Marija Lazarević, D. Milovanovic, Dejana Ružić-Zečević
Background/Aim. Previous studies showed that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was more common in patients with different comorbidities and those using medications that disrupt the homeostasis of vitamin B12. The aim of our study was to determine which of these factors are significantly associated with MCI, as well as which are the most significant risk factors for prediction of its occurrence. Methods. The data have been prospectively collected for 200 adults (males, females, 35-65 years old) in primary care settings enrolled in the clinical study with the case-control approach. Results. By applying the ?2 test for independency, we have determined that the MCIs and use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) (p<0.0005) and also metformin (p<0.0005), are independent factors; in addition, significantly higher percent of subjects who have MCI have peptic ulcer and diabetes, too. Direct logistic regression has been implemented in order to estimate the influence of many probability factors whether the study patients would have the MCI. The two variables have given statistically significant contribution to the model, and these are the serum concentrations of vitamin B12 (OR=0.953; 95%CI 0.936-0.971; p<0.001) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) (OR=6.681; 95%CI 1.305-34,198; p=0.023). Conclusion. The absolute and relative risk-associations of exposure to medicines and MCI is lower than of comorbidities and MCI. The highest statistically significant influence for predicting the MCI have the serum concentrations of vitamin B12, and the presence T2DM.
背景/目的。先前的研究表明，轻度认知障碍(MCI)在患有不同合并症和服用破坏维生素B12体内平衡药物的患者中更为常见。我们研究的目的是确定这些因素中哪些与轻度认知障碍显著相关，以及哪些是预测其发生的最重要的危险因素。方法。前瞻性地收集了200名成人(男性、女性、35-65岁)的数据，他们来自初级保健机构，采用病例对照法参加了临床研究。结果。通过应用独立性检验，我们确定MCIs和质子泵抑制剂(PPIs)的使用(p<0.0005)和二甲双胍(p<0.0005)是独立因素;此外，患有轻度认知障碍的受试者中有消化性溃疡和糖尿病的比例也明显更高。为了估计研究患者是否会发生轻度认知障碍，我们采用了直接逻辑回归来估计许多概率因素的影响。这两个变量对模型的贡献具有统计学意义，分别是血清维生素B12浓度(OR=0.953;95%可信区间0.936 - -0.971;p<0.001)和2型糖尿病(T2DM) (OR=6.681;95% ci 1.305 -34198;p = 0.023)。结论。暴露于药物和轻度认知损伤的绝对和相对风险相关性低于合并症和轻度认知损伤。血清维生素B12浓度和是否存在T2DM对MCI的预测具有最高的统计学意义。
{"title":"The factors associated with mild cognitive impairment in outpatient practice","authors":"Marija Lazarević, D. Milovanovic, Dejana Ružić-Zečević","doi":"10.2298/vsp221107099l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp221107099l","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim. Previous studies showed that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was more common in patients with different comorbidities and those using medications that disrupt the homeostasis of vitamin B12. The aim of our study was to determine which of these factors are significantly associated with MCI, as well as which are the most significant risk factors for prediction of its occurrence. Methods. The data have been prospectively collected for 200 adults (males, females, 35-65 years old) in primary care settings enrolled in the clinical study with the case-control approach. Results. By applying the ?2 test for independency, we have determined that the MCIs and use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) (p<0.0005) and also metformin (p<0.0005), are independent factors; in addition, significantly higher percent of subjects who have MCI have peptic ulcer and diabetes, too. Direct logistic regression has been implemented in order to estimate the influence of many probability factors whether the study patients would have the MCI. The two variables have given statistically significant contribution to the model, and these are the serum concentrations of vitamin B12 (OR=0.953; 95%CI 0.936-0.971; p<0.001) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) (OR=6.681; 95%CI 1.305-34,198; p=0.023). Conclusion. The absolute and relative risk-associations of exposure to medicines and MCI is lower than of comorbidities and MCI. The highest statistically significant influence for predicting the MCI have the serum concentrations of vitamin B12, and the presence T2DM.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68340046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remembrance of six prominent Serbian toxicologists who died during 2020 and 2021","authors":"V. Todorović","doi":"10.2298/vsp220422085t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp220422085t","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>nema</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68338351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive pathogen that is causing various human diseases. This bacteria causes pneumonia, which is characterized by localized tissue necrosis. The aim of the study was to explore the expression of mouse ?-defensin 3 (mBD-3) induced by S. aureus in mouse lungs and the effect of mBD-3 expression on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Methods. A S. aureus pneumonia mouse model was developed, and the expression of mBD-3 and the MAPK pathway was investigated by immunofluorescence and western blot. Results. The S. aureus pneumonia mouse model was created successfully. The number of white blood cells was elevated at 48h and 72 h, and bronchiolar mucosal hyperemia was observed, along with a large number of white blood cells and mucus in the bronchioles. The expression levels of mBD-3 at 48h and 72 h were greater than the levels in the control and at 24 h. The amount of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was increased at 48h and 72 h compared with the level in the control and at 24 h. The expression of mBD-3 was lower when ERK1/2 phosphorylation was inhibited by U0126. Conclusion. The S. aureus signaling pathway accelerates mBD-3 expression mainly through an ERK-dependent pathway in the mouse lung.
{"title":"Effect of Staphylococcus aureus in pneumonia mouse model on promotion of mBD-3 expression through ERK1/2 pathway","authors":"Yongqing Ni, Xiao-dong Bi, Pengwei Zhao","doi":"10.2298/vsp210601051n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp210601051n","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive pathogen that is causing various human diseases. This bacteria causes pneumonia, which is characterized by localized tissue necrosis. The aim of the study was to explore the expression of mouse ?-defensin 3 (mBD-3) induced by S. aureus in mouse lungs and the effect of mBD-3 expression on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Methods. A S. aureus pneumonia mouse model was developed, and the expression of mBD-3 and the MAPK pathway was investigated by immunofluorescence and western blot. Results. The S. aureus pneumonia mouse model was created successfully. The number of white blood cells was elevated at 48h and 72 h, and bronchiolar mucosal hyperemia was observed, along with a large number of white blood cells and mucus in the bronchioles. The expression levels of mBD-3 at 48h and 72 h were greater than the levels in the control and at 24 h. The amount of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was increased at 48h and 72 h compared with the level in the control and at 24 h. The expression of mBD-3 was lower when ERK1/2 phosphorylation was inhibited by U0126. Conclusion. The S. aureus signaling pathway accelerates mBD-3 expression mainly through an ERK-dependent pathway in the mouse lung.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68335002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmina Maksic, N. Maksimović, L. Rasulić, O. Milankov, A. Marjanovic, D. Cvetkovic, V. Rakocevic-Stojanovic, I. Novaković
Background/Aim. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. They are X-linked recessive diseases, where males are affected and females are mostly healthy carriers of the mutation. It is estimated that 2/3 mothers of DMD probands are carriers, while 1/3 of patients have de novo mutations. The aim was to confirm the carrier status of females in the families of DMD/BMD probands, using direct genetic methods. Methods. We tested 38 females from 31 families of DMD/BMD probands with deletion/duplication in the dystrophin gene. Also, 4 cases of prenatal diagnosis of DMD/BMD were included. We preformed the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the multiplex ligation-dependent method (MLPA) for deletion detection, i.e. deletion/duplication in the dystrophin gene. Results. In 31 DMD/BMD probands, we identified 87.1% deletions and 12.9% duplications of one or more exons. Of the 29 tested mothers, mutations were found in 17 (14 deletions and 3 duplications). Mutations were found in 57.9% (11/19) mothers of DMD and in 60% (6/10) mothers of BMD, respectively. Also, in probands with deletions 56% (14/25) of mothers were carries and in probands with duplications 3 mothers of 4 (75%). Of the 9 other female relatives, mutations were found in 4. In prenatal diagnosis, we identified deletion in one male and one female foetus of one mother. Conclusion. The study showed that mothers were carriers in almost 60% of sporadic cases of DMD/BMD with deletions and duplication. Also, the carrier frequency tended to be higher in mothers of the probands with duplication (75%) then in probands with deletions (56%). In the case of a mother who was confirmed as a carrier, deletion was detected in 2 of 3 foetuses.
{"title":"The importance of direct genetic testing to determine female carriers in dystrophinopathies","authors":"Jasmina Maksic, N. Maksimović, L. Rasulić, O. Milankov, A. Marjanovic, D. Cvetkovic, V. Rakocevic-Stojanovic, I. Novaković","doi":"10.2298/vsp190208030m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp190208030m","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. They are X-linked recessive diseases, where males are affected and females are mostly healthy carriers of the mutation. It is estimated that 2/3 mothers of DMD probands are carriers, while 1/3 of patients have de novo mutations. The aim was to confirm the carrier status of females in the families of DMD/BMD probands, using direct genetic methods. Methods. We tested 38 females from 31 families of DMD/BMD probands with deletion/duplication in the dystrophin gene. Also, 4 cases of prenatal diagnosis of DMD/BMD were included. We preformed the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the multiplex ligation-dependent method (MLPA) for deletion detection, i.e. deletion/duplication in the dystrophin gene. Results. In 31 DMD/BMD probands, we identified 87.1% deletions and 12.9% duplications of one or more exons. Of the 29 tested mothers, mutations were found in 17 (14 deletions and 3 duplications). Mutations were found in 57.9% (11/19) mothers of DMD and in 60% (6/10) mothers of BMD, respectively. Also, in probands with deletions 56% (14/25) of mothers were carries and in probands with duplications 3 mothers of 4 (75%). Of the 9 other female relatives, mutations were found in 4. In prenatal diagnosis, we identified deletion in one male and one female foetus of one mother. Conclusion. The study showed that mothers were carriers in almost 60% of sporadic cases of DMD/BMD with deletions and duplication. Also, the carrier frequency tended to be higher in mothers of the probands with duplication (75%) then in probands with deletions (56%). In the case of a mother who was confirmed as a carrier, deletion was detected in 2 of 3 foetuses.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68319135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim. Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease. Oxidative stress is an important factor in periodontitis progress, hence examining the antioxidative properties of antiseptics, such as chlorhexidine (CHX) and silver ions solution (SSI), is a beneficial biomarker in estimating the recovery of tissue impairment during periodontal disease treatment. Methods. This clinical trial was conducted on the control group referred to healthy volunteers and individuals with periodontal disease, divided into two subgroups: before and after applying antiseptic treatments (CHX or SSI). Measurements of oxidative/antioxidative parameters were addressed to determine thiobarbituric acid products (TBARS) concentration and total superoxide dismutase (tSOD) activity in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontal patients. Results. TBARS concentration was increased in saliva before the CHX treatment compared to the periodontal group after the CHX treatment, as well as before both CHX and SSI antiseptic treatment in CGF, compared to controls and periodontal groups after the treatment. Patients before SSI treatment had increased tSOD activity in saliva compared to the control group treated with SSI, as well as compared to patients after the SSI treatment. Additionally, tSOD activity was increased in GCF in patients with periodontitis before antiseptic treatment (CHX, SSI) compared to the control or the group of patients after the appropriate treatment. Conclusion. Our results revealed elevated lipid peroxidation in CGF, which reflected the promotion of oxidative stress during periodontal inflammation. The study suggests that antiseptics with antioxidant properties may reduce tissue damage initiated by periodontal disease. Moreover, the determination of oxidative/antioxidative parameters can be important for diagnosing, monitoring, and prognosis of the clinical state of periodontal patients.
{"title":"Oxidative/anti-oxidative effects of colloidal silver ions and chlorhexidine in saliva and gingival fluid of periodontal patients","authors":"Vladan Kovacević, D. Daković, I. Stevanović","doi":"10.2298/vsp200921137k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp200921137k","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim. Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease. Oxidative stress is an important factor in periodontitis progress, hence examining the antioxidative properties of antiseptics, such as chlorhexidine (CHX) and silver ions solution (SSI), is a beneficial biomarker in estimating the recovery of tissue impairment during periodontal disease treatment. Methods. This clinical trial was conducted on the control group referred to healthy volunteers and individuals with periodontal disease, divided into two subgroups: before and after applying antiseptic treatments (CHX or SSI). Measurements of oxidative/antioxidative parameters were addressed to determine thiobarbituric acid products (TBARS) concentration and total superoxide dismutase (tSOD) activity in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontal patients. Results. TBARS concentration was increased in saliva before the CHX treatment compared to the periodontal group after the CHX treatment, as well as before both CHX and SSI antiseptic treatment in CGF, compared to controls and periodontal groups after the treatment. Patients before SSI treatment had increased tSOD activity in saliva compared to the control group treated with SSI, as well as compared to patients after the SSI treatment. Additionally, tSOD activity was increased in GCF in patients with periodontitis before antiseptic treatment (CHX, SSI) compared to the control or the group of patients after the appropriate treatment. Conclusion. Our results revealed elevated lipid peroxidation in CGF, which reflected the promotion of oxidative stress during periodontal inflammation. The study suggests that antiseptics with antioxidant properties may reduce tissue damage initiated by periodontal disease. Moreover, the determination of oxidative/antioxidative parameters can be important for diagnosing, monitoring, and prognosis of the clinical state of periodontal patients.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68330497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dragan B. Sekulic, I. Marjanović, Ivan Leković, D. Paunovic, B. Milev, A. Tomić
Background/Aim. Although distal venous "patch" and cuff techniques are recommended to improve the patency of by-pass in the lower extremities, the advantage of these techniques remains unproven. Autovenous by-pass graft remains the method of choice but when there is no possibility of using a great saphenous vein the venous patch method may have an advantage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the results of femoro-popliteal bypass procedures with venous patch in critical lower extremity ischemia.Methods. The study described the results of this procedure after a follow-up period of 6 to 24 months. We followed 28 patients with distal composite anastomosis of femoro-distal arterial reconstruction. Indications for surgical treatment were set on the basis of the clinical exam and morphological criteria on the basis of multidetected computed angiography. Three types of distal graft-arterial anastomoses were applied: Miler?s cuff, Taylor?s patch, and St. Marry vein boot anastomosis. Results. After 6 months of surgery, all by-passes were passable. 2 (7%) patients had graft occlusion after one year and above-knee amputation, 8 (28%) patients dead after a period of one year. 18 (64%) patients had primary by-pass patency after 24 months. Conclusion. Femoro-popliteal by-pass procedures using a synthetic graft and venous patch have good long-term results. The optimal anstomosis is type St. Marry boot. A longer follow-up period and comparison with the autovenous bypass are necessary for a more detailed assessment of the final conclusion.
{"title":"Below-knee bypasses using venous “cuffs\"","authors":"Dragan B. Sekulic, I. Marjanović, Ivan Leković, D. Paunovic, B. Milev, A. Tomić","doi":"10.2298/vsp210507050s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp210507050s","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim. Although distal venous \"patch\" and cuff techniques are recommended to improve the patency of by-pass in the lower extremities, the advantage of these techniques remains unproven. Autovenous by-pass graft remains the method of choice but when there is no possibility of using a great saphenous vein the venous patch method may have an advantage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the results of femoro-popliteal bypass procedures with venous patch in critical lower extremity ischemia.Methods. The study described the results of this procedure after a follow-up period of 6 to 24 months. We followed 28 patients with distal composite anastomosis of femoro-distal arterial reconstruction. Indications for surgical treatment were set on the basis of the clinical exam and morphological criteria on the basis of multidetected computed angiography. Three types of distal graft-arterial anastomoses were applied: Miler?s cuff, Taylor?s patch, and St. Marry vein boot anastomosis. Results. After 6 months of surgery, all by-passes were passable. 2 (7%) patients had graft occlusion after one year and above-knee amputation, 8 (28%) patients dead after a period of one year. 18 (64%) patients had primary by-pass patency after 24 months. Conclusion. Femoro-popliteal by-pass procedures using a synthetic graft and venous patch have good long-term results. The optimal anstomosis is type St. Marry boot. A longer follow-up period and comparison with the autovenous bypass are necessary for a more detailed assessment of the final conclusion.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68334219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Petrovic, D. Todorović, Sunčica B Srećković, Tatjana Sarenac-Vulovic, Mihailo Jovanović, Danijela Randjelović
Background/Aim: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is very useful for accurate examination of macular microstructure. The aim of this study was to evaluate macular morphologic changes after successful retinal detachment (RD) surgery by scleral buckling using SD-OCT and assess their impact on vision repair. Methods: SD-OCT examination was performed 1, 6 and 12 months in 27 eyes following scleral buckling (SB) surgery with successful anatomical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) which also affected the macular region. The examination was performed in a 6mm diameter central macular region and included measurements of the central foveal thickness (CFT), average overall retinal thickness and thickness of the outer and inner retinal layers separately. The numerical values of operated eyes were compared with those of the fellow (control) eyes. The condition of the outer limiting membrane (ELM) and inner segment/outer segment of the photoreceptors (IS/OS) was also examined. Results: The mean total and outer retinal thickness (TRT and ORT) in the reattached regions in the operated eyes were significantly thinner than the corresponding regions of the fellow (control) eye, and throughout the follow-up period the difference was statistically significant. There was a statistically significant difference in TRT (after 1 month p=0.021, after 6 months p=0.026, after 12 months p=0.027) and ORT (after 1 month p=0.018, after 6 months p=0.019, after 12 months p=0.021) between the eyes with a longer pre-operative duration of macular detachment of 2 weeks and eyes with shorter detachment period. Disruptions of the photoreceptors IS/OS and ELM on OCT examination after one month were observed in 37.04% eyes, after 6 months in 29.6% eyes, and at the end of the follow-up period in 14.8% eyes. A statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of disruptions of the IS/OS and ELM depending on the preoperative duration of RD (p= 0.007). Conclusion: Overall decrease in the mean retinal thickness after successful anatomical repair of RD is result of decreases in the thicknesses of outer retinal layers. The alterations of the external limiting membrane and inner and outer photoreceptors segments observed on the early SD-OCT scans are mostly associated with limited visual recovery. The prolonged macular detachment leads to damage to the neurosensory tissue of the retina and especially the photoreceptors, which may explain the limited visual recovery after successful scleral buckling RD repair.
{"title":"Macular morphologic changes following successful retinal detachment repair by scleral buckling surgery","authors":"N. Petrovic, D. Todorović, Sunčica B Srećković, Tatjana Sarenac-Vulovic, Mihailo Jovanović, Danijela Randjelović","doi":"10.2298/vsp210827003p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp210827003p","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is very useful for accurate examination of macular microstructure. The aim of this study was to evaluate macular morphologic changes after successful retinal detachment (RD) surgery by scleral buckling using SD-OCT and assess their impact on vision repair. Methods: SD-OCT examination was performed 1, 6 and 12 months in 27 eyes following scleral buckling (SB) surgery with successful anatomical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) which also affected the macular region. The examination was performed in a 6mm diameter central macular region and included measurements of the central foveal thickness (CFT), average overall retinal thickness and thickness of the outer and inner retinal layers separately. The numerical values of operated eyes were compared with those of the fellow (control) eyes. The condition of the outer limiting membrane (ELM) and inner segment/outer segment of the photoreceptors (IS/OS) was also examined. Results: The mean total and outer retinal thickness (TRT and ORT) in the reattached regions in the operated eyes were significantly thinner than the corresponding regions of the fellow (control) eye, and throughout the follow-up period the difference was statistically significant. There was a statistically significant difference in TRT (after 1 month p=0.021, after 6 months p=0.026, after 12 months p=0.027) and ORT (after 1 month p=0.018, after 6 months p=0.019, after 12 months p=0.021) between the eyes with a longer pre-operative duration of macular detachment of 2 weeks and eyes with shorter detachment period. Disruptions of the photoreceptors IS/OS and ELM on OCT examination after one month were observed in 37.04% eyes, after 6 months in 29.6% eyes, and at the end of the follow-up period in 14.8% eyes. A statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of disruptions of the IS/OS and ELM depending on the preoperative duration of RD (p= 0.007). Conclusion: Overall decrease in the mean retinal thickness after successful anatomical repair of RD is result of decreases in the thicknesses of outer retinal layers. The alterations of the external limiting membrane and inner and outer photoreceptors segments observed on the early SD-OCT scans are mostly associated with limited visual recovery. The prolonged macular detachment leads to damage to the neurosensory tissue of the retina and especially the photoreceptors, which may explain the limited visual recovery after successful scleral buckling RD repair.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68336479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Golubovic, T. Ilić, B. Golubović, M. Gajić, Z. Gajic
Background / Aim. Depression as a common comorbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been found to have effects on the disease diagnosis and treatment response. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate the occurence of depressive symptoms among patients with RA and the association between RA and depression. Methods. A cross-sectional study included 69 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The depressive symptoms in patients with RA were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and RA activity was measured by Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28-ESR) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI). Results. It was found that 42% of respondents reported having depressive symptoms of different severity, among which the majority presented with mild symptoms (23.2%). Our study showed that there was a mild positive correlation, between the BDI and the DAS28-ESR (r = 0.39 p = 0.001), as well as the BDI and the CDAI (r = 0.40 p = 0.001). Place of residence (t=-2.14 p=0.03) and working status (t=-2.81 p=0.00) associated with depressive symptoms were also found to have statistically significant differences within the group of respondents. In addition, age has a positive correlation with the disease activity, as well as the place of residence and employment status. Conclusion. It has been observed that depression symptoms in patients with RA were associated with disease activity, employment status, and place of residence. Therefore, there is an important need for integration of rheumatologic and mental health services for future research towards a better understanding of both depression and RA.
背景/目的抑郁症作为类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者常见的合并症，已被发现对疾病的诊断和治疗反应有影响。因此，本研究的目的是调查RA患者抑郁症状的发生以及RA与抑郁之间的关系。方法。横断面研究包括69例类风湿关节炎患者。采用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)评估RA患者的抑郁症状，采用疾病活动性评分-28 (DAS28-ESR)和临床疾病活动性指数(CDAI)测量RA活动性。结果。结果发现，42%的应答者报告有不同程度的抑郁症状，其中大多数表现为轻度症状(23.2%)。我们的研究表明，BDI与DAS28-ESR (r = 0.39 p = 0.001)以及BDI与CDAI (r = 0.40 p = 0.001)之间存在轻度正相关。与抑郁症状相关的居住地(t=-2.14 p=0.03)和工作状态(t=-2.81 p=0.00)在被调查者组内也存在统计学差异。此外，年龄与疾病活动度、居住地和就业状况呈正相关。结论。据观察，类风湿性关节炎患者的抑郁症状与疾病活动、就业状况和居住地有关。因此，风湿病学和心理健康服务的整合对于未来研究更好地理解抑郁症和类风湿关节炎是非常必要的。
{"title":"The occurrence of depressive symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study","authors":"S. Golubovic, T. Ilić, B. Golubović, M. Gajić, Z. Gajic","doi":"10.2298/vsp211125019g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp211125019g","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim. Depression as a common comorbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been found to have effects on the disease diagnosis and treatment response. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate the occurence of depressive symptoms among patients with RA and the association between RA and depression. Methods. A cross-sectional study included 69 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The depressive symptoms in patients with RA were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and RA activity was measured by Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28-ESR) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI). Results. It was found that 42% of respondents reported having depressive symptoms of different severity, among which the majority presented with mild symptoms (23.2%). Our study showed that there was a mild positive correlation, between the BDI and the DAS28-ESR (r = 0.39 p = 0.001), as well as the BDI and the CDAI (r = 0.40 p = 0.001). Place of residence (t=-2.14 p=0.03) and working status (t=-2.81 p=0.00) associated with depressive symptoms were also found to have statistically significant differences within the group of respondents. In addition, age has a positive correlation with the disease activity, as well as the place of residence and employment status. Conclusion. It has been observed that depression symptoms in patients with RA were associated with disease activity, employment status, and place of residence. Therefore, there is an important need for integration of rheumatologic and mental health services for future research towards a better understanding of both depression and RA.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68337528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Čanković, Mijatovic Jovanovic, S. Harhaji, S. Šušnjević, S. Ukropina, S. Kvrgić, D. Čanković
Background/Aim. The mental health of medical students worsens during their studies, and research shows that medical students are at high risk for depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and to examine the association between various risk factors and depressive symptoms among a sample of first and sixth-year medical students at the University of Novi Sad. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medical Faculty University of Novi Sad, Serbia. The sample consisted of 308 students (213 students in the first year and 95 in the final year of study). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Within this instrument, item 9 was used to identify suicidal ideation. Self-esteem was evaluated with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Additional questions were focused on self-assessed material status, lifestyle factors, and mental healthcare-seeking. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied. Results. The prevalence of depressive episode among medical students was 16.6%. Almost 9% had thoughts of committing suicide. First-year students with low self-esteem were almost seven times more likely to suffer from moderate to severe depressive symptoms than those with high self-esteem. Students who had used sleeping pills or sedatives without prescription were nearly five times more likely to have a PHQ-9 score ?10 than those who had not (OR=4.97, 95%CI: 1.83-13.52). Six-year students with poor or average self-assessed social relationships and low self-esteem had a stronger association with a PHQ-9 score ?10. Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of depressive episode among first and six-year medical students and is associated with low self-esteem in both groups, use of sleeping or sedative pills without a prescription among first-year and poor social health in six-year students. We recommend routine screening for depression in medical students and establishing prevention and intervention programs.
{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among medical students in their first and final year of study","authors":"S. Čanković, Mijatovic Jovanovic, S. Harhaji, S. Šušnjević, S. Ukropina, S. Kvrgić, D. Čanković","doi":"10.2298/vsp220209046c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp220209046c","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim. The mental health of medical students worsens during their studies, and research shows that medical students are at high risk for depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and to examine the association between various risk factors and depressive symptoms among a sample of first and sixth-year medical students at the University of Novi Sad. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Medical Faculty University of Novi Sad, Serbia. The sample consisted of 308 students (213 students in the first year and 95 in the final year of study). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Within this instrument, item 9 was used to identify suicidal ideation. Self-esteem was evaluated with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Additional questions were focused on self-assessed material status, lifestyle factors, and mental healthcare-seeking. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied. Results. The prevalence of depressive episode among medical students was 16.6%. Almost 9% had thoughts of committing suicide. First-year students with low self-esteem were almost seven times more likely to suffer from moderate to severe depressive symptoms than those with high self-esteem. Students who had used sleeping pills or sedatives without prescription were nearly five times more likely to have a PHQ-9 score ?10 than those who had not (OR=4.97, 95%CI: 1.83-13.52). Six-year students with poor or average self-assessed social relationships and low self-esteem had a stronger association with a PHQ-9 score ?10. Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of depressive episode among first and six-year medical students and is associated with low self-esteem in both groups, use of sleeping or sedative pills without a prescription among first-year and poor social health in six-year students. We recommend routine screening for depression in medical students and establishing prevention and intervention programs.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68337694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Komarčević, R. Jokić, M. Pajić, M. Jovanović, M. Milenković
Background / Aim. Children with burns are submitted to multiple, painful and anxiety related procedures during wound dressing, treatment, and rehabilitation. The objective of analgesic treatments for procedural pain is the safe and efficient management of pain and emotional stress, which requires a careful, balanced, and systematic approach. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of analgesic and/or local anestetic on relieving the intensity of procedural pain. Methods. In the study, 120 pediatric patients with second-degree burns were allocated into four groups of 30. During wound dressings, patients in the control group did not receive any analgesics, while in the remaining groups 30 minutes prior to wound dressing, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, local anesthetic, or both were administered. Results. The average visual analog scale (VAS) score in the control group was statistically significantly higher on all tested days in comparison with children in all groups who were treated. On the first test day, all children had high VAS values and the limit was 89.50/100. There was a remarkable difference on the fifth day of dressing with the limit of 57.50/100, and on the seventh day the limit was 43.50/100. Children who experienced the lowest intensity of pain during dressing changes of burn wounds for all test days were those in the group who recieved both systemic analgesic and local anesthetic. Conclusion. The study confirmed the importance of the introduction of complex polymodal protocol in the treatment of procedural pain in second degree burns. The protocol should include analgesics as well as anesthetics since they both contribute in achieving the best results in pain reduction and treatment outcome.
{"title":"Analgesic protocol for procedural pain treatment of second degree burns in children","authors":"A. Komarčević, R. Jokić, M. Pajić, M. Jovanović, M. Milenković","doi":"10.2298/vsp220305043k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/vsp220305043k","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim. Children with burns are submitted to multiple, painful and anxiety related procedures during wound dressing, treatment, and rehabilitation. The objective of analgesic treatments for procedural pain is the safe and efficient management of pain and emotional stress, which requires a careful, balanced, and systematic approach. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of analgesic and/or local anestetic on relieving the intensity of procedural pain. Methods. In the study, 120 pediatric patients with second-degree burns were allocated into four groups of 30. During wound dressings, patients in the control group did not receive any analgesics, while in the remaining groups 30 minutes prior to wound dressing, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, local anesthetic, or both were administered. Results. The average visual analog scale (VAS) score in the control group was statistically significantly higher on all tested days in comparison with children in all groups who were treated. On the first test day, all children had high VAS values and the limit was 89.50/100. There was a remarkable difference on the fifth day of dressing with the limit of 57.50/100, and on the seventh day the limit was 43.50/100. Children who experienced the lowest intensity of pain during dressing changes of burn wounds for all test days were those in the group who recieved both systemic analgesic and local anesthetic. Conclusion. The study confirmed the importance of the introduction of complex polymodal protocol in the treatment of procedural pain in second degree burns. The protocol should include analgesics as well as anesthetics since they both contribute in achieving the best results in pain reduction and treatment outcome.","PeriodicalId":23531,"journal":{"name":"Vojnosanitetski pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68338042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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