Veterinary immunology and immunopathology最新文献

Factors influencing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis reactivity levels through passive immunization in Jersey calves

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110912

Seungmin Ha , Seogjin Kang , Mooyoung Jung , Ui-Hyung Kim

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), is a major viral disease affecting cattle worldwide. Passive immunity from colostrum is crucial for protecting neonatal calves; however, maternally derived antibodies can interfere with vaccine efficacy, making it vital to understand their dynamics to optimize vaccination timing. This study examined the persistence of IBR-specific antibodies in 55 Jersey calves from birth to 12 weeks of age (pre-vaccination stage) and analyzed factors influencing antibody levels. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of dam breed, parity, IBR reactivity, gestation length, calf sex, and birth weight on IBR reactivity in calves at 12 weeks. The results revealed that Jersey calves exhibited high IBR reactivity levels at birth, which gradually declined over the 12-week period. Dam breed, parity, and IBR reactivity at calving significantly influenced calf IBR reactivity levels at 12 weeks of age (p < 0.05). Calves that received colostrum from Holstein Friesian dams, higher-parity dams, or dams with elevated serum IBR reactivity exhibited higher IBR reactivity levels at 12 weeks of age. These findings highlight the critical role of maternal factors in shaping passive immunity and underscore the need for further research into colostrum quality and antibody absorption to improve vaccination strategies.

{"title":"Factors influencing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis reactivity levels through passive immunization in Jersey calves","authors":"Seungmin Ha , Seogjin Kang , Mooyoung Jung , Ui-Hyung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), is a major viral disease affecting cattle worldwide. Passive immunity from colostrum is crucial for protecting neonatal calves; however, maternally derived antibodies can interfere with vaccine efficacy, making it vital to understand their dynamics to optimize vaccination timing. This study examined the persistence of IBR-specific antibodies in 55 Jersey calves from birth to 12 weeks of age (pre-vaccination stage) and analyzed factors influencing antibody levels. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of dam breed, parity, IBR reactivity, gestation length, calf sex, and birth weight on IBR reactivity in calves at 12 weeks. The results revealed that Jersey calves exhibited high IBR reactivity levels at birth, which gradually declined over the 12-week period. Dam breed, parity, and IBR reactivity at calving significantly influenced calf IBR reactivity levels at 12 weeks of age (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Calves that received colostrum from Holstein Friesian dams, higher-parity dams, or dams with elevated serum IBR reactivity exhibited higher IBR reactivity levels at 12 weeks of age. These findings highlight the critical role of maternal factors in shaping passive immunity and underscore the need for further research into colostrum quality and antibody absorption to improve vaccination strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 110912"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TRIM21 interacts with IκBα and negatively regulates NF-κB activation in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis-infected macrophages

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110910

Chanyu Wu , Xiaohan Wang , Xincan Li , Hexian Li , Qiuyue Peng , Xiaoxin Niu , Yutong Wu , Zhiying Wang , Zuoyong Zhou

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, a zoonotic intracellular bacteria, is responsible for abscesses and pyogranuloma formation of the infected host, which is essentially a chronic inflammatory response. Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) negatively regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines production during C. pseudotuberculosis infection, the mechanism of which remains unclear. This study found that C. pseudotuberculosis infection in macrophages induced phosphorylation of IκB and p65. TRIM21 interacted with IκBα by PRY/SPRY domain, stabilizes IκBα and negatively regulates IκBα phosphorylation in macrophages during C. pseudotuberculosis infection. In addition, TRIM21 positively regulates the ubiquitination of IκBα via K48 linkage rather than K63 linkage in C. pseudotuberculosis-infected macrophages. In brief, our research confirmed that TRIM21 negatively regulates canonical NF-κB activation by interacting with IκBα and decreasing IκBα phosphorylation in macrophages during C. pseudotuberculosis infection. Preventing inflammation induced by C. pseudotuberculosis infection through regulation of the NF-κB pathway is a potential way to control this pathogen.

{"title":"TRIM21 interacts with IκBα and negatively regulates NF-κB activation in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis-infected macrophages","authors":"Chanyu Wu , Xiaohan Wang , Xincan Li , Hexian Li , Qiuyue Peng , Xiaoxin Niu , Yutong Wu , Zhiying Wang , Zuoyong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis</em>, a zoonotic intracellular bacteria, is responsible for abscesses and pyogranuloma formation of the infected host, which is essentially a chronic inflammatory response. Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) negatively regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines production during <em>C</em>. <em>pseudotuberculosis</em> infection, the mechanism of which remains unclear. This study found that <em>C</em>. <em>pseudotuberculosis</em> infection in macrophages induced phosphorylation of IκB and p65. TRIM21 interacted with IκBα by PRY/SPRY domain, stabilizes IκBα and negatively regulates IκBα phosphorylation in macrophages during <em>C. pseudotuberculosis</em> infection. In addition, TRIM21 positively regulates the ubiquitination of IκBα via K48 linkage rather than K63 linkage in <em>C. pseudotuberculosis</em>-infected macrophages. In brief, our research confirmed that TRIM21 negatively regulates canonical NF-κB activation by interacting with IκBα and decreasing IκBα phosphorylation in macrophages during <em>C. pseudotuberculosis</em> infection. Preventing inflammation induced by <em>C. pseudotuberculosis</em> infection through regulation of the NF-κB pathway is a potential way to control this pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 110910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Major membrane protein of Mycobacterium avium subp. paratuberculosis activates immune and autophagic pathways in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110901

Jong Hyuk Kim , Donghee Lee , Kevin Hall , Hyunji Jo , John P. Bannantine , William C. Davis , Cleverson de Souza

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), the etiological agent of Johne’s disease in ruminants, poses challenges to veterinary health and food safety. Despite an immune response that partially controls early infection, Map persists in macrophages through mechanisms not well understood. Here, we explored how the Map major membrane protein (MMP) modulates immune pathways in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMΦs). MMP is a key component of the bacterial cell membrane recognized in cattle with Johne’s disease, making it a critical antigenic target for immune studies. Using high-resolution transcriptomics, we identified that MMP stimulation rapidly activates genes linked to pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling, antigen processing, and presentation via MHC I and II pathways. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses highlighted upregulation of TNF, IL-17, and NF-κB signaling cascades, suggesting an immune signaling that may foster cytotoxic T cell development. Phosphorylation assays confirmed that MMP triggers MAPK activation within minutes, implicating both p38 and JNK1/2 in early macrophage responses. Machine learning approaches revealed subtle yet significant MMP-specific gene signatures including ATG5 and ATG12, implicated in autophagosome assembly. These findings point to a dynamic interplay between antibacterial autophagy and immunostimulatory pathways elicited by MMP in bovine macrophages. Importantly, our results suggest the relevance of MMP as a potential vaccine target, as it not only elicits immune-activating signals but also engages host defenses critical to restricting Map survival. Overall, this work provides an ex vivo framework for delineating the molecular underpinnings of Map infection, offering new insights into macrophage-based immunity and informing development of novel therapeutic and prophylactic strategies against paratuberculosis. Our data open avenues for translational studies, illuminating the interplay between MMP, macrophages, and protective host immunity.

{"title":"Major membrane protein of Mycobacterium avium subp. paratuberculosis activates immune and autophagic pathways in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages","authors":"Jong Hyuk Kim , Donghee Lee , Kevin Hall , Hyunji Jo , John P. Bannantine , William C. Davis , Cleverson de Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycobacterium avium</em> subspecies <em>paratuberculosis</em> (<em>Map</em>), the etiological agent of Johne’s disease in ruminants, poses challenges to veterinary health and food safety. Despite an immune response that partially controls early infection, <em>Map</em> persists in macrophages through mechanisms not well understood. Here, we explored how the <em>Map</em> major membrane protein (MMP) modulates immune pathways in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMΦs). MMP is a key component of the bacterial cell membrane recognized in cattle with Johne’s disease, making it a critical antigenic target for immune studies. Using high-resolution transcriptomics, we identified that MMP stimulation rapidly activates genes linked to pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling, antigen processing, and presentation via MHC I and II pathways. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses highlighted upregulation of TNF, IL-17, and NF-κB signaling cascades, suggesting an immune signaling that may foster cytotoxic T cell development. Phosphorylation assays confirmed that MMP triggers MAPK activation within minutes, implicating both p38 and JNK1/2 in early macrophage responses. Machine learning approaches revealed subtle yet significant MMP-specific gene signatures including <em>ATG5</em> and <em>ATG12</em>, implicated in autophagosome assembly. These findings point to a dynamic interplay between antibacterial autophagy and immunostimulatory pathways elicited by MMP in bovine macrophages. Importantly, our results suggest the relevance of MMP as a potential vaccine target, as it not only elicits immune-activating signals but also engages host defenses critical to restricting <em>Map</em> survival. Overall, this work provides an <em>ex vivo</em> framework for delineating the molecular underpinnings of <em>Map</em> infection, offering new insights into macrophage-based immunity and informing development of novel therapeutic and prophylactic strategies against paratuberculosis. Our data open avenues for translational studies, illuminating the interplay between MMP, macrophages, and protective host immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 110901"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting tribromoethanol as a safe and effective murine anesthetic for veterinary clinical and biomedical research

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110909

Catherine Black , Stephen B. Harvey , Steven D. Holladay , Elizabeth Howerth , Robert Jeff Hogan , Harrison C. Bergeron , Robert M. Gogal Jr

Mus musculus, the house mouse, is the most widely used mammalian model in biomedical research. Mice frequently undergo injectable anesthesia for numerous research procedures, with the most common anesthetic protocol being ketamine-xylazine (K/X). 2,2,2-Tribromoethanol (TBE), a non-regulated chemical, is also used, but has been linked to peritonitis. The focus of this study was to directly compare these two anesthetic protocols by evaluating induction rates, recovery times, organ weight data, and immune endpoints. Forty-five CD-1 female (8–10 week-old) mice were divided into three experiments. Two anesthetic events were performed 2 weeks apart. For each experiment, mice received an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of sterile phosphate buffered saline, (PBS; n = 3 mice), an IP injection of K/X (n = 6 mice), or an IP injection of sterile TBE (n = 6 mice). In a separate third anesthetic event (n = 5 mice/treatment), post-treatment peripheral blood and peritoneal lavage samples were collected for a 9-plex cytokine analysis. Mice were euthanized 2 weeks after the last anesthetic event. Induction rates were non-significantly but numerically more rapid with TBE as compared to K/X, at 2.7 ± 0.6 min and 4.0 ± 0.7 min, respectively. TBE mice had significantly more rapid recovery time (∼25 min) compared to K/X (∼50 min), which also had 50 % anesthetic mortalities. Organ weight ratios, immune phenotype, cytology, serum and peritoneal lavage cytokine levels, and histopathology were unremarkable. TBE performed better and more safely as a murine anesthetic for light anesthesia compared to K/X based on recovery times, no mortalities, and an absence of local and systemic inflammation.

{"title":"Revisiting tribromoethanol as a safe and effective murine anesthetic for veterinary clinical and biomedical research","authors":"Catherine Black , Stephen B. Harvey , Steven D. Holladay , Elizabeth Howerth , Robert Jeff Hogan , Harrison C. Bergeron , Robert M. Gogal Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mus musculus</em>, the house mouse, is the most widely used mammalian model in biomedical research. Mice frequently undergo injectable anesthesia for numerous research procedures, with the most common anesthetic protocol being ketamine-xylazine (K/X). 2,2,2-Tribromoethanol (TBE), a non-regulated chemical, is also used, but has been linked to peritonitis. The focus of this study was to directly compare these two anesthetic protocols by evaluating induction rates, recovery times, organ weight data, and immune endpoints. Forty-five CD-1 female (8–10 week-old) mice were divided into three experiments. Two anesthetic events were performed 2 weeks apart. For each experiment, mice received an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of sterile phosphate buffered saline, (PBS; n = 3 mice), an IP injection of K/X (n = 6 mice), or an IP injection of sterile TBE (n = 6 mice). In a separate third anesthetic event (n = 5 mice/treatment), post-treatment peripheral blood and peritoneal lavage samples were collected for a 9-plex cytokine analysis. Mice were euthanized 2 weeks after the last anesthetic event. Induction rates were non-significantly but numerically more rapid with TBE as compared to K/X, at 2.7 ± 0.6 min and 4.0 ± 0.7 min, respectively. TBE mice had significantly more rapid recovery time (∼25 min) compared to K/X (∼50 min), which also had 50 % anesthetic mortalities. Organ weight ratios, immune phenotype, cytology, serum and peritoneal lavage cytokine levels, and histopathology were unremarkable. TBE performed better and more safely as a murine anesthetic for light anesthesia compared to K/X based on recovery times, no mortalities, and an absence of local and systemic inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 110909"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pregnancy-induced changes in the toll-like receptor pathway in the ovine duodenum

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110900

Linna Gao , Haiquan Ding , Qianqian Shi , Xinxin Wang, Leying Zhang, Ling Yang

Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling plays a key role in the intestinal innate and adaptive immune responses, and pregnancy has effects on intestinal length and villus height. Nevertheless, it is unclear if early pregnancy modulates the expression of TLR members in the duodenum of ewes. In this study, ovine duodenums were obtained at day 16 of the estrous cycle (N16), and days 13, 16, and 25 of gestation (P13, P16, and P25) from ewes, and mRNA and protein expression of TLR members were analyzed. The results showed that early pregnancy increased the expression of TLR3, TLR5, and TRAF6, but did not influence TLR4 expression. In addition, there were increases in expression of TLR2, MyD88, and IRAK1 at P13 and P16, or only at P16 compared to N16 and P25. In summary, these data suggest that early pregnancy modulates the TLR signal pathway in the maternal duodenum, which may be related to the immunoregulation and adaptation of the maternal duodenum in the ovine.

Toll样受体（TLR）信号在肠道先天性免疫反应和适应性免疫反应中起着关键作用，妊娠对肠道长度和绒毛高度有影响。然而，目前还不清楚早期妊娠是否会调节母羊十二指肠中 TLR 成员的表达。本研究采集了发情周期第 16 天（N16）、妊娠第 13、16 和 25 天（P13、P16 和 P25）的母羊十二指肠，分析了 TLR 成员的 mRNA 和蛋白质表达。结果表明，妊娠早期会增加 TLR3、TLR5 和 TRAF6 的表达，但不会影响 TLR4 的表达。此外，与 N16 和 P25 相比，TLR2、MyD88 和 IRAK1 的表达在 P13 和 P16 增加，或仅在 P16 增加。总之，这些数据表明，妊娠早期会调节母体十二指肠中的TLR信号通路，这可能与绵羊母体十二指肠的免疫调节和适应有关。

引用次数: 0

Production of IgY in egg yolk of Gallus gallus Domesticus by oral vaccination and its characterization with outer membrane of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110899

Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam , Summiya Khalid , Nadia Dar , Zaigham Abbas , Iram Gull , Zoha Khan , Sehreen Ashraf , Zahoor Qadir Samra

Chicken respiratory disease “Ornithobacteriosis” caused by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) badly affect the poultry industry. In this study, ORT was isolated from chicken tracheal samples by streaking on 5 % sheep blood agar plates and characterized by morphological analysis, biochemical tests and identification by species specific PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Characterized ORT was cultured, fixed with formalin and mixed with the normal feed to be used as oral vaccine to egg laying hens for 10 days. After oral vaccination, anti-ORT IgY antibodies were extracted from eggs using PEG precipitation method. The IgY antibodies were further characterized by Native-PAGE, SDS-PAGE, ELISA and Western blot analysis. The successful production of IgY antibodies in eggs and interaction of IgY antibodies with outer membrane of ORT as antigen revealed that this oral vaccine can be used to induce humoral immunity in chickens against ORT. Furthermore, these developed anti-ORT antibodies could be used for the diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in the poultry industry. This oral vaccination technique can be translated to develop egg yolk antibodies against pathogenic bacteria in humans.

{"title":"Production of IgY in egg yolk of Gallus gallus Domesticus by oral vaccination and its characterization with outer membrane of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale","authors":"Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam , Summiya Khalid , Nadia Dar , Zaigham Abbas , Iram Gull , Zoha Khan , Sehreen Ashraf , Zahoor Qadir Samra","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chicken respiratory disease “Ornithobacteriosis” caused by <em>Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale</em> (ORT) badly affect the poultry industry. In this study, ORT was isolated from chicken tracheal samples by streaking on 5 % sheep blood agar plates and characterized by morphological analysis, biochemical tests and identification by species specific PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Characterized ORT was cultured, fixed with formalin and mixed with the normal feed to be used as oral vaccine to egg laying hens for 10 days. After oral vaccination, anti-ORT IgY antibodies were extracted from eggs using PEG precipitation method. The IgY antibodies were further characterized by Native-PAGE, SDS-PAGE, ELISA and Western blot analysis. The successful production of IgY antibodies in eggs and interaction of IgY antibodies with outer membrane of ORT as antigen revealed that this oral vaccine can be used to induce humoral immunity in chickens against ORT. Furthermore, these developed anti-ORT antibodies could be used for the diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in the poultry industry. This oral vaccination technique can be translated to develop egg yolk antibodies against pathogenic bacteria in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 110899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunohistochemical identification of immune cell subsets in formalin- and zinc-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from chicken and duck using commercial antibodies

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110898

Aoi Kurokawa, Yu Yamamoto

Immunohistochemical identification of immune cells in poultry has primarily been performed using frozen tissues, with limited identification in paraffin-embedded tissues. In this study, the following 18 commercially available primary antibodies associated with immune cell phenotypes were tested: anti-CD3, CD4 (clone CT-4 and 2‐35), TCRγδ, TCRαVβ1, TCRαVβ2, CD8, BAFF-R, PAX5, Bu-1a/b, Iba-1, MRC1L-B, CSF-1R, TIM4, MHC class II (clone 2D5 and 21‐1A6), MUM1, and CD45 antibodies in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and zinc-fixed, paraffin-embedded (ZFPE) chicken and duck lymphoid tissues. In chickens, 11 antibodies in FFPE tissue and 16 in ZFPE tissue reacted with the expected antigens under some of the antigen retrieval conditions tested. Antibodies against CD4 (clone CT-4), TCRγδ, TCRαVβ1, CSF-1R, and MHC class II (clone 21‐1A6) were effective only in ZFPE tissue. In ducks, cells in both FFPE and ZFPE tissues were immunolabeled by five antibodies under some of the conditions tested. Antigen retrieval suitable for cellular membrane antigen tended to be heat for FFPE tissues and no treatment for ZFPE tissues. Heat-induced antigen retrieval allowed for better detection of nuclear antigens in both FFPE and ZFPE sections. Our results indicate that commercially available antibodies can immunohistochemically detect some of chicken and duck immune cell subsets in paraffin-embedded sections.

{"title":"Immunohistochemical identification of immune cell subsets in formalin- and zinc-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from chicken and duck using commercial antibodies","authors":"Aoi Kurokawa, Yu Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunohistochemical identification of immune cells in poultry has primarily been performed using frozen tissues, with limited identification in paraffin-embedded tissues. In this study, the following 18 commercially available primary antibodies associated with immune cell phenotypes were tested: anti-CD3, CD4 (clone CT-4 and 2‐35), TCRγδ, TCRαVβ1, TCRαVβ2, CD8, BAFF-R, PAX5, Bu-1a/b, Iba-1, MRC1L-B, CSF-1R, TIM4, MHC class II (clone 2D5 and 21‐1A6), MUM1, and CD45 antibodies in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and zinc-fixed, paraffin-embedded (ZFPE) chicken and duck lymphoid tissues. In chickens, 11 antibodies in FFPE tissue and 16 in ZFPE tissue reacted with the expected antigens under some of the antigen retrieval conditions tested. Antibodies against CD4 (clone CT-4), TCRγδ, TCRαVβ1, CSF-1R, and MHC class II (clone 21‐1A6) were effective only in ZFPE tissue. In ducks, cells in both FFPE and ZFPE tissues were immunolabeled by five antibodies under some of the conditions tested. Antigen retrieval suitable for cellular membrane antigen tended to be heat for FFPE tissues and no treatment for ZFPE tissues. Heat-induced antigen retrieval allowed for better detection of nuclear antigens in both FFPE and ZFPE sections. Our results indicate that commercially available antibodies can immunohistochemically detect some of chicken and duck immune cell subsets in paraffin-embedded sections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 110898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunoprotective potential of egg yolk antibodies (IgYs) in controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110897

Zain Ul Abadeen , Muhammad Tariq Javed , Tariq Jamil , Syed Muhammad Faizan

The present study was designed to evaluate the immunoprotective role of specific egg yolk antibodies (IgYs). Eighty, day-old broiler chicks were purchased and divided into four groups (G₀, G₁, G₂ and G₃). G₀ served as control negative, while C. perfringens type A (1 ×10⁸ cfu/mL) was given via oral route from days 17–19 of the experiment in group G₁ (control positive). Groups G₂ and G₃ were passively immunized with 1 mL of anti-clostridial IgYs per bird via per os (days 21–24) and IM routes (days 22 and 24), respectively. The birds in group G₁ had higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) values and reduced relative weight of immune organs. The values of various immunological assays inlcuding hemagglutination inhibition titer values against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), titer values of total immunoglobulins and IgY after anti-sheep RBCs (anti-SRBCs) injection and phagocytic potential of circulating macrophages were lower in G₁ compared to G₀. In groups G₂ and G₃ (passively immunized), these pathological alterations were comparatively less severe or absent indicating the immuno-protective role of anti-clostridial IgYs against experimental infection. The results suggest that IgYs could be an effective alternative to antibiotics for controlling necrotic enteritis in poultry, with potential benefits in view of animal health and production costs.

{"title":"Immunoprotective potential of egg yolk antibodies (IgYs) in controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens","authors":"Zain Ul Abadeen , Muhammad Tariq Javed , Tariq Jamil , Syed Muhammad Faizan","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study was designed to evaluate the immunoprotective role of specific egg yolk antibodies (<em>IgYs</em>). Eighty, day-old broiler chicks were purchased and divided into four groups (G<sub>0</sub>, G<sub>1</sub>, G<sub>2</sub> and G<sub>3</sub>). G<sub>0</sub> served as control negative, while <em>C. perfringens</em> type A (1 ×10<sup>8</sup> cfu/mL) was given via oral route from days 17–19 of the experiment in group G<sub>1</sub> (control positive). Groups G<sub>2</sub> and G<sub>3</sub> were passively immunized with 1 mL of anti-clostridial <em>IgYs</em> per bird via per os (days 21–24) and IM routes (days 22 and 24), respectively. The birds in group G<sub>1</sub> had higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) values and reduced relative weight of immune organs. The values of various immunological assays inlcuding hemagglutination inhibition titer values against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), titer values of total immunoglobulins and <em>IgY</em> after anti-sheep RBCs (anti-SRBCs) injection and phagocytic potential of circulating macrophages were lower in G<sub>1</sub> compared to G<sub>0</sub>. In groups G<sub>2</sub> and G<sub>3</sub> (passively immunized), these pathological alterations were comparatively less severe or absent indicating the immuno-protective role of anti-clostridial <em>IgYs</em> against experimental infection. The results suggest that <em>IgYs</em> could be an effective alternative to antibiotics for controlling necrotic enteritis in poultry, with potential benefits in view of animal health and production costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 110897"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An attenuated live strain of HY9901 mutant Δgr provides protection against Vibrio alginolyticus in pearl gentian grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatu)

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110887

Mei Tang, Jianru Feng, Xudong Wang, Yu Ding

Vibrio alginolyticus is a serious aquaculture bacterial pathogen, which is widely distributed in the ocean and rivers, and cause vibriosis in aquaculture. Therefore, it is imperative to develop effective vaccine to prevent vibriosis. In this study, the efficacy of gr deletion strain (Δgr) of V. alginolyticus as an attenuated live vaccine was evaluated in peal gentian grouper by intraperitoneal injection immunization, followed by a wild strain injection challenge. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used for analyzing the expression dynamics of immune-related genes. ELISA was used to assess the serum antibody titer and non-specific enzyme activities were determined by kit. The results showed that the safe dose of Δgr was 1.0 × 10⁶ CFU/mL for pearl gentian grouper, and the immune protection rate of Δgr was 73.08 %, providing significant protection against V. alginolyticus. The expression levels of all the immune-related genes MHC-Iα, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-16 and MyD88 were upregulated in liver, spleen, head kidney and thymus within 42 days post-vaccination. In addition, specific antibody IgM, activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and lysozyme were also significantly increased compared with the control group. It is not only safe for groupers, but also can effectively stimulate both specific and non-specific immunity of fish. These results indicated that Δgr could be used as an effective attenuated live vaccine candidate to prevent pearl gentian grouper against V. alginolyticus in aquaculture.

{"title":"An attenuated live strain of HY9901 mutant Δgr provides protection against Vibrio alginolyticus in pearl gentian grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatu)","authors":"Mei Tang, Jianru Feng, Xudong Wang, Yu Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> is a serious aquaculture bacterial pathogen, which is widely distributed in the ocean and rivers, and cause vibriosis in aquaculture. Therefore, it is imperative to develop effective vaccine to prevent vibriosis. In this study, the efficacy of <em>gr</em> deletion strain (<em>Δgr</em>) of <em>V. alginolyticus</em> as an attenuated live vaccine was evaluated in peal gentian grouper by intraperitoneal injection immunization, followed by a wild strain injection challenge. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used for analyzing the expression dynamics of immune-related genes. ELISA was used to assess the serum antibody titer and non-specific enzyme activities were determined by kit. The results showed that the safe dose of <em>Δgr</em> was 1.0 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/mL for pearl gentian grouper, and the immune protection rate of <em>Δgr</em> was 73.08 %, providing significant protection against <em>V. alginolyticus</em>. The expression levels of all the immune-related genes <em>MHC-Iα</em>, <em>TNF-α</em>, <em>IL-1β</em>, <em>IL-16</em> and <em>MyD88</em> were upregulated in liver, spleen, head kidney and thymus within 42 days post-vaccination. In addition, specific antibody IgM, activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and lysozyme were also significantly increased compared with the control group. It is not only safe for groupers, but also can effectively stimulate both specific and non-specific immunity of fish. These results indicated that <em>Δgr</em> could be used as an effective attenuated live vaccine candidate to prevent pearl gentian grouper against <em>V. alginolyticus</em> in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 110887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-infections with Bordetella bronchiseptica in canine: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 1.4 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110886

Ji Young Jang , Dona Lee , Se Yeol Oh , Han Sang Yoo

Background

Bordetella bronchiseptica is a primary pathogen in canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD), or kennel cough, capable of independently causing respiratory illness and contributing significantly to co-infections with other viral and bacterial agents. Despite its critical role in disease transmission and persistence, the epidemiology of B. bronchiseptica in CIRD remains poorly understood. Limited data on co-infection prevalence and associated risk factors hinder effective management and control of this pathogen.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the prevalence and risk factors of co-infections with B. bronchiseptica in dogs.

Methods

A comprehensive bibliographic search was conducted across four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Data extraction included the number of co-infected cases among those with B. bronchiseptica, the identified co-infecting pathogens, study period, geographical location, shelter type, and age.

Results

From 3994 identified articles, 26 studies were included. The overall prevalence of B. bronchiseptica co-infection was 47 % (95 % CI: 37 %-57 %). Significant differences were observed only in the study period, with co-infection rates higher in the 1900s (77 %) compared to the 2000s (45 %). No significant differences were found for other factors. Frequently co-infecting pathogens included Mycoplasma and canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV).

Conclusion

Co-infections with B. bronchiseptica are common in CIRD, indicating a need for the development of combined vaccines targeting co-infecting pathogens. Furthermore, the establishment of effective prevention and control strategies can be universally applied across different geographical locations, shelter types, and ages. This study provides valuable insights that can inform future research and enhance the overall management and treatment of CIRD in dogs.

{"title":"Co-infections with Bordetella bronchiseptica in canine: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ji Young Jang , Dona Lee , Se Yeol Oh , Han Sang Yoo","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2025.110886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Bordetella bronchiseptica</em> is a primary pathogen in canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD), or kennel cough, capable of independently causing respiratory illness and contributing significantly to co-infections with other viral and bacterial agents. Despite its critical role in disease transmission and persistence, the epidemiology of <em>B. bronchiseptica</em> in CIRD remains poorly understood. Limited data on co-infection prevalence and associated risk factors hinder effective management and control of this pathogen.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the prevalence and risk factors of co-infections with <em>B. bronchiseptica</em> in dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive bibliographic search was conducted across four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Data extraction included the number of co-infected cases among those with <em>B. bronchiseptica</em>, the identified co-infecting pathogens, study period, geographical location, shelter type, and age.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 3994 identified articles, 26 studies were included. The overall prevalence of <em>B. bronchiseptica</em> co-infection was 47 % (95 % CI: 37 %-57 %). Significant differences were observed only in the study period, with co-infection rates higher in the 1900s (77 %) compared to the 2000s (45 %). No significant differences were found for other factors. Frequently co-infecting pathogens included Mycoplasma and canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Co-infections with <em>B. bronchiseptica</em> are common in CIRD, indicating a need for the development of combined vaccines targeting co-infecting pathogens. Furthermore, the establishment of effective prevention and control strategies can be universally applied across different geographical locations, shelter types, and ages. This study provides valuable insights that can inform future research and enhance the overall management and treatment of CIRD in dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 110886"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0