Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease最新文献

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Estimation of the magnitude of plastic and chemical pollution related to the abandonment of insecticide treated nets in the environment: From a KAP survey conducted in Benin in July 2023 与环境中废弃杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐有关的塑料和化学污染程度的估计：来自2023年7月在贝宁进行的一项KAP调查

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102826

Rachidou Ouorou , Ibigbé Amour Sabin Bohissou , Prudence Kuessi , Frédérick Gay

Background

Malaria remains a significant public health threat, particularly in vulnerable populations. Insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) have been a cornerstone of malaria prevention efforts for decades. ITNs have demonstrably reduced malaria morbidity and mortality. However, their widespread use has raised concerns about a potential unintended consequence: environmental pollution.

Methods

To assess the potential environmental impact of ITNs in a real-world setting, a Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) survey was conducted in Djougou, a high malaria burden in Northen Benin. The survey employed a two-stage stratified random sampling approach.

Results

There is an average of 2.4 people per ITN. Half of the ITNs are less than 2 months old, indicating a recent distribution campaign. The reported ITNs used the night before the survey was 73 %. Over half of the households (52 %) reported losing at least one ITN in the past year, with an average of 2.53 nets lost per household. The most common ITN brand contains alpha-cypermethrin and chlorfenapyr insecticides. We can estimate that Djougou releases approximately 133 kg of insecticides and 57.6 tons of plastic waste annually from discarded ITNs. Extrapolations to Benin and to Sub-Saharan Africa suggest a large potential environmental impacts.

Conclusion

The study highlights a potential environmental challenge associated with large-scale ITN use – plastic and insecticide waste from discarded nets. Further research is needed to quantify the environmental impact of abandoned nets. ITNs distribution programs should be complemented by collection and potential recycling initiatives. A circular economy approach could transform waste into a resource for fuel generation.

疟疾仍然是一个重大的公共卫生威胁，特别是在脆弱人群中。几十年来，经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐一直是疟疾预防工作的基石。蚊帐明显降低了疟疾发病率和死亡率。然而，它们的广泛使用引发了人们对潜在的意外后果的担忧：环境污染。方法为了评估ITNs在现实环境中的潜在环境影响，在贝宁北部疟疾高负担地区Djougou开展了一项知识、态度和实践（KAP）调查。调查采用两阶段分层随机抽样方法。结果平均每个ITN有2.4人。一半的蚊帐使用不到两个月，这表明最近进行了一次分发活动。调查前一晚报告的itn使用率为73%。超过一半的家庭（52%）报告在过去一年中至少损失了一顶蚊帐，平均每户损失2.53顶蚊帐。最常见的ITN品牌含有高效氯氰菊酯和氯虫腈杀虫剂。我们可以估计，Djougou每年从废弃的ITNs中释放约133公斤杀虫剂和57.6吨塑料废物。对贝宁和撒哈拉以南非洲的推断表明，潜在的巨大环境影响。该研究强调了与大规模使用ITN相关的潜在环境挑战——废弃蚊帐产生的塑料和杀虫剂废物。需要进一步研究以量化废弃渔网对环境的影响。ITNs的分发计划应辅以收集和潜在的再循环倡议。循环经济方法可以将废物转化为燃料生产的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence of health problems related to marine tourism among travelers in the Andaman Coast provinces of Southern Thailand 泰国南部安达曼海岸各省游客中与海洋旅游有关的健康问题的流行情况。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102913

Vitat Tipphayawong , Pat Chantapinya , Ranida Techasuwanna , Amornphat Kitro

Background

Marine tourism is increasing in popularity in Thailand, contributing to a rise in associated medical issues. The aim of this report was to assess the prevalence and severity of marine-related health problems and associated risk factors.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted from October 2021 to September 2024 across three healthcare centers in southern Thailand.

Results

520 cases were analyzed, 57 % (n = 295) were male and 93.7 % (n = 487) were international travelers, 62.7 % (n = 326) from Europe. Common diagnoses included marine envenomation (24.0 %, n = 125), ear infection (21.7 %, n = 113), and trauma (18.7 %, n = 97). Most health incidents occurred coastal areas (46.7 %, n = 243). 29.0 % (n = 151) visited emergency department and 6.0 % (n = 31) resulted in death. Severe outcomes were associated with male gender, age over 40 years, and sea-based activities.

Conclusion

Most marine-related health issues were non-severe, specific risks varied by location, highlighting the need for location-specific preventive measures.

背景：海洋旅游在泰国越来越受欢迎，导致相关医疗问题的增加。本报告的目的是评估与海洋有关的健康问题的普遍程度和严重程度以及相关的风险因素。方法：回顾性研究于2021年10月至2024年9月在泰国南部的三个医疗中心进行。结果：520例病例中，男性占57% (n=295)，国际旅行者占93.7% (n=487)，其中欧洲旅行者占62.7% （n=326）。常见的诊断包括海洋中毒（24.0%,n=125）、耳部感染（21.7%,n=113）和外伤（18.7%,n=97）。大多数健康事故发生在沿海地区（46.7%,n = 243）。29.0% （n=151）就诊于急诊科，6.0% （n=31）死亡。严重的结果与男性、年龄超过40岁和海上活动有关。结论：大多数与海洋有关的健康问题不严重，具体风险因地点而异，强调需要采取针对地点的预防措施。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic characterization of enteric protozoan microorganisms in newly arrived migrants in Italy and correlation with the gut microbiome layout 意大利新移民肠道原生动物微生物的遗传特征及其与肠道微生物群布局的相关性

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102901

Marianna Marangi , Giorgia Palladino , Felice Valzano , Daniel Scicchitano , Silvia Turroni , Simone Rampelli , Marco Candela , Fabio Arena

The prevalence of the enteric protozoan microorganisms, its genetic characterization as well as its associated gut microbiome has been molecularly and 16S metagenomic characterized in a cohort of newly arrived migrants in Italy from African countries over the period 2022–2024. Out of 199 individuals, 92 (46.2%) were found to be carrier of protozoan microorganisms with a higher prevalence of Blastocystis sp. (15.5%), followed by Giardia duodenalis (12.6%), Dientamoeba fragilis (7.5%), Cryptosporidium parvum (6.5%), and Entamoeba histolytica (4%). Subtypes ST1, ST2 and ST3 were genetically characterized for Blastocystis sp., assemblages A and B for G. duodenalis, subtypes families IIa and IIc for C. parvum and genotype 1 for D. fragilis. High prevalence of Butyrivibrio, Lachnospiraceae UGC 10 and Paraprevotella, were identified in the protozoan non-carrier individual group. This work shed lights on the circulation of enteric protozoan microorganisms in apparently healthy migrants from African countries and the potential relationship with the host-microbiome composition. Moreover, these results give an overview of the importance of microbiological surveys among migrants and asylum seekers arriving to hosting countries in order to evaluate the reliable risk of several microorganisms introduction though migration. Ultimately, further investigation of interplays between the intestinal microbiota and protozoan microorganisms will provide new approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal infections.

在2022-2024年期间从非洲国家来到意大利的一组新移民中，对肠道原生动物微生物的流行、遗传特征及其相关肠道微生物组进行了分子和16S宏基因组特征分析。199个个体中，92个（46.2% %）携带原生动物微生物，其中囊虫（15.5% %）患病率较高，其次是十二指肠贾第虫（12.6% %）、脆弱地阿米巴（7.5% %）、细小隐孢子虫（6.5% %）和溶组织内阿米巴（4% %）。Blastocystis sp.的ST1、ST2和ST3亚型，G. duodenalis的A和B组合，C. parum的IIa和IIc亚型，D. fragilis的1基因型。在原生动物非携带者个体组中，发现丁酸弧菌、毛螺科UGC 10和Paraprevotella高发。这项工作阐明了肠道原生动物微生物在来自非洲国家的明显健康移民中的循环，以及与宿主-微生物组组成的潜在关系。此外，这些结果概述了在抵达东道国的移民和寻求庇护者中进行微生物调查的重要性，以便评估通过移民引入几种微生物的可靠风险。最终，进一步研究肠道微生物群与原生动物微生物之间的相互作用将为肠道感染的诊断和治疗提供新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Malaria in hard-to-reach populations: Challenges and solutions 难以接触人群中的疟疾：挑战和解决办法

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102906

Florence Fouque , Damiana Ravasi , Ghafar Abdul Masoudi , Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales

引用次数: 0

Cutaneous myiasis in a Serbian traveller returning from Kenya 从肯尼亚返回的塞尔维亚旅行者皮肤蝇蛆病。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102904

Stefan Momčilović , Anson V. Koehler , Robin B. Gasser

Background

Cutaneous myiasis is an ectoparasitic disease caused by fly larvae. In non-endemic regions it is rare, often unfamiliar to clinicians and readily misdiagnosed.

Case presentation

A 24-year-old Serbian traveller developed painful furuncular lesions on the thigh after returning from Kenya. The lesions were initially treated as insect bites with intramuscular corticosteroid, antihistamines and topical betamethasone–gentamicin. Spontaneous expulsion of a larva led to the recognition of myiasis.

Methods and results

Three third-instar (L3) larvae were surgically removed. Morphological features and mitochondrial cox1 sequencing identified Cordylobia anthropophaga. Genetic analysis confirmed 99 % identity with reference sequences.

Conclusion

This case highlights the challenges associated with diagnosis of furuncular myiasis in travellers. Awareness of travel history, maintenance of clinical suspicion and molecular analysis are essential for accurate diagnosis. Timely larval removal and prophylactic antibiotics minimise complications and improve outcomes.

背景：皮肤蝇蛆病是一种由蝇类幼虫引起的体外寄生虫病。在非流行地区很少见，临床医生往往不熟悉，容易误诊。病例介绍：一名24岁的塞尔维亚旅行者从肯尼亚返回后，大腿出现疼痛性疖性病变。病变最初作为昆虫叮咬治疗，肌肉注射皮质类固醇、抗组胺药和局部使用倍他米松-庆大霉素。幼虫的自发排出导致了对蝇蛆病的识别。方法与结果：手术切除3只3龄（L3）幼虫。形态特征和线粒体cox1测序鉴定了嗜人虫草。基因分析证实与参考序列同源性99%。结论：本病例强调了旅行者镰状丝虫病诊断的挑战。了解旅行史，保持临床怀疑和分子分析对准确诊断至关重要。及时清除幼虫和预防性抗生素可最大限度地减少并发症并改善结果。

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引用次数: 0

Immunisation in pregnancy – Weighing the unknown to balance benefits and risks impacting women, offspring, and development 妊娠期免疫——权衡未知因素，平衡影响妇女、后代和发育的益处和风险。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102889

Stephen Toovey MBBCh PhD , Jessica A. Hellings MBBCh, M.Med

引用次数: 0

An imported case of Haplorchis taichui infection diagnosed with molecular genomics in France. 法国输入性太水单螺旋体感染1例分子基因组学诊断。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102888

Victor Luzarraga, Maxime Moniot, Patricia Combes, Mathilde Legay, Philippe Poirier, Céline Nourrisson

Purpose: We report here on an imported case of Haplorchis taichui infection in a Western country. Given their rarity in these countries, such diagnoses of heterophyid flukes can be particularly difficult.

Methods: The stool of a 70-year-old Laotian woman with eosinophilia was sent to the laboratory for examination. Microscopic observations based on direct examination and two concentration methods were performed on the fecal sample. After extraction of DNA from the sample, Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was carried out.

Results: Ellipsoid eggs with a convex operculum and abopercular knob were observed on microscopic examination, suggestive of fluke eggs, but there was no morphological criterion to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid eggs. Results of ITS2 and cox1 sequencing matched the intestinal fluke Haplorchis taichui.

Conclusion: This case report points out that small trematode eggs can hardly be used to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid flukes in fecal examinations, and underlines the need for molecular genomic studies to establish an accurate species diagnosis.

目的：报告一例输入性太水单螺旋体感染病例。鉴于在这些国家的稀缺性，这种异种吸虫的诊断可能特别困难。方法：对一名70岁老挝妇女嗜酸性粒细胞增多症患者的粪便进行实验室检查。在直接检查和两种浓缩方法的基础上对粪便样品进行了显微镜观察。提取样品DNA后，对其内部转录间隔物2 （ITS2）区和线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1 （cox1）基因进行Sanger测序。结果：镜检发现卵呈椭球状，卵盖呈凸状，卵盖上有旋钮，提示吸虫卵，但没有形态学上的区分标准。结果显示ITS2和cox1序列与肠道吸虫太水单螺旋体相匹配。结论：本病例报告指出，在粪便检查中，小吸虫卵难以区分嗜虫吸虫和异虫吸虫，需要进行分子基因组研究以建立准确的种类诊断。

{"title":"An imported case of Haplorchis taichui infection diagnosed with molecular genomics in France.","authors":"Victor Luzarraga, Maxime Moniot, Patricia Combes, Mathilde Legay, Philippe Poirier, Céline Nourrisson","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We report here on an imported case of Haplorchis taichui infection in a Western country. Given their rarity in these countries, such diagnoses of heterophyid flukes can be particularly difficult.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The stool of a 70-year-old Laotian woman with eosinophilia was sent to the laboratory for examination. Microscopic observations based on direct examination and two concentration methods were performed on the fecal sample. After extraction of DNA from the sample, Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ellipsoid eggs with a convex operculum and abopercular knob were observed on microscopic examination, suggestive of fluke eggs, but there was no morphological criterion to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid eggs. Results of ITS2 and cox1 sequencing matched the intestinal fluke Haplorchis taichui.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report points out that small trematode eggs can hardly be used to distinguish between opisthorchiid and heterophyid flukes in fecal examinations, and underlines the need for molecular genomic studies to establish an accurate species diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"102888"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First trial of recycling used insecticide treated nets by pyrolysis for safer environment: The RINSE project 首次通过热解法回收经杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐，使环境更安全的试验：RINSE项目

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102835

Guillaume Carnevale , Sinclair Andrew , Florence Fouque , Pierre Carnevale

Background

Thanks to the large-scale distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs), several hundreds of millions of cases, and malaria related mortality, were averted these last decades.

However, disposing of the used, and discarded nets, made of non-biodegradable plastics, and impregnated with insecticides, and usually burned or buried, raises significant, physical and chemical, environmental and health concerns. This study explores the first application of pyrolysis to recycle, and repurpose, discarded LLINs, with tests conducted in Lombok, Indonesia.

Method

Pyrolysis was tested on Royal Sentry® LLINs, made from polyethylene and impregnated with alpha-cypermethrin. A special equipment was prepared to make this pyrolysis, following the same protocol as the one currently used for treating plastic waste at large-scale in the factory Geo Trash Management (Lombok).

Results

The pyrolysis yielded 81.3 % high-quality oil, 5.65 % oil residue, and 5 % carbon residue. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified 36 hydrocarbons, 7 alcohols, and 1 acid, without harmful chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Unexpectedly, the nets contained Nonacosane, a mosquito attractant, and Citronellol, a natural repellent, raising questions about their effects on mosquito behaviour.

Conclusions

Polyethylene LLINs are suitable for pyrolysis, offering an innovative solution to the environmental impact of discarded nets. The Recycling used Insecticide-Treated Nets for Safer Environment (RINSE) project plans to transfer this technology to malaria-endemic countries, establishing recycling structures and promoting sustainability. This approach supports global efforts to combat plastic pollution, create a circular economy, and sustainably manage LLIN disposal. Further research is recommended to explore the behavioural implications of detected compounds.

背景：在过去几十年里，由于大规模分发了长效驱虫蚊帐，避免了数亿病例和与疟疾有关的死亡。然而，处理用过的和丢弃的蚊帐（由不可生物降解的塑料制成，浸渍了杀虫剂，通常焚烧或掩埋）会引起重大的物理和化学、环境和健康问题。本研究首次探讨了热解在回收和再利用废弃LLINs中的应用，并在印度尼西亚龙目岛进行了试验。方法以聚乙烯为原料，经高效氯氰菊酯浸渍后，对Royal Sentry®LLINs进行热解实验。准备了一种特殊的设备来进行这种热解，遵循与目前在Geo Trash Management （Lombok）工厂大规模处理塑料废物相同的协议。结果热解所得优质油81.3%，残油5.65%，残炭5%。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析鉴定出36种碳氢化合物、7种醇和1种酸，未发现多氯联苯（pcb）等有害化学物质。出乎意料的是，这些蚊帐含有一种蚊子引诱剂壬烷和一种天然驱蚊剂香茅醇，这引发了人们对它们对蚊子行为影响的质疑。结论聚乙烯LLINs适合用于热解，为解决废弃渔网对环境的影响提供了一种创新的解决方案。“回收用过的驱虫蚊帐促进更安全环境”项目计划将这项技术转让给疟疾流行国家，建立回收结构并促进可持续性。这种方法支持全球打击塑料污染、创造循环经济和可持续管理垃圾处理的努力。建议进一步研究以探索检测到的化合物的行为含义。

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引用次数: 0

Extended Lake Louise Score: a novel standard evaluation of cognitive impairment for immigrants' rapid ascent to high altitude 扩展路易斯湖得分：移民快速上升到高海拔认知障碍的新标准评估。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2025.102907

Tao Xu , Wen Li , Chun-Yan Zhang , Bo Dong , Tao Luo , Jian-Guo Huang , Jin-Long Shi , Jun Tang , Shi-Jun Li

Objective

To extend the Lake Louise Scoring (LLS) system to better assess cognitive impairment, and investigate the early changes of hematological indicators for subjects of rapid ascent to high altitude.

Methods

One hundred and eighty-nine subjects underwent routine hematology, urine and psychological examination at the altitude of 1500 m in February, and did that again after they had ascended to 3860 m in 2 days. Subjects were evaluated with eLLS using a combination of self-reported cognitive assessment and a diagnosis of AMS based on 4-item Lake Louise Score (LLS) of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS). Next year, a follow-up validation was conducted in the same area.

Results

Sixty-eight subjects were diagnosed AMS with LLS and 92 subjects met the diagnostic criteria of eLLS among 189 subjects. The difference in hematological indicators calculated by the eLLS criteria was more significant than that calculated by the LLS criteria, which including red blood cells (P < 0.01), white blood cells (P < 0.05), hemoglobin (P < 0.01), platelets (P < 0.01) and neutrophils (P < 0.01). The eLLS identified additional risk factors comparing with LLS, which included higher white blood cells (OR 1.660, 95 % CI 1.032–2.670, P < 0.05), neutrophils (OR 1.312, 95 % CI 1.002–1.718, P < 0.05). Follow-up results showed that there were more significant differences in psychological scale scores between the groups identified using the eLLS criteria. (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

We proposed eLLS standard for individuals rapidly ascending to high altitude, which is more sensitive to hematological changes and can better reflect the cognitive mental state than the LLS.

目的：扩展路易斯湖评分（LLS）系统，以更好地评估认知功能障碍，并探讨快速上升高原受试者早期血液学指标的变化。方法：189名受试者于2月在海拔1500米处进行常规血液学、尿检和心理检查，并于2天后升到海拔3860米后再次进行血液学、尿检和心理检查。采用eLLS对受试者进行评估，采用自我报告的认知评估和基于急性高原病（AMS） 4项Lake Louise评分（LLS）的AMS诊断。明年，在同一地区进行了后续验证。结果：189例患者中，68例确诊为AMS合并eLLS， 92例符合eLLS诊断标准。eLLS标准计算的血液学指标比LLS标准计算的血液学指标差异更显著，其中包括红细胞(p)结论：我们提出的eLLS标准适用于快速上升的高海拔个体，对血液学变化更敏感，比LLS更能反映认知精神状态。

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引用次数: 0

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IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1477-8939(25)00121-8

引用次数: 0

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