Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102889
Stephen Toovey MBBCh PhD , Jessica A. Hellings MBBCh, M.Med
{"title":"Immunisation in pregnancy – Weighing the unknown to balance benefits and risks impacting women, offspring, and development","authors":"Stephen Toovey MBBCh PhD , Jessica A. Hellings MBBCh, M.Med","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102889"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102888
Victor Luzarraga, Maxime Moniot, Patricia Combes, Mathilde Legay, Philippe Poirier, Céline Nourrisson
Purpose: We report here on an imported case of Haplorchis taichui infection in a Western country. Given their rarity in these countries, such diagnoses of heterophyid flukes can be particularly difficult.
Methods: The stool of a 70-year-old Laotian woman with eosinophilia was sent to the laboratory for examination. Microscopic observations based on direct examination and two concentration methods were performed on the fecal sample. After extraction of DNA from the sample, Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was carried out.
Results: Ellipsoid eggs with a convex operculum and abopercular knob were observed on microscopic examination, suggestive of fluke eggs, but there was no morphological criterion to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid eggs. Results of ITS2 and cox1 sequencing matched the intestinal fluke Haplorchis taichui.
Conclusion: This case report points out that small trematode eggs can hardly be used to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid flukes in fecal examinations, and underlines the need for molecular genomic studies to establish an accurate species diagnosis.
{"title":"An imported case of Haplorchis taichui infection diagnosed with molecular genomics in France.","authors":"Victor Luzarraga, Maxime Moniot, Patricia Combes, Mathilde Legay, Philippe Poirier, Céline Nourrisson","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We report here on an imported case of Haplorchis taichui infection in a Western country. Given their rarity in these countries, such diagnoses of heterophyid flukes can be particularly difficult.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The stool of a 70-year-old Laotian woman with eosinophilia was sent to the laboratory for examination. Microscopic observations based on direct examination and two concentration methods were performed on the fecal sample. After extraction of DNA from the sample, Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ellipsoid eggs with a convex operculum and abopercular knob were observed on microscopic examination, suggestive of fluke eggs, but there was no morphological criterion to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid eggs. Results of ITS2 and cox1 sequencing matched the intestinal fluke Haplorchis taichui.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report points out that small trematode eggs can hardly be used to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid flukes in fecal examinations, and underlines the need for molecular genomic studies to establish an accurate species diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"102888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102835
Guillaume Carnevale , Sinclair Andrew , Florence Fouque , Pierre Carnevale
Background
Thanks to the large-scale distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), several hundreds of millions of cases, and malaria related mortality, were averted these last decades.
However, disposing of the used, and discarded nets, made of non-biodegradable plastics, and impregnated with insecticides, and usually burned or buried, raises significant, physical and chemical, environmental and health concerns. This study explores the first application of pyrolysis to recycle, and repurpose, discarded LLINs, with tests conducted in Lombok, Indonesia.
Method
Pyrolysis was tested on Royal Sentry® LLINs, made from polyethylene and impregnated with alpha-cypermethrin. A special equipment was prepared to make this pyrolysis, following the same protocol as the one currently used for treating plastic waste at large-scale in the factory Geo Trash Management (Lombok).
Results
The pyrolysis yielded 81.3 % high-quality oil, 5.65 % oil residue, and 5 % carbon residue. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified 36 hydrocarbons, 7 alcohols, and 1 acid, without harmful chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Unexpectedly, the nets contained Nonacosane, a mosquito attractant, and Citronellol, a natural repellent, raising questions about their effects on mosquito behaviour.
Conclusions
Polyethylene LLINs are suitable for pyrolysis, offering an innovative solution to the environmental impact of discarded nets. The Recycling used Insecticide-Treated Nets for Safer Environment (RINSE) project plans to transfer this technology to malaria-endemic countries, establishing recycling structures and promoting sustainability. This approach supports global efforts to combat plastic pollution, create a circular economy, and sustainably manage LLIN disposal. Further research is recommended to explore the behavioural implications of detected compounds.
{"title":"First trial of recycling used insecticide treated nets by pyrolysis for safer environment: The RINSE project","authors":"Guillaume Carnevale , Sinclair Andrew , Florence Fouque , Pierre Carnevale","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Thanks to the large-scale distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), several hundreds of millions of cases, and malaria related mortality, were averted these last decades.</div><div>However, disposing of the used, and discarded nets, made of non-biodegradable plastics, and impregnated with insecticides, and usually burned or buried, raises significant, physical and chemical, environmental and health concerns. This study explores the first application of pyrolysis to recycle, and repurpose, discarded LLINs, with tests conducted in Lombok, Indonesia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Pyrolysis was tested on Royal Sentry® LLINs, made from polyethylene and impregnated with alpha-cypermethrin. A special equipment was prepared to make this pyrolysis, following the same protocol as the one currently used for treating plastic waste at large-scale in the factory Geo Trash Management (Lombok).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pyrolysis yielded 81.3 % high-quality oil, 5.65 % oil residue, and 5 % carbon residue. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified 36 hydrocarbons, 7 alcohols, and 1 acid, without harmful chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Unexpectedly, the nets contained Nonacosane, a mosquito attractant, and Citronellol, a natural repellent, raising questions about their effects on mosquito behaviour.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Polyethylene LLINs are suitable for pyrolysis, offering an innovative solution to the environmental impact of discarded nets. The Recycling used Insecticide-Treated Nets for Safer Environment (RINSE) project plans to transfer this technology to malaria-endemic countries, establishing recycling structures and promoting sustainability. This approach supports global efforts to combat plastic pollution, create a circular economy, and sustainably manage LLIN disposal. Further research is recommended to explore the behavioural implications of detected compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102907
Tao Xu , Wen Li , Chun-Yan Zhang , Bo Dong , Tao Luo , Jian-Guo Huang , Jin-Long Shi , Jun Tang , Shi-Jun Li
Objective
To extend the Lake Louise Scoring (LLS) system to better assess cognitive impairment, and investigate the early changes of hematological indicators for subjects of rapid ascent to high altitude.
Methods
One hundred and eighty-nine subjects underwent routine hematology, urine and psychological examination at the altitude of 1500 m in February, and did that again after they had ascended to 3860 m in 2 days. Subjects were evaluated with eLLS using a combination of self-reported cognitive assessment and a diagnosis of AMS based on 4-item Lake Louise Score (LLS) of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). Next year, a follow-up validation was conducted in the same area.
Results
Sixty-eight subjects were diagnosed AMS with LLS and 92 subjects met the diagnostic criteria of eLLS among 189 subjects. The difference in hematological indicators calculated by the eLLS criteria was more significant than that calculated by the LLS criteria, which including red blood cells (P < 0.01), white blood cells (P < 0.05), hemoglobin (P < 0.01), platelets (P < 0.01) and neutrophils (P < 0.01). The eLLS identified additional risk factors comparing with LLS, which included higher white blood cells (OR 1.660, 95 % CI 1.032–2.670, P < 0.05), neutrophils (OR 1.312, 95 % CI 1.002–1.718, P < 0.05). Follow-up results showed that there were more significant differences in psychological scale scores between the groups identified using the eLLS criteria. (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
We proposed eLLS standard for individuals rapidly ascending to high altitude, which is more sensitive to hematological changes and can better reflect the cognitive mental state than the LLS.
{"title":"Extended Lake Louise Score: a novel standard evaluation of cognitive impairment for immigrants' rapid ascent to high altitude","authors":"Tao Xu , Wen Li , Chun-Yan Zhang , Bo Dong , Tao Luo , Jian-Guo Huang , Jin-Long Shi , Jun Tang , Shi-Jun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To extend the Lake Louise Scoring (LLS) system to better assess cognitive impairment, and investigate the early changes of hematological indicators for subjects of rapid ascent to high altitude.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred and eighty-nine subjects underwent routine hematology, urine and psychological examination at the altitude of 1500 m in February, and did that again after they had ascended to 3860 m in 2 days. Subjects were evaluated with eLLS using a combination of self-reported cognitive assessment and a diagnosis of AMS based on 4-item Lake Louise Score (LLS) of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). Next year, a follow-up validation was conducted in the same area.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-eight subjects were diagnosed AMS with LLS and 92 subjects met the diagnostic criteria of eLLS among 189 subjects. The difference in hematological indicators calculated by the eLLS criteria was more significant than that calculated by the LLS criteria, which including red blood cells (P < 0.01), white blood cells (P < 0.05), hemoglobin (P < 0.01), platelets (P < 0.01) and neutrophils (P < 0.01). The eLLS identified additional risk factors comparing with LLS, which included higher white blood cells (OR 1.660, 95 % CI 1.032–2.670, P < 0.05), neutrophils (OR 1.312, 95 % CI 1.002–1.718, P < 0.05). Follow-up results showed that there were more significant differences in psychological scale scores between the groups identified using the eLLS criteria. (P < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We proposed eLLS standard for individuals rapidly ascending to high altitude, which is more sensitive to hematological changes and can better reflect the cognitive mental state than the LLS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S1477-8939(25)00121-8
{"title":"Title page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1477-8939(25)00121-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1477-8939(25)00121-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102915"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-25DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102877
Karolaine Santos Teixeira, Hillquias Monteiro Moreira, Tárcio Peixoto Roca, Edilene Pereira Pimentel, Jackson Alves da Silva Queiroz, Jessiane Rodrigues Ribeiro, Ana Maisa Passos-Silva, Adrhyan Araújo, Kátia Ingred da Silva Maia, Felipe Gomes Naveca, Ighor Arantes, Gonzalo Bello, Jansen Fernandes de Medeiros, Marco Aurelio Krieger, Juan Miguel Villalobos Salcedo, Rita de Cássia Pontello Rampazzo, Deusilene Vieira
Background: The distribution of arboviruses in endemic regions is experiencing a significant shift, along with the re-emergence of Oropouche virus (OROV) as a significant pathogen, characterized by dynamic vector-borne transmission. Despite growing public health relevance, OROV remains insufficiently characterized, with limited comprehensive genomic and epidemiological data. This knowledge gap affects the accuracy of diagnostic approaches and limits the effectiveness of surveillance and control strategies. This study aimed to characterize the re-emergence of OROV in endemic regions, elucidate its epidemiological distribution, and clarify the epidemiological distribution of OROV and assess its impact on diagnostic strategies and surveillance for acute febrile illness.
Methods: Between January and July 2024, a total of 869 individuals with malaria-negative acute febrile illness were screened for dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Duplex RT-qPCR assays were subsequently employed to detect Mayaro and Oropouche viruses. Spatiotemporal and geospatial analyses were conducted to assess the distribution of OROV in relation to environmental factors.
Findings: Among the participants, 35 % tested positive for OROV, with cases predominantly concentrated in forest and riverine areas. Considering that the significant increase in the number of cases occurred in a short space of time, the results highlight the urgent need to strengthen genomic and epidemiological surveillance to tackle emerging arboviral threats.
{"title":"Reemergence of Oropouche in the Brazilian Amazon: A phylodynamic and phylogenetic analysis.","authors":"Karolaine Santos Teixeira, Hillquias Monteiro Moreira, Tárcio Peixoto Roca, Edilene Pereira Pimentel, Jackson Alves da Silva Queiroz, Jessiane Rodrigues Ribeiro, Ana Maisa Passos-Silva, Adrhyan Araújo, Kátia Ingred da Silva Maia, Felipe Gomes Naveca, Ighor Arantes, Gonzalo Bello, Jansen Fernandes de Medeiros, Marco Aurelio Krieger, Juan Miguel Villalobos Salcedo, Rita de Cássia Pontello Rampazzo, Deusilene Vieira","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The distribution of arboviruses in endemic regions is experiencing a significant shift, along with the re-emergence of Oropouche virus (OROV) as a significant pathogen, characterized by dynamic vector-borne transmission. Despite growing public health relevance, OROV remains insufficiently characterized, with limited comprehensive genomic and epidemiological data. This knowledge gap affects the accuracy of diagnostic approaches and limits the effectiveness of surveillance and control strategies. This study aimed to characterize the re-emergence of OROV in endemic regions, elucidate its epidemiological distribution, and clarify the epidemiological distribution of OROV and assess its impact on diagnostic strategies and surveillance for acute febrile illness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January and July 2024, a total of 869 individuals with malaria-negative acute febrile illness were screened for dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Duplex RT-qPCR assays were subsequently employed to detect Mayaro and Oropouche viruses. Spatiotemporal and geospatial analyses were conducted to assess the distribution of OROV in relation to environmental factors.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Among the participants, 35 % tested positive for OROV, with cases predominantly concentrated in forest and riverine areas. Considering that the significant increase in the number of cases occurred in a short space of time, the results highlight the urgent need to strengthen genomic and epidemiological surveillance to tackle emerging arboviral threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"102877"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102817
Kinley Wangdi , Dawa Wangchuk , Tilahun Alamnia , Pengxing Cao , Manas Kotepui , Apiporn T. Suwannatrai , Lhawang Ugyel , Sotiris Vardoulakis , Tsheten Tsheten
Background
Malaria elimination efforts are expensive and often challenging because they are usually located in the hard-to-reach areas. Malaria elimination efforts can be greatly enhanced through the involvement of village health workers (VHWs). This systematic review aimed to study the role of VHWs in malaria elimination programs in hard-to-reach areas.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted in five life sciences databases including PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, ProQuest, and Medline, and Google. They were searched from their inception to October 2024 for studies reporting the roles of VHW in malaria elimination activities.
Results
Of 14,884 articles screened, 44 articles met the inclusion criteria. Nearly 65.9 % (29) of the studies were from Africa and the rest were from Asia. Thirty-seven studies were from the hard-to-reach areas. The hard-to-reach areas included villages (18/44), hard-to-reach villages (2/44), rural areas (7/44), one study each on border areas, border forested areas, and refugee and conflict areas. VHWs were mostly involved in diagnosis and treatment of malaria (21/44), three studies on behaviour change communication and reactive case detection, four on prevention using long-lasting insecticidal nets and intermittent preventive treatment of children, two studies each on seasonal malaria chemoprevention, health education, and intermittent preventive treatment in children.
Conclusion
VHWs engaged in a number of malaria control activities in a hard-to-reach areas. They were primarily involved in routine control of malaria and were not regularly engaged in malaria elimination activities. As more countries are pursuing the national goal of malaria elimination, VHWs should be integrated into the elimination program.
消除疟疾的努力代价高昂，而且往往具有挑战性，因为它们通常位于难以到达的地区。通过村卫生工作者的参与，可以大大加强消除疟疾的努力。本系统综述旨在研究VHWs在难以到达地区的疟疾消除规划中的作用。方法对PubMed、Web of sciences、Scopus、ProQuest、Medline、谷歌等5个生命科学数据库进行系统评价。从它们成立到2024年10月，对报告VHW在消除疟疾活动中的作用的研究进行了检索。结果在筛选的14884篇文献中，有44篇符合纳入标准。近65.9%（29项）的研究来自非洲，其余来自亚洲。37项研究来自难以到达的地区。难以到达的地区包括村庄（18/44）、难以到达的村庄（2/44）、农村地区（7/44）、边境地区、边境森林地区、难民和冲突地区各一项研究。家庭卫生保健员主要参与疟疾的诊断和治疗（21/44），三项关于行为改变沟通和反应性病例检测的研究，四项关于使用长效驱虫蚊帐进行预防和儿童间歇性预防性治疗的研究，两项关于季节性疟疾化学预防、健康教育和儿童间歇性预防性治疗的研究。结论志愿卫生工作者在偏远地区开展了多项疟疾控制活动。他们主要参与疟疾的日常控制工作，并不经常参与消灭疟疾的活动。随着越来越多的国家追求消除疟疾的国家目标，应将卫生工作者纳入消除规划。
{"title":"Role of village health worker in control activities for malaria elimination efforts: A systematic review","authors":"Kinley Wangdi , Dawa Wangchuk , Tilahun Alamnia , Pengxing Cao , Manas Kotepui , Apiporn T. Suwannatrai , Lhawang Ugyel , Sotiris Vardoulakis , Tsheten Tsheten","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malaria elimination efforts are expensive and often challenging because they are usually located in the hard-to-reach areas. Malaria elimination efforts can be greatly enhanced through the involvement of village health workers (VHWs). This systematic review aimed to study the role of VHWs in malaria elimination programs in hard-to-reach areas.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted in five life sciences databases including PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, ProQuest, and Medline, and Google. They were searched from their inception to October 2024 for studies reporting the roles of VHW in malaria elimination activities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 14,884 articles screened, 44 articles met the inclusion criteria. Nearly 65.9 % (29) of the studies were from Africa and the rest were from Asia. Thirty-seven studies were from the hard-to-reach areas. The hard-to-reach areas included villages (18/44), hard-to-reach villages (2/44), rural areas (7/44), one study each on border areas, border forested areas, and refugee and conflict areas. VHWs were mostly involved in diagnosis and treatment of malaria (21/44), three studies on behaviour change communication and reactive case detection, four on prevention using long-lasting insecticidal nets and intermittent preventive treatment of children, two studies each on seasonal malaria chemoprevention, health education, and intermittent preventive treatment in children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>VHWs engaged in a number of malaria control activities in a hard-to-reach areas. They were primarily involved in routine control of malaria and were not regularly engaged in malaria elimination activities. As more countries are pursuing the national goal of malaria elimination, VHWs should be integrated into the elimination program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102817"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Strongyloidiasis remains neglected despite its lethal potential in immunocompromised hosts. Recent Taiwanese data reveal a prevalence of 1.9–4.8 % among at-risk cohorts, challenging assumptions that strongyloidiasis is rare in high-income countries (HICs). This commentary highlights three key implications: (i) systematic screening for elderly and immunosuppressed patients, (ii) integration into One Health surveillance frameworks recognizing zoonotic cycles, and (iii) economic evaluations to define cost-effective screening strategies. Addressing this silent infection is urgent amid expanding migration and immunosuppressive therapy use. Ignoring strongyloidiasis risks preventable morbidity, mortality, and rising healthcare costs in ageing HIC populations.
{"title":"Strongyloidiasis in high-income countries: Taiwan's data illuminate a global blind spot","authors":"Nathkapach Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon , Natthawut Charoenphon , Khristine Laguador Sandoval , Schawanya Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strongyloidiasis remains neglected despite its lethal potential in immunocompromised hosts. Recent Taiwanese data reveal a prevalence of 1.9–4.8 % among at-risk cohorts, challenging assumptions that strongyloidiasis is rare in high-income countries (HICs). This commentary highlights three key implications: (i) systematic screening for elderly and immunosuppressed patients, (ii) integration into One Health surveillance frameworks recognizing zoonotic cycles, and (iii) economic evaluations to define cost-effective screening strategies. Addressing this silent infection is urgent amid expanding migration and immunosuppressive therapy use. Ignoring strongyloidiasis risks preventable morbidity, mortality, and rising healthcare costs in ageing HIC populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102909"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102896
Chenming Huang , Yunkang Zhao , Baihui Han , Ye Zhang , Huan Zhang , Xin Zhao , Zeyu Zhao , Ke Wu , Yang Lin , Dingyan Zhang , Fanglei Zhang , Han Meng , Jiaqi Wang , Tianmu Chen , Xiao Qi
Objectives
The mpox outbreak in Beijing's Chaoyang District after late May 2023, this study aims to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and environmental contamination of this outbreak.
Methods
A field investigation was conducted to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of mpox cases and their living environments in Chaoyang District, Beijing, between May 2023 and May 2024. Laboratory testing, epidemiological description, and statistical analysis were conducted subsequently.
Results
The outbreak resulted in 43 non-fatal cases, 97.67 % were Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) and symptomatic, tracking a peak in August 2023 and declining thereafter. Travel history was reported in 27.91 % (12 of 43), and coinfections with both HIV and syphilis were among 16.28 % of mpox cases. MPXV-positive rates were 97.67 % for rash swabs, 55.81 % for throat swabs, and 59.38 % for environmental samples. Median cycle threshold (Ct) values were 20.45 (IQR: 4.57) for rash swabs, 31.59 (IQR: 5.64) for throat swabs, and 33.33 (IQR: 4.37) for environmental samples. Contact tracing revealed a 9.09 % prevalence among close contacts and a secondary attack rate of 10.26 %. High environmental contamination was found in bedrooms and items such as electronics and cups.
Conclusions
The mpox outbreak in Beijing's Chaoyang District predominantly affected MSM, that transmitted through diverse transmission routes. Environmental contamination in long-lived rooms or used items highlights the importance of targeted hygiene measures.
{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics and environmental contamination of monkeypox in Beijing's Chaoyang district: Field evidence from 2023 to 2024","authors":"Chenming Huang , Yunkang Zhao , Baihui Han , Ye Zhang , Huan Zhang , Xin Zhao , Zeyu Zhao , Ke Wu , Yang Lin , Dingyan Zhang , Fanglei Zhang , Han Meng , Jiaqi Wang , Tianmu Chen , Xiao Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The mpox outbreak in Beijing's Chaoyang District after late May 2023, this study aims to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and environmental contamination of this outbreak.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A field investigation was conducted to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of mpox cases and their living environments in Chaoyang District, Beijing, between May 2023 and May 2024. Laboratory testing, epidemiological description, and statistical analysis were conducted subsequently.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The outbreak resulted in 43 non-fatal cases, 97.67 % were Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) and symptomatic, tracking a peak in August 2023 and declining thereafter. Travel history was reported in 27.91 % (12 of 43), and coinfections with both HIV and syphilis were among 16.28 % of mpox cases. MPXV-positive rates were 97.67 % for rash swabs, 55.81 % for throat swabs, and 59.38 % for environmental samples. Median cycle threshold (Ct) values were 20.45 (IQR: 4.57) for rash swabs, 31.59 (IQR: 5.64) for throat swabs, and 33.33 (IQR: 4.37) for environmental samples. Contact tracing revealed a 9.09 % prevalence among close contacts and a secondary attack rate of 10.26 %. High environmental contamination was found in bedrooms and items such as electronics and cups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The mpox outbreak in Beijing's Chaoyang District predominantly affected MSM, that transmitted through diverse transmission routes. Environmental contamination in long-lived rooms or used items highlights the importance of targeted hygiene measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102896"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acute febrile illness (AFI) is a major cause of hospitalization in tropical regions. While it is often initially diagnosed as malaria in Africa, its specific causes in Somalia remain largely unknown. This study aimed to identify the etiology and clinical outcomes of AFI among hospitalized adults in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Methods
Medical records of adult patients presented with fever (≥15 years, temperature ≥37.5 °C) who were hospitalized from January 1, 2021 to 31 December 2023 at Somalia Mogadishu-Turkish Teaching and Research Hospital, Somalia were retrospectively examined. We described the demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatment modalities, and outcomes among these patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses were then performed to identify factors associated with severe outcomes.
Results
A total of 1648 cases were initially collected. After applying the inclusion criteria and removing duplicates and mislabeled files, 702 cases (42.6 %) were included in the study. Etiologies were identified in 24.2 % of these cases, with the most common being acute hepatitis A (9.5 %) and malaria (7.7 %). Antibiotics were used in 83.3 % of patients. Factors associated with an identified etiology included pre-existing medical conditions, genitourinary involvement, and a shorter fever duration. Overall, 61.4 % of patients recovered, while the mortality rate was 10.5 %, with the highest rate attributed to urinary tract sepsis (2.7 %). Poor outcomes were significantly associated with an elevated white blood cell count, elevated serum creatinine, and advanced age.
Conclusion
These findings underscore diagnostic limitations and antimicrobial misuse, emphasizing the need for expanded laboratory capabilities with pathogen-specific testing to better identify AFI in Somalia.
{"title":"Etiologies of acute febrile illness among hospitalized patients: A retrospective hospital-based study in Mogadishu, Somalia","authors":"Abyan Hassan Dimbil , Marian-run Abdiwali Mohamed , Phimphan Pisutsan , Tanaya Siripoon , Thundon Ngamprasertchai , Saranath Lawpoolsri , Sophie Schneitler , Kesinee Chotivanich , Wirongrong Chierakul , Watcharapong Piyaphanee , Wasin Matsee","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Acute febrile illness (AFI) is a major cause of hospitalization in tropical regions. While it is often initially diagnosed as malaria in Africa, its specific causes in Somalia remain largely unknown. This study aimed to identify the etiology and clinical outcomes of AFI among hospitalized adults in Mogadishu, Somalia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Medical records of adult patients presented with fever (≥15 years, temperature ≥37.5 °C) who were hospitalized from January 1, 2021 to 31 December 2023 at Somalia Mogadishu-Turkish Teaching and Research Hospital, Somalia were retrospectively examined. We described the demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatment modalities, and outcomes among these patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses were then performed to identify factors associated with severe outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1648 cases were initially collected. After applying the inclusion criteria and removing duplicates and mislabeled files, 702 cases (42.6 %) were included in the study. Etiologies were identified in 24.2 % of these cases, with the most common being acute hepatitis A (9.5 %) and malaria (7.7 %). Antibiotics were used in 83.3 % of patients. Factors associated with an identified etiology included pre-existing medical conditions, genitourinary involvement, and a shorter fever duration. Overall, 61.4 % of patients recovered, while the mortality rate was 10.5 %, with the highest rate attributed to urinary tract sepsis (2.7 %). Poor outcomes were significantly associated with an elevated white blood cell count, elevated serum creatinine, and advanced age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings underscore diagnostic limitations and antimicrobial misuse, emphasizing the need for expanded laboratory capabilities with pathogen-specific testing to better identify AFI in Somalia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 102898"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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