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İpeğin Kök Boya İle Edirne Kırmızısı Rengine Boyanması 用根染法将丝绸染成埃迪尔内红色
Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1318831
İsmail Yüce, Nilgün Becenen
Silk is a natural filament obtained from the Bombyx mori species of silkworm, with a fiber length of up to 3000 meters. During the Ottoman era in Edirne, sericulture and silk trade were important activities. To this end, silk factories, trade centers, and silk weaving schools were established, creating an important source of income for the people of Edirne. Edirne Red is a natural dye obtained from the Rubia Tinctorum L. plant and is part of the Ottoman Empire's heritage. This dye is resistant to sunlight and washing. It has been used in Turkish carpets, as well as in silk and cotton fabrics. The aim of this study is to bring together the importance of Edirne Red and silk in Edirne's history. For this purpose, 100% silk fabrics were dyed using madder (Rubia Tinctorum L.) grown within the borders of Edirne province. The effects of dye ratios and auxiliary chemicals used on color and colorfastness were examined during the dyeing process. The color values of the fabrics were measured numerically in the CIEL*a*b* color space, and the washing and light fastness values of the dyed fabrics were also measured. Additionally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were performed on both the used madder and the dyed fabric. Based on the obtained data, the closest Edirne Red color was achieved by pre-mordanting fabric before dyeing and using ethanol as the dye solvent. Madder dye, successfully applied to silk fabrics under different conditions, has shown good results in terms of color yield and fastness properties.
蚕丝是从蚕蛾中提取的天然长丝,纤维长度可达 3000 米。在埃迪尔内的奥斯曼帝国时代,养蚕和丝绸贸易是重要的活动。为此,人们建立了丝绸工厂、贸易中心和丝织学校,为埃迪尔内人民创造了重要的收入来源。埃迪尔内红是从茜草中提取的天然染料,是奥斯曼帝国遗产的一部分。这种染料耐晒耐洗。它被用于土耳其地毯以及丝绸和棉织品。本研究的目的是汇集埃迪尔内红和丝绸在埃迪尔内历史中的重要性。为此,使用埃迪尔内省境内种植的茜草(Rubia Tinctorum L.)对 100% 的丝织物进行了染色。在染色过程中,研究了所使用的染料比例和辅助化学品对颜色和色牢度的影响。织物的色值在 CIEL*a*b* 色彩空间中进行了数值测量,染色织物的耐洗牢度和耐光牢度也进行了测量。此外,还对使用过的茜草和染色织物进行了高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析。根据所获得的数据,在染色前对织物进行预搀杂,并使用乙醇作为染料溶剂,可以获得最接近埃迪尔内红的颜色。在不同条件下成功地将茜草染料应用于丝织物,在得色率和牢度特性方面都取得了良好的效果。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on the Investigation of Mechanical and Structural Properties of PET, Recycled PET (r-PET) and Biodegradable PET (bio-PET) Containing Fabrics 关于 PET、回收 PET(r-PET)和含生物降解 PET(bio-PET)织物的机械和结构特性的调查研究
Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1348804
S. Eren, Aliye AKARSU ÖZENÇ, Zeynep Atlas, Cansu İŞBİLİR SALİH
Poliester (PET) lifleri tekstil endüstrisinde dünya genelinde en çok kullanılan sentetik liftir. Dünya genelinde çevresel ve ekolojik kaygıların artmasıyla sentetik liflerin geri dönüştürülmesi, biyobozunurluğunun sağlanması yönünde çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu deneysel çalışmada poliester, geri dönüştürülmüş poliester (r-PET) ve biyobozunur poliester (bio-PET) içerikli kumaşların boyama ve fiziksel performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlarda r-PET ve bio-PET içerikli numunelerin en az PET içerikli kumaşlar kadar iyi boyandığı haslık ve mukavemet değerlerinde belirgin farklılıklar olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda r-PET ve bio-PET liflerinin PET liflerine alternatif olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
聚酯(PET)纤维是全球纺织业使用最广泛的合成纤维。随着全球对环境和生态问题的日益关注,人们开始研究如何回收合成纤维并确保其生物降解性。在这项实验研究中,对涤纶、回收涤纶(r-PET)和可生物降解涤纶(bio-PET)织物的染色和物理性能进行了比较。研究结果表明,含 r-PET 和 bio-PET 的样品的染色效果至少与含 PET 的织物相同,而且牢度和强度值没有明显差异。因此,我们认为 r-PET 和生物 PET 纤维可以替代 PET 纤维。
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引用次数: 0
Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) in Indoor and Ambient Air in Bursa: Concentration Distributions, Possible Sources and Health Risks 布尔萨室内和环境空气中的有机氯农药 (OCP):浓度分布、可能来源和健康风险
Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1330124
M. Sari, F. Esen, Sündüz Shanabo
Organoklorlu pestisitler (OCP’ler) fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklere göre tüm çevrede bulunan ve dünyada en yaygın olarak kullanılan kimyasalların başında gelmektedir. Yaklaşık 40 yıldır kullanımları yasak olmasına rağmen hem kararlılıklarından hem de kaçak kullanımlarından dolayı günümüzde hala insan sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Bursa sınırları içerinde yer alan 15 iç ve 6 dış ortam havasında OCP konsantrasyonlarının seviyeleri, muhtemel kaynakları ve soluma yoluyla oluşabilecek kanser riski hesabı değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam 10 OCP bileşiğinin iç ortam havasındaki konsantrasyon değerlerinin 467,8±94,9 pg/m3, dış ortam havasındaki konsantrasyon değerlerinin ise 419,3±137,1 pg/m3 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örnekleme noktalarındaki binaların yaşının yanı sıra dış ortam havasında da tarımsal alanların varlığı ve yakınlığı iç ortam OCP konsantrasyonlarının dağılımlarında önemli rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir. Muhtemel kaynakların değerlendirilmesinde izomer oranlarından yararlanılmıştır. Bu izomer oranlarına göre, Bursa’da OCP’lerin esas kaynaklarını lindanların oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca yine aynı oranlara göre günümüzde hala Bursa’da pestisit kullanıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Son olarak hem iç hem de dış ortam havasının solunması yoluyla oluşabilecek kanser riskleri artan yaşam boyu kanser riski (ILCR) yöntemine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen hesaplamalara göre, Bursa’da hem iç hem de dış ortamda OCP’lerin solunması yoluyla oluşabilecek herhangi bir kanser riski tespit edilmemiştir.
根据其物理和化学特性,有机氯农药(OCPs)是世界上使用最广泛的化学品之一。虽然它们被禁止使用已有 40 年之久,但由于其稳定性和非法使用,它们至今仍威胁着人类健康。在这项研究中,对布尔萨 15 个室内和 6 个室外空气中的 OCP 浓度水平、其可能的来源以及通过吸入可能产生的癌症风险计算进行了评估。经测定,室内空气中 10 种 OCP 化合物的浓度值为 467.8±94.9 pg/m3,室外空气中为 419.3±137.1 pg/m3。除了采样点的楼龄外,室外空气中是否有农业区以及农业区的远近对室内 OCP 浓度的分布也有重要影响。在评估可能的来源时使用了异构体比率。根据这些异构体比率,可以确定布尔萨 OCPs 的主要来源是林丹。此外,根据相同的异构体比率,还得出了布尔萨目前仍在使用杀虫剂的结论。最后,根据终生癌症风险增量法(ILCR)对吸入室内外空气可能导致的癌症风险进行了评估。根据计算结果,在布尔萨没有发现因吸入室内外空气中的 OCPs 而致癌的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Coastal Erosion in Yeşilirmak Delta Using Linear Regression Rate Method 利用线性回归率法分析叶西利尔马克三角洲的海岸侵蚀情况
Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1248184
Derya Öztürk, Sibel Uzun
Bu çalışmada ulusal öneme haiz sulak alanlar kapsamında tescillenen Yeşilırmak Deltası’nın yaklaşık 18,5 km’lik kıyı bölümünde gerçekleşen erozyon uzaktan algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) yardımıyla araştırılmıştır. 1985–2022 periyodunda gerçekleşen kıyı çizgisi değişimlerinin belirlenmesi ve erozyonun derecesinin anlaşılabilmesi için 1985, 1990, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, 2017 ve 2022 yıllarına ait Landsat-5 TM/Landsat-8 OLI uydu görüntüleri kullanılmıştır. Uydu görüntülerinden kıyı çizgilerinin belirlenmesinde normalize fark su indeksi (NDWI) ve modifiye normalize fark su indeksi (MNDWI) entegre edilmiştir. Yıllık kıyı çizgisi değişim oranları 1985–2022 periyodunda sekiz farklı yıla ait kıyı çizgilerinden doğrusal regresyon oranı (LRR) yöntemiyle %95 güven düzeyinde hesaplanmış, Yeşilırmak Nehri’nin batı kesimindeki Bölge-1’de maksimum -25,8 m/yıl, doğu kesimindeki Bölge-2’de maksimum -7,7 m/yıl’a ulaşan erozyon oranı belirlenmiştir. Kıyı çizgisi değişimleri sınıflandırıldığında deltanın %34’ü yüksek, %9’u orta, %18’i düşük derecede olmak üzere %61’inde erozyon gerçekleştiği anlaşılmıştır. 1985–2022 periyodunda erozyonla kaybedilen alanlar çakıştırma analizi ile belirlenmiş, Bölge-1’de 179,23 ha ve Bölge-2’de 82,22 ha olmak üzere toplam 261,45 ha alanın erozyon ile kaybedildiği görülmüştür. Analiz sonuçları, Yeşilırmak Deltası kıyılarındaki erozyon, birikim ve stabil alanların belirlenerek kıyı dinamiklerinin ve erozyon tehlikesinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamış ve kıyı çizgisi değişimlerinin belirlenmesinde Landsat görüntüleri ve LRR yönteminin etkinliğini ortaya çıkarmıştır.
本研究利用遥感技术和地理信息系统(GIS)对叶西勒马克三角洲约 18.5 公里海岸线段的侵蚀情况进行了调查。研究使用了 1985 年、1990 年、1996 年、2001 年、2006 年、2011 年、2017 年和 2022 年的 Landsat-5 TM/Landsat-8 OLI 卫星图像,以确定 1985-2022 年期间的海岸线变化并了解侵蚀程度。综合归一化差异水指数(NDWI)和修正归一化差异水指数(MNDWI)来确定卫星图像中的海岸线。通过线性回归比(LRR)方法,以 95% 的置信度计算了 1985-2022 年期间 8 个不同年份的海岸线年变化率,并确定了叶希勒马克河西部 1 区的最大侵蚀率为 -25.8米/年,东部 2 区的最大侵蚀率为 -7.7米/年。对海岸线变化进行分类后发现,61%的三角洲发生了侵蚀,其中 34%为高度侵蚀,9%为中度侵蚀,18%为低度侵蚀。通过叠加分析确定了 1985-2022 年期间因侵蚀而损失的面积,结果显示,因侵蚀而损失的总面积为 261.45 公顷,其中 179.23 公顷位于区域 1,82.22 公顷位于区域 2。分析结果通过确定叶希勒马克三角洲海岸的侵蚀、增生和稳定区域,有助于更好地了解海岸动态和侵蚀危害,并揭示了大地遥感卫星图像和 LRR 方法在确定海岸线变化方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
MnO2/PANI/SWCNT Nanokompozit Süperkapasitör Elektrot Geliştirilmesi ve Elektrokimyasal Performansının İncelenmesi MnO2/PANI/SWCNT 纳米复合材料超级电容器电极的开发及其电化学性能研究
Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1290797
Çağatay Özada, Merve Ünal, Hakkı Özer, Murat Yazici
In this study, a manganese dioxide (MnO2/polyaniline (PANI)/ single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) nanocomposite electrode was prepared for pseudo-supercapacitors. To reduce the internal resistance of the electrode, increase the capacitance stability, and reduce the cost of single-walled carbon nanotubes, SWCNT was subjected to two-step acid etching. The purity of SWCNT was improved from ~95% to 99.98%. In addition, SWCNT was functionalized by this process. Thus, a nanocomposite was formed by coating PANI around SWCNT. MnO2/PANI/SWCNT were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. Morphological, chemical and thermal analyses of the synthesized nanocomposite structure were carried out. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystal structure. Electrochemical analyses were performed using a three-electrode system in a 1 M KOH electrolyte solution. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) measurements were performed. The capacitance of the nanocomposite electrode at 400 cycles was 314 mF/cm2, and the capacitance retention stability was calculated at 73.24%. The results showed that the capacitance stability was high, and the supercapacitor was sensitive to redox reactions.
本研究制备了用于伪超级电容器的二氧化锰(MnO2)/聚苯胺(PANI)/单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)纳米复合电极。为了降低电极内阻、提高电容稳定性并降低单壁碳纳米管的成本,对单壁碳纳米管进行了两步酸蚀。SWCNT 的纯度从 ~95% 提高到了 99.98%。此外,该工艺还对 SWCNT 进行了功能化处理。这样,在 SWCNT 周围涂覆 PANI 就形成了一种纳米复合材料。MnO2/PANI/SWCNT 采用水热法合成。对合成的纳米复合材料结构进行了形态、化学和热分析。此外,还使用 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 来确定晶体结构。在 1 M KOH 电解质溶液中使用三电极系统进行了电化学分析。进行了循环伏安法(CV)和电静态充放电法(GCD)测量。纳米复合电极在循环 400 次后的电容为 314 mF/cm2,电容保持稳定性为 73.24%。结果表明,电容稳定性很高,而且超级电容器对氧化还原反应很敏感。
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引用次数: 0
Biyoyakıt-dizel karışımı ile çalışan stasyoner dizel motorunun performans ve emisyonlarını iyileştirmek için titanyum dioksit nanopartiküllerinin kullanılması 使用二氧化钛纳米颗粒改善使用生物燃料-柴油混合燃料的固定式柴油发动机的性能和排放量
Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1294787
Abdülvahap Çakmak
In this research, the potential effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on improving a stationary diesel engine characteristic fuelled with a biofuel mixture-diesel blend (B25: 25% vol. biofuel mixture containing biodiesel, waste cooking oil and ethanol + 75% vol. diesel) are experimentally investigated. TiO2 nanoparticles are dispersed in B25 fuel at 50, 100, and 150 ppm concentrations. Subsequently, they are tested in a stationary research diesel engine at a rotational speed of 1500 rpm and specific loads. Nanoparticles enhance combustion, offering increased cylinder gas pressure, net heat release rate, and reduced ignition delay period and combustion duration. The engine performance is enhanced more with increasing nanoparticle concentration. TiO2 nanoparticles with a 150 ppm rate reduce brake-specific fuel consumption by 3.21% and increase the brake effective efficiency by 3.67%, on average, compared to B25 fuel without nanoparticles. CO emission and smoke opacity are reduced by up to 31.89% and 24.56% with TiO2 nanoparticles. However, under the same operating conditions, NO emission increases to 30.58% compared to sole B25. Nevertheless, the NO emission of nanofuels is still less than that of diesel fuel. This study's results indicate that using TiO2 nanoparticles as a nano fuel additive can enhance the stationary engine's operation fueled with the biofuel mixture-diesel blend. Keywords: Biofuel, Diesel engine, Fuel additive, Nanoparticles
本研究通过实验研究了纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)颗粒对改善以生物燃料混合物-柴油混合物(B25:含生物柴油、废食用油和乙醇的 25% 生物燃料混合物 + 75% 柴油)为燃料的固定式柴油发动机特性的潜在影响。二氧化钛纳米颗粒以 50、100 和 150 ppm 的浓度分散在 B25 燃料中。随后,在一台固定式研究柴油发动机中以 1500 rpm 的转速和特定负荷进行了测试。纳米颗粒能增强燃烧,提高气缸气体压力和净热释放率,缩短点火延迟时间和燃烧持续时间。随着纳米粒子浓度的增加,发动机的性能也得到了提高。与不含纳米颗粒的 B25 燃料相比,百万分之 150 的 TiO2 纳米颗粒可将制动油耗降低 3.21%,并将制动有效效率平均提高 3.67%。使用 TiO2 纳米粒子后,CO 排放量和烟雾不透明度分别降低了 31.89% 和 24.56%。然而,在相同的操作条件下,与唯一的 B25 相比,NO 排放量增加了 30.58%。尽管如此,纳米燃料的氮氧化物排放量仍低于柴油。该研究结果表明,使用 TiO2 纳米粒子作为纳米燃料添加剂,可以提高使用生物燃料混合物-柴油混合燃料的固定发动机的运行性能。关键词生物燃料 柴油发动机 燃料添加剂 纳米颗粒
{"title":"Biyoyakıt-dizel karışımı ile çalışan stasyoner dizel motorunun performans ve emisyonlarını iyileştirmek için titanyum dioksit nanopartiküllerinin kullanılması","authors":"Abdülvahap Çakmak","doi":"10.17482/uumfd.1294787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1294787","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the potential effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on improving a stationary diesel engine characteristic fuelled with a biofuel mixture-diesel blend (B25: 25% vol. biofuel mixture containing biodiesel, waste cooking oil and ethanol + 75% vol. diesel) are experimentally investigated. TiO2 nanoparticles are dispersed in B25 fuel at 50, 100, and 150 ppm concentrations. Subsequently, they are tested in a stationary research diesel engine at a rotational speed of 1500 rpm and specific loads. Nanoparticles enhance combustion, offering increased cylinder gas pressure, net heat release rate, and reduced ignition delay period and combustion duration. The engine performance is enhanced more with increasing nanoparticle concentration. TiO2 nanoparticles with a 150 ppm rate reduce brake-specific fuel consumption by 3.21% and increase the brake effective efficiency by 3.67%, on average, compared to B25 fuel without nanoparticles. CO emission and smoke opacity are reduced by up to 31.89% and 24.56% with TiO2 nanoparticles. However, under the same operating conditions, NO emission increases to 30.58% compared to sole B25. Nevertheless, the NO emission of nanofuels is still less than that of diesel fuel. This study's results indicate that using TiO2 nanoparticles as a nano fuel additive can enhance the stationary engine's operation fueled with the biofuel mixture-diesel blend. Keywords: Biofuel, Diesel engine, Fuel additive, Nanoparticles","PeriodicalId":23451,"journal":{"name":"Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF SEAMED COMPRESSION SOCKS AND COMPARISON WITH CLASS I SOCKS USING EXISTING MATHEMATICAL MODELS 利用现有数学模型开发有缝压力袜并与 I 类袜进行比较
Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1268849
Engin Akçagün, H. Siddique, Abdurrrahim Yilmaz
Compression therapy is an important method for treating venous diseases such as venous edema and venous hypertension. Regular compression therapy's main objective is to diminish leg swelling by controlling blood flow and avoiding the recurrence of reversible blood flow. Compression socks are often recommended as therapeutic garments. In this study, a seamed compression sock was developed using fabric with an interlock knit structure. Three other sock samples were produced by using circular knitting MERZ CC4 model machine for comparison. The results demonstrate that the developed sock meets all the requirements of compression class I. Statistical analysis reveals that fabric parameters, particularly fabric weight, effectively explain compression pressure intensity according to the values of coefficient of determination, coefficient of correlation (r), and means sum of square errors (MSE). In this work, Laplace's Law and a few preexisting mathematical models were used to calculate the compression pressure of both standard compression socks and socks with seams, with results that were essentially similar. The points of data are tightly clustered around line of regression, showing that there is little variation in the compression pressure for socks with seams.
压力疗法是治疗静脉水肿和静脉高压等静脉疾病的重要方法。定期压力疗法的主要目的是通过控制血流和避免可逆血流的复发来减轻腿部肿胀。压力袜通常被推荐为治疗服装。在这项研究中,使用联锁针织结构的织物开发了一种缝合压力袜。为了进行比较,还使用 MERZ CC4 型圆机生产了另外三种袜子样品。统计分析显示,根据决定系数、相关系数(r)和平均平方误差和(MSE)值,织物参数,尤其是织物重量,可以有效解释压缩压力强度。在这项工作中,拉普拉斯定律和一些已有的数学模型被用来计算标准压缩袜和有接缝袜子的压缩压力,结果基本相似。数据点紧密集中在回归线附近,表明有接缝袜子的压缩压力变化很小。
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引用次数: 0
TEK ADIMLI DİNAMİK TERMOKİMYASAL İŞLEM İLE SiC-TiC TOZ SENTEZİ 通过一步动态热化学工艺合成 SiC-TiC 粉体
Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1296161
Betül Arslan, N. Canikoğlu
Üstün özelliklere sahip silisyum karbür (SiC) ve titanyum karbürün (TiC) daha iyi özelliklere sahip olması için bir araya getirilerek üretilmesi bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla, SiC-TiC karışım tozunun tek aşamada dinamik bir termokimyasal yöntem ile sentezlenebilmesi için bazı işlem parametreleri incelenmiştir. Başlangıç hammaddesi olarak silisyum oksit (SiO2), titanyum oksit (TiO2) ve karbon (C) kullanılarak farklı reçeteler ve üretim sıcaklıkları (1400, 1450 ve 1500°C) denenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalara başlamadan önce üretimi planlanan farklı reçeteler termodinamik bir yazılım olan FactSage programı ile incelenmiştir. Bu programa göre belirlenen reçeteler için hammadde karışımları, C/SiO2/TiO2 oranları 6:1:1 ve 9:2:1 olarak iki farklı reçetede hazırlanmıştır. Tozlar homojen karıştırılmasından sonra granüle edilmişlerdir. Hazırlanan granüller dinamik termokimyasal işlemlere tabi tutulmuşlar ve XRD, SEM ve EDS analizleri ile karakterize edilmişlerdir. Dolayısıyla SiC-TiC karışım tozu üretiminde optimum sonuç için üretim parametreleri 1450°C’de 1 saat Ar atmosferinde 4 dv/dk dönme hızı olarak belirlenmiştir.
本研究的目的是通过将碳化硅(SiC)和碳化钛(TiC)结合在一起,生产出性能更优越的碳化硅(SiC)和碳化钛(TiC)。为此,研究了一些工艺参数,以便通过动态热化学方法一步合成碳化硅-碳化钛混合粉末。以氧化硅(SiO2)、氧化钛(TiO2)和碳(C)为起始原料,测试了不同的配方和生产温度(1400、1450 和 1500°C)。在开始实验研究之前,使用热力学软件 FactSage 对计划生产的不同配方进行了分析。根据该程序确定的配方的原材料混合物按两种不同的配方制备,C/二氧化硅/二氧化钛的比例分别为 6:1:1 和 9:2:1。粉末经均匀混合后制成颗粒。制备的颗粒经过动态热化学处理,并通过 XRD、SEM 和 EDS 分析进行表征。因此,为了使 SiC-TiC 混合粉末的生产达到最佳效果,生产参数被确定为 4 dv/min 的旋转速度,在 1450°C 的氩气环境中持续 1 小时。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR CALCULATING LOADS ON IMPLANTS AND PROSTHESES USED FOR THE HUMAN SKELETON 开发用于人体骨骼的植入物和假体载荷计算方法
Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1277020
I. Tunc, Gursel Sefkat
The study proposes a novel computational approach for customizing sustainable knee disarticulation prostheses, aimed at improving the quality of life for users. A specialized calculation technique for assessing the loads and moments on the prosthesis was formulated, leveraging MATLAB for solving kinematic equations, Solidworks for motion analysis, and ANSYS Workbench for material and static analysis. The integration of these tools enabled the validation of the design and analytical outcomes. The kinematic solutions accounted for individual and prosthesis weights, analyzing linear and angular dynamics over a motion range pertinent to the prosthetic leg's function. Static analysis was executed to determine maximum force impact on the prosthesis. The study's results were conducive to identifying the most suitable prosthesis characteristics for individuals aged 20 to 80, with a height of 160-190 cm and a weight of 80-120 kg. The prosthetic design promoted ease of movement in activities requiring a range of motion, such as running and jumping. The prosthesis adapted swiftly to body movements, achieving readiness in approximately three seconds. The research underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between engineers and medical professionals to optimize the anatomical and kinematic aspects of prosthesis design.
该研究提出了一种定制可持续膝关节脱位假体的新型计算方法,旨在提高使用者的生活质量。该研究利用 MATLAB(用于求解运动方程)、Solidworks(用于运动分析)和 ANSYS Workbench(用于材料和静态分析),制定了评估假体负载和力矩的专门计算技术。这些工具的整合使设计和分析结果得到了验证。运动学解决方案考虑了个人和假肢的重量,分析了假肢功能相关运动范围内的线性和角度动态。还进行了静态分析,以确定对假肢的最大作用力。研究结果有助于确定最适合 20 至 80 岁、身高 160 至 190 厘米、体重 80 至 120 千克的人的假肢特征。假肢的设计使跑步和跳跃等需要一定运动幅度的活动更加轻松自如。假肢能迅速适应身体运动,在大约三秒钟内就能达到准备就绪的状态。这项研究强调了工程师和医疗专业人员之间跨学科合作的重要性,以优化假肢设计的解剖学和运动学方面。
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引用次数: 0
Evrişimli Sinir Ağının Üzüm Bitkisi Hastalık Sınıflandırması için Kullanılması 使用卷积神经网络进行葡萄植物病害分类
Pub Date : 2023-09-03 DOI: 10.17482/uumfd.1277418
Cemal İhsan Sofuoğlu, Derya Birant
Plant disease classification is the use of machine learning techniques for determining the type of disease from the input leaf images of the plants based on certain features. It is an important research area since early identification and treatment of plant disease is critical for saving crops, preventing agricultural disasters, and improving productivity in agriculture. This study proposes a new convolutional neural network model that accurately classifies the diseases on the plant leaves for the agriculture sectors. It especially works on the classification of plant diseases for grape leaves from images by designing a deep-learning architecture. A web application was also implemented to help the agricultural workers. The experiments carried out on real-world images showed that a significant improvement (8.7%) on average was achieved by the proposed model (98.53%) against the state-of-the-art models (89.84%) in terms of accuracy.
植物病害分类是利用机器学习技术,根据输入的植物叶片图像的某些特征来确定病害类型。这是一个重要的研究领域,因为早期识别和治疗植物病害对于挽救农作物、预防农业灾害和提高农业生产率至关重要。本研究提出了一种新的卷积神经网络模型,可对农业部门的植物叶片病害进行准确分类。通过设计深度学习架构,该模型特别适用于从图像中对葡萄叶片的植物病害进行分类。此外,还开发了一个网络应用程序来帮助农业工作者。在真实世界图像上进行的实验表明,与最先进的模型(89.84%)相比,所提出的模型(98.53%)在准确率方面平均取得了显著提高(8.7%)。
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Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering
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