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Traditional versus Social Media News Coverage: An Analysis of the Topic Selection Priorities 传统媒体与社交媒体新闻报道:选题优先级分析
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).14
Sadaf Asif, NoorUl Ain, A. Siddiqua
The current study was carried out on framing the ongoing debate on the inter-relationship which exists between social media and traditional media news coverages. Its particular focus is to analyze how both mediums focus on their topic selection when it comes to prioritizing an issue to be presented at the top. By employing the content analysis technique of the Facebook posts and newspaper articles the study tried to sort out to what extent differences exist in traditional media and social media coverage with respect to the selection of the topic in Pakistan. The researchers used Chi-square tests to weigh up the use of alternative media and the frame selection of social media in the selected timeline. The study concluded that social media and traditional media react differently when covering social issues. Social media showed better interaction patterns on grass root issues whereas traditional media focused more on covering political issues.
目前的研究是在构建关于社交媒体和传统媒体新闻报道之间存在的相互关系的持续辩论上进行的。它的特别重点是分析两种媒体在优先考虑要在顶部呈现的问题时如何关注他们的主题选择。通过使用Facebook帖子和报纸文章的内容分析技术,本研究试图梳理巴基斯坦传统媒体和社交媒体报道在主题选择方面存在多大程度的差异。研究人员使用卡方检验来衡量替代媒体的使用和在选定的时间轴上对社交媒体的框架选择。该研究得出结论,社交媒体和传统媒体在报道社会问题时的反应不同。社交媒体在基层问题上表现出更好的互动模式,而传统媒体则更多地关注政治问题。
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引用次数: 0
An Empirical Analysis of the Financial Revolving Door Hypothesis: An Evidence from Pakistan 金融旋转门假说的实证分析:来自巴基斯坦的证据
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).17
Faizan Ali, Faran Ali, Asima Ihsan
A simultaneous equation technique was used to investigate the relationship between capital flight (CF) and external debt (the financial revolving door theory) in Pakistan. Time series data from 1984 to 2020 are used to determine the algorithm. Using an appropriate approach, the research contributes to the measurement of capital flight from Pakistan. Three Stages Least Square is used in this study to examine institutions' relationships with capital market literature. (3SLS method). The study found that poor governance, inflation, external debt, and interest rate differentials caused CF and capital outflow by creating an unstable and unfavourable environment for savings and investment. CF causes external borrowings and world capital market borrowing. Capital retention is crucial due to this and ecological development policies. The Granger Causality Test validates Pakistan's Financial Revolving Door Hypothesis. The study concludes with policy suggestions.
利用联立方程技术研究了巴基斯坦资本外逃与外债之间的关系(金融旋转门理论)。使用1984 - 2020年的时间序列数据来确定算法。运用适当的方法,本研究有助于衡量巴基斯坦的资本外逃。本研究使用三阶段最小二乘法来检验制度与资本市场文献的关系。(3 sls方法)。研究发现,治理不善、通货膨胀、外债和利率差异造成了不稳定和不利的储蓄和投资环境,从而导致了CF和资本外流。CF导致外部借款和世界资本市场借款。由于这一点和生态发展政策,资本保留至关重要。格兰杰因果检验验证了巴基斯坦金融旋转门假说。该研究最后提出了政策建议。
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引用次数: 0
A Planning Study on Spatial Attributes of Bus Stop Location for Efficient Public Transportation System 高效公共交通系统公交站点区位的空间属性规划研究
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).33
Zobia, Ubaid Ullah, Shabbir Ullah
The most convenient and important part of the public transportation system is that provided by public buses, the most practical and cost-effective type of public transportation system. An expert system alone cannot accurately locate a bus stop. The "Natural Movement" theory of Space Syntax provides a deep understanding of "centrality" and urban activity, predicting the city's most dynamic streets and areas that serve as centres of urban activity. This study analyzed the city of Mansehra, Pakistan to provide a scientific evidence-based approach to planning of efficient transportation system. To find the best routes and bus stops, we computed centrality through spatial analysis and urban activity index, and vehicular and pedestrian traffic volume indices. The results of this research highlighted areas that are considered optimal traffic routes, busy city streets, and city centres, and represent the best locations for bus stop spacing in the city.
公共交通系统中最方便和最重要的部分是公共汽车,它是最实用和最具成本效益的公共交通系统。仅靠专家系统无法准确定位公交车站。空间句法的“自然运动”理论提供了对“中心性”和城市活动的深刻理解,预测了作为城市活动中心的城市最具活力的街道和区域。本研究分析了巴基斯坦Mansehra市,为高效交通系统的规划提供了一种基于科学证据的方法。为了找到最佳路线和公交站点,我们通过空间分析和城市活动指数,以及车辆和行人交通量指数来计算中心性。这项研究的结果突出了被认为是最佳交通路线、繁忙的城市街道和城市中心的区域,并代表了城市中公交车站间隔的最佳位置。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the World of Artificial Intelligence: The Perception of the University Students about ChatGPT for Academic Purpose 探索人工智能的世界:大学生对学术目的ChatGPT的看法
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).34
Atika A. Imran, A. Lashari
The study aims to explore the impact of ChatGPT on the writing skills of undergraduate students. This is a qualitative study in which 24 randomly selected students from two private sector universities in Karachi were interviewed and analyzed. The sample size was small but diversified, which was comprised of male and female BS (final year) students from humanities and sciences backgrounds.The data was classified into four categories to show different levels of responses from positive to negative. The result showed a mixed trend in which the majority of students were of the opinion that ChatGPT hinders creative writing, whereas the other group, was of the opinion that it is beneficial if used but under proper supervision / controlled conditions. The responses seem quite reasonable because ChatGPT is still in its infancy stage and may take some time to fully understand its technical aspects. However, more in-depth studies are required for its effective application in different academic areas.
本研究旨在探讨ChatGPT对大学生写作技能的影响。这是一项定性研究,其中随机选择24名来自卡拉奇两所私立大学的学生进行访谈和分析。样本量虽小,但很多样化,由人文科学背景的学士学位(最后一年)学生男女组成。这些数据被分为四类,以显示从积极到消极的不同反应水平。结果显示了一个复杂的趋势,其中大多数学生认为聊天技术阻碍了创造性写作,而另一组学生则认为如果在适当的监督/控制条件下使用聊天技术是有益的。这些回答似乎相当合理,因为ChatGPT仍处于起步阶段,可能需要一些时间才能完全理解它的技术方面。然而,要使其在不同的学术领域得到有效的应用,还需要更深入的研究。
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引用次数: 1
Imagination, Creativity and Adventurous Advertising: Analysing Pakistani Youngsters 想象力,创造力和冒险广告:分析巴基斯坦年轻人
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).22
Sehreen Far Bukhari, Madiha Maqsood, Basma Khan
Imagination involves holding onto an idea until it is transformed into a possibility. By forming an imaginary world full of adventures, advertising creatively plays with viewers' imaginations. Such a material and commercial gain may have dangerous outcomes as well as whatever the audience sees on television, majority considers it truth, correct or believable. After watching flashy advertisements pre-adults are compelled to purchase expensive products as well it affects their imagination and creativity. Under the umbrella of cultivation theory the study asserts that exposure to adventurous television advertisements is creating adventurism in Pakistani youth, leading to imitation of stunts,frustration and persistence.
想象包括坚持一个想法,直到它变成一种可能性。广告通过塑造一个充满冒险的想象世界,创造性地玩弄着观众的想象力。这种物质和商业利益可能会产生危险的后果,无论观众在电视上看到什么,大多数人都认为它是真理,正确或可信的。在看了华丽的广告后,pre-成年人被迫购买昂贵的产品,也影响了他们的想象力和创造力。在培养理论的保护下,这项研究断言,接触冒险的电视广告正在巴基斯坦年轻人中创造冒险主义,导致模仿特技,沮丧和坚持。
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引用次数: 0
Employability of a Research Method and Methodology in a Socio-Legal Study 研究方法和方法论在社会法律研究中的就业能力
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).31
Samza Fatima
Research methods and methodology are inherent in research whether it is in the form of a research paper, a dissertation or a book. This paper enables readers to choose how to select a particular research method, methodology, and research approach or research philosophy for a respective study. For this purpose, a presumptive study or hypothesis has been chosen as an example to employ research methods and methodology. For instance, the aim of a study is to investigate the corporate governance framework of Pakistan, to develop a board effectiveness model and to explore the role of institutional investors in order to make the execution of the code of corporate governance true sense. This paper presents the epistemological grounds of this study and the rationale for a qualitative exploratory study using an interpretative and descriptive approach to the enforcement mechanisms of corporate governance, the role and effectiveness of the board of directors and the part of institutional investors in the corporate sector of Pakistan. Furthermore, it provides details of the data collection and data analysis methods used for the said study, establishes the trustworthiness of the study and justifies the ethical considerations involved in the study. This paper would be a meaningful contribution to this existing knowledge, as the reader of this paper will be able to understand how to opt for a suitable methodology for a study.
研究方法和方法论是研究中固有的,无论是以研究论文、论文还是一本书的形式。本文使读者能够选择如何选择特定的研究方法,方法论和研究方法或研究哲学为各自的研究。为此,选择了一个推定研究或假设作为例子,以采用研究方法和方法论。例如,一项研究的目的是调查巴基斯坦的公司治理框架,开发董事会有效性模型,探讨机构投资者的作用,以使公司治理准则的执行真正有意义。本文介绍了本研究的认识论基础以及定性探索性研究的基本原理,采用解释和描述的方法对公司治理的执行机制、董事会的作用和有效性以及巴基斯坦公司部门机构投资者的部分进行了研究。此外,它提供了用于上述研究的数据收集和数据分析方法的详细信息,建立了研究的可信度,并证明了研究中涉及的伦理考虑。这篇论文将是对现有知识的有意义的贡献,因为这篇论文的读者将能够理解如何为研究选择合适的方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Great Game of 19th Century: The Significance of Tribal Belt as Buffer to the Buffer State of Afghanistan 19世纪的大博弈:部落地带对阿富汗缓冲国的缓冲意义
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).09
Abid Afridi
The Great Game of 19th century between the Imperial British and Czarist Russia encapsulated the geo-political tactics and strategies of expansion which paved the way for their intense rivalry and competition in Central Asia. Great Game was power politics to gain influence, authority and ascendancy in the region. It was a game having rules and boundaries for the worthy players (Ahmad, 2017). The geo-strategic location of Afghanistan and Tribal Belt made them pawns on the geo-political chessboard of the Great Game. Afghanistan’s location was vital for carving out a buffer state, moreover it was considered more pragmatic to declare the adjacent Tribal Belt a buffer to the buffer. The Great Game revolved around moving one’s pawns on the chessboard with acumen. Afghanistan being the buffer state and the Tribal Belt as buffer to the buffer were used to avoid escalation and to move the pawns on the chessboard whenever expedient.
19世纪大英帝国和沙皇俄国之间的大博弈体现了地缘政治战术和扩张战略,为两国在中亚的激烈对抗和竞争铺平了道路。大博弈是在该地区获得影响力、权威和优势的权力政治。这是一个为有价值的玩家设定规则和界限的游戏。阿富汗和部落带的地缘战略位置使他们成为大博弈地缘政治棋盘上的棋子。阿富汗的地理位置对于建立一个缓冲国至关重要,此外,宣布相邻的部落地带作为缓冲地带更为务实。这场伟大的游戏围绕着在棋盘上机敏地移动棋子展开。阿富汗作为缓冲国,部落地带作为缓冲地带,被用来避免冲突升级,并在适当的时候移动棋盘上的棋子。
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引用次数: 0
Transitivity in Pakistani English: A Corpus-based Approach towards Mapping Frequency Profiles 巴基斯坦语英语及物性:基于语料库的频率分布图绘制方法
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).02
Tazanfal Tehseem, Mubina Talaat
This paper aims at building frequency profiles based on transitivity patterns of a small number of text corpora belonging to Pakistani English newspaper editorials. The profiles have been built by using UAM Corpus Tool (O’ Donnell, 2008) to explore transitivity features. The empirical analysis then has been compared with the frequency profiles of English language (Matthiessen, 2006 and Stubbs, 1996) to establish common features. The present work draws inspiration by Michael Halliday who is known as one of the pioneer corpus linguists since his early work on the Chinese language (Halliday 1956, cited in Halliday 1993). Mapping his (ibid) study on the BNC model he concluded that the relative frequencies of past and non-past are about 50-50 and the relative frequencies of positive and negative are about 9-1 (reported in Halliday 1993). Similarly, the present study looks closer to Standard English, and this is partially because the editorials are written by professional writers, and are well edited before printing.
本文的目的是基于少数巴基斯坦英语报纸社论语篇语料库的及物性模式建立频率谱。使用UAM语料库工具(O ' Donnell, 2008)构建了这些配置文件,以探索及物性特征。然后将实证分析与英语语言的频率分布进行比较(Matthiessen, 2006和Stubbs, 1996),以建立共同特征。韩礼德(Michael Halliday)是中国语料库语言学家的先驱之一,他对汉语的早期研究(Halliday 1956,引自Halliday 1993)为本文提供了灵感。他将他(同上)的研究映射到BNC模型上,得出过去和非过去的相对频率约为50-50,积极和消极的相对频率约为9-1 (Halliday 1993报道)。同样,目前的研究看起来更接近标准英语,部分原因是社论是由专业作家撰写的,并且在印刷前经过精心编辑。
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引用次数: 0
Pashtun Tahafuz Movement: An Analysis of Twitter Usage During a Protest Movement 普什图Tahafuz运动:抗议运动中推特的使用分析
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).36
Z. Hameed, Ghulam Maaz Jan, Waheed Hussain
This study aims to examine how the ethnic-based Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (PTM) uses collective action frames on Twitter to define problems, assign blame, convey a plan of action, and inspire participation. Social movement framing theory was the guiding theory of the study. The study employed quantitative content analysis. The analysis of tweets revealed that Pashtun Tahafuz Movement was clear about the issues of the Pashtun community and who was responsible for those issues. However, they have few solutions and remedies to offer that could mitigate those problems. As for motivational framing, the study found Twitter to be a campaigning and information-sharing platform for PTM’s public demonstrations. This study contributes to the social movement literature by highlighting how social media, specifically Twitter, can empower and improve the visibility of the previously excluded community disregarded by the established institutes i.e., legacy media and social institutions.
本研究旨在探讨以族群为基础的普什图塔哈夫兹运动(PTM)如何利用Twitter上的集体行动框架来界定问题、分配责任、传达行动计划和激发参与。社会运动框架理论是本研究的指导理论。本研究采用定量含量分析。对推文的分析显示,普什图Tahafuz运动清楚地了解普什图社区的问题,以及谁应对这些问题负责。然而,他们几乎没有解决方案和补救措施来缓解这些问题。至于动机框架,研究发现Twitter是PTM公开示威的活动和信息共享平台。本研究通过强调社交媒体(特别是Twitter)如何增强和提高先前被老牌机构(即传统媒体和社会机构)所忽视的被排斥群体的可见度,为社会运动文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 1
Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Academia: A Case Study of Critical Teaching and Learning in Higher Education 人工智能在学术界的整合:高等教育批判性教与学的个案研究
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-i).32
M. Irfan, Liam Murray, Sajjad Ali
This study scrutinizes the role of AI literacy and ChatGPT-3 in enhancing critical reasoning and journalistic writing competencies among 50 third-term journalism students at Tajik National University. Given the escalating relevance of AI across sectors, including journalism, we aim to highlight the potential advantages of incorporating AI utilities in journalism pedagogy. We utilized a mixed- methods approach, comprising both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, for a comprehensive examination of the influence of AI literacy and ChatGPT-3 on student skill development.We gathered insights via surveys and interviews, revealing the impact of AI on learning outcomes. Our findings suggest a significant improvement in students' critical thinking and journalistic writing skills with ChatGPT-3 usage. The integration of AI tools in the classroom encourages in-depth analysis and collaboration, thereby enhancing students' writing skills. The results underline the importance of AI literacy in journalism education, preparing students for the rapidly transforming, AI-centric journalism industry.
本研究考察了人工智能读写能力和ChatGPT-3在提高塔吉克斯坦国立大学50名三年级新闻系学生批判性推理和新闻写作能力方面的作用。鉴于人工智能在包括新闻业在内的各个领域的相关性不断增强,我们的目标是强调将人工智能实用程序纳入新闻教育学的潜在优势。我们采用了一种混合方法,包括定量和定性数据收集技术,全面研究了人工智能读写能力和ChatGPT-3对学生技能发展的影响。我们通过调查和访谈收集了见解,揭示了人工智能对学习成果的影响。我们的研究结果表明,使用ChatGPT-3可以显著提高学生的批判性思维和新闻写作技能。人工智能工具在课堂上的整合鼓励了深入分析和协作,从而提高了学生的写作技能。研究结果强调了人工智能素养在新闻教育中的重要性,让学生为快速转型、以人工智能为中心的新闻业做好准备。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Global Social Sciences Review
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