Parisa Sharafi, F. S. Gokdemir, Mesut Akyol, Yasemin Ardicoglu-Akisin, J. Sedef Gocmen, Aysegul Taylan-Ozkan
All countries have been deeply affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both economically and in situations that strain health systems, such as workforce and workload. Therefore, various measures should be taken to control the disease and prevent its spread. Since the disease onset, real-time PCR tests have been used as the gold standard for disease diagnosis. Owing to the rapid progress of the pandemic and the spread of the disease, validation, consistency, and optimization tests of some commercial kits have been conducted directly in the field. Therefore, it is important to compare the results of these kits and improve the existing ones. We compared five kits (Bioexen, Polgen, Coronex, Diagen, and Anatolia) donated to the TOBB Economics and Technology University Hospital PCR laboratory with the KrosGen kit to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. A total of 244 samples were selected and analyzed using five different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 PCR detection kits. Positive and negative results from the six kits were compared using the working protocols of the kits, primers, and cycle threshold (Ct) values. Five of the six kits have reliable compatibility for Ct<30 but decreases for Ct≥30. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the performance of these kits for reduced viral loads. Using a suitable kit with high compatibility for Ct≥30 is important for detecting patients with a low viral load and helping prevent disease spread.
{"title":"Comparison of efficacy and reliability of six commercial COVID-19 diagnostic PCR kits","authors":"Parisa Sharafi, F. S. Gokdemir, Mesut Akyol, Yasemin Ardicoglu-Akisin, J. Sedef Gocmen, Aysegul Taylan-Ozkan","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0075","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 All countries have been deeply affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both economically and in situations that strain health systems, such as workforce and workload. Therefore, various measures should be taken to control the disease and prevent its spread. Since the disease onset, real-time PCR tests have been used as the gold standard for disease diagnosis. Owing to the rapid progress of the pandemic and the spread of the disease, validation, consistency, and optimization tests of some commercial kits have been conducted directly in the field. Therefore, it is important to compare the results of these kits and improve the existing ones.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We compared five kits (Bioexen, Polgen, Coronex, Diagen, and Anatolia) donated to the TOBB Economics and Technology University Hospital PCR laboratory with the KrosGen kit to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. A total of 244 samples were selected and analyzed using five different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 PCR detection kits.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Positive and negative results from the six kits were compared using the working protocols of the kits, primers, and cycle threshold (Ct) values. Five of the six kits have reliable compatibility for Ct<30 but decreases for Ct≥30. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the performance of these kits for reduced viral loads.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Using a suitable kit with high compatibility for Ct≥30 is important for detecting patients with a low viral load and helping prevent disease spread.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Yavuzcan, Betül Keyif, Gizem Yavuzcan, Gökhan Göynümer
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the Triglyceride Glucose (TyG), Triglyceride Glucose–Body Mass (TyG-BMI), and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) indices for both screening Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and diagnosing insulin resistance (IR) in women diagnosed with PCOS. Retrospective data from medical records of 124 women were analyzed, with 71 in the PCOS group and 53 in the non-PCOS group. The PCOS diagnosis followed the 2003 Rotterdam criteria. Basic clinical and biochemical parameters were compared. The TyG index was computed using the formula ln [Triglyceride (TG) (mmol/L) × fasting plasma glukose (FPG) (mg/dL)/2]. TyG-BMI value was derived as TyG × BMI. LAP was calculated as (waist circumference (WC-58) × TG (mmol/L). IR was identified if Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was >2.7. TyG-BMI (AUC=0.62) and LAP indices (AUC=0.61) did not demonstrate statistically significant diagnostic performance for PCOS. Regarding IR in PCOS patients, the highest AUC was for TyG-BMI (0.84, 95 % CI: 0.73–0.93, p<0.001) with a cutoff at 116.15, showing 80 % sensitivity and 86 % specificity. LAP had an AUC of 0.86 with a cutoff of 30.21 (sensitivity 80 %, specificity 81 %), while TyG showed an AUC of 0.78 (95 % CI: 0.67–0.89, p<0.001) with a cutoff of 4.47, demonstrating a sensitivity of 70 % and specificity of 72 %. Numerous biochemical markers have been explored for PCOS detection, however, many are expensive, not universally available, and necessitate specific test kits. TyG, TyG-BMI, and LAP indices might not serve as reliable markers for PCOS screening but could offer utility in identifying IR in Turkish women diagnosed with PCOS.
{"title":"Can triglyceride related indices be reliable markers in the assessment of polycystic ovarian syndrome?","authors":"Ali Yavuzcan, Betül Keyif, Gizem Yavuzcan, Gökhan Göynümer","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0215","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the Triglyceride Glucose (TyG), Triglyceride Glucose–Body Mass (TyG-BMI), and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) indices for both screening Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and diagnosing insulin resistance (IR) in women diagnosed with PCOS.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Retrospective data from medical records of 124 women were analyzed, with 71 in the PCOS group and 53 in the non-PCOS group. The PCOS diagnosis followed the 2003 Rotterdam criteria. Basic clinical and biochemical parameters were compared. The TyG index was computed using the formula ln [Triglyceride (TG) (mmol/L) × fasting plasma glukose (FPG) (mg/dL)/2]. TyG-BMI value was derived as TyG × BMI. LAP was calculated as (waist circumference (WC-58) × TG (mmol/L). IR was identified if Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was >2.7.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 TyG-BMI (AUC=0.62) and LAP indices (AUC=0.61) did not demonstrate statistically significant diagnostic performance for PCOS. Regarding IR in PCOS patients, the highest AUC was for TyG-BMI (0.84, 95 % CI: 0.73–0.93, p<0.001) with a cutoff at 116.15, showing 80 % sensitivity and 86 % specificity. LAP had an AUC of 0.86 with a cutoff of 30.21 (sensitivity 80 %, specificity 81 %), while TyG showed an AUC of 0.78 (95 % CI: 0.67–0.89, p<0.001) with a cutoff of 4.47, demonstrating a sensitivity of 70 % and specificity of 72 %.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Numerous biochemical markers have been explored for PCOS detection, however, many are expensive, not universally available, and necessitate specific test kits. TyG, TyG-BMI, and LAP indices might not serve as reliable markers for PCOS screening but could offer utility in identifying IR in Turkish women diagnosed with PCOS.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"27 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurgul Ozcan, Murat Caglayan, Ali Yalcindag, Oguzhan Ozcan
We aimed to investigate the lymphocyte subsets and monocytes by flow cytometry and the correlations between their HLA-DR expressions and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19. The study included 49 patients with COVID-19 and 42 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken into EDTA tubes. WBC counts were analyzed by the Sysmex/XN-1000i device, and lymphocyte subsets and monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on cells and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) values were recorded to detect activation. Lymphocyte counts were calculated using the dual-platform method. Correlations between antigen expression and ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer levels were analyzed. The patient group had lower WBC and lymphocyte counts but significantly higher monocyte counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios compared to controls (p=0.009, p=0.045, respectively). The patient group had significantly lower T lymphocyte counts (p=0.008). B lymphocyte counts and percentages were lower (p<0.001, p=0.004) in the patient group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of NK cells. T helper and T cytotoxic lymphocyte counts were significantly lower, but there was no change in CD4/CD8 ratios. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes, HLA-DR MFI values of T cytotoxic cells, and HLA-DR MFI values of CD16+ monocytes were significantly increased in the patient group (p=0.001, p=0.004, p<0.001, respectively). CRP was positively correlated with HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes (r=0.501, p<0.001). HLA-DR MFI values may be an important marker for demonstrating the function of both T cytotoxic cells and CD16+ monocytes in COVID-19.
我们的目的是通过流式细胞术研究 COVID-19 患者的淋巴细胞亚群和单核细胞及其 HLA-DR 表达与炎症标志物之间的相关性。 研究对象包括 49 名 COVID-19 患者和 42 名健康对照者。血液样本用 EDTA 管采集。白细胞计数由 Sysmex/XN-1000i 设备分析，淋巴细胞亚群和单核细胞由流式细胞仪分析。记录细胞上 HLA-DR 表达的百分比和中位荧光强度 (MFI) 值，以检测活化情况。淋巴细胞计数采用双平台法计算。分析了抗原表达与铁蛋白、CRP 和 D-二聚体水平之间的相关性。 与对照组相比，患者组的白细胞和淋巴细胞计数较低，但单核细胞计数和中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比率明显较高（分别为 p=0.009 和 p=0.045）。患者组的 T 淋巴细胞计数明显较低（p=0.008）。患者组的 B 淋巴细胞计数和百分比均较低（p<0.001，p=0.004）。就 NK 细胞而言，两组之间没有明显差异。T 辅助淋巴细胞和 T 细胞毒性淋巴细胞计数明显降低，但 CD4/CD8 比率没有变化。患者组 T 淋巴细胞的 HLA-DR 表达百分比、T 细胞毒性细胞的 HLA-DR MFI 值和 CD16+ 单核细胞的 HLA-DR MFI 值均显著增加（分别为 p=0.001、p=0.004、p<0.001）。CRP 与 T 淋巴细胞上的 HLA-DR 表达呈正相关（r=0.501，p<0.001）。 HLA-DR MFI 值可能是显示 COVID-19 中 T 细胞毒性细胞和 CD16+ 单核细胞功能的重要标志。
{"title":"Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subsets, monocytes, and HLA-DR expressions on these cells in patients with COVID-19","authors":"Nurgul Ozcan, Murat Caglayan, Ali Yalcindag, Oguzhan Ozcan","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0096","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We aimed to investigate the lymphocyte subsets and monocytes by flow cytometry and the correlations between their HLA-DR expressions and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study included 49 patients with COVID-19 and 42 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken into EDTA tubes. WBC counts were analyzed by the Sysmex/XN-1000i device, and lymphocyte subsets and monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on cells and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) values were recorded to detect activation. Lymphocyte counts were calculated using the dual-platform method. Correlations between antigen expression and ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer levels were analyzed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The patient group had lower WBC and lymphocyte counts but significantly higher monocyte counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios compared to controls (p=0.009, p=0.045, respectively). The patient group had significantly lower T lymphocyte counts (p=0.008). B lymphocyte counts and percentages were lower (p<0.001, p=0.004) in the patient group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of NK cells. T helper and T cytotoxic lymphocyte counts were significantly lower, but there was no change in CD4/CD8 ratios. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes, HLA-DR MFI values of T cytotoxic cells, and HLA-DR MFI values of CD16+ monocytes were significantly increased in the patient group (p=0.001, p=0.004, p<0.001, respectively). CRP was positively correlated with HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes (r=0.501, p<0.001).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 HLA-DR MFI values may be an important marker for demonstrating the function of both T cytotoxic cells and CD16+ monocytes in COVID-19.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"53 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139778039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Ucal, M. Serdar, H. Karpuzoğlu, Neval Yurttutan Uyar, M. Kilercik, Mustafa Serteser, A. Ozpinar
To evaluate the thyroid hormone levels and infection markers in COVID-19 patients and compare them to those in non-COVID-19 patients with infection in a large retrospective dataset. In this study, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormones (free T3 and free T4), and several infection markers were reviewed. The study group was divided into three groups that had no thyroid-related disorders: control patients (Group 0; n=7,981), COVID-19 patients (Group 1; n=222), and non-COVID-19 patients with infection (Group 2; n=477). The data were assessed for correlation and group comparisons. There was a reduction in median (25th–75th percentile) fT3 levels in COVID-19 patients 4.17 pmol/L (3.46–4.85) compared to non-COVID-19 patients with infection 4.65 pmol/L (4.12–5.15), p<0.0001. We detected a negative correlation between fT3 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in Group 1 (r=−0.534) and Group 2 (r=−0.346) (p<0.0001), indicating a relatively stronger link between fT3 and NLR in COVID-19 patients than non-COVID-19 patients with infection. Additionally, the fT3 levels remained significantly different between study groups when the model was adjusted for age, gender, and infection markers. COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 infections are associated with low fT3 levels, which likely represent the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis from non-thyroidal illness syndrome.
{"title":"Does COVID-19 affect thyroid more than non-COVID-19 infections? A retrospective study","authors":"Y. Ucal, M. Serdar, H. Karpuzoğlu, Neval Yurttutan Uyar, M. Kilercik, Mustafa Serteser, A. Ozpinar","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0113","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the thyroid hormone levels and infection markers in COVID-19 patients and compare them to those in non-COVID-19 patients with infection in a large retrospective dataset.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In this study, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormones (free T3 and free T4), and several infection markers were reviewed. The study group was divided into three groups that had no thyroid-related disorders: control patients (Group 0; n=7,981), COVID-19 patients (Group 1; n=222), and non-COVID-19 patients with infection (Group 2; n=477). The data were assessed for correlation and group comparisons.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There was a reduction in median (25th–75th percentile) fT3 levels in COVID-19 patients 4.17 pmol/L (3.46–4.85) compared to non-COVID-19 patients with infection 4.65 pmol/L (4.12–5.15), p<0.0001. We detected a negative correlation between fT3 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in Group 1 (r=−0.534) and Group 2 (r=−0.346) (p<0.0001), indicating a relatively stronger link between fT3 and NLR in COVID-19 patients than non-COVID-19 patients with infection. Additionally, the fT3 levels remained significantly different between study groups when the model was adjusted for age, gender, and infection markers.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 infections are associated with low fT3 levels, which likely represent the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis from non-thyroidal illness syndrome.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139777194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurgul Ozcan, Murat Caglayan, Ali Yalcindag, Oguzhan Ozcan
We aimed to investigate the lymphocyte subsets and monocytes by flow cytometry and the correlations between their HLA-DR expressions and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19. The study included 49 patients with COVID-19 and 42 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken into EDTA tubes. WBC counts were analyzed by the Sysmex/XN-1000i device, and lymphocyte subsets and monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on cells and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) values were recorded to detect activation. Lymphocyte counts were calculated using the dual-platform method. Correlations between antigen expression and ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer levels were analyzed. The patient group had lower WBC and lymphocyte counts but significantly higher monocyte counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios compared to controls (p=0.009, p=0.045, respectively). The patient group had significantly lower T lymphocyte counts (p=0.008). B lymphocyte counts and percentages were lower (p<0.001, p=0.004) in the patient group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of NK cells. T helper and T cytotoxic lymphocyte counts were significantly lower, but there was no change in CD4/CD8 ratios. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes, HLA-DR MFI values of T cytotoxic cells, and HLA-DR MFI values of CD16+ monocytes were significantly increased in the patient group (p=0.001, p=0.004, p<0.001, respectively). CRP was positively correlated with HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes (r=0.501, p<0.001). HLA-DR MFI values may be an important marker for demonstrating the function of both T cytotoxic cells and CD16+ monocytes in COVID-19.
我们的目的是通过流式细胞术研究 COVID-19 患者的淋巴细胞亚群和单核细胞及其 HLA-DR 表达与炎症标志物之间的相关性。 研究对象包括 49 名 COVID-19 患者和 42 名健康对照者。血液样本用 EDTA 管采集。白细胞计数由 Sysmex/XN-1000i 设备分析，淋巴细胞亚群和单核细胞由流式细胞仪分析。记录细胞上 HLA-DR 表达的百分比和中位荧光强度 (MFI) 值，以检测活化情况。淋巴细胞计数采用双平台法计算。分析了抗原表达与铁蛋白、CRP 和 D-二聚体水平之间的相关性。 与对照组相比，患者组的白细胞和淋巴细胞计数较低，但单核细胞计数和中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比率明显较高（分别为 p=0.009 和 p=0.045）。患者组的 T 淋巴细胞计数明显较低（p=0.008）。患者组的 B 淋巴细胞计数和百分比均较低（p<0.001，p=0.004）。就 NK 细胞而言，两组之间没有明显差异。T 辅助淋巴细胞和 T 细胞毒性淋巴细胞计数明显降低，但 CD4/CD8 比率没有变化。患者组 T 淋巴细胞的 HLA-DR 表达百分比、T 细胞毒性细胞的 HLA-DR MFI 值和 CD16+ 单核细胞的 HLA-DR MFI 值均显著增加（分别为 p=0.001、p=0.004、p<0.001）。CRP 与 T 淋巴细胞上的 HLA-DR 表达呈正相关（r=0.501，p<0.001）。 HLA-DR MFI 值可能是显示 COVID-19 中 T 细胞毒性细胞和 CD16+ 单核细胞功能的重要标志。
{"title":"Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subsets, monocytes, and HLA-DR expressions on these cells in patients with COVID-19","authors":"Nurgul Ozcan, Murat Caglayan, Ali Yalcindag, Oguzhan Ozcan","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0096","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We aimed to investigate the lymphocyte subsets and monocytes by flow cytometry and the correlations between their HLA-DR expressions and inflammatory markers in patients with COVID-19.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study included 49 patients with COVID-19 and 42 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken into EDTA tubes. WBC counts were analyzed by the Sysmex/XN-1000i device, and lymphocyte subsets and monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on cells and median fluorescence intensity (MFI) values were recorded to detect activation. Lymphocyte counts were calculated using the dual-platform method. Correlations between antigen expression and ferritin, CRP, and D-dimer levels were analyzed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The patient group had lower WBC and lymphocyte counts but significantly higher monocyte counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios compared to controls (p=0.009, p=0.045, respectively). The patient group had significantly lower T lymphocyte counts (p=0.008). B lymphocyte counts and percentages were lower (p<0.001, p=0.004) in the patient group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of NK cells. T helper and T cytotoxic lymphocyte counts were significantly lower, but there was no change in CD4/CD8 ratios. The percentage of HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes, HLA-DR MFI values of T cytotoxic cells, and HLA-DR MFI values of CD16+ monocytes were significantly increased in the patient group (p=0.001, p=0.004, p<0.001, respectively). CRP was positively correlated with HLA-DR expression on T lymphocytes (r=0.501, p<0.001).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 HLA-DR MFI values may be an important marker for demonstrating the function of both T cytotoxic cells and CD16+ monocytes in COVID-19.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"37 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139837601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Ucal, M. Serdar, H. Karpuzoğlu, Neval Yurttutan Uyar, M. Kilercik, Mustafa Serteser, A. Ozpinar
To evaluate the thyroid hormone levels and infection markers in COVID-19 patients and compare them to those in non-COVID-19 patients with infection in a large retrospective dataset. In this study, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormones (free T3 and free T4), and several infection markers were reviewed. The study group was divided into three groups that had no thyroid-related disorders: control patients (Group 0; n=7,981), COVID-19 patients (Group 1; n=222), and non-COVID-19 patients with infection (Group 2; n=477). The data were assessed for correlation and group comparisons. There was a reduction in median (25th–75th percentile) fT3 levels in COVID-19 patients 4.17 pmol/L (3.46–4.85) compared to non-COVID-19 patients with infection 4.65 pmol/L (4.12–5.15), p<0.0001. We detected a negative correlation between fT3 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in Group 1 (r=−0.534) and Group 2 (r=−0.346) (p<0.0001), indicating a relatively stronger link between fT3 and NLR in COVID-19 patients than non-COVID-19 patients with infection. Additionally, the fT3 levels remained significantly different between study groups when the model was adjusted for age, gender, and infection markers. COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 infections are associated with low fT3 levels, which likely represent the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis from non-thyroidal illness syndrome.
{"title":"Does COVID-19 affect thyroid more than non-COVID-19 infections? A retrospective study","authors":"Y. Ucal, M. Serdar, H. Karpuzoğlu, Neval Yurttutan Uyar, M. Kilercik, Mustafa Serteser, A. Ozpinar","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0113","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the thyroid hormone levels and infection markers in COVID-19 patients and compare them to those in non-COVID-19 patients with infection in a large retrospective dataset.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In this study, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid hormones (free T3 and free T4), and several infection markers were reviewed. The study group was divided into three groups that had no thyroid-related disorders: control patients (Group 0; n=7,981), COVID-19 patients (Group 1; n=222), and non-COVID-19 patients with infection (Group 2; n=477). The data were assessed for correlation and group comparisons.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There was a reduction in median (25th–75th percentile) fT3 levels in COVID-19 patients 4.17 pmol/L (3.46–4.85) compared to non-COVID-19 patients with infection 4.65 pmol/L (4.12–5.15), p<0.0001. We detected a negative correlation between fT3 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in Group 1 (r=−0.534) and Group 2 (r=−0.346) (p<0.0001), indicating a relatively stronger link between fT3 and NLR in COVID-19 patients than non-COVID-19 patients with infection. Additionally, the fT3 levels remained significantly different between study groups when the model was adjusted for age, gender, and infection markers.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 infections are associated with low fT3 levels, which likely represent the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis from non-thyroidal illness syndrome.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139837008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a unique protein having enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions that have been implicated in various biological and pathological processes such as cell survival and apoptosis, cell signaling, differentiation, adhesion and migration, wound healing and inflammation. As reported in previous studies, TG2 expression and activity increase by age suggesting that TG2 possibly has roles in cellular aging process. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of TG2 in chronological skin aging through its impact on the expression of some important extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. We have compared TG2 expression and activity in young and in vitro chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts via Western blot and in situ TG2 activity assays. Afterwards, we inhibited TG2 expression via siRNA transfection and activity via active site inhibitor of TG2 separately in aged dermal fibroblasts and monitored the expression levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in these cells by Western blot and compared to that of untreated control cells. We obtained evidence that both TG2 expression and activity increase in aged cells. However, protein levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 do not exhibit any significant difference in TG2 downregulated or TG2 activity inhibited aged cells compared to control cells. Our results indicate that changes in the expression and activity of TG2 in (in vitro) chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts do not impact the expression patterns of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 proteins.
{"title":"Identification of the role of TG2 on the expression of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in aged skin","authors":"Elvan Ergülen, Gül Akdoğan Güner","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0235","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a unique protein having enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions that have been implicated in various biological and pathological processes such as cell survival and apoptosis, cell signaling, differentiation, adhesion and migration, wound healing and inflammation. As reported in previous studies, TG2 expression and activity increase by age suggesting that TG2 possibly has roles in cellular aging process. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of TG2 in chronological skin aging through its impact on the expression of some important extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We have compared TG2 expression and activity in young and in vitro chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts via Western blot and in situ TG2 activity assays. Afterwards, we inhibited TG2 expression via siRNA transfection and activity via active site inhibitor of TG2 separately in aged dermal fibroblasts and monitored the expression levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in these cells by Western blot and compared to that of untreated control cells.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We obtained evidence that both TG2 expression and activity increase in aged cells. However, protein levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 do not exhibit any significant difference in TG2 downregulated or TG2 activity inhibited aged cells compared to control cells.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our results indicate that changes in the expression and activity of TG2 in (in vitro) chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts do not impact the expression patterns of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 proteins.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139844729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a unique protein having enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions that have been implicated in various biological and pathological processes such as cell survival and apoptosis, cell signaling, differentiation, adhesion and migration, wound healing and inflammation. As reported in previous studies, TG2 expression and activity increase by age suggesting that TG2 possibly has roles in cellular aging process. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of TG2 in chronological skin aging through its impact on the expression of some important extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. We have compared TG2 expression and activity in young and in vitro chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts via Western blot and in situ TG2 activity assays. Afterwards, we inhibited TG2 expression via siRNA transfection and activity via active site inhibitor of TG2 separately in aged dermal fibroblasts and monitored the expression levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in these cells by Western blot and compared to that of untreated control cells. We obtained evidence that both TG2 expression and activity increase in aged cells. However, protein levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 do not exhibit any significant difference in TG2 downregulated or TG2 activity inhibited aged cells compared to control cells. Our results indicate that changes in the expression and activity of TG2 in (in vitro) chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts do not impact the expression patterns of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 proteins.
{"title":"Identification of the role of TG2 on the expression of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in aged skin","authors":"Elvan Ergülen, Gül Akdoğan Güner","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0235","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a unique protein having enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions that have been implicated in various biological and pathological processes such as cell survival and apoptosis, cell signaling, differentiation, adhesion and migration, wound healing and inflammation. As reported in previous studies, TG2 expression and activity increase by age suggesting that TG2 possibly has roles in cellular aging process. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of TG2 in chronological skin aging through its impact on the expression of some important extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We have compared TG2 expression and activity in young and in vitro chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts via Western blot and in situ TG2 activity assays. Afterwards, we inhibited TG2 expression via siRNA transfection and activity via active site inhibitor of TG2 separately in aged dermal fibroblasts and monitored the expression levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in these cells by Western blot and compared to that of untreated control cells.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We obtained evidence that both TG2 expression and activity increase in aged cells. However, protein levels of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 do not exhibit any significant difference in TG2 downregulated or TG2 activity inhibited aged cells compared to control cells.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our results indicate that changes in the expression and activity of TG2 in (in vitro) chronologically aged human dermal fibroblasts do not impact the expression patterns of TGF-β, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 proteins.\u0000","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"61 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139784714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. S. Erdem, Hüseyin Tezcan, Hasan Basri Yıldırım, Zafer Büyükterzi
Abstract Objectives The Coronary Slow Flow (CSF) phenomenon remains a clinical enigma, characterized by delayed opacification of coronary vessels despite angiographically normal or nearly normal arteries. This cross-sectional study explores the potential relationship between reticulated platelets (RPs) and CSF in stable coronary artery disease patients. Methods A total of 200 participants, meeting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, underwent coronary angiography. Reticulated platelet levels were measured using Sysmex series hematology analyzers. Demographic data, laboratory parameters, and coronary flow velocities were assessed. Results The study comprised 100 individuals with CSF and 100 with normal coronary anatomy. The CSF group exhibited higher rates of diabetes (35 vs. 22 %, p=0.017) and smoking (62 vs. 45 %, p=0.021). Reticulated platelet rates were elevated in the CSF group. However, statistical significance was not reached (p=0.105). Conclusions This study provides insights into the interplay between reticulated platelets and the CSF phenomenon in stable coronary artery disease. Although reticulated platelet levels did not emerge as a major predictor for CSF in this stable phase, the findings contribute to ongoing efforts to understand the multifaceted mechanisms underlying CSF.
{"title":"Reticulated platelets and coronary slow flow: a study in stable coronary artery disease","authors":"S. S. Erdem, Hüseyin Tezcan, Hasan Basri Yıldırım, Zafer Büyükterzi","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0265","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The Coronary Slow Flow (CSF) phenomenon remains a clinical enigma, characterized by delayed opacification of coronary vessels despite angiographically normal or nearly normal arteries. This cross-sectional study explores the potential relationship between reticulated platelets (RPs) and CSF in stable coronary artery disease patients. Methods A total of 200 participants, meeting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, underwent coronary angiography. Reticulated platelet levels were measured using Sysmex series hematology analyzers. Demographic data, laboratory parameters, and coronary flow velocities were assessed. Results The study comprised 100 individuals with CSF and 100 with normal coronary anatomy. The CSF group exhibited higher rates of diabetes (35 vs. 22 %, p=0.017) and smoking (62 vs. 45 %, p=0.021). Reticulated platelet rates were elevated in the CSF group. However, statistical significance was not reached (p=0.105). Conclusions This study provides insights into the interplay between reticulated platelets and the CSF phenomenon in stable coronary artery disease. Although reticulated platelet levels did not emerge as a major predictor for CSF in this stable phase, the findings contribute to ongoing efforts to understand the multifaceted mechanisms underlying CSF.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139526618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cem Yalaza, Şerife Efsun Antmen, N. Canacankatan, F. Tuncel, Hakan Aytan, S. Erden Ertürk
Abstract Objectives Adenomyosis is a benign uterine disease that occurs with the invasion of the endometrial gland and stoma into the myometrium. The etiology and molecular pathology of adenomyosis are not yet fully understood. Tissue samples of patients diagnosed with adenomyosis and healthy endometrial tissues were investigated for the lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis pathways. It was aimed to determine the difference between adenomyosis and healthy endometrial tissues in terms of lipid metabolism and to investigate the mechanism of adenomyosis in this context. Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival tissues were used in the current retrospective study. A total of 76 patient samples and 3 groups were used. Group 1: adenomyotic tissue (n=28), Group 2: eutopic endometrial tissue (n=30), and Control Group (n=18). In these groups, Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) molecule, fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA), ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), and HMG-CoA synthase (HMGCS) markers were evaluated by using RT-PCR method. Results Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the groups regarding expression levels of HMGCR, HMGCS, ACLY, ACACA, and SREBP1. HMGCR, HMGCS, ACLY, and SREBP1 gene expression levels between Group 1 and Group 2 and HMGCS, ACACA, ACLY, and SREBP1 gene expression levels between Group 1 and Control Group were determined as statistically different. A significant difference was detected only in HMGCR gene expression levels between Group 2 and the Control Group. Conclusions These results show that genes involved in lipid metabolism may be associated with the molecular pathogenesis of adenomyosis.
{"title":"Expression levels of genes involved in lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis in adenomyosis","authors":"Cem Yalaza, Şerife Efsun Antmen, N. Canacankatan, F. Tuncel, Hakan Aytan, S. Erden Ertürk","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0182","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Adenomyosis is a benign uterine disease that occurs with the invasion of the endometrial gland and stoma into the myometrium. The etiology and molecular pathology of adenomyosis are not yet fully understood. Tissue samples of patients diagnosed with adenomyosis and healthy endometrial tissues were investigated for the lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis pathways. It was aimed to determine the difference between adenomyosis and healthy endometrial tissues in terms of lipid metabolism and to investigate the mechanism of adenomyosis in this context. Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival tissues were used in the current retrospective study. A total of 76 patient samples and 3 groups were used. Group 1: adenomyotic tissue (n=28), Group 2: eutopic endometrial tissue (n=30), and Control Group (n=18). In these groups, Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) molecule, fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA), ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), and HMG-CoA synthase (HMGCS) markers were evaluated by using RT-PCR method. Results Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the groups regarding expression levels of HMGCR, HMGCS, ACLY, ACACA, and SREBP1. HMGCR, HMGCS, ACLY, and SREBP1 gene expression levels between Group 1 and Group 2 and HMGCS, ACACA, ACLY, and SREBP1 gene expression levels between Group 1 and Control Group were determined as statistically different. A significant difference was detected only in HMGCR gene expression levels between Group 2 and the Control Group. Conclusions These results show that genes involved in lipid metabolism may be associated with the molecular pathogenesis of adenomyosis.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"70 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139128226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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