Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102763
Amrit Kahlon, Steven Lippmann, Rachana Mehta, Vini Mehta, Jack Feehan, Vasso Apostolopoulos , Ranjit Sah
{"title":"New Malaria vaccine a boon to Endemic regions - Doubling efficacy rates, at lower cost","authors":"Amrit Kahlon, Steven Lippmann, Rachana Mehta, Vini Mehta, Jack Feehan, Vasso Apostolopoulos , Ranjit Sah","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102763","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102763"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102761
Matilde Hens , Steven Declercq , Nicole Berens-Riha , Ula Maniewski , Caroline Theunissen , Steven Van Den Broucke , Felix De Bièvre , Isabel Brosius , Laurens Liesenborghs , Christophe Van Dijck , Christophe Burm , Inne Nauwelaers , Katleen Balliauw , Benjamin J. Visser , Emmanuel Bottieau , Patrick Soentjens
Background
We aimed to determine the timeliness of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and the proportion of individuals with an adequate antibody response post-PEP among those attending the Belgian national reference center.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of patient records who attended our center from 2018 to 2023. Delay was defined as rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) and vaccine initiation beyond 2 calendar days after exposure. Antibodies were measured by rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) after PEP in high-risk exposures. A titer ≥0.5 IU/ml was considered adequate.
Results
We reviewed 317 patient records. Among individuals with inland exposure (n = 103), 85 % timely received PEP. Among travelers exposed abroad (n = 214), administration of RIG and vaccine initiation were timely in 30 % and 50 % of cases, respectively. An adequate antibody response was detected in 99.5 % (195/196) individuals.
Conclusion
Substantial PEP delays among travelers were observed. The robust antibody responses suggest that routine serological follow-up is not necessary for all patients.
背景：我们旨在确定狂犬病暴露后预防（PEP）的及时性，以及在比利时国家参考中心就诊的患者中，PEP后抗体反应充分者的比例：回顾性分析2018-2023年在本中心就诊的患者记录。延迟的定义是狂犬病免疫球蛋白（RIG）和疫苗接种时间超过暴露后 2 个日历日。在高风险暴露的 PEP 后，通过快速荧光聚焦抑制试验（RFFIT）测量抗体。结果：我们审查了 317 份患者病历。在内陆接触者（人数=103）中，85%及时接受了PEP。在暴露于国外的旅行者（人数=214）中，分别有 30% 和 50% 的病例及时注射了 RIG 和疫苗。99.5%（195/196）的人检测到了足够的抗体反应：结论：在旅行者中发现了大量的 PEP 延误。强大的抗体反应表明，没有必要对所有患者进行常规血清学随访。
{"title":"Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis: A retrospective analysis of timing of initiation and antibody responses in a Belgian cohort","authors":"Matilde Hens , Steven Declercq , Nicole Berens-Riha , Ula Maniewski , Caroline Theunissen , Steven Van Den Broucke , Felix De Bièvre , Isabel Brosius , Laurens Liesenborghs , Christophe Van Dijck , Christophe Burm , Inne Nauwelaers , Katleen Balliauw , Benjamin J. Visser , Emmanuel Bottieau , Patrick Soentjens","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We aimed to determine the timeliness of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and the proportion of individuals with an adequate antibody response post-PEP among those attending the Belgian national reference center.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective analysis of patient records who attended our center from 2018 to 2023. Delay was defined as rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) and vaccine initiation beyond 2 calendar days after exposure. Antibodies were measured by rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) after PEP in high-risk exposures. A titer ≥0.5 IU/ml was considered adequate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We reviewed 317 patient records. Among individuals with inland exposure (n = 103), 85 % timely received PEP. Among travelers exposed abroad (n = 214), administration of RIG and vaccine initiation were timely in 30 % and 50 % of cases, respectively. An adequate antibody response was detected in 99.5 % (195/196) individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Substantial PEP delays among travelers were observed. The robust antibody responses suggest that routine serological follow-up is not necessary for all patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102761"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000784/pdfft?md5=f19e91b9c75bfe6b45881439671e8a65&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000784-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102762
Serena Vita , Eleonora Lalle , Priscilla Caputi, Francesca Faraglia, Alessandra D'Abramo, Licia Bordi, Gabriella De Carli, Giuseppe Sberna, Maria Letizia Giancola, Gaetano Maffongelli, Cosmina Mija, Andrea Antinori, Stefania Cicalini, Fabrizio Maggi, Enrico Girardi, Francesco Vairo, Emanuele Nicastri
Background
Since August to November 2023, 82 cases of autochthonous or non-travel related Dengue virus (DENV) infection have been reported in Italy, highlighting a concerning trend of local transmission. We describe the clinical and laboratory findings of 10 autochthonous DENV in the metropolitan area of Rome admitted to the Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases.
Method and results
Ten patients (3 males, 7 females; median age: 51) with classic dengue fever symptoms were admitted between August and November 2023. Laboratory tests confirmed dengue infection through DENV non-structural protein 1 and/or immunoglobulins (IgM/IgG) positive tests, moreover leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated transaminases were detected. A subset of patients underwent extensive biological sampling, including real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence, to monitor DENV-RNA and antibody levels over 30 days. DENV-1 was detected in 8 patients and DENV-3 in 2. Upon admission specific IgM antibodies were found in 7 patients while IgG antibodies in 4 patients. DENV RNA was consistently detected in blood within the first 8 days but was less common in saliva and urine. No DENV RNA was detected after day 24.
Conclusion
These findings contribute to the understanding of the clinical course of DENV infection in a non-endemic setting as integrated epidemiological and clinical model to increase syndromic surveillance and timely diagnosis of DENV infections.
{"title":"Dengue fever as autochthonous infectious disease in Italy: Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics","authors":"Serena Vita , Eleonora Lalle , Priscilla Caputi, Francesca Faraglia, Alessandra D'Abramo, Licia Bordi, Gabriella De Carli, Giuseppe Sberna, Maria Letizia Giancola, Gaetano Maffongelli, Cosmina Mija, Andrea Antinori, Stefania Cicalini, Fabrizio Maggi, Enrico Girardi, Francesco Vairo, Emanuele Nicastri","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Since August to November 2023, 82 cases of autochthonous or non-travel related Dengue virus (DENV) infection have been reported in Italy, highlighting a concerning trend of local transmission. We describe the clinical and laboratory findings of 10 autochthonous DENV in the metropolitan area of Rome admitted to the Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Method and results</h3><div>Ten patients (3 males, 7 females; median age: 51) with classic dengue fever symptoms were admitted between August and November 2023. Laboratory tests confirmed dengue infection through DENV non-structural protein 1 and/or immunoglobulins (IgM/IgG) positive tests, moreover leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated transaminases were detected. A subset of patients underwent extensive biological sampling, including real-time RT-PCR and immunofluorescence, to monitor DENV-RNA and antibody levels over 30 days. DENV-1 was detected in 8 patients and DENV-3 in 2. Upon admission specific IgM antibodies were found in 7 patients while IgG antibodies in 4 patients. DENV RNA was consistently detected in blood within the first 8 days but was less common in saliva and urine. No DENV RNA was detected after day 24.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings contribute to the understanding of the clinical course of DENV infection in a non-endemic setting as integrated epidemiological and clinical model to increase syndromic surveillance and timely diagnosis of DENV infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102762"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000796/pdfft?md5=406a09249a1a59ee06646985a531d633&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000796-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102759
Jing Wang , Lingfei Ge , Kai Zhou , Yi Jiang , Mengqi Pang , Jiaqi Wang , Yuxian Zhu , Lingli Zhu , Xiaoxiao Jin , Zeying Chai , Tao Hsin Tung , Hongping Lu , Bo Shen , Lingzhi Zheng
Background
People are very concerned about the adverse effects of Omicron infection on delivery modes, duration of labor, and the postpartum status of pregnant women and neonates.
Methods
382 pregnant women (Omicron group: 136 cases; non-Omicron group: 246 cases) giving birth in our hospital were collected, demographic characteristics, vaccination, clinical manifestation and medication, delivery outcomes of pregnant women and neonates were recorded. Delivery outcomes were compared between the Omicron and non-Omicron groups, acute infection and non-acute infection groups to explore the relationship between adverse delivery outcomes and Omicron infection.
Results
Pregnant women in the Omicron group had a longer hospitalization time (6.3 ± 3.6 days vs.5.5 ± 2.3 days), more 2-hour postpartum hemorrhage (291.7 ± 104.9 mL vs.262.7 ± 91.2 mL) and higher neonatal-pediatric transfer rate (20.6 % vs. 2.8 %), which might be associated with fetal distress, prenatal fever and pneumonia/respiratory distress. Neonates transferred to pediatrics due to jaundice were unique in the Omicron group. Fever-pregnant women have a more prolonged second stage of labor and hospital stay while coughing or expectoration ones have a shorter third stage of labor. Delivery outcomes did not differ whether the infected pregnant women were in the acute phase and whether to use antipyretics.
Conclusion
Omicron infection can increase the 2-hour postpartum hemorrhage volume and the neonatal-pediatric transfer rate. The symptoms can affect the duration of labor and hospital stay. However, whether the infected pregnant women are in the acute phase or use antipyretics do not affect the delivery outcome.
背景：方法：收集在我院分娩的382例孕妇（奥米克隆组136例，非奥米克隆组246例），记录孕妇和新生儿的人口学特征、疫苗接种情况、临床表现和用药情况、分娩结局等。比较了奥米克龙组和非奥米克龙组、急性感染组和非急性感染组的分娩结果，以探讨不良分娩结果与奥米克龙感染之间的关系：结果：奥米克隆组孕妇住院时间较长（6.3 ± 3.6 天 vs. 5.5 ± 2.3 天），产后 2 小时出血量较多（291.7 ± 104.9 mL vs. 262.7 ± 91.2 mL），新生儿转儿科率较高（20.6% vs. 2.8%），这可能与胎儿窘迫、产前发烧和肺炎/呼吸窘迫有关。因黄疸而转入儿科的新生儿在 Omicron 组中是独一无二的。发热孕妇的第二产程和住院时间更长，而咳嗽或祛痰孕妇的第三产程更短。受感染的孕妇是否处于急性期以及是否使用退烧药，分娩结果并无差异：结论：奥米克隆感染会增加产后 2 小时出血量和新生儿-儿科转院率。这些症状会影响产程和住院时间。然而，受感染的孕妇是否处于急性期或是否使用退烧药并不会影响分娩结果。
{"title":"Effect of omicron infection on maternal and neonatal delivery outcomes: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Jing Wang , Lingfei Ge , Kai Zhou , Yi Jiang , Mengqi Pang , Jiaqi Wang , Yuxian Zhu , Lingli Zhu , Xiaoxiao Jin , Zeying Chai , Tao Hsin Tung , Hongping Lu , Bo Shen , Lingzhi Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People are very concerned about the adverse effects of Omicron infection on delivery modes, duration of labor, and the postpartum status of pregnant women and neonates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>382 pregnant women (Omicron group: 136 cases; non-Omicron group: 246 cases) giving birth in our hospital were collected, demographic characteristics, vaccination, clinical manifestation and medication, delivery outcomes of pregnant women and neonates were recorded. Delivery outcomes were compared between the Omicron and non-Omicron groups, acute infection and non-acute infection groups to explore the relationship between adverse delivery outcomes and Omicron infection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pregnant women in the Omicron group had a longer hospitalization time (6.3 ± 3.6 days vs.5.5 ± 2.3 days), more 2-hour postpartum hemorrhage (291.7 ± 104.9 mL vs.262.7 ± 91.2 mL) and higher neonatal-pediatric transfer rate (20.6 % vs. 2.8 %), which might be associated with fetal distress, prenatal fever and pneumonia/respiratory distress. Neonates transferred to pediatrics due to jaundice were unique in the Omicron group. Fever-pregnant women have a more prolonged second stage of labor and hospital stay while coughing or expectoration ones have a shorter third stage of labor. Delivery outcomes did not differ whether the infected pregnant women were in the acute phase and whether to use antipyretics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Omicron infection can increase the 2-hour postpartum hemorrhage volume and the neonatal-pediatric transfer rate. The symptoms can affect the duration of labor and hospital stay. However, whether the infected pregnant women are in the acute phase or use antipyretics do not affect the delivery outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102759"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), an obligate intracellular parasite, is considered as an opportunistic infection and causes toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. Congenital toxoplasmosis can influence pregnancy and cause mild to severe consequences for the fetal and neonatal. During early T. gondii infection, neutrophils as the most abundant white blood cells provide a front line of defense mechanism against infection. The activated dendritic cells are then responsible for initiating an inflammatory response via T-helper 1 (Th1) cells. As part of its robust immune response, the infected host cells produce interferon (IFN-γ). IFN-γ inhibits T. gondii replication and promotes its transformation from an active form to tissue cysts. Although anti- T. gondii antibodies play an important role in infection control, T-helper 2 (Th2) immune response, can facilitate the growth and proliferation of T. gondii in the host cell. In pregnant women infected with T. gondii, the expression of cytokines may vary and in response diverse outcomes are expected. Cytokine profiles serve as valuable indicators for estimating the patho-immunological effects of T. gondii infection. This demonstrates the intricate relationship between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as their influence on the various pregnancy outcomes in T. gondii infection.
弓形虫（T. gondii）是一种细胞内寄生虫，被认为是一种机会性感染，可导致人类和动物弓形虫病。先天性弓形虫病会影响妊娠，并对胎儿和新生儿造成轻微到严重的后果。在巨细胞弓形虫感染早期，中性粒细胞作为最丰富的白细胞提供了抗感染的前线防御机制。然后，活化的树突状细胞负责通过 T 辅助 1（Th1）细胞启动炎症反应。作为强大免疫反应的一部分，受感染的宿主细胞会产生干扰素（IFN-γ）。IFN-γ 可抑制淋病双球菌的复制，并促进其从活性形式转变为组织囊肿。虽然抗淋病双球菌抗体在感染控制中起着重要作用，但 T 辅助细胞 2（Th2）免疫反应可促进淋病双球菌在宿主细胞中的生长和增殖。在感染了淋病双球菌的孕妇中，细胞因子的表达可能会有所不同，预计会出现不同的反应结果。细胞因子图谱是评估淋病双球菌感染的病理免疫学影响的重要指标。这表明促炎细胞因子和抗炎细胞因子之间存在着错综复杂的关系，以及它们对淋球菌感染后各种妊娠结果的影响。
{"title":"Inflammatory pathways of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy","authors":"Reyhaneh Moghaddami , Mahdi Mahdipour , Ehsan Ahmadpour","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> (<em>T. gondii</em>), an obligate intracellular parasite, is considered as an opportunistic infection and causes toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. Congenital toxoplasmosis can influence pregnancy and cause mild to severe consequences for the fetal and neonatal. During early <em>T. gondii</em> infection, neutrophils as the most abundant white blood cells provide a front line of defense mechanism against infection. The activated dendritic cells are then responsible for initiating an inflammatory response via T-helper 1 (Th1) cells. As part of its robust immune response, the infected host cells produce interferon (IFN<strong>-γ</strong>). IFN<strong>-γ</strong> inhibits <em>T. gondii</em> replication and promotes its transformation from an active form to tissue cysts. Although anti- <em>T. gondii</em> antibodies play an important role in infection control, T-helper 2 (Th2) immune response, can facilitate the growth and proliferation of <em>T. gondii</em> in the host cell. In pregnant women infected with <em>T. gondii</em>, the expression of cytokines may vary and in response diverse outcomes are expected. Cytokine profiles serve as valuable indicators for estimating the patho-immunological effects of <em>T. gondii</em> infection. This demonstrates the intricate relationship between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as their influence on the various pregnancy outcomes in <em>T. gondii</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102760"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000772/pdfft?md5=03656e32206536a764d002b86c73f16c&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000772-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102755
Christoffer Ellegård Christensen, Terese L. Katzenstein, Marie Helleberg
{"title":"Fever in a traveler returning from Kenya","authors":"Christoffer Ellegård Christensen, Terese L. Katzenstein, Marie Helleberg","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102755","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102755"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000723/pdfft?md5=92226e525183dbac25557d393bee9d9f&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000723-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102757
Pierluigi Francesco Salvo , Alessia Sanfilippo , Gianmaria Baldin , Valentina Iannone , Arturo Ciccullo , Damiano Farinacci , Domenico Benvenuto , Alberto Borghetti , Simona Di Giambenedetto , Francesca Lombardi
Background
High incidence mpox rates suggest asymptomatic individuals may contribute to virus transmission. We undertook this study to assess the seroprevalence of IgG anti-MPXV in a cohort of asymptomatic PLWH, to analyze the size of the phenomenon of asymptomatic infections.
Materials and methods
From October 2022 to March 2023 we serially collected serum samples from PLWH attending our Clinic. IgG against MPXV have been assessed on stored cryopreserved samples with an ELISA. Only people with no previous reported vaccine against smallpox or mpox nor previous clinical manifestations consistent with a mpox diagnosis were included.
Results
285 PLWH were included. Twenty-one participants tested positive for IgG anti MPXV (7.37 %, 95 % CI 4.62–11.0). Seropositivity was predominant in male (15/285, 71.4) with a small fraction of female (6/285,28.6 %) and PWID (1/285,4.8 %).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest the possibility of an asymptomatic course of the mpox infection even in populations beyond traditional high-risk groups.
{"title":"Investigating seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLWH) in Rome, during the 2022 outbreak: Moving beyond traditional at-risk populations","authors":"Pierluigi Francesco Salvo , Alessia Sanfilippo , Gianmaria Baldin , Valentina Iannone , Arturo Ciccullo , Damiano Farinacci , Domenico Benvenuto , Alberto Borghetti , Simona Di Giambenedetto , Francesca Lombardi","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>High incidence mpox rates suggest asymptomatic individuals may contribute to virus transmission. We undertook this study to assess the seroprevalence of IgG <em>anti</em>-MPXV in a cohort of asymptomatic PLWH, to analyze the size of the phenomenon of asymptomatic infections.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>From October 2022 to March 2023 we serially collected serum samples from PLWH attending our Clinic. IgG against MPXV have been assessed on stored cryopreserved samples with an ELISA. Only people with no previous reported vaccine against smallpox or mpox nor previous clinical manifestations consistent with a mpox diagnosis were included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>285 PLWH were included. Twenty-one participants tested positive for IgG anti MPXV (7.37 %, 95 % CI 4.62–11.0). Seropositivity was predominant in male (15/285, 71.4) with a small fraction of female (6/285,28.6 %) and PWID (1/285,4.8 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings suggest the possibility of an asymptomatic course of the mpox infection even in populations beyond traditional high-risk groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102757"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000747/pdfft?md5=da722812945ac10b84a9a2a376d715d9&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000747-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102758
Aonghus J. Feeney , Jeffery A. Goad , Gerard T. Flaherty
Background
The increasing prevalence of falsified and counterfeit medicines globally poses risks to international travellers. This narrative literature review examines the global challenge of falsified and counterfeit medicines, with a specific focus on risks for travellers. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of this multidimensional issue, exploring potential solutions for effective intervention.
Methods
A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus, as well as relevant reports from international organisations, was undertaken. There was a focus on extracting information pertaining to the prevalence, types, and geographical patterns of falsified and counterfeit medicines encountered by international travellers. Synthesising this information helped to identify overarching trends and patterns. This narrative review utilised a thematic analysis approach to synthesise the findings.
Results
The findings revealed a diverse range of counterfeit drug categories, spanning from antibiotics to lifestyle medications, posing unique risks to travellers navigating the global pharmaceutical landscape. The review emphasises the geographical distribution of these drugs, with varying consequences for both high- and low-income nations. The inadequate formulations and inconsistent drug release arising from these practices pose severe threats to public health, especially for individuals travelling abroad. The review also highlights the significance of international collaboration in addressing this global challenge, as pharmaceutical supply chains seamlessly cross borders, necessitating a collaborative approach for effective regulation and enforcement.
Conclusions
This review underscores the need for targeted research, collaborative interventions, and technological innovations to address the complexities associated with falsified and counterfeit medicines, ensuring the safety and well-being of international travellers.
{"title":"Global perspective of the risks of falsified and counterfeit medicines: A critical review of the literature","authors":"Aonghus J. Feeney , Jeffery A. Goad , Gerard T. Flaherty","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The increasing prevalence of falsified and counterfeit medicines globally poses risks to international travellers. This narrative literature review examines the global challenge of falsified and counterfeit medicines, with a specific focus on risks for travellers. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of this multidimensional issue, exploring potential solutions for effective intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus, as well as relevant reports from international organisations, was undertaken. There was a focus on extracting information pertaining to the prevalence, types, and geographical patterns of falsified and counterfeit medicines encountered by international travellers. Synthesising this information helped to identify overarching trends and patterns. This narrative review utilised a thematic analysis approach to synthesise the findings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings revealed a diverse range of counterfeit drug categories, spanning from antibiotics to lifestyle medications, posing unique risks to travellers navigating the global pharmaceutical landscape. The review emphasises the geographical distribution of these drugs, with varying consequences for both high- and low-income nations. The inadequate formulations and inconsistent drug release arising from these practices pose severe threats to public health, especially for individuals travelling abroad. The review also highlights the significance of international collaboration in addressing this global challenge, as pharmaceutical supply chains seamlessly cross borders, necessitating a collaborative approach for effective regulation and enforcement.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This review underscores the need for targeted research, collaborative interventions, and technological innovations to address the complexities associated with falsified and counterfeit medicines, ensuring the safety and well-being of international travellers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102758"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000759/pdfft?md5=6ed47db6cd04cb45777d847f01cef5e0&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000759-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rickettsia sibirica caused infection in international traveler from Cambodia","authors":"Junrong Liang , Biying Zhang , Zhongqiu Teng , Yuqing Cheng, Miao Lu, Qingzhu Huang, Xincheng Qin, JianGuo Xu, Tian Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102754"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000711/pdfft?md5=03a44c2e5b973edb623e68086e68c652&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000711-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102756
Luisa F. Sánchez Sossa, Andrés Eduardo Prieto-Torres, Leidy J. Medina-Lozano, Álvaro A. Faccini-Martínez
{"title":"Dengue with wet purpura imported from Ecuador in a Colombian traveler","authors":"Luisa F. Sánchez Sossa, Andrés Eduardo Prieto-Torres, Leidy J. Medina-Lozano, Álvaro A. Faccini-Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102756","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 102756"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893924000735/pdfft?md5=21890967ea3c6e3d1aeffb55a2399cbd&pid=1-s2.0-S1477893924000735-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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