N. S. Yılmaz, Bayram Şen, Burak Arslan, Tuba Saadet Deveci Bulut, B. Narlı, N. Afandiyeva, Gülce Koca, Canan Yılmaz, Ozlem Gulbahar
Abstract Objectives Autoverification (AV) is releasing laboratory results using predefined rules. AV standardizes the verification of laboratory results, improves turnaround time (TAT), detects errors in the total test process, and enables effective use of laboratory staff. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes of implementing the AV in a tertiary hospital. Methods The study was performed in Gazi University Health Research and Application Hospital, Core Biochemistry Laboratory, between August 2017 and October 2019. Step by step, AV algorithms were designed and implemented via middleware for 29 clinical biochemistry tests. A comprehensive validation was performed before the AV system was run. Initially, AV system was tested with datasets and simulated patients (dry testing). Next, samples that may violate AV rules were tested anonymously with no-named trial barcodes (wet testing). Finally, validation of the system was performed with real patients, while the AV was running in the background but not active (i.e., while the manual verification was still going on). After all these steps were successful, the system was started. Results In the daytime, AV rates were ≥75 % for 23 of 29 tests. In night-shift, AV rates were ≥70 % for 16 of 25 tests. Report-based performance was found 26 % for daytime. TAT in the daytime decreased after AV implementation. Conclusions Although this is the first time we have implemented the AV, a significant percentage of the tests have been verified. However, approaches that will increase the percentage of report-based verification will enhance the efficiency of autoverification.
摘要 目的 自动核查（AV）是使用预定义的规则发布实验室结果。自动核查使化验结果的验证标准化，缩短了周转时间（TAT），发现了整个化验过程中的错误，并能有效地使用化验室工作人员。在本研究中，我们旨在评估一家三级医院实施 AV 的结果。方法 研究于 2017 年 8 月至 2019 年 10 月期间在加齐大学健康研究与应用医院核心生化实验室进行。通过中间件逐步设计并实施了 29 种临床生化检验的 AV 算法。在 AV 系统运行之前，进行了全面的验证。首先，使用数据集和模拟患者（干测试）对视听系统进行测试。接着，使用无名试验条形码对可能违反反病毒规则的样本进行匿名测试（湿测试）。最后，在反病毒系统后台运行但未激活（即人工验证仍在进行）的情况下，使用真实患者对系统进行验证。所有这些步骤完成后，系统启动。结果 在日班，29 次测试中有 23 次的 AV 率≥75%。在夜班，25 次测试中有 16 次的 AV 率≥70%。日班时，基于报告的绩效为 26%。实施 AV 后，白天的 TAT 有所下降。结论 虽然这是我们第一次实施 AV，但相当大比例的测试都得到了验证。不过，提高基于报告的验证比例的方法将提高自动验证的效率。
{"title":"Improvement of the post-analytical phase by means of an algorithm based autoverification","authors":"N. S. Yılmaz, Bayram Şen, Burak Arslan, Tuba Saadet Deveci Bulut, B. Narlı, N. Afandiyeva, Gülce Koca, Canan Yılmaz, Ozlem Gulbahar","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Autoverification (AV) is releasing laboratory results using predefined rules. AV standardizes the verification of laboratory results, improves turnaround time (TAT), detects errors in the total test process, and enables effective use of laboratory staff. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the outcomes of implementing the AV in a tertiary hospital. Methods The study was performed in Gazi University Health Research and Application Hospital, Core Biochemistry Laboratory, between August 2017 and October 2019. Step by step, AV algorithms were designed and implemented via middleware for 29 clinical biochemistry tests. A comprehensive validation was performed before the AV system was run. Initially, AV system was tested with datasets and simulated patients (dry testing). Next, samples that may violate AV rules were tested anonymously with no-named trial barcodes (wet testing). Finally, validation of the system was performed with real patients, while the AV was running in the background but not active (i.e., while the manual verification was still going on). After all these steps were successful, the system was started. Results In the daytime, AV rates were ≥75 % for 23 of 29 tests. In night-shift, AV rates were ≥70 % for 16 of 25 tests. Report-based performance was found 26 % for daytime. TAT in the daytime decreased after AV implementation. Conclusions Although this is the first time we have implemented the AV, a significant percentage of the tests have been verified. However, approaches that will increase the percentage of report-based verification will enhance the efficiency of autoverification.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"59 3","pages":"626 - 633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamdi Oğuzman, Buket Kın Tekçe, H. Tekçe, G. Bugdayci
Abstract Objectives Hepcidin plays an important role in regulating iron metabolism. Elevated levels of hepcidin in renal failure contribute to the development of anemia. We aimed to evaluate the association between hepcidin and inflammation in hemodialysis patients and how dialysis affects hepcidin levels. Methods Hepcidin clearance with hemodialysis was investigated by measuring hepcidin concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method before and after hemodialysis of 40 patients in a single dialysis session. Hemogram parameters and ferritin, iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured and evaluated their relations with predialysis hepcidin levels. Results Hepcidin levels decreased significantly with dialysis treatment (p=0.009). Median hepcidin concentration before dialysis was measured as 330 ng/mL (83–459) and post-dialysis median hepcidin concentration was 250 ng/mL (94–384). There was a significant correlation between predialysis hepcidin levels and ferritin (r=0.858, p<0.001), TIBC (r=−0.451, p=0.004), and MCV (r=0.384, p=0.016). It was found that increases in ferritin levels in time were positively correlated with hepcidin before dialysis. Conclusions We think that understanding the removal of the hepcidin by dialysis, which causes a decrease in the amount of iron available in the anemia, is important in managing future therapy.
{"title":"The effects of a single dialysis session on serum hepcidin levels","authors":"Hamdi Oğuzman, Buket Kın Tekçe, H. Tekçe, G. Bugdayci","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Hepcidin plays an important role in regulating iron metabolism. Elevated levels of hepcidin in renal failure contribute to the development of anemia. We aimed to evaluate the association between hepcidin and inflammation in hemodialysis patients and how dialysis affects hepcidin levels. Methods Hepcidin clearance with hemodialysis was investigated by measuring hepcidin concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method before and after hemodialysis of 40 patients in a single dialysis session. Hemogram parameters and ferritin, iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured and evaluated their relations with predialysis hepcidin levels. Results Hepcidin levels decreased significantly with dialysis treatment (p=0.009). Median hepcidin concentration before dialysis was measured as 330 ng/mL (83–459) and post-dialysis median hepcidin concentration was 250 ng/mL (94–384). There was a significant correlation between predialysis hepcidin levels and ferritin (r=0.858, p<0.001), TIBC (r=−0.451, p=0.004), and MCV (r=0.384, p=0.016). It was found that increases in ferritin levels in time were positively correlated with hepcidin before dialysis. Conclusions We think that understanding the removal of the hepcidin by dialysis, which causes a decrease in the amount of iron available in the anemia, is important in managing future therapy.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74104098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deniz Mihcioglu, Erkan Elihan, Alper Aytekin, T. Gurer
Abstract Objectives MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that are involved in regulating gene expression and have an important role in biological pathways such as differentiation, migration, cell proliferation, and other cellular processes. Previous studies have shown that miR-564 and miR-718 are either downregulated or upregulated in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of expression of miR-564 and miR-718 in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ tumor and non-tumor tissues. Methods The study group consisted of tumor and non-tumor tissues obtained from a total of 80 CRC patients. The expression levels of miRNAs were determined using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, using bioinformatics analysis, the transcription factors (TFs) that are associated with miR-564 and miR-718 were identified as well as the GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment pathway analysis of these miRNAs. Results According to the findings of RT-qPCR, both miR-564 and miR-718 expression levels were significantly downregulated in CRC (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between the expression levels of miR-564 and miR-718 (p=0.006). Both miR-564 and miR-718 regulated TFs including E2F1, HIFIA, BRD4, KDM2B, ESR1, MYC, PHF8, RUNX1, TCF12 and YY1. According to KEGG analysis, miR-564 and miR-718 were associated with Hippo and FoxO signaling pathways, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions miR-564 and miR-718 may have function as tumor suppressors and may be biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs)是一种参与调控基因表达的小rna，在分化、迁移、细胞增殖等生物通路中发挥重要作用。先前的研究表明，miR-564和miR-718在多种癌症中或下调或上调。本研究的目的是检测miR-564和miR-718在结直肠癌(CRC)患者肿瘤和非肿瘤组织中的表达水平。方法研究组包括80例结直肠癌患者的肿瘤组织和非肿瘤组织。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测mirna的表达水平。此外，利用生物信息学分析，鉴定了与miR-564和miR-718相关的转录因子(tf)，以及这些mirna的GO (Gene Ontology)和KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)富集途径分析。结果RT-qPCR结果显示，miR-564和miR-718在结直肠癌中表达水平均显著下调(p<0.001)。miR-564与miR-718的表达水平有统计学意义(p=0.006)。miR-564和miR-718均可调控TFs，包括E2F1、HIFIA、BRD4、KDM2B、ESR1、MYC、PHF8、RUNX1、TCF12和YY1。经KEGG分析，miR-564和miR-718分别与Hippo和FoxO信号通路相关(p<0.05)。结论miR-564和miR-718可能具有肿瘤抑制功能，可能是CRC诊断的生物标志物。
{"title":"miR-564 and miR-718 expressions are downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues","authors":"Deniz Mihcioglu, Erkan Elihan, Alper Aytekin, T. Gurer","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that are involved in regulating gene expression and have an important role in biological pathways such as differentiation, migration, cell proliferation, and other cellular processes. Previous studies have shown that miR-564 and miR-718 are either downregulated or upregulated in various cancers. The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of expression of miR-564 and miR-718 in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ tumor and non-tumor tissues. Methods The study group consisted of tumor and non-tumor tissues obtained from a total of 80 CRC patients. The expression levels of miRNAs were determined using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, using bioinformatics analysis, the transcription factors (TFs) that are associated with miR-564 and miR-718 were identified as well as the GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment pathway analysis of these miRNAs. Results According to the findings of RT-qPCR, both miR-564 and miR-718 expression levels were significantly downregulated in CRC (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between the expression levels of miR-564 and miR-718 (p=0.006). Both miR-564 and miR-718 regulated TFs including E2F1, HIFIA, BRD4, KDM2B, ESR1, MYC, PHF8, RUNX1, TCF12 and YY1. According to KEGG analysis, miR-564 and miR-718 were associated with Hippo and FoxO signaling pathways, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions miR-564 and miR-718 may have function as tumor suppressors and may be biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78543348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives Diabetic retinopathy (DRP) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. The pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a protein that is one of the most potent angiogenesis inhibitors. The effect of blood PEDF concentration on DRP formation remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether the plasma concentration of PEDF is effective on the appearance of DRP. Methods The present study consisted of 62 patients with diabetes mellitus and 20 healthy participants. The patient group included 28 patients with non-proliferative DRP, 13 with proliferative DRP, and 21 diabetic patients without DRP. The PEDF levels in patient serum samples were detected through the ELISA method. The body mass index of the participants was calculated. Results Serum PEDF levels of diabetic patients (1.533 ± 0.233 μg/mL) were found to be lower (2.163 ± 0.343 μg/mL) than healthy participants (p=0.002). The PEDF levels were similar in the DRP and non-DRP groups (p=0.337). The plasma PEDF level decreased along with the progression of DRP (p=0.001). Conclusions The PEDF concentration in the blood decreases along with the increase of DRP grade. Decreased blood concentration of PEDF may be important to predict microvascular complications. Agents containing PEDF may be used intraocularly/systemically for therapeutic purposes to prevent vascular complications of diabetes in the near future.
{"title":"The association between plasma concentration of pigment epithelium-derived factor and diabetic retinopathy","authors":"Tayfun Şahin, A. Karabulut","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0078","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Diabetic retinopathy (DRP) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. The pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a protein that is one of the most potent angiogenesis inhibitors. The effect of blood PEDF concentration on DRP formation remains unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether the plasma concentration of PEDF is effective on the appearance of DRP. Methods The present study consisted of 62 patients with diabetes mellitus and 20 healthy participants. The patient group included 28 patients with non-proliferative DRP, 13 with proliferative DRP, and 21 diabetic patients without DRP. The PEDF levels in patient serum samples were detected through the ELISA method. The body mass index of the participants was calculated. Results Serum PEDF levels of diabetic patients (1.533 ± 0.233 μg/mL) were found to be lower (2.163 ± 0.343 μg/mL) than healthy participants (p=0.002). The PEDF levels were similar in the DRP and non-DRP groups (p=0.337). The plasma PEDF level decreased along with the progression of DRP (p=0.001). Conclusions The PEDF concentration in the blood decreases along with the increase of DRP grade. Decreased blood concentration of PEDF may be important to predict microvascular complications. Agents containing PEDF may be used intraocularly/systemically for therapeutic purposes to prevent vascular complications of diabetes in the near future.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87819288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives Pseudomonas aeruginosa is pathogenic in immunocompromised individuals. It has several complex mechanisms for evading human immunity. The objective of the study was to examine the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) mediated immune response in saliva to detect P. aeruginosa in pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The infection with P. aeruginosa was categorized according to the Leeds criteria in the final 86 individuals who were proven to have pulmonary tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction. Levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and sIgA which are specific to P. aeruginosa were measured using the method of ELISA. Results Patients in the “free of infection (patients who were infected with P. aeruginosa in the lower respiratory tract at the beginning of the study later became negative)” and “intermittent colonized (patients who were infected with P. aeruginosa throughout the study)” groups had substantially higher median baseline sIgA levels in saliva and a much greater proportion of sIgA positive than patients who were never colonized (patients who were found to be P. aeruginosa negative throughout the study) (p=0.038). Median baseline IgG level was 10.7 (1.7–145.0), 8.3 (2.5–22.9), and 6.7 (3.3–17.1) for the patients categorized as “intermittent colonization”, “free of infection” and “never colonized”, respectively. After 3 years of study, sIgA level was found in significant high level among the patients with infection of P. aeruginosa (p=0.003). Conclusions Secretory IgA may be readily collected from saliva and is a useful diagnostic technique for determining whether P. aeruginosa infection has occurred.
{"title":"Prevalence and association of sIgA in saliva and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in TB patients: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Keqiang Wan, Chang Su, Fang Yin, Caoyuan Yao","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Pseudomonas aeruginosa is pathogenic in immunocompromised individuals. It has several complex mechanisms for evading human immunity. The objective of the study was to examine the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) mediated immune response in saliva to detect P. aeruginosa in pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The infection with P. aeruginosa was categorized according to the Leeds criteria in the final 86 individuals who were proven to have pulmonary tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction. Levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and sIgA which are specific to P. aeruginosa were measured using the method of ELISA. Results Patients in the “free of infection (patients who were infected with P. aeruginosa in the lower respiratory tract at the beginning of the study later became negative)” and “intermittent colonized (patients who were infected with P. aeruginosa throughout the study)” groups had substantially higher median baseline sIgA levels in saliva and a much greater proportion of sIgA positive than patients who were never colonized (patients who were found to be P. aeruginosa negative throughout the study) (p=0.038). Median baseline IgG level was 10.7 (1.7–145.0), 8.3 (2.5–22.9), and 6.7 (3.3–17.1) for the patients categorized as “intermittent colonization”, “free of infection” and “never colonized”, respectively. After 3 years of study, sIgA level was found in significant high level among the patients with infection of P. aeruginosa (p=0.003). Conclusions Secretory IgA may be readily collected from saliva and is a useful diagnostic technique for determining whether P. aeruginosa infection has occurred.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83367918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gohar Mushtaq, Ibrahim W. Hasani, Fouad Al-Daoud, A. Unnisa, Yahya A. Mutair, Samer Kabba, Yaser Alkanash
Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding molecules that play a pivotal part in brain development and the processes of establishment and maintenance of dendrites and neurite outgrowth by modulating gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked with neurological disorders. Exogenous miRNAs are unstable in the plasma due to degradation by nucleases; hence, choosing a harmless and effective delivery mode is crucial in the quest for miRNA-based therapeutics to treat neurological disorders. This review aims to shed light on the emerging role of nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs to treat neurodegenerative disorders. Nanotechnology encompasses a broad spectrum of applications, one of which is its role in developing nanoscale drug delivery systems. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have attracted the attention of researchers due to the superiority of this mode over conventional treatment systems in terms of their favorable attributes such as bio-compatibility, bio-degradability, extremely small size, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. This review explores nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs highlighting the use of viral vectors as well as non-viral vectors (such as exosomes, liposome nanoparticles, gold and magnetic nanoparticles, dendrimer-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles) to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
{"title":"Exploring nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs to treat neurodegenerative disorders","authors":"Gohar Mushtaq, Ibrahim W. Hasani, Fouad Al-Daoud, A. Unnisa, Yahya A. Mutair, Samer Kabba, Yaser Alkanash","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0086","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding molecules that play a pivotal part in brain development and the processes of establishment and maintenance of dendrites and neurite outgrowth by modulating gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked with neurological disorders. Exogenous miRNAs are unstable in the plasma due to degradation by nucleases; hence, choosing a harmless and effective delivery mode is crucial in the quest for miRNA-based therapeutics to treat neurological disorders. This review aims to shed light on the emerging role of nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs to treat neurodegenerative disorders. Nanotechnology encompasses a broad spectrum of applications, one of which is its role in developing nanoscale drug delivery systems. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have attracted the attention of researchers due to the superiority of this mode over conventional treatment systems in terms of their favorable attributes such as bio-compatibility, bio-degradability, extremely small size, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. This review explores nanotechnology-based approaches using miRNAs highlighting the use of viral vectors as well as non-viral vectors (such as exosomes, liposome nanoparticles, gold and magnetic nanoparticles, dendrimer-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles) to treat neurodegenerative disorders.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84724921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives The study aimed to estimate the biological variation (BV) of routine coagulation tests, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen, in a healthy population to enhance the accuracy of laboratory results and improve diagnosis and treatment decisions. Methods The study included 26 healthy volunteers over 10 weeks; samples were collected weekly. The within-subject BV (CVI) and between-subject BV (CVG) were calculated for each parameter, and the index of individuality (II) and reference change values (RCV) were determined. All tests were performed in duplicate on the Roche Cobas T-711 coagulation analyzer. Results Fibrinogen exhibited the highest BV, with a CVI of 11 % and CVG of 17.4 %. The aPTT test had a CVI of 5.8 %, a CVG of 8.4 %, and an II of 0.91. The PT test had a CVI of 3.2 %, a CVG of 5.8 %, and an II of 0.73. The RCV values ranged from −7.5 to 8.1 for PT, −12.7 to 14.6 for aPTT, and −22.7 to 29.4 for fibrinogen. Conclusions The study underscores the significant biological variation in routine hemostasis parameters, such as PT, APTT, and fibrinogen, which impacts clinical diagnoses and treatment decisions. Despite certain limitations, the findings offer valuable insights for clinicians and suggest that future research should include more parameters for a comprehensive understanding of biological variations in hemostasis testing.
{"title":"Within- and between-subject biological variation of hemostasis parameters in a study of 26 healthy individuals","authors":"O. Zengi, K. T. Uçar","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The study aimed to estimate the biological variation (BV) of routine coagulation tests, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen, in a healthy population to enhance the accuracy of laboratory results and improve diagnosis and treatment decisions. Methods The study included 26 healthy volunteers over 10 weeks; samples were collected weekly. The within-subject BV (CVI) and between-subject BV (CVG) were calculated for each parameter, and the index of individuality (II) and reference change values (RCV) were determined. All tests were performed in duplicate on the Roche Cobas T-711 coagulation analyzer. Results Fibrinogen exhibited the highest BV, with a CVI of 11 % and CVG of 17.4 %. The aPTT test had a CVI of 5.8 %, a CVG of 8.4 %, and an II of 0.91. The PT test had a CVI of 3.2 %, a CVG of 5.8 %, and an II of 0.73. The RCV values ranged from −7.5 to 8.1 for PT, −12.7 to 14.6 for aPTT, and −22.7 to 29.4 for fibrinogen. Conclusions The study underscores the significant biological variation in routine hemostasis parameters, such as PT, APTT, and fibrinogen, which impacts clinical diagnoses and treatment decisions. Despite certain limitations, the findings offer valuable insights for clinicians and suggest that future research should include more parameters for a comprehensive understanding of biological variations in hemostasis testing.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86483929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant infection that attacks immune system cells and integrates its genetic material into host cells. Left untreated, it leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is used to control HIV infection. Etravirine (ETR) is an important non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) utilized in the treatment of HIV. Low-level viremia (LLW) is a serious clinical condition, and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The aim of our study is to analyze and elucidate the resistance status of Lys104Gln, Lys102Gln, Lys101Arg-Lys104Arg, Ser191Phe, Ile94Leu-Lys104Arg, Lys104Glu-His235Leu, Ala98Ser and Val179Ile mutations using in-silico methods, which are identified as low-level viremic strains, because their resistance status to ETR is unknown. Methods Homology modeling was performed using the Swiss Model program. Molecular docking of ETR with the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme was conducted using the CB-Dock program developed by AutoDock Vina. Protein-ligand interaction analysis was carried out using the protein-ligand interaction profiler (PLIP). Results A98S and V179I mutations altered the physicochemical properties of the region, resulting in changes to the conformational structure of the NNRTI hydrophobic pocket compared to the wild-type and consequently decreased docking scores. Conclusions Based on the evaluation of literature data and in-silico analyses, it is believed that A98S and V179I mutations may alter the conformational structure of the hydrophobic pocket where ETR binds, potentially resulting in low-level resistance against ETR.
{"title":"Researching of resistance to etravirine in some HIV-1 low-level viremia strains by in-silico methods","authors":"O. Oflaz, H. Mergen, Tulin Demir","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2023-0166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2023-0166","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant infection that attacks immune system cells and integrates its genetic material into host cells. Left untreated, it leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is used to control HIV infection. Etravirine (ETR) is an important non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) utilized in the treatment of HIV. Low-level viremia (LLW) is a serious clinical condition, and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The aim of our study is to analyze and elucidate the resistance status of Lys104Gln, Lys102Gln, Lys101Arg-Lys104Arg, Ser191Phe, Ile94Leu-Lys104Arg, Lys104Glu-His235Leu, Ala98Ser and Val179Ile mutations using in-silico methods, which are identified as low-level viremic strains, because their resistance status to ETR is unknown. Methods Homology modeling was performed using the Swiss Model program. Molecular docking of ETR with the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme was conducted using the CB-Dock program developed by AutoDock Vina. Protein-ligand interaction analysis was carried out using the protein-ligand interaction profiler (PLIP). Results A98S and V179I mutations altered the physicochemical properties of the region, resulting in changes to the conformational structure of the NNRTI hydrophobic pocket compared to the wild-type and consequently decreased docking scores. Conclusions Based on the evaluation of literature data and in-silico analyses, it is believed that A98S and V179I mutations may alter the conformational structure of the hydrophobic pocket where ETR binds, potentially resulting in low-level resistance against ETR.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74018421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mojtaba Doulatpanah, Meltem Kocamanoğlu, E. Sözmen, G. Öztürk, E. Demir, F. Gülen, Y. Akcay
Abstract Objectives Childhood asthma is a chronic disease with high incidence worldwide. As a lifelong disease, asthma has episodes. Inflammation continues to occur in the clinical remission of asthma. It can be difficult to diagnose childhood asthma, especially in clinical remission. We hypothesized that some cytokines secreted to nasal fluid from the airway during inflammation might help diagnose clinical remission of asthma. Moreover, sampling nasal fluid is an easy and non-invasive procedure, so it may be a preferable sampling method. Methods We measured levels of some interleukins (ILs), which are IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-33, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), periostin and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) by Luminex magnetic bead-based immunoassay in nasal fluid and in serum of asthmatic children in clinical remission. Results We found that IL-5, IL-6, IL-33, and periostin had elevated levels in nasal fluid. IL-5 and IL-33 had increased levels in the nasal fluid of the patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE) high and low phenotypes. While the nasal fluid TSLP levels were positively correlated with most of the increased serum cytokine levels of non-allergic asthmatic children, the nasal fluid GM-CSF levels were positively correlated with most of the increased serum cytokine levels of the allergic asthmatic children. Conclusions IL-5, IL-6, IL-33, and periostin had elevated levels in the nasal fluid of the patients in clinical remission. The nasal fluid GM-CSF levels of the allergic patients and nasal fluid TSLP levels of the non-allergic patients had a positive correlation with most of the serum cytokine levels. Thus, our results showed that nasal fluid might be a preferable biological sample to diagnose asthma in children.
{"title":"Nasal fluid sample as a reliable matrix for determination of cytokine levels in childhood asthma","authors":"Mojtaba Doulatpanah, Meltem Kocamanoğlu, E. Sözmen, G. Öztürk, E. Demir, F. Gülen, Y. Akcay","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2022-0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2022-0147","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Childhood asthma is a chronic disease with high incidence worldwide. As a lifelong disease, asthma has episodes. Inflammation continues to occur in the clinical remission of asthma. It can be difficult to diagnose childhood asthma, especially in clinical remission. We hypothesized that some cytokines secreted to nasal fluid from the airway during inflammation might help diagnose clinical remission of asthma. Moreover, sampling nasal fluid is an easy and non-invasive procedure, so it may be a preferable sampling method. Methods We measured levels of some interleukins (ILs), which are IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-33, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), periostin and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) by Luminex magnetic bead-based immunoassay in nasal fluid and in serum of asthmatic children in clinical remission. Results We found that IL-5, IL-6, IL-33, and periostin had elevated levels in nasal fluid. IL-5 and IL-33 had increased levels in the nasal fluid of the patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE) high and low phenotypes. While the nasal fluid TSLP levels were positively correlated with most of the increased serum cytokine levels of non-allergic asthmatic children, the nasal fluid GM-CSF levels were positively correlated with most of the increased serum cytokine levels of the allergic asthmatic children. Conclusions IL-5, IL-6, IL-33, and periostin had elevated levels in the nasal fluid of the patients in clinical remission. The nasal fluid GM-CSF levels of the allergic patients and nasal fluid TSLP levels of the non-allergic patients had a positive correlation with most of the serum cytokine levels. Thus, our results showed that nasal fluid might be a preferable biological sample to diagnose asthma in children.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"15 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91405518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to examine the utilization of clinical laboratory services in the emergency department and to identify the changes in their usage over six years. Methods Our study is a retrospective descriptive observational study. The study includes emergency room visits between January 01, 2016, and January 01, 2022, and the analysis of the tests requested during this period. Results When the number of tests requested among the patients in the emergency departments was considered, the highest rate belonged to complete blood count (109,696,468), which was followed by creatinine (98,027,489) and potassium (94,583,831). In addition to an increase in the number of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) tests (118.82 %), coagulation parameters such as D-dimer (1,180.95 %) and fibrinogen (315.25 %) showed an increasing trend after the onset of pandemia. Conclusions The most frequently used tests in the emergency department were complete blood count, creatinine, potassium, BUN, AST, ALT, and Na, ferritin, fibrinogen, CRP, and D-dimer have increased over the last two years due to their clinical use in predicting the outcome of COVID-19.
{"title":"Clinical laboratory testing in the emergency department: a six-year analysis","authors":"Attila Beştemir, Göksu Bozdereli Berikol","doi":"10.1515/tjb-2022-0250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2022-0250","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives This study aimed to examine the utilization of clinical laboratory services in the emergency department and to identify the changes in their usage over six years. Methods Our study is a retrospective descriptive observational study. The study includes emergency room visits between January 01, 2016, and January 01, 2022, and the analysis of the tests requested during this period. Results When the number of tests requested among the patients in the emergency departments was considered, the highest rate belonged to complete blood count (109,696,468), which was followed by creatinine (98,027,489) and potassium (94,583,831). In addition to an increase in the number of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) tests (118.82 %), coagulation parameters such as D-dimer (1,180.95 %) and fibrinogen (315.25 %) showed an increasing trend after the onset of pandemia. Conclusions The most frequently used tests in the emergency department were complete blood count, creatinine, potassium, BUN, AST, ALT, and Na, ferritin, fibrinogen, CRP, and D-dimer have increased over the last two years due to their clinical use in predicting the outcome of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":23344,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79304245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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