Ukrains'kyi biokhimichnyi zhurnal最新文献

Immunoglobulin G peculiar to cancer under the effect of acid medium changes to a slightly soluble form due to reversible formation of aggregates. The rest serum proteins transfer to the insoluble form in a more acid medium due to the irreversible denaturation changes in the protein molecules. When isolating aggregates of the mentioned protein from the blood serum of patients with cancer it is impossible to differ these sera from those of donors or patients with pathologies of nonmalignant character under the effect of acid medium. The amount of the aggregates isolated accounts for 1.1-1.2% of total amount of serum proteins and does not depend on affinity of the anion of acid in the presence of which the experiment was conducted for proteins.

Adrenalectomy and administration of hydrocortisone and ACTH are shown to induce no changes in the total activity of neutral peptide-hydrolase in both homogenates and brain subcellular fractions. The absence of adrenalectomy and hormone administration effect on the total peptide-hydrolase activity in homogenates is established simultaneously with its essential changes in the brain subcellular fractions. A decrease in the enzymic activity of the mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction (MLF) following adrenalectomy is observed side by side with its increase in a soluble fraction. Hydrocortisone and ACTH administration cause an increase in the acid peptide-hydrolase activity in MLF and its decrease in the brain soluble and microsomal fractions of adrenalectomized rabbits. The degree of solubilization of MLF acid and neutral peptide-hydrolase by detergent triton X-100 after adrenalectomy is increased. Hydrocortisone and ACTH administration, on the contrary, decrease a degree of solubilization of the brain MLF peptide-hydrolase in adrenalectomized animals.

The protein spectrum of blood serum was studied in healthy cows and those suffering from leucosis. The total amount of protein at the early stages of the disease is established to be unchanged. But with lympholeucosis the content of the globulin fraction increases with a simultaneous decrease in the amount of albumins within 20%. The globulin fraction content rises due to immunoglobulin G. The albumin: globulins coefficient is 0.56 for animals with leucosis and 0.84 for the healthy ones. A problem on possible qualitative changes in this fraction similar to those occurring with other forms of malignant growth is under discussion.

The paper deals with the mechanism of some model reactions of NAD and NADP which proceed with transfer of one electron and hydrogen atom. The joint oxidation of N-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (I) and phenylglyoxal with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of cupric ions is found to result in transfer of one hydrogen atom from dihydropyridine molecule to hydroxy-radical and the electron to a molecule of oxygen or dinitrobenzene. The oxydation of I with benzoquinone is found to proceed with formation of free radicals as intermediate. The mechanism of NAD reduction with sodium hydrosulphite is proposed.

The cooling of rats under conditions of hypercapnia and hypoxia during the first 15 minutes increases the contents of free fatty acids, acetoacetate and beta-oxybutyrate in the tissues of the brain, myocardium, liver, skeletal muscles and blood and decreases them by the end of the effect (120 min later) down to the initial values, in the liver and skeletal muscles tissues the content of the mentioned intermediates falls lower the initial values. In the carbohydrate metabolism the amount of phosphoenolpyruvate 15 and 120 min after the action beginning and the amount of malate in the myocardium and brain at the end of the experiment increase to a different extent; the content of lactate rises only in the brain 30 and 120 min after the beginning of cooling. In the rat venous blood the value of pCO2 increases up to 71.8+/-6.0 mm Hg, the total content of CO2 rises, the values of the standard bicarbonates decrease and the pH value drops sharply down to 6.98+/-0.03. It is suggested that one of the main reasons of such changes in metabolism is development of hypercapnia state and acidosis and the resulted increase in intensity of the carboxylation processes in the tissues.

It is established that the activity of Na+, K+ = ATPase and Mg2+, Ca2+ = ATPase lowers significantly at the paralytic stage of the disease. At earlier stages of the disease preceding the appearance of peculiar neurological symptoms (the seventh and fourteenth days of the incubation period) a decrease of the Mg2+, Ca2+ = ATPase activity was observed in the brain and spinal cord, whereas the Na+, K+ = ATPase activity in the brain remained at the control level up to the appearance of the disease clearly developed symptoms. The Na+, K+ = ATPase activity of the brain on the fourteenth day of the incubation period corresponded to the level of the activity at the paralytic stage of the disease.

The content of CoA in the liver, heart, kidneys and brain of rats was studied as affected by ACTH, melipramine and prednisolone. After ACTH administration the content of CoA in the liver increases. When blocking "capture" and "reverse capture" of catecholamines by melipramine the content of CoA in the kidneys lowers. Administration of melipramines causes no changes in the content of CoA in the tissues. Under the effect of prednisolone there is a tendency to the CoA content decrease in the kidneys. In the other tissues the subcutaneous administration of the preparations does not effect the content of CoA. Possible mechanism of the studied pharmacologic substances effect on the content of CoA in the tissues is under discussion.

Total nuclear RNA was isolated under conditions of actinomycin D blocking ion-exchange chromatography on kieselguhr columns with methylated albumin detected differences in transpiration of rat liver nuclear RNA with intensive normal and malignant growth. Actinomycin D in doses blocking the appearance of peculiar proteins in the blood serum of rats with the regenerating liver and RS-1 hepatoma produces a different effect on the biosynthesis of nuclear DNA-like RNA of the rat liver. 24h after a partial hepatectomy the antibiotic inhibits considerably the biosynthesis of nuclear DNA-like RNA which is eluated during chromatographying with 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 70 degrees C. With RS-1 hepatoma the actinomycin D effect is most pronounced with respect to nuclear DNA-like RNA of rats with a tumour which is washed off from the column with a 0.2% solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate at 37 degrees C.

The repair processes with posthemorrhage anemia were studied in experiment and clinics as affected by the preparation (sodium bicarbonate and magnesium, manganese and zinc sulphates in a ratio of 25:5:0.1:0.1) which stimulates the carboxylation reactions in the organism. Stimulation of the carboxylation reactions in the rabbits with experimental posthemorrhage anemia increases the intensity of 14CO2 carbon transformation of organic compounds in the tricarboxylic cycle, intensifies 14C incorporation into the liver, kidneys, spleen and marrow proteins as well as into serum albumin and globulins. Under clinical conditions stimulation of CO2 fixation with the preparation favours an intensified formation of the red series cells and biosynthesis of hemoglobin and serum proteins as well as the repair of their disturbed balance in patients with posthemorrhage anemia. The content of magnesium in blood plasma normalizes.

Respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of the rat kidney cortex mitochondria are studied as affected by low temperatures and cryoprotectants. There is no change in respiration in state 2 during freezing and thawing of the rat kidney cortex slices both in case of using the succinate oxidation substrate and alpha-ketoglutarate. Respiration in state 3 is inhibited in the medium with alpha-ketoglutarate during freezing under protection of polyethylene oxide-100 (PEO-100) and glycerol, and does not significantly change in case of using dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). The effectiveness of cryoprotectants used in the experiments reduces in the following sequence: DMSO--glycerol--PEO-100. Preservation of the main mitochondria function, ATP synthesis, is shown to be possible for the kidney cortex slices exposed to freezing and thawing.