Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100874
Andhika Putra , Curtis Plowgian
A 3.5-year-old male intact domestic short hair cat presented for a chronic wound and crusts over the claw and claw folds over several months. The cat was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus based on the presence of persistent hyperglycemia, glucosuria, and compatible clinical signs which consist of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss. Glipizide (Glucotrol XL, Pfizer, Indonesia) 2.5 mg orally twice daily was prescribed. By the seventeenth day, the patient's claws and skin around the paw had normalized and the abnormal claw sloughed off, revealing a normal claw underneath. Blood glucose, urinalysis and serum fructosamine were also normalized by the thirtieth day. The patient underwent diabetic remission, and the skin and claw lesions have remained in remission and not recurred since the treatment of the diabetes mellitus. This is the first report of a diabetic cat with dermatologic changes to the skin and claw regions. As the diabetes mellitus went into clinical remission, so too did the dermatologic manifestations, even without any specific dermatologic treatment.
{"title":"Uncommon dermatologic manifestation (paronychia) in a cat with diabetes mellitus","authors":"Andhika Putra , Curtis Plowgian","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 3.5-year-old male intact domestic short hair cat presented for a chronic wound and crusts over the claw and claw folds over several months. The cat was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus based on the presence of persistent hyperglycemia, glucosuria, and compatible clinical signs which consist of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss. Glipizide (Glucotrol XL, Pfizer, Indonesia) 2.5 mg orally twice daily was prescribed. By the seventeenth day, the patient's claws and skin around the paw had normalized and the abnormal claw sloughed off, revealing a normal claw underneath. Blood glucose, urinalysis and serum fructosamine were also normalized by the thirtieth day. The patient underwent diabetic remission, and the skin and claw lesions have remained in remission and not recurred since the treatment of the diabetes mellitus. This is the first report of a diabetic cat with dermatologic changes to the skin and claw regions. As the diabetes mellitus went into clinical remission, so too did the dermatologic manifestations, even without any specific dermatologic treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100858
Marcela Wolf , Stephany B. Lucina , Vinícius B.C. Silva , Matheus F. Silveira , Victória G. Silva , Ana P. Sarraff , Cláudia C. Custódio , Marlos G. Sousa
Objective
Myocardial dysfunction in cardio-oncology is generally thought to be related to the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy treatment. However, it is known that some tumors have direct effects on myocardial function. These effects have already been studied in man, but there are no publications of these of the effects in dogs. Novel advanced echocardiographic techniques may allow early detection of myocardial dysfunction when compared to conventional echocardiographic techniques. This study aims to assess myocardial systolic function in dogs with multicentric lymphoma prior to initiation of chemotherapy.
Animals
Fifteen dogs with multicentric lymphoma and nineteen healthy dogs.
Methods
Case-control study. Dogs with multicentric lymphoma and healthy control dogs underwent physical examination, electrocardiography, systolic blood pressure measurement, standard and speckle tracking echocardiography to assess biventricular systolic function.
Results
There were no differences between groups in terms of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameter, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, mitral annular plane systolic excursion and fractional area change of the right ventricle (RV). However, there was a reduction in the values of global circumferential strain (p = 0.0003), RV strain (p = 0.01) and RV tissue motion annular displacement (p < 0.05) in the dogs with lymphoma when compared to the control group.
Conclusions
Speckle tracking techniques appear to demonstrate early systolic dysfunction, primarily affecting the RV, in dogs with lymphoma prior to chemotherapy treatment.
{"title":"Assessment of left and right ventricular systolic function in dogs with multicentric lymphoma","authors":"Marcela Wolf , Stephany B. Lucina , Vinícius B.C. Silva , Matheus F. Silveira , Victória G. Silva , Ana P. Sarraff , Cláudia C. Custódio , Marlos G. Sousa","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Myocardial dysfunction in cardio-oncology is generally thought to be related to the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy treatment. However, it is known that some tumors have direct effects on myocardial function. These effects have already been studied in man, but there are no publications of these of the effects in dogs. Novel advanced echocardiographic techniques may allow early detection of myocardial dysfunction when compared to conventional echocardiographic techniques. This study aims to assess myocardial systolic function in dogs with multicentric lymphoma prior to initiation of chemotherapy.</p></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><p>Fifteen dogs with multicentric lymphoma and nineteen healthy dogs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Case-control study. Dogs with multicentric lymphoma and healthy control dogs underwent physical examination, electrocardiography, systolic blood pressure measurement, standard and speckle tracking echocardiography to assess biventricular systolic function.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no differences between groups in terms of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, left ventricular systolic and diastolic diameter, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, mitral annular plane systolic excursion and fractional area change of the right ventricle (RV). However, there was a reduction in the values of global circumferential strain (p = 0.0003), RV strain (p = 0.01) and RV tissue motion annular displacement (p < 0.05) in the dogs with lymphoma when compared to the control group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Speckle tracking techniques appear to demonstrate early systolic dysfunction, primarily affecting the RV, in dogs with lymphoma prior to chemotherapy treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140290104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100864
Vanessa de C Pereira , Luan C. Henker , Jean C. O Menegatt , Andréia Vielmo , Marianna Bertolini , Wilson M Legramanti , Welden Panziera , Marcele B Bandinelli , Saulo P Pavarini
Lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic neoplasm in dogs. However, cases primarily involving the third eyelid are rarely reported in the species. The subtype most frequently described in this location is marginal zone lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, which has an indolent behavior. A 10-year-old intact female Poodle was presented with a 2-month history of a nodule in the left third eyelid for evaluation. This nodule was surgically excised; however, local recurrence was detected nineteen days postoperatively, with the formation of a mass that expanded and replaced the extraocular orbital tissues and infiltrated the eye. Euthanasia was elected due to the deteriorating clinical condition, and a necropsy was performed. Macroscopically, the mass infiltrated and expanded the eyelids with narrowing of the palpebral fissure, expanded into the orbital space, and infiltrated the cornea and bulbar conjunctiva. Histologically, the mass was composed of sheets of intermediate to large neoplastic lymphocytes, with frequent epitheliotropism and tingible bodies. Neoplastic lymphocytes were immunoreactive for PAX5, CD20, and CD79a and were not immunoreactive for CD3. The neoplasm was restricted to the left eyelid and orbit. A diagnosis of primary third eyelid lymphoma (extranodal) with immunophenotype B and locally aggressive behavior was made based on the macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical findings.
{"title":"Primary third eyelid lymphoma with aggressive local behavior in a dog","authors":"Vanessa de C Pereira , Luan C. Henker , Jean C. O Menegatt , Andréia Vielmo , Marianna Bertolini , Wilson M Legramanti , Welden Panziera , Marcele B Bandinelli , Saulo P Pavarini","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic neoplasm in dogs. However, cases primarily involving the third eyelid are rarely reported in the species. The subtype most frequently described in this location is marginal zone lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, which has an indolent behavior. A 10-year-old intact female Poodle was presented with a 2-month history of a nodule in the left third eyelid for evaluation. This nodule was surgically excised; however, local recurrence was detected nineteen days postoperatively, with the formation of a mass that expanded and replaced the extraocular orbital tissues and infiltrated the eye. Euthanasia was elected due to the deteriorating clinical condition, and a necropsy was performed. Macroscopically, the mass infiltrated and expanded the eyelids with narrowing of the palpebral fissure, expanded into the orbital space, and infiltrated the cornea and bulbar conjunctiva. Histologically, the mass was composed of sheets of intermediate to large neoplastic lymphocytes, with frequent epitheliotropism and tingible bodies. Neoplastic lymphocytes were immunoreactive for PAX5, CD20, and CD79a and were not immunoreactive for CD3. The neoplasm was restricted to the left eyelid and orbit. A diagnosis of primary third eyelid lymphoma (extranodal) with immunophenotype B and locally aggressive behavior was made based on the macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100862
Elise H. Krcatovich, Jason Workman, Karen Stasiak, Richard E Goldstein
Two studies were developed to compare Borrelia burgdorferi antibody detection between the VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus tests. The objective of the first study was to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus B. burgdorferi results using field sourced samples compared to a Western Blot reference method. The sensitivity and specificity of VetScan Flex4 were 81.9 % (95 % CI: 71.9 %-89.5 %) and 89.3 % (95 % CI: 85.2 %-92.9 %) respectively, and SNAP 4Dx Plus's sensitivity and specificity were 80.7 % (95 % CI: 70.6 %-88.6 %) and 92.8 % (95 % CI: 89.1 %-95.5 %) respectively. When comparing VetScan Flex4 and Snap 4Dx Plus, the Simple Kappa Coefficient estimate was 0.76 (95 % CI: 0.69-0.84) indicating substantial agreement between the two methods. McNemar's Test revealed concordance between the two methods was not statistically significant (P = 0.05). The objective of the second study was to evaluate whether VetScan Flex4 differentiates between B. burgdorferi antibodies derived from infection versus vaccination with commonly used canine Lyme vaccines. The sensitivity and specificity of the VetScan Flex4 in differentiating canine Lyme vaccination from infection with Borrelia burgdorferi were 100 % (Se 95 % CI: 78.2 %-100 %; Sp 95 % CI: 91.2 %-100 %). In conclusion, the VetScan Flex4 is a reliably sensitive and specific point-of-care test that is similar to Snap 4Dx Plus, can differentiate between infection and Lyme vaccination, and can be utilized by veterinarians for Lyme disease diagnosis and surveillance of B. burgdorferi exposure.
为了比较 VetScan Flex4 和 SNAP 4Dx Plus 两种检测方法对布氏杆菌抗体的检测效果,我们进行了两项研究。第一项研究的目的是评估 VetScan Flex4 和 SNAP 4Dx Plus B. burgdorferi 检测结果的诊断灵敏度(Se)和特异性(Sp)。VetScan Flex4的灵敏度和特异性分别为81.9%(95% CI:71.9%-89.5%)和89.3%(95% CI:85.2%-92.9%),SNAP 4Dx Plus的灵敏度和特异性分别为80.7%(95% CI:70.6%-88.6%)和92.8%(95% CI:89.1%-95.5%)。在比较 VetScan Flex4 和 Snap 4Dx Plus 时,简单卡帕系数估计值为 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69-0.84),表明两种方法的一致性很高。McNemar 检验表明,两种方法之间的一致性没有统计学意义(P = 0.05)。第二项研究的目的是评估 VetScan Flex4 是否能区分来自感染的 B. burgdorferi 抗体和来自接种常用莱姆犬疫苗的 B. burgdorferi 抗体。VetScan Flex4在区分犬莱姆疫苗接种和感染布氏杆菌方面的灵敏度和特异性均为100%(Se 95% CI:78.2%-100%;Sp 95% CI:91.2%-100%)。总之,VetScan Flex4 是一种灵敏度高、特异性强的可靠的护理点检验,它与 Snap 4Dx Plus 相似,可以区分感染和莱姆疫苗接种,兽医可以用它来诊断莱姆病和监测布氏杆菌暴露。
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of Borrelia burgdorferi antibody detection between the VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus","authors":"Elise H. Krcatovich, Jason Workman, Karen Stasiak, Richard E Goldstein","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two studies were developed to compare <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> antibody detection between the VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus tests. The objective of the first study was to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus <em>B. burgdorferi</em> results using field sourced samples compared to a Western Blot reference method. The sensitivity and specificity of VetScan Flex4 were 81.9 % (95 % CI: 71.9 %-89.5 %) and 89.3 % (95 % CI: 85.2 %-92.9 %) respectively, and SNAP 4Dx Plus's sensitivity and specificity were 80.7 % (95 % CI: 70.6 %-88.6 %) and 92.8 % (95 % CI: 89.1 %-95.5 %) respectively. When comparing VetScan Flex4 and Snap 4Dx Plus, the Simple Kappa Coefficient estimate was 0.76 (95 % CI: 0.69-0.84) indicating substantial agreement between the two methods. McNemar's Test revealed concordance between the two methods was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> = 0.05). The objective of the second study was to evaluate whether VetScan Flex4 differentiates between <em>B. burgdorferi</em> antibodies derived from infection versus vaccination with commonly used canine Lyme vaccines. The sensitivity and specificity of the VetScan Flex4 in differentiating canine Lyme vaccination from infection with <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> were 100 % (Se 95 % CI: 78.2 %-100 %; Sp 95 % CI: 91.2 %-100 %). In conclusion, the VetScan Flex4 is a reliably sensitive and specific point-of-care test that is similar to Snap 4Dx Plus, can differentiate between infection and Lyme vaccination, and can be utilized by veterinarians for Lyme disease diagnosis and surveillance of <em>B. burgdorferi</em> exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973624000187/pdfft?md5=dd65bd192700c98f4072fa03e5826a69&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973624000187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100861
C. Mansour , R. Najjar , R. Chaaya
Pre-emptive analgesia consists of administering drugs such as opioids and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aims to evaluate the intraoperative antinociceptive effects of diclofenac administered alone in premedication or combined with morphine along with its potential influence on recovery of dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. A total of 34 dogs (ASA I or II) admitted for ovariohysterectomy were randomly allocated into three groups according to the drugs given in premedication: Diclofenac (D) (n = 11), Morphine (M) (n = 13) and Diclofenac-Morphine (DM) (n = 10) groups. Induction and maintenance of anesthesia were standardized in all dogs. To assess intraoperative nociception, the heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded during the surgery and at predefined time points: St (steady-state), Cut (cutaneous incision), P1 (first ovarian manipulation), P2 (second ovarian manipulation) and Cerv (cervical manipulation). The dynamic variation of HR (ΔHR) and MAP (ΔMAP) over 2 min was calculated at each time point. After extubation, early quality of recovery was assessed.
Compared to St, a significant increase in HR and MAP at P1, P2 and Cerv was shown in all groups. MAP in the M group was lower at St than in the other groups. The dynamic variation of HR (ΔHR) and MAP (ΔMAP) was significantly less important at P2 and Cerv compared to P1 only in the DM group. Also, a better quality of recovery was shown in the D group compared to the M and DM groups. Diclofenac may be considered a suitable premedication drug and a part of a multimodal anesthetic approach in dogs.
术前镇痛包括使用阿片类药物和非类固醇抗炎药物。本研究旨在评估双氯芬酸在术前单独给药或与吗啡联合给药的术中镇痛效果,以及其对接受卵巢切除术的狗的恢复可能产生的影响。根据预处理中使用的药物,将 34 只接受卵巢切除术的狗(ASA I 级或 II 级)随机分为三组:双氯芬酸组(D)(n=11)、吗啡组(M)(n=13)和双氯芬酸-吗啡组(DM)(n=10)。所有狗的麻醉诱导和维持都是标准化的。为评估术中痛觉,在手术过程中和预定的时间点记录心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP):St(稳态)、Cut(皮肤切口)、P1(第一次卵巢操作)、P2(第二次卵巢操作)和 Cerv(宫颈操作)。计算每个时间点 2 分钟内心率(ΔHR)和血压(ΔMAP)的动态变化。拔管后,对早期恢复质量进行评估。与 St 组相比,各组在 P1、P2 和 Cerv 时的 HR 和 MAP 均有明显增加。M 组在 St 点的 MAP 低于其他组。仅在 DM 组,P2 和 Cerv 时心率(ΔHR)和血压(ΔMAP)的动态变化明显低于 P1。此外,与 M 组和 DM 组相比,D 组的恢复质量更高。双氯芬酸可被视为一种合适的预处理药物,也是狗多模式麻醉方法的一部分。
{"title":"Evaluation of the analgesic effects of diclofenac as a premedication drug in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy","authors":"C. Mansour , R. Najjar , R. Chaaya","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pre-emptive analgesia consists of administering drugs such as opioids and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aims to evaluate the intraoperative antinociceptive effects of diclofenac administered alone in premedication or combined with morphine along with its potential influence on recovery of dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. A total of 34 dogs (ASA I or II) admitted for ovariohysterectomy were randomly allocated into three groups according to the drugs given in premedication: Diclofenac (D) (<em>n</em> = 11), Morphine (M) (<em>n =</em> 13) and Diclofenac-Morphine (DM) (<em>n =</em> 10) groups. Induction and maintenance of anesthesia were standardized in all dogs. To assess intraoperative nociception, the heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded during the surgery and at predefined time points: St (steady-state), Cut (cutaneous incision), P1 (first ovarian manipulation), P2 (second ovarian manipulation) and Cerv (cervical manipulation). The dynamic variation of HR (ΔHR) and MAP (ΔMAP) over 2 min was calculated at each time point. After extubation, early quality of recovery was assessed.</p><p>Compared to St, a significant increase in HR and MAP at P1, P2 and Cerv was shown in all groups. MAP in the M group was lower at St than in the other groups. The dynamic variation of HR (ΔHR) and MAP (ΔMAP) was significantly less important at P2 and Cerv compared to P1 only in the DM group. Also, a better quality of recovery was shown in the D group compared to the M and DM groups. Diclofenac may be considered a suitable premedication drug and a part of a multimodal anesthetic approach in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100860
Taylor Curley, Jenna K. Rooks, Adesola Odunayo
Dentigerous cysts are the most common type of odontogenic cysts and arise from an unerupted tooth. These cysts have stereotypical radiographic and clinical findings. They can be extremely invasive but rarely present as a life-threatening emergency. This case report describes the stabilization and treatment of a 6-year-old mixed breed dog with a dentigerous cyst with concurrent life-threatening hemorrhage. The dog presented with severe oral hemorrhage from the mandibular artery and required multiple blood transfusions. It was ultimately diagnosed with a dentigerous cyst. Complications from dental issues and potential life-threatening complications, such as this case, can be prevented by routine annual oral examination and full mouth dental radiographs if an unerupted tooth is suspected.
牙源性囊肿是牙源性囊肿中最常见的一种,源于未萌出的牙齿。这些囊肿具有刻板的影像学和临床表现。它们可能极具侵袭性,但很少出现危及生命的紧急情况。本病例报告描述了对一只患有齿槽囊肿并同时伴有危及生命的大出血的 6 岁混种犬进行稳定病情和治疗的过程。该犬出现严重的下颌动脉口腔出血,需要多次输血。它最终被诊断为齿状囊肿。牙科问题引起的并发症和潜在的危及生命的并发症(如本病例)可以通过每年例行的口腔检查和全口牙科 X 光片(如果怀疑有未萌出的牙齿)来预防。
{"title":"Life threatening hemorrhage associated with a dentigerous cyst in a dog: Case report","authors":"Taylor Curley, Jenna K. Rooks, Adesola Odunayo","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dentigerous cysts are the most common type of odontogenic cysts and arise from an unerupted tooth. These cysts have stereotypical radiographic and clinical findings. They can be extremely invasive but rarely present as a life-threatening emergency. This case report describes the stabilization and treatment of a 6-year-old mixed breed dog with a dentigerous cyst with concurrent life-threatening hemorrhage. The dog presented with severe oral hemorrhage from the mandibular artery and required multiple blood transfusions. It was ultimately diagnosed with a dentigerous cyst. Complications from dental issues and potential life-threatening complications, such as this case, can be prevented by routine annual oral examination and full mouth dental radiographs if an unerupted tooth is suspected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100859
Mervenur Güvendi , Hüseyin Can , Ahmet Efe Köseoğlu , Sedef Erkunt Alak , Cemal Ün
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and animals. A relationship between variations in the prion gene of some species and susceptibility to prion diseases has been detected. However, variations in the prion protein of cats that have close contact with humans and their effect on prion protein are not well-known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variations of prion protein-encoding gene (PRNP gene) in stray cats and to evaluate variants detected in terms of genetic factors associated with susceptibility or resistance to feline spongiform encephalopathy using bioinformatics tools. For this, cat DNA samples were amplified by a PCR targeting PRNP gene and then sequenced to reveal the variations. Finally, the effects of variants on prion protein were predicted by bioinformatics tools. According to the obtained results, a novel 108 bp deletion and nine SNPs were detected. Among SNPs, five (c314A>G, c.454T>A, c.579G>C, c.642G>C and c.672G>C) were detected for the first time in this study. Bioinformatics findings showed that c.579G>C (Q193H), c.454T>A (Y152N) and c.457G>A (E153K) variants have deleterious effects on prion protein and c.579G>C (Q193H) has high amyloid propensities. This study demonstrates prion protein variants of stray cats and their deleterious effects on prion protein for the first time.
{"title":"First report of a novel 108 bp deletion and five novel SNPs in PRNP gene of stray cats and in silico analysis of their possible relation with feline spongiform encephalopathy","authors":"Mervenur Güvendi , Hüseyin Can , Ahmet Efe Köseoğlu , Sedef Erkunt Alak , Cemal Ün","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and animals. A relationship between variations in the prion gene of some species and susceptibility to prion diseases has been detected. However, variations in the prion protein of cats that have close contact with humans and their effect on prion protein are not well-known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variations of prion protein-encoding gene (PRNP gene) in stray cats and to evaluate variants detected in terms of genetic factors associated with susceptibility or resistance to feline spongiform encephalopathy using bioinformatics tools. For this, cat DNA samples were amplified by a PCR targeting PRNP gene and then sequenced to reveal the variations. Finally, the effects of variants on prion protein were predicted by bioinformatics tools. According to the obtained results, a novel 108 bp deletion and nine SNPs were detected. Among SNPs, five (c314A>G, c.454T>A, c.579G>C, c.642G>C and c.672G>C) were detected for the first time in this study. Bioinformatics findings showed that c.579G>C (Q193H), c.454T>A (Y152N) and c.457G>A (E153K) variants have deleterious effects on prion protein and c.579G>C (Q193H) has high amyloid propensities. This study demonstrates prion protein variants of stray cats and their deleterious effects on prion protein for the first time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100856
Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi , Camila Alves da Silveira , Janyni Duz , Isabella Teixeira Caçapietra Pires da Silva , Tainã Normanton Guim , Saulo Petinatti Pavarini , Cristiano Gomes , Daniel Guimarães Gerardi
An 11-year-old male Schnauzer dog was referred for investigation of cough and regurgitation of one month duration and gradual hyporexia for the previous five months. Complete blood count showed severe leukocytosis. On ventrodorsal and lateral thoracic radiographs a soft tissue mass was visible in the craniodorsal mediastinum. Endoscopy showed esophageal dilatation and an irregular, nodular, friable, exophytic mass in the thoracic esophagus, which was invasive, vascularized and had ulcerated areas. The mass occluded approximately 90% of the esophageal lumen. The mucosa in the orad portion of the thoracic esophagus was pale and the aborad portion was hyperemic (red) with hemorrhages. The mucosa of the cervical and abdominal esophagus was macroscopically unremarkeble. Multiple biopsies using endoscopic cup biopsy forceps were taken from the mass for histopathologic analysis and a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was performed. Histopathologic analysis of the biopsy samples was inconclusive due to the marked necrosis. The poor clinical condition of the dog precluded a more invasive approach, and palliative and supportive treatment was continued. After 100 days of follow-up, clinical signs worsened, and that day the dog had a fatal cardiac arrest due to aspiration pneumonia and sepsis. Postmortem examination showed a multilobulated mass in the esophageal wall with infiltration into the overlying esophageal mucosa and pulmonary and renal metastases. Histological examination revealed a poorly differentiated sarcoma. On immunohistochemical examination, the neoplastic cells showed marked cytoplasmic staining for vimentin and Iba-1. The proliferative rate was approximately 30% by Ki-67. Histological and immunohistochemical examination revealed the esophageal mass to be a primary histiocytic sarcoma. Histiocytic sarcoma is an extremely rare primary esophageal neoplasm in humans, and so far, there is no description in dogs. To the best of the authors knowledge this is the first case of primary esophageal histiocytic sarcoma in dogs. The clinical information reported here should improve recognition and aid in diagnosis of future cases.
{"title":"First description of a primary esophageal histiocytic sarcoma in a dog","authors":"Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi , Camila Alves da Silveira , Janyni Duz , Isabella Teixeira Caçapietra Pires da Silva , Tainã Normanton Guim , Saulo Petinatti Pavarini , Cristiano Gomes , Daniel Guimarães Gerardi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An 11-year-old male Schnauzer dog was referred for investigation of cough and regurgitation of one month duration and gradual hyporexia for the previous five months. Complete blood count showed severe leukocytosis. On ventrodorsal and lateral thoracic radiographs a soft tissue mass was visible in the craniodorsal mediastinum. Endoscopy showed esophageal dilatation and an irregular, nodular, friable, exophytic mass in the thoracic esophagus, which was invasive, vascularized and had ulcerated areas. The mass occluded approximately 90% of the esophageal lumen. The mucosa in the orad portion of the thoracic esophagus was pale and the aborad portion was hyperemic (red) with hemorrhages. The mucosa of the cervical and abdominal esophagus was macroscopically unremarkeble. Multiple biopsies using endoscopic cup biopsy forceps were taken from the mass for histopathologic analysis and a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was performed. Histopathologic analysis of the biopsy samples was inconclusive due to the marked necrosis. The poor clinical condition of the dog precluded a more invasive approach, and palliative and supportive treatment was continued. After 100 days of follow-up, clinical signs worsened, and that day the dog had a fatal cardiac arrest due to aspiration pneumonia and sepsis. Postmortem examination showed a multilobulated mass in the esophageal wall with infiltration into the overlying esophageal mucosa and pulmonary and renal metastases. Histological examination revealed a poorly differentiated sarcoma. On immunohistochemical examination, the neoplastic cells showed marked cytoplasmic staining for vimentin and Iba-1. The proliferative rate was approximately 30% by Ki-67. Histological and immunohistochemical examination revealed the esophageal mass to be a primary histiocytic sarcoma. Histiocytic sarcoma is an extremely rare primary esophageal neoplasm in humans, and so far, there is no description in dogs. To the best of the authors knowledge this is the first case of primary esophageal histiocytic sarcoma in dogs. The clinical information reported here should improve recognition and aid in diagnosis of future cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139718197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Canine strongyloidosis by Strongyloides stercoralis is a parasitic disease emerging in Europe, which represents both a veterinary clinical issue and a public health challenge because of the zoonotic potential. The disease, not yet frequent in Europe, could induce severe clinical signs in dogs; thus, an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are desirable. The aim of the present work is to retrospectively investigate the clinical and paraclinical findings in sick dogs naturally infected by S. stercoralis, with particular attention to ultrasound (US) changes at the gastrointestinal level. Twelve dogs were included in the study. The diagnosis was made by means of larval morphological identification on faecal samples and PCR. Most dogs presented with gastrointestinal signs; diarrhea and weight loss were the most common presenting complaint. Only one dog showed respiratory signs, associated to a parasitic cutaneous nodule. Hypoproteinaemia, anaemia, leucocytosis and an increase in alpha2-globulin fraction at serum protein electrophoresis were common (>50%) but not constant findings. The most reported US picture was a fluid-filled, distended, atonic small intestine mostly associated with altered wall layering, while the wall thickness commonly associated with chronic enteritis was only rarely reported. These changes, associated with other clinical and paraclinical alterations, could increase the suspicion of canine strongyloidosis and may direct clinicians to include strongyloidosis in the differential diagnosis of dogs with diarrhea. The histological examination at the intestinal level, available in five dogs, revealed the presence of parasites from the full-thickness biopsy, but not from the endoscopic biopsy. The critical points of diagnosis in clinical practice are also discussed.
由盘状圆线虫引起的犬强直性脊髓炎是欧洲新出现的一种寄生虫病,它既是兽医临床问题,也是公共卫生方面的挑战,因为它有可能造成人畜共患病。这种疾病在欧洲并不常见,但会诱发犬只出现严重的临床症状;因此,早期诊断和适当治疗是可取的。本研究的目的是回顾性地调查受盘尾丝虫病自然感染的病犬的临床和临床辅助检查结果,尤其关注胃肠道超声波(US)的变化。研究共纳入了 12 只狗。诊断是通过粪便样本上的幼虫形态鉴定和 PCR 进行的。大多数病犬表现为胃肠道症状;腹泻和体重减轻是最常见的主诉症状。只有一只狗出现呼吸道症状,与寄生虫皮肤结节有关。低蛋白血症、贫血、白细胞减少和血清蛋白电泳中α2-球蛋白含量增加是常见的症状(50%),但并非经常出现。报告最多的 US 图像是充满液体、膨胀、无张力的小肠,大多与肠壁分层的改变有关,而与慢性肠炎常见的肠壁厚度有关的报告却很少。这些变化与其他临床和副临床改变相关联,可增加对犬强直性脊髓炎的怀疑,并可指导临床医生将强直性脊髓炎纳入腹泻犬的鉴别诊断中。对五只狗进行的肠道组织学检查显示,全厚活检结果显示存在寄生虫,而内窥镜活检结果则未发现寄生虫。本文还讨论了临床实践中的诊断要点。
{"title":"Clinical insights to address canine strongyloidosis in daily practice","authors":"Antonella Colella , Dora Buonfrate , Federica Lo Tempio , Serena Digiaro , Alessandra Recchia , Beatrice Greco , Paola Paradies","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Canine strongyloidosis by <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> is a parasitic disease emerging in Europe, which represents both a veterinary clinical issue and a public health challenge because of the zoonotic potential. The disease, not yet frequent in Europe, could induce severe clinical signs in dogs; thus, an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are desirable. The aim of the present work is to retrospectively investigate the clinical and paraclinical findings in sick dogs naturally infected by <em>S. stercoralis</em>, with particular attention to ultrasound (US) changes at the gastrointestinal level. Twelve dogs were included in the study. The diagnosis was made by means of larval morphological identification on faecal samples and PCR. Most dogs presented with gastrointestinal signs; diarrhea and weight loss were the most common presenting complaint. Only one dog showed respiratory signs, associated to a parasitic cutaneous nodule. Hypoproteinaemia, anaemia, leucocytosis and an increase in alpha2-globulin fraction at serum protein electrophoresis were common (>50%) but not constant findings. The most reported US picture was a fluid-filled, distended, atonic small intestine mostly associated with altered wall layering, while the wall thickness commonly associated with chronic enteritis was only rarely reported. These changes, associated with other clinical and paraclinical alterations, could increase the suspicion of canine strongyloidosis and may direct clinicians to include strongyloidosis in the differential diagnosis of dogs with diarrhea. The histological examination at the intestinal level, available in five dogs, revealed the presence of parasites from the full-thickness biopsy, but not from the endoscopic biopsy. The critical points of diagnosis in clinical practice are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973624000011/pdfft?md5=9282d341c18d039433a319eab089ee9f&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973624000011-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139105368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100847
Taesik Yun , Sanggu Kim , Yoonhoi Koo , Yeon Chae , Dohee Lee , Hakhyun Kim , Mhan-Pyo Yang , Byeong-Teck Kang , Soochong Kim
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid mediator that is involved in multiple biological processes. The S1P/S1P receptor (S1PR) signaling pathway has an important role in the central nervous system. It contributes to physiologic cellular homeostasis and is also associated with neuroinflammation. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the expression of S1PR in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The analysis used 12 brain samples from three neurologically normal dogs, seven dogs with MUE, and two canine EAE models. Anti-S1PR1 antibody was used for immunohistochemistry. In normal brain tissues, S1PR1s were expressed on neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and endothelial cells. In MUE and EAE lesions, there was positive staining of S1PR1 on leukocytes. Furthermore, the expression of S1PR1 on neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and endothelial cells was upregulated compared to normal brains. This study shows that S1PR1s are expressed in normal brain tissues and leukocytes in inflammatory lesions, and demonstrates the upregulation of S1PR1 expression on nervous system cells in inflammatory lesions of MUE and EAE. These findings indicate that S1P/S1PR signaling pathway might involve physiologic homeostasis and neuroinflammation and represent potential targets for S1PR modulators to treat MUE.
{"title":"Expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 in neuroinflammation of canine brains","authors":"Taesik Yun , Sanggu Kim , Yoonhoi Koo , Yeon Chae , Dohee Lee , Hakhyun Kim , Mhan-Pyo Yang , Byeong-Teck Kang , Soochong Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid mediator that is involved in multiple biological processes. The S1P/S1P receptor (S1PR) signaling pathway has an important role in the central nervous system. It contributes to physiologic cellular </span>homeostasis<span><span> and is also associated with neuroinflammation. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the expression of S1PR in dogs<span><span> with meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE) and </span>experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis<span> (EAE). The analysis used 12 brain samples from three neurologically normal dogs, seven dogs with MUE, and two </span></span></span>canine EAE models. Anti-S1PR1 antibody was used for </span></span>immunohistochemistry<span>. In normal brain tissues, S1PR1s were expressed on neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes<span>, and endothelial cells<span>. In MUE and EAE lesions, there was positive staining of S1PR1 on leukocytes. Furthermore, the expression of S1PR1 on neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and endothelial cells was upregulated compared to normal brains. This study shows that S1PR1s are expressed in normal brain tissues and leukocytes in inflammatory lesions, and demonstrates the upregulation of S1PR1 expression on nervous system cells in inflammatory lesions of MUE and EAE. These findings indicate that S1P/S1PR signaling pathway might involve physiologic homeostasis and neuroinflammation and represent potential targets for S1PR modulators to treat MUE.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139104693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}