116/906]). The findings suggest that bacterial resistance is associated with the intensive use of antimicrobials commonly prescribed by the clinical community in the study area and varies depending on the microorganism and the infected system. In conclusion, continuous surveillance is essential to guide the rational use of antimicrobials, thereby reducing the impact of bacterial resistance. Additionally, analyzing the resistance profiles of clinical isolates is crucial for the effective treatment of dogs requiring antibiotic therapy.
{"title":"Retrospective study on antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from clinical infections in Dogs at a Brazilian Veterinary Teaching hospital","authors":"Pamella Almeida Freire Casemiro , Carolina Magri Ferraz , Milena Souza Reis , Mareliza Possa de Menezes , Fernando Luiz Tobias , Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi , Marita Vedovelli Cardozo","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.101004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.101004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing concern impacting both human and animal health. This cross-sectional and retrospective study analyzed 1,108 clinical samples from dogs treated at a veterinary teaching hospital in Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2019 and 2023. Microbiological cultures were performed on the samples, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined using the disk diffusion method. The objective was to identify the main pathogens, assess bacterial resistance patterns, and detect the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Of the samples analyzed, 793 (71.57%) showed bacterial growth, yielding a total of 1,140 isolates, as 268 samples were polymicrobial infections (involving more than one bacterial species). The most affected systems were the oto-dermal system (68.60% [782/1,140]), followed by the urinary system (23.25% [265/1,140]). Among the isolates, Gram-positive bacteria predominated (54.60% [623/1,140]), with <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp. being the most frequent (41.05% [468/1,140]). Among Gram-negative bacteria, the most prevalent species were <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (11.75% [134/1,140]) and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (11.49% [131/1,140]). The highest resistance were associated with sulfonamides/trimethoprim, azithromycin, and ampicillin. Multidrug resistance was identified in 15.01% (136/906) of the isolates, mainly among Enterobacteriaceae (12.80% [116/906]). The findings suggest that bacterial resistance is associated with the intensive use of antimicrobials commonly prescribed by the clinical community in the study area and varies depending on the microorganism and the infected system. In conclusion, continuous surveillance is essential to guide the rational use of antimicrobials, thereby reducing the impact of bacterial resistance. Additionally, analyzing the resistance profiles of clinical isolates is crucial for the effective treatment of dogs requiring antibiotic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 101004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enteric bacterial infections in reptiles are commonly caused by Gram-negative bacteria with zoonotic importance, with few reports of Gram-positive bacteria as a causative agent of such infections. This case report presents a fatal case of fibrinonecrotic enteritis in a red-footed tortoise. After necropsy, microscopic and microbiological analyses of the small intestine were performed, suggesting the occurrence of a coinfection with two bacteria. Both isolates were subjected to partial 16S-rDNA sequencing and identified as Klebsiella oxytoca and Granulicatella adiacens. While Klebsiella oxytoca is a well-documented pathogen in reptiles, Granulicatella adiacens has previously been reported only in abscesses of domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), injured tissues of Ozark hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi), and human infections, suggesting a potential unexplored zoonotic risk. This is the first report of enteric co-infection with K. oxytoca and G. adiacens, highlighting the need for further investigation into the potential impact of G. adiacens on reptile health and its possible zoonotic implications.
{"title":"Coinfection of Klebsiella oxytoca and Granulicatella adiacens promoting fatal fibrinonecrotic enteritis in a red footed-tortoise (Chelonoidis carbonaria)","authors":"Tainara Soares Weyh , Gabriela Merker Breyer , Carolina Buss Brunner , Flávia Ferrari , Luciana Sonne , Franciele Maboni Siqueira","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enteric bacterial infections in reptiles are commonly caused by Gram-negative bacteria with zoonotic importance, with few reports of Gram-positive bacteria as a causative agent of such infections. This case report presents a fatal case of fibrinonecrotic enteritis in a red-footed tortoise. After necropsy, microscopic and microbiological analyses of the small intestine were performed, suggesting the occurrence of a coinfection with two bacteria. Both isolates were subjected to partial 16S-rDNA sequencing and identified as <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em> and <em>Granulicatella adiacens</em>. While <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em> is a well-documented pathogen in reptiles, <em>Granulicatella adiacens</em> has previously been reported only in abscesses of domestic rabbits (<em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em>), injured tissues of Ozark hellbenders (<em>Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi</em>), and human infections, suggesting a potential unexplored zoonotic risk. This is the first report of enteric co-infection with <em>K. oxytoca</em> and <em>G. adiacens</em>, highlighting the need for further investigation into the potential impact of <em>G. adiacens</em> on reptile health and its possible zoonotic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 100995"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100993
Letícia M.L. Cerazo , Luiza G. Peruchi , Tatiane S. Bruno , Camila Z. Segatto , Gabriel M. Nicácio , Renata N. Cassu
The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of pregabalin in dogs diagnosed with mammary carcinoma undergoing mastectomy with ovariohysterectomy. In a randomized, blinded, clinical, placebo-controlled study, 24 dogs were assigned to receive either an oral pregabalin suspension (4 mg/kg/0.1 mL/kg, Pregabalin group, n = 12) or a placebo solution (0.1 mL/kg, Placebo group, n = 12), administered 60 minutes before and every 8 hours after surgery. The dogs were premedicated with intramuscular (IM) morphine (0.3 mg/kg). Anesthesia was induced with intravenous (IV) propofol at a sufficient dose to allow intubation and was maintained with isoflurane. Intraoperatively, a constant rate infusion of morphine (0.1 mg/kg/h) was maintained until the end of surgery. Meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg, IV) was administered immediately after intubation. Intraoperatively, fentanyl (2.5 µg/kg, IV) was administered to control cardiovascular responses to surgical stimulation. Pain was assessed using the short-form Glasgow Composite Pain Scale 24 hours prior to surgery (baseline) and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours after extubation. Sedation scores were evaluated at the same time points using a descriptive numerical scale. Morphine (0.5 mg/kg, IM) was administered as rescue analgesia. Data were analyzed using t-tests, Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier curve, Mann-Whitney test, and Friedman test. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. Pain scores, sedation scores, and analgesic requirements did not differ significantly between groups. Intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative rescue analgesia were required in 100% and 75% of the dogs, respectively, in both treatment groups. In conclusion, as part of a multimodal analgesic protocol, oral pregabalin at 4 mg/kg every 8 hours did not provide additional postoperative analgesic benefits over placebo in dogs undergoing mastectomy with ovariohysterectomy.
{"title":"Analgesic efficacy of pregabalin in dogs undergoing mastectomy with ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Letícia M.L. Cerazo , Luiza G. Peruchi , Tatiane S. Bruno , Camila Z. Segatto , Gabriel M. Nicácio , Renata N. Cassu","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of pregabalin in dogs diagnosed with mammary carcinoma undergoing mastectomy with ovariohysterectomy. In a randomized, blinded, clinical, placebo-controlled study, 24 dogs were assigned to receive either an oral pregabalin suspension (4 mg/kg/0.1 mL/kg, Pregabalin group, n = 12) or a placebo solution (0.1 mL/kg, Placebo group, n = 12), administered 60 minutes before and every 8 hours after surgery. The dogs were premedicated with intramuscular (IM) morphine (0.3 mg/kg). Anesthesia was induced with intravenous (IV) propofol at a sufficient dose to allow intubation and was maintained with isoflurane. Intraoperatively, a constant rate infusion of morphine (0.1 mg/kg/h) was maintained until the end of surgery. Meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg, IV) was administered immediately after intubation. Intraoperatively, fentanyl (2.5 µg/kg, IV) was administered to control cardiovascular responses to surgical stimulation. Pain was assessed using the short-form Glasgow Composite Pain Scale 24 hours prior to surgery (baseline) and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours after extubation. Sedation scores were evaluated at the same time points using a descriptive numerical scale. Morphine (0.5 mg/kg, IM) was administered as rescue analgesia. Data were analyzed using t-tests, Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier curve, Mann-Whitney test, and Friedman test. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. Pain scores, sedation scores, and analgesic requirements did not differ significantly between groups. Intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative rescue analgesia were required in 100% and 75% of the dogs, respectively, in both treatment groups. In conclusion, as part of a multimodal analgesic protocol, oral pregabalin at 4 mg/kg every 8 hours did not provide additional postoperative analgesic benefits over placebo in dogs undergoing mastectomy with ovariohysterectomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the effect of intravenous furosemide on basal tear secretion in healthy dogs. Six healthy beagle dogs (three males and three females) aged 1.5–2.8 years were enrolled in this randomized, cross-over, blinded study. All dogs were administered one of three medication protocols in a randomized, cross-over manner: high-dose (HD) furosemide (furosemide 4 mg/kg IV), low-dose (LD) furosemide (furosemide 2 mg/kg IV), or placebo (saline 0.3 mL/kg IV). The Schirmer Tear Test II for dogs was performed to measure basal tear secretion before and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the administration of furosemide or saline. Blood samples were collected for total protein (TP) and packed cell volume (PCV) measurements before and 120 min after medication or placebo administration. Basal tear secretion significantly increased in the LD and HD groups compared with that in the placebo group. Significant differences were identified in TP and PCV between the HD and LD, between the HD and placebo groups, and between the LD and placebo groups. In healthy dogs, a significant increase in basal tear secretion was observed in the LD and HD groups compared with that in the placebo group.
本研究探讨了静脉注射速尿对健康犬基底泪液分泌的影响。6只年龄在1.5-2.8岁之间的健康比格犬（3公3母）被纳入这项随机、交叉、盲法研究。所有狗以随机交叉方式接受三种药物方案中的一种：高剂量（HD）呋塞米（呋塞米4mg /kg IV）、低剂量（LD）呋塞米（呋塞米2mg /kg IV）或安慰剂（生理盐水0.3 mL/kg IV）。采用Schirmer Tear Test II测定犬在给药呋塞米或生理盐水前、30、60、90和120分钟后的基础眼泪分泌。在给药前和给药后120分钟采集血样，测定总蛋白（TP）和堆积细胞体积（PCV）。与安慰剂组相比，LD组和HD组的基底泪液分泌明显增加。TP和PCV在HD组和LD组之间、HD组和安慰剂组之间、LD组和安慰剂组之间存在显著差异。因此，在健康犬中，与安慰剂组相比，MD组和HD组的基底泪液分泌显著增加。
{"title":"Effect of single-dose intravenous furosemide on basal tear secretion in healthy dogs","authors":"Keisuke Sugimoto , Miki Yasuike , Akira Matsuda , Yohei Mochizuki , Kiyotaka Arai , Takamasa Itoi , Kenji Kutara , Noritaka Maeta , Yoshiki Itoh","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effect of intravenous furosemide on basal tear secretion in healthy dogs. Six healthy beagle dogs (three males and three females) aged 1.5–2.8 years were enrolled in this randomized, cross-over, blinded study. All dogs were administered one of three medication protocols in a randomized, cross-over manner: high-dose (HD) furosemide (furosemide 4 mg/kg IV), low-dose (LD) furosemide (furosemide 2 mg/kg IV), or placebo (saline 0.3 mL/kg IV). The Schirmer Tear Test II for dogs was performed to measure basal tear secretion before and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the administration of furosemide or saline. Blood samples were collected for total protein (TP) and packed cell volume (PCV) measurements before and 120 min after medication or placebo administration. Basal tear secretion significantly increased in the LD and HD groups compared with that in the placebo group. Significant differences were identified in TP and PCV between the HD and LD, between the HD and placebo groups, and between the LD and placebo groups. In healthy dogs, a significant increase in basal tear secretion was observed in the LD and HD groups compared with that in the placebo group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-17DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100991
Kathleen Cooney , Lori Kogan
Deceased pet aftercare is an important part of a pet owner’s experience and must be handled professionally with great attention to detail by veterinary teams and pet aftercare companies. To facilitate proper body handling, some pet aftercare companies have formed business relationships with veterinary hospitals/clinics, known as a Veterinary Aftercare Ordering Model (VAOM). An alternative model to the VAOM is the Client Aftercare Ordering Model (CAOM), whereby pet owners interact directly with an aftercare company. The goal of this study was to gain insights into veterinary professionals’ experiences and opinions regarding their aftercare model (VAOM or CAOM). An anonymous online survey was distributed through veterinary-related organizations, listservs, and social media sites from March 2024 through July 2024. A total of 772 participants completed the survey, with 21 % of participants reporting currently using a CAOM to support their client’s aftercare ordering needs. The factor reported as most important when using a CAOM was the ability to reduce potential mistakes (e.g., misspelling pet and owner names, contact information, and forgetting memorial item requests). Staff-related factors, including the impact on time needed to review aftercare options with clients, the need to be a liaison between the client and crematory, and the negative perception of appearing to upsell aftercare services, were all rated as more important by veterinary technicians compared to veterinarians. In conclusion, participants found that the use of CAOMs to be positively perceived by their clients and the majority indicated they plan to continue using the model.
{"title":"Pet aftercare ordering models: Evolving to meet the needs of today’s pet owner","authors":"Kathleen Cooney , Lori Kogan","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deceased pet aftercare is an important part of a pet owner’s experience and must be handled professionally with great attention to detail by veterinary teams and pet aftercare companies. To facilitate proper body handling, some pet aftercare companies have formed business relationships with veterinary hospitals/clinics, known as a Veterinary Aftercare Ordering Model (VAOM). An alternative model to the VAOM is the Client Aftercare Ordering Model (CAOM), whereby pet owners interact directly with an aftercare company. The goal of this study was to gain insights into veterinary professionals’ experiences and opinions regarding their aftercare model (VAOM or CAOM). An anonymous online survey was distributed through veterinary-related organizations, listservs, and social media sites from March 2024 through July 2024. A total of 772 participants completed the survey, with 21 % of participants reporting currently using a CAOM to support their client’s aftercare ordering needs. The factor reported as most important when using a CAOM was the ability to reduce potential mistakes (e.g., misspelling pet and owner names, contact information, and forgetting memorial item requests). Staff-related factors, including the impact on time needed to review aftercare options with clients, the need to be a liaison between the client and crematory, and the negative perception of appearing to upsell aftercare services, were all rated as more important by veterinary technicians compared to veterinarians. In conclusion, participants found that the use of CAOMs to be positively perceived by their clients and the majority indicated they plan to continue using the model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 100991"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-17DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100992
Paloma Helena Sanches da Silva, Luíza Bortolotti de Carvalho, Pedro Antônio Bronhara Pimentel, Isabella Oliveira Almeida, Bruna Voltolin de Sena, Paula Baêta da Silva Rios Turquete, Tatiana Geraissate Gorenstein, Eutálio Luiz Mariani Pimenta, Bruno Ferrante, Patrícia Maria Coletto Freitas, Rodrigo dos Santos Horta
Laryngeal tumors are rare in cats and pose a challenging clinical and surgical approach. The presence of vital anatomical structures in the region and the risk of airway obstruction may culminate in perioperative morbidity and mortality. The objective of this report is to describe a successful case of partial laryngectomy performed in a cat with an osteochondroma in the thyroid cartilage and the outcome of the conservative management of the airway achieved using high-flow nasal oxygen without the need for a temporary tracheostomy in the postoperative period. The current survival time and progression-free interval are both 574 days.
{"title":"Partial laryngectomy in a cat with thyroid cartilage osteochondroma: Surgical management and postoperative care","authors":"Paloma Helena Sanches da Silva, Luíza Bortolotti de Carvalho, Pedro Antônio Bronhara Pimentel, Isabella Oliveira Almeida, Bruna Voltolin de Sena, Paula Baêta da Silva Rios Turquete, Tatiana Geraissate Gorenstein, Eutálio Luiz Mariani Pimenta, Bruno Ferrante, Patrícia Maria Coletto Freitas, Rodrigo dos Santos Horta","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laryngeal tumors are rare in cats and pose a challenging clinical and surgical approach. The presence of vital anatomical structures in the region and the risk of airway obstruction may culminate in perioperative morbidity and mortality. The objective of this report is to describe a successful case of partial laryngectomy performed in a cat with an osteochondroma in the thyroid cartilage and the outcome of the conservative management of the airway achieved using high-flow nasal oxygen without the need for a temporary tracheostomy in the postoperative period. The current survival time and progression-free interval are both 574 days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 100992"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mammary neoplasms in male dogs are as rare as in humans, accounting for <1% of all tumors. In a descriptive review of cases diagnosed between 2000 and June 2024, 2,172 mammary neoplasms were identified, of which only four (0.18%) occurred in male dogs. The patients ranged in age from 8 to 11 years, with a mean age of 9.7 years. Histopathological analysis revealed that 75% (3/4) of the cases were malignant, while 25% (1/4) were benign. Among the malignant cases, only one patient exhibited regional metastases. Two patients had concurrent testicular neoplasia, both diagnosed as Leydig cell tumors. Malignant histological subtypes included carcinosarcoma, tubular carcinoma, and carcinoma within a mixed tumor. The only benign tumor identified was a benign mixed tumor. All malignant neoplasms exhibited high expression of hormone receptors, highlighting their potential role in tumor development. Additionally, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, a potential therapeutic target and prognostic factor, was observed. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving prognosis; however, due to the rarity of this condition, diagnosis is often delayed. These findings emphasize the occurrence of these neoplasms in male dogs, and report on complementary techniques to improve therapeutic strategies.
{"title":"Mammary neoplasms in male dogs: A 24-year descriptive study","authors":"Fernanda Freitas Miranda , Lize Amanda Basaglia Borges , Karen Yumi Ribeiro Nakagaki , Camila Costa Abreu , Geovanni Dantas Cassali","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mammary neoplasms in male dogs are as rare as in humans, accounting for <1% of all tumors. In a descriptive review of cases diagnosed between 2000 and June 2024, 2,172 mammary neoplasms were identified, of which only four (0.18%) occurred in male dogs. The patients ranged in age from 8 to 11 years, with a mean age of 9.7 years. Histopathological analysis revealed that 75% (3/4) of the cases were malignant, while 25% (1/4) were benign. Among the malignant cases, only one patient exhibited regional metastases. Two patients had concurrent testicular neoplasia, both diagnosed as Leydig cell tumors. Malignant histological subtypes included carcinosarcoma, tubular carcinoma, and carcinoma within a mixed tumor. The only benign tumor identified was a benign mixed tumor. All malignant neoplasms exhibited high expression of hormone receptors, highlighting their potential role in tumor development. Additionally, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, a potential therapeutic target and prognostic factor, was observed. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving prognosis; however, due to the rarity of this condition, diagnosis is often delayed. These findings emphasize the occurrence of these neoplasms in male dogs, and report on complementary techniques to improve therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 100980"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100979
Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier, Salene Angelini Colombo, Brendhal Almeida Silva, Jéssica Rabelo de Oliveira Persichini, Gabriele Silva Duarte, João Victor Ferreira Campos, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva, Maria Isabel de Azevedo
Sporotrichosis is a neglected zoonotic infection caused by pathogenic Sporothrix species, primarily affecting the skin and lymphatic system but occasionally leading to life-threatening systemic disease in some cases. Brazil bears the highest global burden of cat and human sporotrichosis. Transmission mainly occurs through traumatic inoculation of the fungus via cat bites, scratches, thorns, or wooden splinters. To date, nosocomial transmission of Sporothrix spp. has not been reported. This report describes two cases of healthcare-associated sporotrichosis in cats in Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Both animals (cases 1 and 2) underwent trichotomy at two different veterinary clinics, with both undergoing abdominal ultrasound examination and one (case 2) receiving further venous access. Small skin lesions caused by the trichotomy presented with purulent content approximately six days after the procedure. Samples from the cutaneous lesions were collected and subjected to cytological examination and mycological culture. S. brasiliensis was confirmed through species-specific PCR and calmodulin (CAL) gene sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both isolates clustered with clinical S. brasiliensis isolates extracted from infected cats, dogs, and humans in Brazil. These findings highlight the potential for S. brasiliensis transmission through contaminated fur clippers in veterinary hospitals, underscoring the risk of nosocomial infection in animals.
{"title":"Nosocomial transmission of Sporothrix brasiliensis in two cats","authors":"Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier, Salene Angelini Colombo, Brendhal Almeida Silva, Jéssica Rabelo de Oliveira Persichini, Gabriele Silva Duarte, João Victor Ferreira Campos, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva, Maria Isabel de Azevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sporotrichosis is a neglected zoonotic infection caused by pathogenic <em>Sporothrix</em> species, primarily affecting the skin and lymphatic system but occasionally leading to life-threatening systemic disease in some cases. Brazil bears the highest global burden of cat and human sporotrichosis. Transmission mainly occurs through traumatic inoculation of the fungus via cat bites, scratches, thorns, or wooden splinters. To date, nosocomial transmission of <em>Sporothrix spp.</em> has not been reported. This report describes two cases of healthcare-associated sporotrichosis in cats in Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Both animals (cases 1 and 2) underwent trichotomy at two different veterinary clinics, with both undergoing abdominal ultrasound examination and one (case 2) receiving further venous access. Small skin lesions caused by the trichotomy presented with purulent content approximately six days after the procedure. Samples from the cutaneous lesions were collected and subjected to cytological examination and mycological culture. <em>S. brasiliensis</em> was confirmed through species-specific PCR and calmodulin (<em>CAL</em>) gene sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both isolates clustered with clinical <em>S. brasiliensis</em> isolates extracted from infected cats, dogs, and humans in Brazil. These findings highlight the potential for <em>S. brasiliensis</em> transmission through contaminated fur clippers in veterinary hospitals, underscoring the risk of nosocomial infection in animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 100979"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100981
Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier , Clarissa Helena Santana , Yasmin Gonçalves de Castro , Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho , Tales Fernando da Silva , Vasco Azevedo , Flávia Figueira Aburjaile , Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles , Renato Lima Santos , Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva
Canine pyometra is the most prevalent reproductive disease in female dogs and involves a complex interplay of hormonal and microbial factors. Although Enterobacteriaceae are known to be the main cause of pyometra, up to 25 % of samples remain negative when classic culture methods are used. The lack of growth in conventional media raises the intriguing possibility that non-cultivable microorganisms participate in the disease. Our study aimed to address this knowledge gap by investigating the microbiota in culture-negative uterine samples from dogs with pyometra. The purulent uterine contents of dogs with pyometra (n = 79) were subjected to bacterial culture. Most of the samples showed bacterial growth of Escherichia coli (48/79, 60.7 %) or other bacterial species (25/79, 31.8 %). Samples that tested negative using the classic culture method (6/79=7.5 %) were further analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, and shotgun metagenomics. Only three of these provided DNA of sufficient quality for further analysis, which revealed a mixture of Haemophilus/Aggregatibacter and Fusobacterium/Porphyromonas in two uterine content. In the third sample, Brucella spp. was identified as the main genus. This study suggests that pathogens that are not easily isolated by classical culture methods, including zoonotic species, may be present in the uterus of dogs with pyometra.
{"title":"Metagenomic and 16S rRNA analysis of culture-negative uterine samples identifies Brucella spp. in a female dog with pyometra","authors":"Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier , Clarissa Helena Santana , Yasmin Gonçalves de Castro , Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho , Tales Fernando da Silva , Vasco Azevedo , Flávia Figueira Aburjaile , Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles , Renato Lima Santos , Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine pyometra is the most prevalent reproductive disease in female dogs and involves a complex interplay of hormonal and microbial factors. Although <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> are known to be the main cause of pyometra, up to 25 % of samples remain negative when classic culture methods are used. The lack of growth in conventional media raises the intriguing possibility that non-cultivable microorganisms participate in the disease. Our study aimed to address this knowledge gap by investigating the microbiota in culture-negative uterine samples from dogs with pyometra. The purulent uterine contents of dogs with pyometra (<em>n</em> = 79) were subjected to bacterial culture. Most of the samples showed bacterial growth of <em>Escherichia coli</em> (48/79, 60.7 %) or other bacterial species (25/79, 31.8 %). Samples that tested negative using the classic culture method (6/79=7.5 %) were further analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, and shotgun metagenomics. Only three of these provided DNA of sufficient quality for further analysis, which revealed a mixture of <em>Haemophilus</em>/<em>Aggregatibacter</em> and <em>Fusobacterium</em>/<em>Porphyromonas</em> in two uterine content. In the third sample, <em>Brucella</em> spp. was identified as the main genus. This study suggests that pathogens that are not easily isolated by classical culture methods, including zoonotic species, may be present in the uterus of dogs with pyometra.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 100981"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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