首页 > 最新文献

Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

英文 中文
Corrigendum: The impacts on the economy, health, and environment resulting from tobacco cultivation: A cross-sectional survey of tobacco farmer perspectives in Thailand. 勘误:烟草种植对经济、健康和环境的影响:对泰国烟农观点的横断面调查。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-19 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/210572
Chakkraphan Phetphum, Raphael Lencucha

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18332/tid/204301.].

[这更正了文章DOI: 10.18332/tid/204301.]。
{"title":"Corrigendum: The impacts on the economy, health, and environment resulting from tobacco cultivation: A cross-sectional survey of tobacco farmer perspectives in Thailand.","authors":"Chakkraphan Phetphum, Raphael Lencucha","doi":"10.18332/tid/210572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/210572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18332/tid/204301.].</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12447557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Projecting the impact of strengthened tobacco control policy on disparities in US states with persistently high smoking rates. 预测加强烟草控制政策对吸烟率持续高企的美国各州差异的影响。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/207750
Emily M Donovan, Stephanie N Yoon, Blaine Hardy, Jennifer Kreslake, Michael V Maciosek

Introduction: Thirteen Southern and Midwestern states - termed 'Tobacco Nation' - have persistently higher smoking rates than other US states. Previous research indicates increased cigarette taxes and tobacco control expenditures (TCE) may mitigate this geographical cigarette smoking disparity. The current study simulates the impact of these policies on racial and socioeconomic tobacco-related disparities within Tobacco Nation.

Methods: Using ModelHealthTM:Tobacco, we simulated 20-year changes in smoking and smoking-attributable (SA) outcomes by poverty status and race. We projected the impact of: 1) a 'tax-only scenario', increasing cigarette taxes by $1.50; and 2) a 'combined policy scenario', simultaneously increasing cigarette taxes by $1.50 and increasing state TCE to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-recommended level.

Results: Under the tax-only scenario, SA outcomes would be reduced for Tobacco Nation residents below 138% the federal poverty level (FPL) by about 4.3 the magnitude of those above 138% the FPL. Some SA outcomes would be reduced by about 10% more among Non-Hispanic (NH) Black residents than NH White residents. For all subgroups, the combined policy scenario would reduce SA outcomes by about eight times the magnitude of the tax-only scenario, even though the relative reduction in disparities by poverty status would be smaller (2.8 higher reductions for those below compared to above 138% the FPL).

Conclusions: The combined policy scenario, compared to the tax-only scenario, would reduce SA harms by a substantially larger magnitude. Both scenarios are projected to reduce socioeconomic disparities in tobacco harms but not all racial disparities in Tobacco Nation without greater prioritization of targeted policies.

13个被称为“烟草之国”的南部和中西部州的吸烟率一直高于美国其他州。先前的研究表明,增加卷烟税和烟草控制支出(TCE)可能会减轻这种地域吸烟差异。目前的研究模拟了这些政策对烟草国家内与烟草有关的种族和社会经济差异的影响。方法:使用ModelHealthTM:Tobacco,我们模拟了20年来吸烟和吸烟归因(SA)结果随贫困状况和种族的变化。我们预测了以下影响:1)“只征税情景”,将卷烟税提高1.5美元;2)“综合政策方案”,同时将卷烟税提高1.5美元,并将州TCE提高到疾病控制中心(CDC)建议的水平。结果:在只征税的情况下,低于联邦贫困水平(FPL) 138%的烟草国居民的SA结果将比高于联邦贫困水平138%的居民减少约4.3个量级。非西班牙裔(NH)黑人居民的一些SA结果比NH白人居民减少约10%。对于所有的子群体,综合政策方案将使社会福利水平的降低幅度大约是单一税收方案的8倍,尽管贫困状况对差距的相对减少幅度较小(低于FPL 138%的人比高于FPL的人减少2.8倍)。结论:与单一税收方案相比,综合政策方案将大大减少SA的危害。预计这两种情况都将减少烟草危害的社会经济差异,但如果没有更大的针对性政策优先考虑,就无法减少烟草国家的所有种族差异。
{"title":"Projecting the impact of strengthened tobacco control policy on disparities in US states with persistently high smoking rates.","authors":"Emily M Donovan, Stephanie N Yoon, Blaine Hardy, Jennifer Kreslake, Michael V Maciosek","doi":"10.18332/tid/207750","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/207750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thirteen Southern and Midwestern states - termed 'Tobacco Nation' - have persistently higher smoking rates than other US states. Previous research indicates increased cigarette taxes and tobacco control expenditures (TCE) may mitigate this geographical cigarette smoking disparity. The current study simulates the impact of these policies on racial and socioeconomic tobacco-related disparities within Tobacco Nation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using ModelHealth<sup>TM</sup>:Tobacco, we simulated 20-year changes in smoking and smoking-attributable (SA) outcomes by poverty status and race. We projected the impact of: 1) a 'tax-only scenario', increasing cigarette taxes by $1.50; and 2) a 'combined policy scenario', simultaneously increasing cigarette taxes by $1.50 and increasing state TCE to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)-recommended level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under the tax-only scenario, SA outcomes would be reduced for Tobacco Nation residents below 138% the federal poverty level (FPL) by about 4.3 the magnitude of those above 138% the FPL. Some SA outcomes would be reduced by about 10% more among Non-Hispanic (NH) Black residents than NH White residents. For all subgroups, the combined policy scenario would reduce SA outcomes by about eight times the magnitude of the tax-only scenario, even though the relative reduction in disparities by poverty status would be smaller (2.8 higher reductions for those below compared to above 138% the FPL).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined policy scenario, compared to the tax-only scenario, would reduce SA harms by a substantially larger magnitude. Both scenarios are projected to reduce socioeconomic disparities in tobacco harms but not all racial disparities in Tobacco Nation without greater prioritization of targeted policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association between cigarette smoking and hearing loss: A cross-sectional study from the NHANES database. 吸烟与听力损失之间的关系:来自NHANES数据库的一项横断面研究。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/208812
Hesen Huang, Wenkao Zhou, Kaiqin Chen, Yu Du, Wei Lin, Yixian Ye

Introduction: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this study aimed to assess the association between smoking and hearing loss and explore its heterogeneity across gender and age groups.

Methods: This secondary dataset analysis used a cross-sectional design and included NHANES data from 2005-2012 and 2015-2018. The study population consisted of adults without hearing-related disorders. Hearing loss was assessed by pure tone audiometry (PTA) and included low-frequency (LFHL), speech-frequency (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL), expressed as continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between hearing loss and the exposure variable smoking status.

Results: A total of 4217 adult subjects were included. It was found that smokers had a higher prevalence of LFHL, SFHL and HFHL than non-smokers (LFHL: 15.62% vs 8.51%, SFHL: 23.22% vs 12.98%, HFHL: 53.48% vs 36.95%). In males, in Models 1 (unadjusted), 2 and 3 (adjusted), there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in LFHL (β=4.24; 95% CI: 3.32-5.17; β=1.65; 95% CI: 0.80-2.49; β=1.52; 95% CI: 0.66-2.38) in SFHL (β=5.63; 95% CI: 4.56-6.70; β=1.95; 95% CI: 1.05-2.84; β=1.62; 95% CI: 0.72-2.52) and in HFHL (β=10.20; 95% CI: 8.21-12.19; β=2.85; 95% CI: 1.33-4.37; β=2.19; 95% CI: 0.69-3.70) between smokers and non-smokers, for continuous variables of hearing loss. In male hearing loss, categorical variables also showed statistically significant differences between smokers and non-smokers (p<0.05). In the middle-aged group, compared with non-smokers, logistic regression of smoking with all three types of hearing loss showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in Models 1, 2 and 3.

Conclusions: There was a significant association between smoking and hearing loss, with maybe more significant associations with all three types of hearing loss in male smokers and a significant relationship between smoking and hearing loss in the middle-aged group.

本研究利用美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)的数据,旨在评估吸烟与听力损失之间的关系,并探讨其在性别和年龄组中的异质性。方法:本二次数据集分析采用横断面设计,纳入2005-2012年和2015-2018年的NHANES数据。研究人群由没有听力相关疾病的成年人组成。听力损失采用纯音测听法(PTA)评估,包括低频(LFHL)、语音频率(SFHL)和高频听力损失(HFHL),分别以连续变量和分类变量表示。使用线性和逻辑回归模型分析听力损失与暴露变量吸烟状态之间的关系。结果:共纳入4217名成人受试者。结果发现,吸烟者的LFHL、SFHL和HFHL患病率均高于非吸烟者(LFHL: 15.62% vs 8.51%, SFHL: 23.22% vs 12.98%, HFHL: 53.48% vs 36.95%)。在男性中,在模型1(未调整)、模型2和模型3(调整)中,差异有统计学意义(p)结论:吸烟与听力损失之间存在显著相关性,男性吸烟者与三种类型的听力损失之间的相关性可能更为显著,吸烟与中年组的听力损失之间存在显著相关性。
{"title":"Association between cigarette smoking and hearing loss: A cross-sectional study from the NHANES database.","authors":"Hesen Huang, Wenkao Zhou, Kaiqin Chen, Yu Du, Wei Lin, Yixian Ye","doi":"10.18332/tid/208812","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/208812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this study aimed to assess the association between smoking and hearing loss and explore its heterogeneity across gender and age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary dataset analysis used a cross-sectional design and included NHANES data from 2005-2012 and 2015-2018. The study population consisted of adults without hearing-related disorders. Hearing loss was assessed by pure tone audiometry (PTA) and included low-frequency (LFHL), speech-frequency (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL), expressed as continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between hearing loss and the exposure variable smoking status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4217 adult subjects were included. It was found that smokers had a higher prevalence of LFHL, SFHL and HFHL than non-smokers (LFHL: 15.62% vs 8.51%, SFHL: 23.22% vs 12.98%, HFHL: 53.48% vs 36.95%). In males, in Models 1 (unadjusted), 2 and 3 (adjusted), there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in LFHL (β=4.24; 95% CI: 3.32-5.17; β=1.65; 95% CI: 0.80-2.49; β=1.52; 95% CI: 0.66-2.38) in SFHL (β=5.63; 95% CI: 4.56-6.70; β=1.95; 95% CI: 1.05-2.84; β=1.62; 95% CI: 0.72-2.52) and in HFHL (β=10.20; 95% CI: 8.21-12.19; β=2.85; 95% CI: 1.33-4.37; β=2.19; 95% CI: 0.69-3.70) between smokers and non-smokers, for continuous variables of hearing loss. In male hearing loss, categorical variables also showed statistically significant differences between smokers and non-smokers (p<0.05). In the middle-aged group, compared with non-smokers, logistic regression of smoking with all three types of hearing loss showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in Models 1, 2 and 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a significant association between smoking and hearing loss, with maybe more significant associations with all three types of hearing loss in male smokers and a significant relationship between smoking and hearing loss in the middle-aged group.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12442883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mouse model validity for studying the impact of tobacco smoke on the human gut microbiota assessed via in silico and experimental approaches. 通过计算机和实验方法评估研究烟草烟雾对人类肠道微生物群影响的小鼠模型有效性。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/208251
Irene Victoria Bermúdez-Pérez, Juliana Meißner, Corinna Bang, Jan N Hartmann, John F Baines, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, Robert Häsler

Introduction: The contribution of cigarettes to disease initiation, manifestation and progression is well-established for complex disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease. However, studying its impact on disease pathophysiology in a controlled setting is challenging in humans, resulting in the application of various model systems, amongst them tobacco smoke-exposed mice. While frequently employed, it is unclear to what extent this model reflects human responses to tobacco smoke.

Methods: Employing a mouse study of experimental nature, we assessed established parameters for monitoring responses to tobacco smoke, paralleled by 16S rRNA gene-based profiling of the murine gut microbiome in n=32 suitable animals. This was supplemented by a case-control study design, based on n=3 publicly available transcriptome datasets, from human oral mucosa, human large airway epithelium and murine lung tissues, where we assessed which components of the response to tobacco smoke observed in mice are functionally comparable to responses seen in humans.

Results: We observed several physiological responses in mice that paralleled human scenarios (weight loss, serum cotinine and Cyp1a1 mRNA expression), serving as a proof of principle. We identified shared microbiome-associated processes: stress related functions were enriched in mice and humans, while other processes, such as inflammatory functions, were discordant. The mouse microbiota showed significant changes in response to tobacco smoke, which mimicked patterns seen in human datasets, such as changes for Lachnospiraceae and Prevotellaceae. In contrast, some families that show significant responses to tobacco smoke in humans, such as Bacteroidaceae, could not be observed in mice.

Conclusions: Considering the high inter-individual variation in humans and the well-controlled conditions in mice, our results suggest that mice, despite the identified limitations, most likely represent a suitable model for studying specific processes, such as stress responses, in the context of tobacco smoke exposure and its impact on the microbiota.

引言:对于复杂的疾病,如炎症性肠病,香烟对疾病的发生、表现和进展的贡献是公认的。然而,在受控环境下研究其对疾病病理生理的影响在人类中是具有挑战性的,导致各种模型系统的应用,其中包括烟草烟雾暴露的小鼠。虽然经常使用,但尚不清楚该模型在多大程度上反映了人类对烟草烟雾的反应。方法:采用实验性质的小鼠研究,我们评估了监测烟草烟雾反应的既定参数,并对32只合适的小鼠肠道微生物组进行了基于16S rRNA基因的分析。该研究还通过一项病例对照研究设计进行了补充,该研究基于n=3个公开可获得的转录组数据集,这些数据集来自人类口腔黏膜、人类大气道上皮和小鼠肺组织,我们评估了在小鼠中观察到的烟草烟雾反应的哪些成分在功能上与人类的反应相当。结果:我们在小鼠中观察到几种与人类相似的生理反应(体重减轻、血清可替宁和Cyp1a1 mRNA表达),作为原理的证明。我们发现了共同的微生物组相关过程:应激相关功能在小鼠和人类中丰富,而其他过程,如炎症功能,则不一致。小鼠微生物群对烟草烟雾的反应显示出显著的变化,这模仿了人类数据集中看到的模式,例如毛螺科和普氏菌科的变化。相比之下,在人类中对烟草烟雾有明显反应的一些家族,如拟杆菌科,在小鼠中没有观察到。结论:考虑到人类的高度个体间差异和小鼠的良好控制条件,我们的研究结果表明,小鼠尽管存在已知的局限性,但很可能代表了研究烟草烟雾暴露及其对微生物群影响的特定过程(如应激反应)的合适模型。
{"title":"Mouse model validity for studying the impact of tobacco smoke on the human gut microbiota assessed via in silico and experimental approaches.","authors":"Irene Victoria Bermúdez-Pérez, Juliana Meißner, Corinna Bang, Jan N Hartmann, John F Baines, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, Robert Häsler","doi":"10.18332/tid/208251","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/208251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The contribution of cigarettes to disease initiation, manifestation and progression is well-established for complex disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease. However, studying its impact on disease pathophysiology in a controlled setting is challenging in humans, resulting in the application of various model systems, amongst them tobacco smoke-exposed mice. While frequently employed, it is unclear to what extent this model reflects human responses to tobacco smoke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Employing a mouse study of experimental nature, we assessed established parameters for monitoring responses to tobacco smoke, paralleled by 16S rRNA gene-based profiling of the murine gut microbiome in n=32 suitable animals. This was supplemented by a case-control study design, based on n=3 publicly available transcriptome datasets, from human oral mucosa, human large airway epithelium and murine lung tissues, where we assessed which components of the response to tobacco smoke observed in mice are functionally comparable to responses seen in humans.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed several physiological responses in mice that paralleled human scenarios (weight loss, serum cotinine and Cyp1a1 mRNA expression), serving as a proof of principle. We identified shared microbiome-associated processes: stress related functions were enriched in mice and humans, while other processes, such as inflammatory functions, were discordant. The mouse microbiota showed significant changes in response to tobacco smoke, which mimicked patterns seen in human datasets, such as changes for <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> and <i>Prevotellaceae</i>. In contrast, some families that show significant responses to tobacco smoke in humans, such as <i>Bacteroidaceae</i>, could not be observed in mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considering the high inter-individual variation in humans and the well-controlled conditions in mice, our results suggest that mice, despite the identified limitations, most likely represent a suitable model for studying specific processes, such as stress responses, in the context of tobacco smoke exposure and its impact on the microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12442884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strengthening the cognition of university students to refuse e-cigarette use: A pilot randomized controlled trial of a peer-to-peer intervention. 加强大学生拒绝使用电子烟的认知:点对点干预的随机对照试验
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-13 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/208715
Yu Chen, Shujun Lin, Haoxiang Lin, Zining Wang, Xinjie Zhao, Peng Ao, Yujiang Cai, Jing Xu, Xinyao Yu, Xinrui Yang, Kin-Sun Chan

Introduction: E-cigarette use among young adults represents a growing public health concern. This pilot randomized controlled trial evaluated the preliminary effects of Protection Motivation Theory (PMT)-based peer education on strengthening university students' cognition to refuse e-cigarette use in China, where tobacco control policies remain limited.

Methods: A total of 289 participants completed baseline assessment and were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=144) and a control group (n=145). The intervention consisted of a 1-month peer education program in which trained peer educators delivered PMT-based messages through weekly one-on-one conversations via phone or messaging platforms. Intervention participants received messages addressing all seven PMT constructs, while control participants received only messages about health risks of two PMT constructs. Primary outcomes were four PMT-based cognitive appraisals measured at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. Linear mixed-models examined group × time interactions, and effect sizes were calculated for all comparisons.

Results: No statistically significant between-group differences were observed for primary outcomes. Subgroup analysis revealed significant intervention effects at 3 months among participants with family or friends who used cigarettes/e-cigarettes: lower perceived rewards (mean difference= -0.55; 95% CI: -1.07 - -0.03, p=0.04) and greater perceived efficacy (mean difference=0.34; 95% CI: 0.06-0.62, p=0.02).

Conclusions: While overall effects were not statistically significant, observed effect sizes and significant subgroup findings suggest PMT-based peer education may influence cognitive precursors to e-cigarette use, particularly among students with social exposure to tobacco use. Larger trials with extended follow-up periods are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings.

年轻人使用电子烟是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。本试点随机对照试验评估了基于保护动机理论(PMT)的同伴教育在加强中国大学生拒绝使用电子烟认知方面的初步效果,中国的控烟政策仍然有限。方法:289名受试者完成基线评估,随机分为干预组(n=144)和对照组(n=145)。干预包括一个为期一个月的同伴教育项目,在这个项目中,经过培训的同伴教育者通过每周一次的电话或短信平台一对一交谈,传递基于pmt的信息。干预参与者收到了涉及所有七种PMT结构的信息,而控制参与者只收到了关于两种PMT结构的健康风险的信息。主要结果是在基线、1个月和3个月测量的四项基于pmt的认知评估。线性混合模型检验了组×时间相互作用,并计算了所有比较的效应量。结果:两组间主要结局无统计学差异。亚组分析显示,在3个月时,有家庭或朋友使用香烟/电子烟的参与者的干预效果显著:较低的感知奖励(平均差异= -0.55;95% CI: -1.07 - -0.03, p=0.04)和较高的感知疗效(平均差异=0.34;95% CI: 0.06-0.62, p=0.02)。结论:虽然总体影响在统计上并不显著,但观察到的效应大小和显著的亚组发现表明,基于pmt的同伴教育可能会影响电子烟使用的认知前体,特别是在社会接触烟草使用的学生中。有必要进行更大规模的试验,延长随访期,以证实这些初步发现。
{"title":"Strengthening the cognition of university students to refuse e-cigarette use: A pilot randomized controlled trial of a peer-to-peer intervention.","authors":"Yu Chen, Shujun Lin, Haoxiang Lin, Zining Wang, Xinjie Zhao, Peng Ao, Yujiang Cai, Jing Xu, Xinyao Yu, Xinrui Yang, Kin-Sun Chan","doi":"10.18332/tid/208715","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/208715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>E-cigarette use among young adults represents a growing public health concern. This pilot randomized controlled trial evaluated the preliminary effects of Protection Motivation Theory (PMT)-based peer education on strengthening university students' cognition to refuse e-cigarette use in China, where tobacco control policies remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 289 participants completed baseline assessment and were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=144) and a control group (n=145). The intervention consisted of a 1-month peer education program in which trained peer educators delivered PMT-based messages through weekly one-on-one conversations via phone or messaging platforms. Intervention participants received messages addressing all seven PMT constructs, while control participants received only messages about health risks of two PMT constructs. Primary outcomes were four PMT-based cognitive appraisals measured at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. Linear mixed-models examined group × time interactions, and effect sizes were calculated for all comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant between-group differences were observed for primary outcomes. Subgroup analysis revealed significant intervention effects at 3 months among participants with family or friends who used cigarettes/e-cigarettes: lower perceived rewards (mean difference= -0.55; 95% CI: -1.07 - -0.03, p=0.04) and greater perceived efficacy (mean difference=0.34; 95% CI: 0.06-0.62, p=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While overall effects were not statistically significant, observed effect sizes and significant subgroup findings suggest PMT-based peer education may influence cognitive precursors to e-cigarette use, particularly among students with social exposure to tobacco use. Larger trials with extended follow-up periods are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12433193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smoking and smoking cessation among smokers in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. 沙特阿拉伯吸烟者的吸烟和戒烟:一项横断面研究。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/208066
Hassan Arida, Abdulaziz A Alhothali, Thamer H AlOtaibi, Osama N Almalki, Anas H Alosaimi, Abdullah T Alenazi, Abdulrahman A Al Boqami, Ahmed S Eldalo, Majed A Algarni, Musaad Althobaiti, Sayed F Abdelwahab

Introduction: This study assessed the general perceptions of smokers in Saudi Arabia about the harms of smoking and identified the different methods used by them to quit smoking.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed using an online self-administered questionnaire to assess the smoker's perceptions on smoking and ways to quit smoking. A convenience sample of 1358 participants aged ≥18 years were enrolled from December 2022 to February 2023. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software with p<0.05 indicating statistical significance.

Results: A total of 1358 participants completed the online survey. Most of the respondents were smokers (63.3%; n=860). Forty-six percent of the participants (n=396) started smoking when they were aged <18 years. Around 71% of the participants did not like the presence of any family member who smokes. More than half (52%) of the participants admitted that friends are the main reason for beginning smoking. Around 40% (n=229) of the 860 participants were enrolled in a smoking cessation program at some point.

Conclusions: Around 46% of the study participants started smoking when they were aged <18 years. About two-thirds of them tried to quit smoking. Although many centers around the country are dedicated to helping smokers quit smoking, many smokers noted that their outreach should be further enhanced.

引言:本研究评估了沙特阿拉伯吸烟者对吸烟危害的普遍认知,并确定了他们戒烟的不同方法。方法:设计了一项描述性横断面研究,使用在线自我管理问卷来评估吸烟者对吸烟和戒烟方法的看法。从2022年12月至2023年2月,纳入了1358名年龄≥18岁的方便样本。数据分析采用SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences)软件进行,结果:共有1358名参与者完成了在线调查。调查对象以吸烟者居多(63.3%,n=860)。46%的参与者(n=396)在年老时开始吸烟。结论:大约46%的研究参与者在年老时开始吸烟
{"title":"Smoking and smoking cessation among smokers in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hassan Arida, Abdulaziz A Alhothali, Thamer H AlOtaibi, Osama N Almalki, Anas H Alosaimi, Abdullah T Alenazi, Abdulrahman A Al Boqami, Ahmed S Eldalo, Majed A Algarni, Musaad Althobaiti, Sayed F Abdelwahab","doi":"10.18332/tid/208066","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/208066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study assessed the general perceptions of smokers in Saudi Arabia about the harms of smoking and identified the different methods used by them to quit smoking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed using an online self-administered questionnaire to assess the smoker's perceptions on smoking and ways to quit smoking. A convenience sample of 1358 participants aged ≥18 years were enrolled from December 2022 to February 2023. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software with p<0.05 indicating statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1358 participants completed the online survey. Most of the respondents were smokers (63.3%; n=860). Forty-six percent of the participants (n=396) started smoking when they were aged <18 years. Around 71% of the participants did not like the presence of any family member who smokes. More than half (52%) of the participants admitted that friends are the main reason for beginning smoking. Around 40% (n=229) of the 860 participants were enrolled in a smoking cessation program at some point.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Around 46% of the study participants started smoking when they were aged <18 years. About two-thirds of them tried to quit smoking. Although many centers around the country are dedicated to helping smokers quit smoking, many smokers noted that their outreach should be further enhanced.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12427618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence of bereavement among current smokers in a state-wide cross-sectional surveillance survey. 在一项全州范围的横断面监测调查中,当前吸烟者中丧亲的流行程度。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-11 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/208003
Changle Li, Toni Miles

Introduction: Research consistently shows that bereavement is associated with subsequent poor self-rated health. In a separate line of research, smoking is common among persons with a mental illness diagnosis. In a population-based survey, the following three hypotheses are tested: 1) Compared to non-smokers, smokers are not more likely to report bereavement; 2) Among the bereaved, demographic factors - gender, race, and age - do not influence the likelihood of being a current smoker; and 3) Smoking does not influence or mediate the effect of bereavement on poor self-rated health.

Methods: The sample consisted of 7354 respondents to the annual 2019 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS). Multiple imputation, descriptive analysis, ordered logistic regression, and mediation models were used.

Results: With imputed datasets, we found that bereavement rates were higher among every day (52.2%) compared to former smokers (46.4%) and never smokers (43.3%). Bereaved persons who smoke are also more likely to report heavy drinking: females (OR=3.92; 95% CI: 2.96-5.18) and males (OR=3.64; 95% CI: 2.72-4.86). Bereavement rates are highest among males who report smoking some days (OR=52.7; 95% CI: 44.4-61.0) and among females who report smoking every day (OR=56.77; 95% CI: 50.9-62.7).

Conclusions: Among all current smokers, bereavement is highly prevalent. However, gender, smoking and grief have a complex association. Bereaved female smokers typically smoke every day while bereaved male smokers on some days. Any bereaved smoker may benefit from cessation treatment to reduce health decline after loss.

研究一致表明,丧亲之痛与随后自我评价的健康状况不佳有关。在另一项研究中,吸烟在被诊断患有精神疾病的人中很常见。在一项基于人群的调查中,检验了以下三个假设:1)与不吸烟者相比,吸烟者不更容易报告丧亲之痛;2)在丧亲者中,人口因素——性别、种族和年龄——不影响成为当前吸烟者的可能性;3)吸烟不影响或中介丧亲之痛对不良自评健康的影响。方法:样本由2019年佐治亚州年度行为风险因素监测调查(BRFSS)的7354名受访者组成。多重归算、描述性分析、有序逻辑回归和中介模型被使用。结果:通过输入的数据,我们发现每天吸烟者的丧亲率(52.2%)高于戒烟者(46.4%)和从不吸烟者(43.3%)。吸烟的丧亲者也更有可能报告酗酒:女性(OR=3.92; 95% CI: 2.96-5.18)和男性(OR=3.64; 95% CI: 2.72-4.86)。报告吸烟几天的男性(OR=52.7; 95% CI: 44.4-61.0)和报告每天吸烟的女性(OR=56.77; 95% CI: 50.9-62.7)的丧亲率最高。结论:在所有当前吸烟者中,丧亲是非常普遍的。然而,性别、吸烟和悲伤有着复杂的联系。失去亲人的女性吸烟者通常每天吸烟,而失去亲人的男性吸烟者则在某些日子吸烟。任何失去亲人的吸烟者都可以从戒烟治疗中受益,以减少失去亲人后健康状况的下降。
{"title":"Prevalence of bereavement among current smokers in a state-wide cross-sectional surveillance survey.","authors":"Changle Li, Toni Miles","doi":"10.18332/tid/208003","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/208003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research consistently shows that bereavement is associated with subsequent poor self-rated health. In a separate line of research, smoking is common among persons with a mental illness diagnosis. In a population-based survey, the following three hypotheses are tested: 1) Compared to non-smokers, smokers are not more likely to report bereavement; 2) Among the bereaved, demographic factors - gender, race, and age - do not influence the likelihood of being a current smoker; and 3) Smoking does not influence or mediate the effect of bereavement on poor self-rated health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample consisted of 7354 respondents to the annual 2019 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS). Multiple imputation, descriptive analysis, ordered logistic regression, and mediation models were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With imputed datasets, we found that bereavement rates were higher among every day (52.2%) compared to former smokers (46.4%) and never smokers (43.3%). Bereaved persons who smoke are also more likely to report heavy drinking: females (OR=3.92; 95% CI: 2.96-5.18) and males (OR=3.64; 95% CI: 2.72-4.86). Bereavement rates are highest among males who report smoking some days (OR=52.7; 95% CI: 44.4-61.0) and among females who report smoking every day (OR=56.77; 95% CI: 50.9-62.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among all current smokers, bereavement is highly prevalent. However, gender, smoking and grief have a complex association. Bereaved female smokers typically smoke every day while bereaved male smokers on some days. Any bereaved smoker may benefit from cessation treatment to reduce health decline after loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Depression, smoking, and lung cancer vulnerability: Bridging mental-physical comorbidity through population-based evidence. 抑郁、吸烟和肺癌易感性:通过基于人群的证据弥合精神-身体合并症。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-10 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/207913
Yibo Lu, Hui Chen, Ji Gan, Junlan Cai, Chunnuan Huang, Quanzhi Chen

Introduction: The complex relationship between smoking, depression, and lung cancer remains inadequately understood, particularly regarding smoking's association with depression risk among lung cancer patients. This study examines these interactions in a nationally representative sample.

Methods: This secondary dataset analysis used cross-sectional data from 1539 US adults aged ≥20 years from the pooled 2005-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We employed survey-weighted logistic regression analyses to assess associations, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and clinical comorbidities.

Results: Weighted prevalence estimates were 3.14% (95% CI: 2.78-3.55) for lung cancer, 29.4% for current smoking (95% CI: 28.0-30.9), and 11.18% (95% CI: 10.12-12.34) for clinically significant depression (PHQ-9 ≥10) Females had significantly higher depression prevalence than males (AOR=2.18; 95% CI: 1.63-2.91; p<0.01). Current smokers demonstrated 3.12-fold higher odds of depression compared to non-smokers (AOR=3.12, 95% CI: 2.18-4.47; p<0.001). Recent quitters (<1 year) also showed elevated depression risk (AOR=2.89; 95% CI 1.15-7.25; p=0.024). Among participants with lung cancer, current smokers had a significantly higher prevalence of depression compared to non-smokers (16.82% vs 4.12%; p=0.0008).

Conclusions: Smoking was strongly associated with depression in lung cancer patients, with recent cessation representing a high-risk period. Integrated smoking cessation and mental health interventions are needed, particularly for young females.

吸烟、抑郁和肺癌之间的复杂关系仍未得到充分的了解,特别是吸烟与肺癌患者抑郁风险的关系。本研究在一个具有全国代表性的样本中检验了这些相互作用。方法:本次要数据集分析使用了2005-2016年国家健康与营养检查调查(NHANES)汇总的1539名年龄≥20岁的美国成年人的横断面数据。我们采用调查加权逻辑回归分析来评估相关性,调整社会人口因素和临床合并症。结果:肺癌的加权患病率估计为3.14% (95% CI: 2.78-3.55),当前吸烟的加权患病率估计为29.4% (95% CI: 28.0-30.9),临床显著抑郁症(PHQ-9≥10)的加权患病率估计为11.18% (95% CI: 10.12-12.34)。女性抑郁症患病率明显高于男性(AOR=2.18; 95% CI: 1.63-2.91)。结论:吸烟与肺癌患者抑郁症密切相关,近期戒烟代表高危期。需要采取综合的戒烟和心理健康干预措施,特别是针对年轻女性。
{"title":"Depression, smoking, and lung cancer vulnerability: Bridging mental-physical comorbidity through population-based evidence.","authors":"Yibo Lu, Hui Chen, Ji Gan, Junlan Cai, Chunnuan Huang, Quanzhi Chen","doi":"10.18332/tid/207913","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/207913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The complex relationship between smoking, depression, and lung cancer remains inadequately understood, particularly regarding smoking's association with depression risk among lung cancer patients. This study examines these interactions in a nationally representative sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary dataset analysis used cross-sectional data from 1539 US adults aged ≥20 years from the pooled 2005-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We employed survey-weighted logistic regression analyses to assess associations, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and clinical comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weighted prevalence estimates were 3.14% (95% CI: 2.78-3.55) for lung cancer, 29.4% for current smoking (95% CI: 28.0-30.9), and 11.18% (95% CI: 10.12-12.34) for clinically significant depression (PHQ-9 ≥10) Females had significantly higher depression prevalence than males (AOR=2.18; 95% CI: 1.63-2.91; p<0.01). Current smokers demonstrated 3.12-fold higher odds of depression compared to non-smokers (AOR=3.12, 95% CI: 2.18-4.47; p<0.001). Recent quitters (<1 year) also showed elevated depression risk (AOR=2.89; 95% CI 1.15-7.25; p=0.024). Among participants with lung cancer, current smokers had a significantly higher prevalence of depression compared to non-smokers (16.82% vs 4.12%; p=0.0008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking was strongly associated with depression in lung cancer patients, with recent cessation representing a high-risk period. Integrated smoking cessation and mental health interventions are needed, particularly for young females.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of tobacco and other habitual dietary staining agents on the optical properties of lithium disilicate molar crowns: A laboratory study. 烟草和其他习惯性饮食染色剂对二硅酸锂臼齿冠光学性质的影响:实验室研究。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-09 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/208433
Mohammed M Al Moaleem, Arwa Daghrery, Heba Mitwalli, Eman Jabarti, Nassreen Albar, Maysaa Khojah, Waad Khayat

Introduction: The treatment of choice for posterior teeth is full-coverage crowns, but these materials should not be color-affected by external factors such as tobacco use. This laboratory study aimed to evaluate the mean color change (ΔE*) values of lithium aluminum disilicate (LAD) full anatomical ceramic crowns after staining in different adverse materials consumed in different countries worldwide.

Methods: Ninety full anatomical crowns in the form of molars were constructed from LAD (Cerec Tessera blocks) with the use of computer-aided design/computerassisted manufacturing system. They were divided equally into nine groups, with 10 crowns for each group. The crowns were immersed for 15 days in different adverse materials (khat, shamma, yerba mate, snuff, soft drinks used daily as a mixture of fruit juice, Coca-Cola, Saudi coffee, and Nescafe). Instructions from the International Commission on Illumination were followed for color parameter measurements. The CIELab color space L* lightness value coordinate, a* red- green coordinate, and b* yellow-blue coordinate, were calculated before and after staining for 2 weeks. ΔE* values were calculated by spectrophotometry. One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests were used to assess significance differences between groups. The significance level was set at p<0.05.

Results: The ΔE* changed after immersion in all solutions except for the control group. The highest average ΔE* values and standard deviation were observed with yerba mate 6.3 ± 2.0, followed by shammah 4.6 ± 0.9, whereas the lowest ΔE* was recorded for the mixture of fruit juice 3.2 ±1.3. One-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the group of yerba mate, with p<0.001. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was used to assess the statistical relationship of ΔE* among groups. A highly positive significant correlation was found between shammah and Nescafe (r=0.798). A medium correlation was found between khat with yerba mate (r=0.520) and snuff and control groups (r=0.474), without significant differences.

Conclusions: The overall recorded ΔE* values for LAD full anatomical ceramic crowns following 2 weeks of staining in different staining media were marginally higher than the clinically acceptable values except for the fruit-juice group.

介绍:后牙的治疗选择是全覆盖冠,但这些材料不应受吸烟等外部因素影响颜色。本实验室研究旨在评估全球不同国家消费的不同不良材料对二硅酸铝锂(LAD)全解剖陶瓷冠染色后的平均颜色变化(ΔE*)值。方法:采用计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造系统,以LAD (Cerec Tessera blocks)为材料,构建90个臼齿形态的全解剖冠。他们被平均分成9组,每组10个皇冠。将牙冠浸泡在不同的不良物质中15天(阿拉伯茶、沙玛、马黛茶、鼻烟、每天使用的果汁混合软饮料、可口可乐、沙特咖啡和雀巢咖啡)。根据国际照明委员会的指示进行颜色参数测量。染色2周前后计算CIELab色彩空间L*明度值坐标、a*红绿坐标、b*黄蓝坐标。通过分光光度法计算ΔE*值。采用单因素方差分析和事后检验来评估组间的显著性差异。结果:除对照组外,ΔE*在所有溶液中浸泡后均发生变化。马茶的平均ΔE*值和标准差最高,为6.3±2.0,沙玛为4.6±0.9,果汁的平均ΔE*值最低,为3.2±1.3。结论:在不同染色介质中染色2周后,LAD全解剖陶瓷冠的总体记录ΔE*值除果汁组外均略高于临床可接受值。
{"title":"Effect of tobacco and other habitual dietary staining agents on the optical properties of lithium disilicate molar crowns: A laboratory study.","authors":"Mohammed M Al Moaleem, Arwa Daghrery, Heba Mitwalli, Eman Jabarti, Nassreen Albar, Maysaa Khojah, Waad Khayat","doi":"10.18332/tid/208433","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/208433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The treatment of choice for posterior teeth is full-coverage crowns, but these materials should not be color-affected by external factors such as tobacco use. This laboratory study aimed to evaluate the mean color change (ΔE*) values of lithium aluminum disilicate (LAD) full anatomical ceramic crowns after staining in different adverse materials consumed in different countries worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety full anatomical crowns in the form of molars were constructed from LAD (Cerec Tessera blocks) with the use of computer-aided design/computerassisted manufacturing system. They were divided equally into nine groups, with 10 crowns for each group. The crowns were immersed for 15 days in different adverse materials (khat, shamma, yerba mate, snuff, soft drinks used daily as a mixture of fruit juice, Coca-Cola, Saudi coffee, and Nescafe). Instructions from the International Commission on Illumination were followed for color parameter measurements. The CIELab color space L* lightness value coordinate, a* red- green coordinate, and b* yellow-blue coordinate, were calculated before and after staining for 2 weeks. ΔE* values were calculated by spectrophotometry. One-way ANOVA followed by <i>post hoc</i> tests were used to assess significance differences between groups. The significance level was set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ΔE* changed after immersion in all solutions except for the control group. The highest average ΔE* values and standard deviation were observed with yerba mate 6.3 ± 2.0, followed by shammah 4.6 ± 0.9, whereas the lowest ΔE* was recorded for the mixture of fruit juice 3.2 ±1.3. One-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the group of yerba mate, with p<0.001. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was used to assess the statistical relationship of ΔE* among groups. A highly positive significant correlation was found between shammah and Nescafe (r=0.798). A medium correlation was found between khat with yerba mate (r=0.520) and snuff and control groups (r=0.474), without significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The overall recorded ΔE* values for LAD full anatomical ceramic crowns following 2 weeks of staining in different staining media were marginally higher than the clinically acceptable values except for the fruit-juice group.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of smoking behaviors on asthma incidence and allcause mortality in middle-aged and older adults: A longitudinal study from China. 吸烟行为对中老年人哮喘发病率和全因死亡率的影响:一项来自中国的纵向研究
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2025-09-09 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.18332/tid/207912
Tingting Fu, Shilong Zhao, Chunling Hu, Jing Gao, Lihua Xing

Introduction: The impact of smoking behaviors on asthma incidence and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults remains understudied. In particular, whether the potential effect of adolescent smoking initiation on late-onset asthma is independent of cumulative tobacco exposure is unclear.

Methods: Cox proportional hazards models assessed longitudinal impact of smoking behaviors on asthma incidence and mortality risks using 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data. Cross-sectional smoking-asthma associations were analyzed with logistic regression. Additionally, restricted cubic splines were used to assess the nonlinear relationships between smoking characteristics and asthma incidence.

Results: Smokers had a 65% higher risk of incident asthma compared to non-smokers in middle-aged and older adults (HR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.10-2.46, p=0.015). According to stratified analysis, individuals with smoking duration ≥40 years (HR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.2-3.15, p=0.007), cumulative pack-years under 15 pack-years (HR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.04-2.99, p=0.035), and smoking onset before the age of 18 years (HR=2.31; 95% CI: 1.35-3.96, p=0.002) were at significantly greater risk for asthma. After controlling for cumulative pack-years, early smoking initiation (<18 years) remained an independent and significant predictor of asthma onset in middle and older age (HR=2.56; 95% CI: 1.29-5.06, p=0.007). Subgroup analysis revealed that smoking-related asthma risk was especially elevated among those aged <65 years, females, overweight individuals, and those without baseline comorbidities. Moreover, there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the smoking and non-smoking groups in asthma patients.

Conclusions: The increased risk of asthma onset among middle-aged and older adults due to adolescent smoking initiation was independent of cumulative smoking pack-years, even though low pack-years and long-term smoking also contribute to increased risk. Targeted smoking cessation programs, especially adolescent prevention, are crucial to reduce asthma burden in this population.

吸烟行为对中老年人哮喘发病率和全因死亡率的影响仍未得到充分研究。特别是,青少年开始吸烟对迟发性哮喘的潜在影响是否独立于累积烟草暴露尚不清楚。方法:利用2011-2018年中国健康与退休纵向研究(CHARLS)数据,采用Cox比例风险模型评估吸烟行为对哮喘发病率和死亡风险的纵向影响。采用logistic回归分析吸烟与哮喘的横断面相关性。此外,限制三次样条用于评估吸烟特征与哮喘发病率之间的非线性关系。结果:在中老年人群中,吸烟者发生哮喘的风险比不吸烟者高65% (HR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.10-2.46, p=0.015)。根据分层分析,吸烟时间≥40年(HR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.2 ~ 3.15, p=0.007)、15包年以下累积包年(HR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.04 ~ 2.99, p=0.035)、18岁前开始吸烟(HR=2.31, 95% CI: 1.35 ~ 3.96, p=0.002)的个体哮喘风险显著增加。结论:青少年开始吸烟导致的中老年哮喘发病风险增加与累积吸烟包年无关,尽管低吸烟包年和长期吸烟也会增加风险。有针对性的戒烟计划,特别是青少年预防,对于减少这一人群的哮喘负担至关重要。
{"title":"Impact of smoking behaviors on asthma incidence and allcause mortality in middle-aged and older adults: A longitudinal study from China.","authors":"Tingting Fu, Shilong Zhao, Chunling Hu, Jing Gao, Lihua Xing","doi":"10.18332/tid/207912","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/207912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The impact of smoking behaviors on asthma incidence and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults remains understudied. In particular, whether the potential effect of adolescent smoking initiation on late-onset asthma is independent of cumulative tobacco exposure is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cox proportional hazards models assessed longitudinal impact of smoking behaviors on asthma incidence and mortality risks using 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data. Cross-sectional smoking-asthma associations were analyzed with logistic regression. Additionally, restricted cubic splines were used to assess the nonlinear relationships between smoking characteristics and asthma incidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Smokers had a 65% higher risk of incident asthma compared to non-smokers in middle-aged and older adults (HR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.10-2.46, p=0.015). According to stratified analysis, individuals with smoking duration ≥40 years (HR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.2-3.15, p=0.007), cumulative pack-years under 15 pack-years (HR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.04-2.99, p=0.035), and smoking onset before the age of 18 years (HR=2.31; 95% CI: 1.35-3.96, p=0.002) were at significantly greater risk for asthma. After controlling for cumulative pack-years, early smoking initiation (<18 years) remained an independent and significant predictor of asthma onset in middle and older age (HR=2.56; 95% CI: 1.29-5.06, p=0.007). Subgroup analysis revealed that smoking-related asthma risk was especially elevated among those aged <65 years, females, overweight individuals, and those without baseline comorbidities. Moreover, there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the smoking and non-smoking groups in asthma patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increased risk of asthma onset among middle-aged and older adults due to adolescent smoking initiation was independent of cumulative smoking pack-years, even though low pack-years and long-term smoking also contribute to increased risk. Targeted smoking cessation programs, especially adolescent prevention, are crucial to reduce asthma burden in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Tobacco Induced Diseases
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1