首页 > 最新文献

Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

英文 中文
Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Salmonella spp. Recovered From Migratory and Captive Wild Birds. 从迁徙和圈养野生鸟类中发现的沙门氏菌的毒性和抗菌药耐药性模式。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70102
Ruhena Begum, Nilima Akther Asha, Diponkar Chandra Chanda Dipu, Milton Roy, Asikur Rahman, Md Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury, Hemayet Hossain, Md Rafiqul Islam, Md Bashir Uddin, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Md Mukter Hossain

Background: Salmonella spp., especially those are resistant to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), are considered as major concern to global health due to their emergence and dissemination.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of Salmonella spp. from migratory and captive wild birds.

Method: A total 262 faecal samples were collected, and the identification of Salmonella spp. was carried out using a standard culture and PCR as well as molecular detection of virulence and AMR genes.

Results: The overall prevalence of Salmonella was determined to be 30.92% (95% CI = 25.63-36.75). Migratory birds exhibited highest prevalence (38.10%), whereas wild birds in captivity showed a lower prevalence (23.40%). The agfA gene was detected at a higher rate at 24.69%. Salmonella spp. exhibited 100% resistance to tetracycline, followed by 58% ampicillin and 46% streptomycin. In addition, there was a resistance rate to ceftriaxone of 17% and to colistin sulphate of 25%. Interestingly, levofloxacin alone displayed 100% sensitivity across all isolates, while ciprofloxacin and azithromycin showed 73% and 64% sensitivity, respectively. The MAR index was 0.25 and 0.42, and 74.07% of all isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR). It was shown that migratory and captive wild birds contained ESBL genes blaTEM (94.34% and 49.06%) and blaSHV (13.33% and 10%), respectively. Genes responsible for sulphonamide (sul1) resistance were detected in 13.33% and 79% of wild and migratory birds, respectively.

Conclusion: Salmonella has been found in captive wild and migratory birds and could act as reservoirs for the transmission of MDR and ESBL bacteria.

背景:沙门氏菌属,尤其是对广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)具有耐药性的沙门氏菌属,因其出现和传播而被认为是全球健康的主要问题:方法:共收集了 262 份粪便样本,采用标准培养和 PCR 方法对沙门氏菌进行鉴定,并对毒力基因和 AMR 基因进行分子检测:结果:沙门氏菌的总体流行率为 30.92%(95% CI = 25.63-36.75)。候鸟的发病率最高(38.10%),而人工饲养的野鸟发病率较低(23.40%)。agfA 基因的检出率较高,为 24.69%。沙门氏菌属对四环素的抗药性为 100%,其次是 58%的氨苄西林和 46%的链霉素。此外,对头孢曲松的耐药率为 17%,对硫酸可乐定的耐药率为 25%。有趣的是,单用左氧氟沙星对所有分离菌株的敏感性为 100%,而环丙沙星和阿奇霉素的敏感性分别为 73% 和 64%。MAR指数分别为0.25和0.42,74.07%的分离株表现出多药耐药性(MDR)。研究表明,候鸟和人工饲养的野生鸟类分别含有 94.34% 和 49.06% 的 ESBL 基因 blaTEM 和 13.33% 和 10%的 ESBL 基因 blaSHV。在13.33%和79%的野生鸟类和候鸟中分别检测到对磺胺(sul1)产生抗性的基因:结论:在人工饲养的野生鸟类和候鸟中发现了沙门氏菌,它们可能成为 MDR 和 ESBL 细菌的传播源。
{"title":"Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Salmonella spp. Recovered From Migratory and Captive Wild Birds.","authors":"Ruhena Begum, Nilima Akther Asha, Diponkar Chandra Chanda Dipu, Milton Roy, Asikur Rahman, Md Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury, Hemayet Hossain, Md Rafiqul Islam, Md Bashir Uddin, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Md Mukter Hossain","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salmonella spp., especially those are resistant to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), are considered as major concern to global health due to their emergence and dissemination.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of Salmonella spp. from migratory and captive wild birds.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total 262 faecal samples were collected, and the identification of Salmonella spp. was carried out using a standard culture and PCR as well as molecular detection of virulence and AMR genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of Salmonella was determined to be 30.92% (95% CI = 25.63-36.75). Migratory birds exhibited highest prevalence (38.10%), whereas wild birds in captivity showed a lower prevalence (23.40%). The agfA gene was detected at a higher rate at 24.69%. Salmonella spp. exhibited 100% resistance to tetracycline, followed by 58% ampicillin and 46% streptomycin. In addition, there was a resistance rate to ceftriaxone of 17% and to colistin sulphate of 25%. Interestingly, levofloxacin alone displayed 100% sensitivity across all isolates, while ciprofloxacin and azithromycin showed 73% and 64% sensitivity, respectively. The MAR index was 0.25 and 0.42, and 74.07% of all isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR). It was shown that migratory and captive wild birds contained ESBL genes blaTEM (94.34% and 49.06%) and blaSHV (13.33% and 10%), respectively. Genes responsible for sulphonamide (sul1) resistance were detected in 13.33% and 79% of wild and migratory birds, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salmonella has been found in captive wild and migratory birds and could act as reservoirs for the transmission of MDR and ESBL bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of cinnamon, rosemary and oregano on growth performance, blood biochemistry, liver enzyme activities, excreta microbiota and ileal morphology of Campylobacter jejuni-challenged broiler chickens. 肉桂、迷迭香和牛至对空肠弯曲菌感染肉鸡生长性能、血液生化指标、肝酶活性、排泄物微生物群和回肠形态的影响
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70034
Zahra Alimohammadi,Hassan Shirzadi,Kamran Taherpour,Enayat Rahmatnejad,Ali Khatibjoo
BACKGROUNDPhytogenic additives would be helpful to mitigate the detrimental impact of Campylobacter jejuni on broiler chickens.OBJECTIVEThe experiment aimed to assess the effects of cinnamon, rosemary and oregano powder on physiological responses of broiler chickens challenged with C. jejuni from 0 to 42 days of age.METHODSA total of 192 one-day-old male broiler chickens were divided into 6 treatment groups. The treatments included: negative control (NC; basal diet without additives and no C. jejuni challenge), positive control (PC; basal diet with C. jejuni challenge), PC with cinnamon, rosemary or oregano powder (3 g/kg each), and PC with Erythromycin (55 mg/kg). Except for the NC group, all chicks were orally challenged with 2 × 108 CFU/mL C. jejuni daily from days 21-25. Feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), energy efficiency ratio (EER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were assessed during the rearing period (0-42 days). On day 42 of age, fresh excreta samples were collected from each pen to determine apparent dry matter digestibility and excreta microbiota. In addition, at the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to evaluate blood profile and liver enzyme activities.RESULTSC. jejuni challenge (PC treatment) decreased BWG, EER and PER, while increasing FCR of broiler chickens (p < 0.05), whereas rosemary, oregano and Erythromycin improved these performance parameters akin to NC. PC diet showed negative effect in ileal morphology, alleviated by additives except cinnamon (p < 0.05). Dietary additives successfully reduced Campylobacter levels and increased Lactobacilli counts in the PC. Rosemary and oregano lowered plasma total cholesterol (p < 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase elevation by C. jejuni challenge in the PC group was prevented by rosemary, oregano and Erythromycin (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSOregano and rosemary alleviate the impact of C. jejuni challenge.
目的本实验旨在评估肉桂粉、迷迭香粉和牛至粉对 0 到 42 日龄空肠弯曲菌感染肉鸡生理反应的影响。方法将 192 只 1 日龄雄性肉鸡分为 6 个处理组。处理包括:阴性对照组(NC;不含添加剂且无空肠杆菌挑战的基础日粮)、阳性对照组(PC;有空肠杆菌挑战的基础日粮)、添加肉桂粉、迷迭香粉或牛至粉的 PC 组(各 3 克/千克)和添加红霉素的 PC 组(55 毫克/千克)。除 NC 组外,所有雏鸡均在第 21-25 天每天口服 2 × 108 CFU/mL 空肠病菌。在育雏期(0-42 天)评估采食量、体重增加(BWG)、饲料转化率(FCR)、能量效率比(EER)和蛋白质效率比(PER)。第 42 日龄时,从每个圈舍收集新鲜排泄物样本,以测定表观干物质消化率和排泄物微生物群。结果 空肠酵母菌挑战(PC 处理)降低了肉鸡的体重、ER 和 PER,同时提高了 FCR(p < 0.05),而迷迭香、牛至和红霉素则改善了这些性能参数,与 NC 类似。PC 日粮对回肠形态有负面影响,除肉桂外,其他添加剂都能减轻这种影响(p < 0.05)。日粮添加剂成功地降低了 PC 中弯曲杆菌的水平并增加了乳酸杆菌的数量。迷迭香和牛至降低了血浆总胆固醇(p < 0.05)。迷迭香、牛至和红霉素可防止 PC 组空肠弯曲菌引起的丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(p < 0.05)。
{"title":"Effects of cinnamon, rosemary and oregano on growth performance, blood biochemistry, liver enzyme activities, excreta microbiota and ileal morphology of Campylobacter jejuni-challenged broiler chickens.","authors":"Zahra Alimohammadi,Hassan Shirzadi,Kamran Taherpour,Enayat Rahmatnejad,Ali Khatibjoo","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPhytogenic additives would be helpful to mitigate the detrimental impact of Campylobacter jejuni on broiler chickens.OBJECTIVEThe experiment aimed to assess the effects of cinnamon, rosemary and oregano powder on physiological responses of broiler chickens challenged with C. jejuni from 0 to 42 days of age.METHODSA total of 192 one-day-old male broiler chickens were divided into 6 treatment groups. The treatments included: negative control (NC; basal diet without additives and no C. jejuni challenge), positive control (PC; basal diet with C. jejuni challenge), PC with cinnamon, rosemary or oregano powder (3 g/kg each), and PC with Erythromycin (55 mg/kg). Except for the NC group, all chicks were orally challenged with 2 × 108 CFU/mL C. jejuni daily from days 21-25. Feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), energy efficiency ratio (EER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were assessed during the rearing period (0-42 days). On day 42 of age, fresh excreta samples were collected from each pen to determine apparent dry matter digestibility and excreta microbiota. In addition, at the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to evaluate blood profile and liver enzyme activities.RESULTSC. jejuni challenge (PC treatment) decreased BWG, EER and PER, while increasing FCR of broiler chickens (p < 0.05), whereas rosemary, oregano and Erythromycin improved these performance parameters akin to NC. PC diet showed negative effect in ileal morphology, alleviated by additives except cinnamon (p < 0.05). Dietary additives successfully reduced Campylobacter levels and increased Lactobacilli counts in the PC. Rosemary and oregano lowered plasma total cholesterol (p < 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase elevation by C. jejuni challenge in the PC group was prevented by rosemary, oregano and Erythromycin (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSOregano and rosemary alleviate the impact of C. jejuni challenge.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sperm Cryopreservation in Canaries to Protect Endangered Songbird Species: Comparison of Different Cryoprotectants. 金丝雀精子冷冻保护濒危鸣禽物种:不同冷冻保护剂的比较。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70101
Arda Onur Özkök, Burcu Esin, Eser Akal

Sperm cryopreservation is a rather complex process that needs to be adapted to wild and domestic bird species to ensure adequate efficiency. This study aimed to determine the usability of different cryoprotectants in the cryopreservation of Gloster canary sperm. For this purpose, sperm samples were collected from 12 2-year-old male Gloster canaries three times a week using cloacal massage for 4 weeks. After individual evaluation, sperm samples from the canaries were combined. Mixed sperm were divided into two groups in the study. Overall, 8% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG) were used as cryoprotectants. Sperm samples were drawn into straws after adding Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) extender with high glucose ratio and two different cryoprotectants in a 1:1 ratio and frozen to -80°C with liquid nitrogen vapour and then stored in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. Frozen-thawed semen samples were evaluated regarding motility, vitality, plasma membrane integrity (hypoosmotic swelling test [HOST]), density and abnormal spermatozoa rate. The highest motility value after freezing and thawing was determined in the EG group with 31.667% ± 4.773%. In addition, vitality, plasma membrane integrity and normal sperm morphology were statistically significantly higher in the EG-frozen group, whereas head and tail abnormality was low (p < 0.05). This study determined that a DMEM extender containing 8% EG was more advantageous than a DMEM containing DMSO regarding spermatological parameters and could be used for long-term storage of canary sperm.

精子冷冻保存是一个相当复杂的过程,需要适应野生和家养鸟类物种以确保足够的效率。本研究旨在确定不同冷冻保护剂在冷冻保存金丝雀精子中的适用性。为此,研究人员对 12 只 2 岁的雄性金丝雀进行了为期 4 周的泄殖腔按摩,每周三次采集精子样本。在对个体进行评估后,将金丝雀的精子样本进行混合。混合精子在研究中分为两组。总体而言,8%的二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和乙二醇(EG)被用作冷冻保护剂。精子样本以 1:1 的比例加入高葡萄糖比的杜氏改良鹰培养基(DMEM)扩展剂和两种不同的冷冻保护剂后抽取到吸管中,用液氮蒸汽冷冻至 -80°C,然后储存在 -196°C的液氮中。对冷冻解冻后的精液样本进行运动性、活力、质膜完整性(低渗肿胀试验[HOST])、密度和畸形精子率评估。冷冻解冻后,EG 组的精子活力值最高,为 31.667% ± 4.773%。此外,EG 冷冻组精子的活力、质膜完整性和正常精子形态在统计学上显著较高,而头部和尾部畸形率较低(p
{"title":"Sperm Cryopreservation in Canaries to Protect Endangered Songbird Species: Comparison of Different Cryoprotectants.","authors":"Arda Onur Özkök, Burcu Esin, Eser Akal","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sperm cryopreservation is a rather complex process that needs to be adapted to wild and domestic bird species to ensure adequate efficiency. This study aimed to determine the usability of different cryoprotectants in the cryopreservation of Gloster canary sperm. For this purpose, sperm samples were collected from 12 2-year-old male Gloster canaries three times a week using cloacal massage for 4 weeks. After individual evaluation, sperm samples from the canaries were combined. Mixed sperm were divided into two groups in the study. Overall, 8% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG) were used as cryoprotectants. Sperm samples were drawn into straws after adding Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) extender with high glucose ratio and two different cryoprotectants in a 1:1 ratio and frozen to -80°C with liquid nitrogen vapour and then stored in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. Frozen-thawed semen samples were evaluated regarding motility, vitality, plasma membrane integrity (hypoosmotic swelling test [HOST]), density and abnormal spermatozoa rate. The highest motility value after freezing and thawing was determined in the EG group with 31.667% ± 4.773%. In addition, vitality, plasma membrane integrity and normal sperm morphology were statistically significantly higher in the EG-frozen group, whereas head and tail abnormality was low (p < 0.05). This study determined that a DMEM extender containing 8% EG was more advantageous than a DMEM containing DMSO regarding spermatological parameters and could be used for long-term storage of canary sperm.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Housing Systems on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Tonic Immobility and Feather Score in Laying Hens. 饲养系统对蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋质量、肌张力和羽毛评分的影响
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70112
Mert Erek, Erdal Matur

Background: This study was designed to investigate the effects of different housing systems on production performance, egg quality and welfare in laying hens.

Methods: One hundred and twenty 42-week-old "Atak S" laying hens, purchased from a manufacturing company, were randomly assigned to 4 housing systems: conventional cages, furnished cages, deep-litter system and free-range. Each system housed 30 hens, which were kept in these systems for 6 weeks. Parameters regarding production performance, egg quality, plumage condition scores and tonic immobility were assessed at the end of the housing period.

Results: Egg production and egg mass were lower in cage-free rearing systems than in caged systems. Mean egg weight in free-range hens, and albumen height and Haugh unit in deep-litter hens, were lower than in other housing systems. Eggshell weight in hens housed in furnished cages was greater than in free-range hens, while eggshell strength was better compared to that of hens in conventional cages. The housing system did not impact fearfulness; however, the deep-litter housing increased the sensitivity to touch or capture. Whole body and regional plumage condition scores of free-range hens elicited more favourable results than those kept in conventional cages. Because the plumage condition indicates welfare, the results proved the superiority of free-range over conventional rearing regarding welfare.

Conclusions: Concerning the parameters, such as egg production, animal welfare and fear level, overall data revealed the pros and cons of all housing systems investigated. We consider that this study's findings might contribute to the researchers and breeders seeking alternative housing for laying hens.

研究背景本研究旨在调查不同饲养系统对蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋质量和福利的影响:从一家制造公司购买了 120 只 42 周龄的 "Atak S "蛋鸡,并将其随机分配到 4 种饲养系统中:传统笼养系统、装修笼养系统、深窝饲养系统和散养系统。每个系统饲养 30 只母鸡,在这些系统中饲养 6 周。饲养期结束时,对母鸡的生产性能、鸡蛋质量、羽毛状况评分和强直性不动等参数进行评估:结果:无笼饲养系统的产蛋量和蛋重低于笼养系统。散养母鸡的平均蛋重、深窝母鸡的蛋白高度和哈氏单位均低于其他饲养系统。装修笼养母鸡的蛋壳重量大于散养母鸡,而蛋壳强度则优于传统笼养母鸡。饲养系统对恐惧感没有影响;但是,深窝饲养提高了母鸡对触摸或捕捉的敏感性。散养母鸡的全身和区域羽色状况评分比传统笼养母鸡的评分更为有利。由于羽色状况代表着福利,因此结果证明在福利方面散养优于传统饲养:关于产蛋量、动物福利和恐惧程度等参数,总体数据显示了所有调查饲养系统的优缺点。我们认为,这项研究的结果可能有助于研究人员和饲养者为蛋鸡寻找替代饲养方式。
{"title":"Effects of Housing Systems on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Tonic Immobility and Feather Score in Laying Hens.","authors":"Mert Erek, Erdal Matur","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was designed to investigate the effects of different housing systems on production performance, egg quality and welfare in laying hens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty 42-week-old \"Atak S\" laying hens, purchased from a manufacturing company, were randomly assigned to 4 housing systems: conventional cages, furnished cages, deep-litter system and free-range. Each system housed 30 hens, which were kept in these systems for 6 weeks. Parameters regarding production performance, egg quality, plumage condition scores and tonic immobility were assessed at the end of the housing period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Egg production and egg mass were lower in cage-free rearing systems than in caged systems. Mean egg weight in free-range hens, and albumen height and Haugh unit in deep-litter hens, were lower than in other housing systems. Eggshell weight in hens housed in furnished cages was greater than in free-range hens, while eggshell strength was better compared to that of hens in conventional cages. The housing system did not impact fearfulness; however, the deep-litter housing increased the sensitivity to touch or capture. Whole body and regional plumage condition scores of free-range hens elicited more favourable results than those kept in conventional cages. Because the plumage condition indicates welfare, the results proved the superiority of free-range over conventional rearing regarding welfare.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Concerning the parameters, such as egg production, animal welfare and fear level, overall data revealed the pros and cons of all housing systems investigated. We consider that this study's findings might contribute to the researchers and breeders seeking alternative housing for laying hens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Morphometric and Molecular Characterization of Fasciola spp. in Livestock From Northwestern Provinces of Iran. 伊朗西北部省份牲畜中法氏囊病菌的形态和分子特征。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70097
Hossein Galavani, Saber Raeghi, Mehdi Karamian, Negin Torabi, Ali Haniloo

Background: Liver flukes from the genus Fasciola are the causative agents for human and livestock fascioliasis. Accurate identification of Fasciola spp. is essential to understanding the epidemiology of fascioliasis. This study aimed to determine the morphometric and molecular characterization of Fasciola spp. in livestock from Northwestern provinces of Iran.

Methods: Five hundred adult Fasciola flukes were obtained from different definitive hosts (cattle, sheep, goats, and buffaloes) in four local abattoirs in the northwestern provinces of Iran (West-Azerbaijan, East-Azerbaijan, Ardabil, and Zanjan) from September 2021 to August 2022. All samples were examined by morphometric criteria; then, 49 samples were identified using PCR-RFLP based on ITS1 region and 23 sequence of isolates analyzed by cox1 marker. PCR-RFLP methods compared morphometric results, and cox1 gene sequences were used to confirm PCR-RFLP results and phylogenetic analysis.

Results: The differences between the body length, body width, cephalic cone length, cephalic cone width, body area, and distance between the ventral sucker and posterior end of the body in two species were significant (p < 0.05). Based on the morphometric criteria, 139 samples (27.8%) were identified as Fasciola gigantica and 361 (72.2%) as Fasciola hepatica. Similarly, PCR-RFLP analysis of ITS1 region confirmed morphometric results. No hybrid forms of Fasciola were detected. Partial sequences of cox1 showed 13 variable sites with eight haplotypes in F. hepatica and 12 variable sites with five haplotypes in F. gigantica.

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the PCR-RFLP method can be used to confirm the morphological method of Fasciola species, but it is insufficient to study their genetic diversity. Also, sequences of cox1 results of the present study showed that F. hepatica and F. gigantica species in the Northern provinces of Iran have different genetic structures and haplotypes.

背景:法氏囊属肝吸虫是人类和牲畜法氏囊病的病原体。准确鉴定法氏囊属对了解法氏囊病的流行病学至关重要。本研究旨在确定伊朗西北部省份牲畜中法氏囊虫的形态和分子特征:方法:2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 8 月期间,在伊朗西北部省份(西阿塞拜疆、东阿塞拜疆、阿尔达比勒和赞詹)的四个当地屠宰场,从不同的确定宿主(牛、绵羊、山羊和水牛)身上采集了 500 只成年法氏囊虫。所有样本均通过形态测定标准进行了检验;然后,利用基于 ITS1 区域的 PCR-RFLP 方法对 49 个样本进行了鉴定,并利用 cox1 标记对 23 个分离物序列进行了分析。PCR-RFLP方法比较了形态测量结果,cox1基因序列用于确认PCR-RFLP结果和系统进化分析:结果:两个物种的体长、体宽、头锥长、头锥宽、体面积、腹吸盘与身体后端的距离差异显著(P < 0.05)。根据形态计量标准,139 个样本(27.8%)被鉴定为巨型法氏囊虫,361 个样本(72.2%)被鉴定为肝脏法氏囊虫。同样,ITS1 区域的 PCR-RFLP 分析也证实了形态测定的结果。没有检测到杂交型法氏囊。cox1 的部分序列显示,肝包虫有 13 个可变位点,其中有 8 个单倍型,而巨大包虫有 12 个可变位点,其中有 5 个单倍型:结论:根据本研究的结果,PCR-RFLP 方法可用于确认 Fasciola 物种的形态学方法,但不足以研究其遗传多样性。此外,本研究的 cox1 序列结果表明,伊朗北部省份的 F. hepatica 和 F. gigantica 具有不同的遗传结构和单倍型。
{"title":"Morphometric and Molecular Characterization of Fasciola spp. in Livestock From Northwestern Provinces of Iran.","authors":"Hossein Galavani, Saber Raeghi, Mehdi Karamian, Negin Torabi, Ali Haniloo","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver flukes from the genus Fasciola are the causative agents for human and livestock fascioliasis. Accurate identification of Fasciola spp. is essential to understanding the epidemiology of fascioliasis. This study aimed to determine the morphometric and molecular characterization of Fasciola spp. in livestock from Northwestern provinces of Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five hundred adult Fasciola flukes were obtained from different definitive hosts (cattle, sheep, goats, and buffaloes) in four local abattoirs in the northwestern provinces of Iran (West-Azerbaijan, East-Azerbaijan, Ardabil, and Zanjan) from September 2021 to August 2022. All samples were examined by morphometric criteria; then, 49 samples were identified using PCR-RFLP based on ITS1 region and 23 sequence of isolates analyzed by cox1 marker. PCR-RFLP methods compared morphometric results, and cox1 gene sequences were used to confirm PCR-RFLP results and phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The differences between the body length, body width, cephalic cone length, cephalic cone width, body area, and distance between the ventral sucker and posterior end of the body in two species were significant (p < 0.05). Based on the morphometric criteria, 139 samples (27.8%) were identified as Fasciola gigantica and 361 (72.2%) as Fasciola hepatica. Similarly, PCR-RFLP analysis of ITS1 region confirmed morphometric results. No hybrid forms of Fasciola were detected. Partial sequences of cox1 showed 13 variable sites with eight haplotypes in F. hepatica and 12 variable sites with five haplotypes in F. gigantica.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of this study, the PCR-RFLP method can be used to confirm the morphological method of Fasciola species, but it is insufficient to study their genetic diversity. Also, sequences of cox1 results of the present study showed that F. hepatica and F. gigantica species in the Northern provinces of Iran have different genetic structures and haplotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimising Growth, Immunity, and Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens Through Dietary Threonine Levels and Oil Inclusion. 通过日粮苏氨酸水平和油脂添加优化肉鸡的生长、免疫力和基因表达。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70046
Mohamed I El-Katcha, Mosaad A Soltan, Heba I Ghamry, Abeer F El-Nahas, Laila A Al-Shuraym, Ostan Mihaela, Rada Olga, Rasha E Azab, Ahmed Abdeen, Mustafa Shukry, Set A El-Shobokshy

Background: The inclusion of synthetic amino acids in poultry nutrition plays a crucial role in both enhancing the synthesis of immunoglobulins and elevating the overall comprehensiveness of the amino acid profile.

Objectives: This research examined the effects of consuming threonine (Thr) in various forms levels with low or high oil on broiler chickens' growth and immunity.

Methods: We investigate the growth performance, feed efficiency, immune response, intestinal morphology, absorptive capacity, and expression of some genes related to the feed intake (Pro-opiomelanocortin [POMC]), fatty acid synthesis (Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase [ACC]), immunity (lipopolysaccharide-induced tumour necrosis like alpha factor [LITAF]), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Eight groups of chicks were used, including four dietary Thr levels (100%, 115%, 130%, or 145%) with two oil levels (mixture of sunflower 50% and soybean oils 50%): (control) and high.

Results: The higher dietary Thr level (145%) with high oil inclusion significantly increased ACC and POMC gene expression, resulting in the lowest feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), and liver fat content. Combining high oil with 115% Thr was the optimum for the broilers. The birds have significant (p ≤ .05) growth performance, immune parameters, and intestinal health, as well as the lowest expression of ACC, POMC, HSP70, and LITAF, which was reflected in better feed conversion ratio and lower incidence of fatty liver, thermo-resistance, and immune status of the birds.

Conclusions: The combination of high oil and 115% Thr levels optimises broiler health and productivity, enhancing growth, immune function, and gut health. This diet lowers the expression of genes associated with fatty liver and stress, leading to better feed efficiency, thermo-resistance, and overall well-being. Adopting these dietary adjustments can improve broiler performance and economic viability in poultry farming by enhancing essential productivity metrics.

背景:在家禽营养中添加合成氨基酸对促进免疫球蛋白的合成和提高氨基酸谱的整体全面性具有重要作用:本研究探讨了摄入不同含量的苏氨酸(Thr)和低油或高油对肉鸡生长和免疫力的影响:我们研究了肉鸡的生长性能、饲料效率、免疫反应、肠道形态、吸收能力,以及与采食量(前表皮促皮质素[POMC])、脂肪酸合成(乙酰-CoA 羧化酶[ACC])、免疫(脂多糖诱导的肿瘤坏死样α因子[LITAF])和热休克蛋白 70(HSP70)相关的一些基因的表达。使用了 8 组小鸡,包括 4 种日粮 Thr 水平(100%、115%、130% 或 145%)和两种油水平(葵花籽油 50% 和大豆油 50% 的混合物):(对照组)和高日粮:较高的日粮Thr水平(145%)和高含油量显著增加了ACC和POMC基因的表达,导致采食量、体重增加(BWG)和肝脏脂肪含量最低。对于肉鸡来说,高油和 115% Thr 的组合是最佳的。这些肉鸡的生长性能、免疫参数和肠道健康状况均有显著提高(p ≤ .05),ACC、POMC、HSP70和LITAF的表达量也最低,这反映在较高的饲料转化率和较低的脂肪肝发病率、抗热性和免疫状态上:高油和 115% Thr 水平的组合优化了肉鸡的健康和生产率,提高了生长、免疫功能和肠道健康。这种日粮降低了与脂肪肝和应激有关的基因表达,从而提高了饲料效率、耐热性和整体健康水平。采用这些日粮调整可以提高家禽养殖业的基本生产指标,从而改善肉鸡的生产性能和经济可行性。
{"title":"Optimising Growth, Immunity, and Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens Through Dietary Threonine Levels and Oil Inclusion.","authors":"Mohamed I El-Katcha, Mosaad A Soltan, Heba I Ghamry, Abeer F El-Nahas, Laila A Al-Shuraym, Ostan Mihaela, Rada Olga, Rasha E Azab, Ahmed Abdeen, Mustafa Shukry, Set A El-Shobokshy","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The inclusion of synthetic amino acids in poultry nutrition plays a crucial role in both enhancing the synthesis of immunoglobulins and elevating the overall comprehensiveness of the amino acid profile.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research examined the effects of consuming threonine (Thr) in various forms levels with low or high oil on broiler chickens' growth and immunity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigate the growth performance, feed efficiency, immune response, intestinal morphology, absorptive capacity, and expression of some genes related to the feed intake (Pro-opiomelanocortin [POMC]), fatty acid synthesis (Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase [ACC]), immunity (lipopolysaccharide-induced tumour necrosis like alpha factor [LITAF]), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Eight groups of chicks were used, including four dietary Thr levels (100%, 115%, 130%, or 145%) with two oil levels (mixture of sunflower 50% and soybean oils 50%): (control) and high.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The higher dietary Thr level (145%) with high oil inclusion significantly increased ACC and POMC gene expression, resulting in the lowest feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), and liver fat content. Combining high oil with 115% Thr was the optimum for the broilers. The birds have significant (p ≤ .05) growth performance, immune parameters, and intestinal health, as well as the lowest expression of ACC, POMC, HSP70, and LITAF, which was reflected in better feed conversion ratio and lower incidence of fatty liver, thermo-resistance, and immune status of the birds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of high oil and 115% Thr levels optimises broiler health and productivity, enhancing growth, immune function, and gut health. This diet lowers the expression of genes associated with fatty liver and stress, leading to better feed efficiency, thermo-resistance, and overall well-being. Adopting these dietary adjustments can improve broiler performance and economic viability in poultry farming by enhancing essential productivity metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis-Based Carbon Dots Platform for Remarkable Analgesia for Clinical Pain Management. 基于黄柏的新型碳点平台为临床疼痛治疗提供显著镇痛效果
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70090
Huimin Peng, Xingxing Zeng, Songbai Li, Xin Wang

In this study, we explored the eco-friendly synthesis of photoluminescent CCDs employing a direct one-step pyrolysis process, utilizing natural Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis as the precursor material and studied their analgesic effect in mice. The synthesized carbon dots underwent comprehensive characterization through a range of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. These included UV-Vis, FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy and HR-TEM, DLS instruments. HR-TEM results exhibited the presence of homogenous spherical-shaped C-dots of about 3.3 nm without aggregates. Furthermore, the prepared CCDs were studied for their in vivo analgesic effect in mice by performing tail-immersion, hot plate and acetic acid writhing tests. Also, an MTT assay was performed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of CCDs against L929 cells. In vitro cytotoxicity studies revealed that L929 cells exhibited higher cell viability when treated with prepared CCDs. The cellular uptake studies revealed the phase contrast images of MG-63 cells at wavelength 488 nm clearly depicted the aggregation of green, fluorescent CCDs within the cells while leaving nuclei unobscured. In addition, to the best of our understanding, the results presented in this paper showed that CCDs exhibited an important analgesic effect and enhanced anti-nociceptive activity, which may be due to stimulation of the opioidergic system. Consequently, CCDs appear to be a viable analgesic alternative for traditional analgesic candidates in pain management.

在本研究中,我们利用天然黄柏作为前驱体材料,采用一步直接热解工艺,探索了一种环保型光致发光 CCD 的合成方法,并研究了其对小鼠的镇痛效果。通过一系列光谱和显微技术对合成的碳点进行了综合表征。这些技术包括紫外可见光谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱、荧光光谱以及 HR-TEM 和 DLS 仪器。HR-TEM 结果表明,存在约 3.3 nm 的均匀球形 C 点,且无聚集体。此外,还通过尾浸、热板和醋酸蠕动试验研究了制备的 CCD 对小鼠的体内镇痛效果。此外,还进行了 MTT 试验,以评估 CCD 对 L929 细胞的体外细胞毒性。体外细胞毒性研究表明,用制备好的 CCD 处理 L929 细胞时,细胞存活率较高。细胞吸收研究显示,在波长为 488 纳米的 MG-63 细胞相衬图像中,绿色荧光 CCD 在细胞内聚集,而细胞核未被遮盖。此外,据我们所知,本文的研究结果表明,CCDs 具有重要的镇痛作用,并增强了抗痛觉活性,这可能是由于刺激了阿片肽能系统。因此,在疼痛治疗中,CCD 似乎是传统镇痛剂的一种可行替代品。
{"title":"A Novel Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis-Based Carbon Dots Platform for Remarkable Analgesia for Clinical Pain Management.","authors":"Huimin Peng, Xingxing Zeng, Songbai Li, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we explored the eco-friendly synthesis of photoluminescent CCDs employing a direct one-step pyrolysis process, utilizing natural Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis as the precursor material and studied their analgesic effect in mice. The synthesized carbon dots underwent comprehensive characterization through a range of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. These included UV-Vis, FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy and HR-TEM, DLS instruments. HR-TEM results exhibited the presence of homogenous spherical-shaped C-dots of about 3.3 nm without aggregates. Furthermore, the prepared CCDs were studied for their in vivo analgesic effect in mice by performing tail-immersion, hot plate and acetic acid writhing tests. Also, an MTT assay was performed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of CCDs against L929 cells. In vitro cytotoxicity studies revealed that L929 cells exhibited higher cell viability when treated with prepared CCDs. The cellular uptake studies revealed the phase contrast images of MG-63 cells at wavelength 488 nm clearly depicted the aggregation of green, fluorescent CCDs within the cells while leaving nuclei unobscured. In addition, to the best of our understanding, the results presented in this paper showed that CCDs exhibited an important analgesic effect and enhanced anti-nociceptive activity, which may be due to stimulation of the opioidergic system. Consequently, CCDs appear to be a viable analgesic alternative for traditional analgesic candidates in pain management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection in calves and hospitalized humans in Libo Kemkem, North Western Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西北部 Libo Kemkem 地区小牛和住院病人隐孢子虫感染的流行率和相关风险因素
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70040
Habtamu Tamrat, Yemane Tekle, Mussie Hailemelekot, Negus Belayneh
BackgroundCryptosporidium infection is one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis and diarrhoea caused by a protozoan parasite affecting vertebrates and humans. The disease is prevalent in cases of immunocompromised individuals. Despite the impact of the diseases in calf and hospitalized humans, well‐documented studies are not available in the study area.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in calves and hospitalized humans and assess the major associated risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection in calves and hospitalized humans.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021 on calf and human Cryptosporidium infection in Libo Kemkem District, North West Ethiopia. A total of 193 calves and 122 human stool samples admitted to the hospital were used for this study. Three kebeles were selected purposely, and individual calves were selected using a simple random sampling method. A number of sampled calves were allocated proportionally to the selected kebeles. Human samples were collected using a systematic random sampling method. Faecal and stool samples were examined using a modified Ziehl–Neelsen staining method.ResultThe overall prevalence of calf and human Cryptosporidium infection found in this study was 15.5% and 11.5%, respectively. Age of calf, breed, body condition, water source, faecal consistency and hygienic condition were found significantly (p < 0.05) associated with Cryptosporidium infection in the calf. Similarly, the source of potable water, immunocompromisation and contact with domestic animals were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) associated with Cryptosporidium infection in humans.ConclusionThere was a higher prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in calves and humans in Libo Kemkem District. Therefore, the implementation of proper prevention methods of zoonotic Cryptosporidium infection between calf and human beings through significant risk factors is mandatory. Furthermore, additional studies to investigate the levels of economic importance of the disease should be conducted.
背景隐孢子虫感染是由一种影响脊椎动物和人类的原生动物寄生虫引起的急性肠胃炎和腹泻的主要原因之一。这种疾病主要发生在免疫力低下的人群中。本研究的目的是确定小牛和住院患者的隐孢子虫感染率,并评估与小牛和住院患者隐孢子虫感染相关的主要风险因素。方法 2020 年 11 月至 2021 年 3 月在埃塞俄比亚西北部的 Libo Kemkem 区对小牛和人类隐孢子虫感染情况进行了横断面研究。本研究采用了医院收治的 193 头小牛和 122 份人类粪便样本。研究人员特意选取了三个区,并采用简单随机抽样法抽取了每头小牛。抽取的小牛数量按比例分配到选定的村落。人体样本采用系统随机抽样法采集。结果本研究发现,犊牛和人类隐孢子虫感染率分别为 15.5%和 11.5%。研究发现,犊牛的年龄、品种、身体状况、水源、粪便浓度和卫生条件与犊牛隐孢子虫感染有显著相关性(p < 0.05)。同样,饮用水源、免疫力低下和与家畜接触与人类隐孢子虫感染也有显著相关性(p < 0.05)。因此,必须通过重要的风险因素,采取适当的方法预防人畜共患病隐孢子虫在犊牛和人类之间的感染。此外,还应开展更多研究,调查该疾病的经济重要性。
{"title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection in calves and hospitalized humans in Libo Kemkem, North Western Ethiopia","authors":"Habtamu Tamrat, Yemane Tekle, Mussie Hailemelekot, Negus Belayneh","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70040","url":null,"abstract":"Background<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection is one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis and diarrhoea caused by a protozoan parasite affecting vertebrates and humans. The disease is prevalent in cases of immunocompromised individuals. Despite the impact of the diseases in calf and hospitalized humans, well‐documented studies are not available in the study area.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in calves and hospitalized humans and assess the major associated risk factors associated with <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in calves and hospitalized humans.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021 on calf and human <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in Libo Kemkem District, North West Ethiopia. A total of 193 calves and 122 human stool samples admitted to the hospital were used for this study. Three kebeles were selected purposely, and individual calves were selected using a simple random sampling method. A number of sampled calves were allocated proportionally to the selected kebeles. Human samples were collected using a systematic random sampling method. Faecal and stool samples were examined using a modified Ziehl–Neelsen staining method.ResultThe overall prevalence of calf and human <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection found in this study was 15.5% and 11.5%, respectively. Age of calf, breed, body condition, water source, faecal consistency and hygienic condition were found significantly (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) associated with <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in the calf. Similarly, the source of potable water, immunocompromisation and contact with domestic animals were found to be significantly (<jats:italic>p </jats:italic>&lt; 0.05) associated with <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in humans.ConclusionThere was a higher prevalence of <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in calves and humans in Libo Kemkem District. Therefore, the implementation of proper prevention methods of zoonotic <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection between calf and human beings through significant risk factors is mandatory. Furthermore, additional studies to investigate the levels of economic importance of the disease should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Successful laparotomic ethanol ablation for an adrenal tumour in a dog 犬肾上腺肿瘤腹腔镜乙醇消融术获得成功
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70020
Shimon Furusato, Eriko Kondo, Yu Tamura, Yu Tsuyama
Adrenalectomy is the gold standard for canine adrenal tumours, but not always recommended due to patient age, underlying conditions and perioperative mortality. Ethanol ablation is an alternative in human medicine for poor surgical candidates. A 13‐year‐old neutered female toy‐poodle with hypercortisolism presented with severe haematuria. Ultrasonography revealed left adrenal and right kidney tumours. Due to high surgical risk, simultaneous laparotomic right nephroureterectomy and ethanol ablation of the left adrenal tumour were performed. Post‐ethanol injection complications included transient hypertension and arrhythmia, which resolved spontaneously. The adrenal tumour size decreased within 2.5 months, and cortisol levels normalised within 8 days, remaining stable for 12 months. No hypercortisolism signs were observed without trilostane until death from renal insufficiency. Autopsy showed that the ablated left adrenal gland was an adrenocortical tumour and had shrunk. Ethanol ablation may be a feasible alternative to adrenalectomy for high‐risk canine patients.
肾上腺切除术是治疗犬肾上腺肿瘤的金标准,但由于患者年龄、基础疾病和围手术期死亡率等原因,并不总是推荐采用这种方法。在人类医学中,乙醇消融术是一种适用于手术条件较差的候选者的替代方法。一只 13 岁的绝育雌性玩具贵宾犬患有皮质醇增多症,并伴有严重血尿。超声波检查发现左肾上腺和右肾肿瘤。由于手术风险较高,患者同时接受了开腹右肾切除术和左肾上腺肿瘤乙醇消融术。乙醇注射后出现的并发症包括一过性高血压和心律失常,但均自行缓解。肾上腺肿瘤在 2.5 个月内缩小,皮质醇水平在 8 天内恢复正常,并在 12 个月内保持稳定。在没有使用曲洛司坦的情况下,没有观察到皮质醇过高的症状,直到因肾功能不全死亡。尸检显示,消融的左肾上腺是肾上腺皮质肿瘤,已经缩小。对于高风险犬类患者来说,乙醇消融可能是肾上腺切除术的可行替代方案。
{"title":"Successful laparotomic ethanol ablation for an adrenal tumour in a dog","authors":"Shimon Furusato, Eriko Kondo, Yu Tamura, Yu Tsuyama","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70020","url":null,"abstract":"Adrenalectomy is the gold standard for canine adrenal tumours, but not always recommended due to patient age, underlying conditions and perioperative mortality. Ethanol ablation is an alternative in human medicine for poor surgical candidates. A 13‐year‐old neutered female toy‐poodle with hypercortisolism presented with severe haematuria. Ultrasonography revealed left adrenal and right kidney tumours. Due to high surgical risk, simultaneous laparotomic right nephroureterectomy and ethanol ablation of the left adrenal tumour were performed. Post‐ethanol injection complications included transient hypertension and arrhythmia, which resolved spontaneously. The adrenal tumour size decreased within 2.5 months, and cortisol levels normalised within 8 days, remaining stable for 12 months. No hypercortisolism signs were observed without trilostane until death from renal insufficiency. Autopsy showed that the ablated left adrenal gland was an adrenocortical tumour and had shrunk. Ethanol ablation may be a feasible alternative to adrenalectomy for high‐risk canine patients.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anti‐coccidial efficacy of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide in indigenous chickens of Northwest Ethiopia Enteromorpha prolifera 多糖对埃塞俄比亚西北部土鸡的抗球虫功效
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70037
Bekalu Muluneh, Mengistie Taye, Tadelle Dessie, Dessie Salilew Wondim, Semahegn Yilkal, Fikirtemariam Aregay, Almaz Habtamu, Aschalew Shitu, Halo Yohans, Teketay Wassie, Xin Wu
BackgroundA variety of bioactive compounds isolated from various botanical sources have been found to have therapeutic and immunotherapeutic effects on chicken coccidiosis.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the anti‐coccidial potential of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP) in indigenous chickens in Northwest Ethiopia.Materials and MethodsA total of 78 male indigenous chickens were used for this study. The study had two treatment groups: (1) the EP non‐supplemented group (those fed on diets without EP and Eimeria oocyst inoculated) and (2) the EP group (those receiving diets supplemented with 400 mg EP/kg diet and Eimeria oocyst inoculated). Each treatment group had five replications. Following fourteen days of EP supplementation, 1.5 × 104 oocysts of mixed Eimeria species were inoculated into individual birds.ResultsEP‐supplemented chicken showed significantly lower (p < 0.05) oocyst counts compared to non‐supplemented ones on 9 and 11 days post‐challenge. In addition, chickens in the EP‐supplemented group showed less severe lesion scores, with an average score of 1.33. Chickens that received EP showed a maximum of 27.27% protection against lesions. In contrast, the non‐supplemented chickens had a lower percentage of protection (19.83%). The maximum anti‐coccidial index value (146.98) was obtained from EP‐supplemented chickens. Chickens in the EP‐supplemented group exhibited a significantly higher (p < 0.05) weight gain.ConclusionOverall, the inclusion of EP in chickens' diets shows promise as a potential anti‐coccidial strategy. However, additional research is required to explore the mechanisms by which EP in chickens’ diet could involve in increasing the protection ability of chickens against coccidiosis.
背景从各种植物中分离出的多种生物活性化合物对鸡球虫病具有治疗和免疫治疗作用。本研究旨在评估 Enteromorpha prolifera 多糖(EP)在埃塞俄比亚西北部土鸡中的抗球虫潜力。研究分为两个处理组:(1) 不添加肠藻多糖组(日粮中不添加肠藻多糖,并接种艾美耳病卵囊);(2) 肠藻多糖组(日粮中添加每公斤 400 毫克肠藻多糖,并接种艾美耳病卵囊)。每个处理组有五个重复。补充 EP 14 天后,将 1.5 × 104 个混合艾美耳菌种的卵囊接种到每只鸡体内。结果 EP 补充组的鸡在挑战后第 9 天和第 11 天的卵囊数量明显低于未补充组(p < 0.05)。此外,添加 EP 的鸡只病变评分较低,平均评分为 1.33。添加了 EP 的鸡对病变的保护率最高达 27.27%。相比之下,未补充 EP 的鸡的保护率较低(19.83%)。添加 EP 的鸡的抗球虫指数值最高(146.98)。总之,在鸡的日粮中添加 EP 有望成为一种潜在的抗球虫策略。总之,在鸡日粮中添加 EP 有望成为一种潜在的抗球虫策略,但还需要开展更多的研究,以探索在鸡日粮中添加 EP 可提高鸡对球虫病的保护能力的机制。
{"title":"Anti‐coccidial efficacy of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide in indigenous chickens of Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Bekalu Muluneh, Mengistie Taye, Tadelle Dessie, Dessie Salilew Wondim, Semahegn Yilkal, Fikirtemariam Aregay, Almaz Habtamu, Aschalew Shitu, Halo Yohans, Teketay Wassie, Xin Wu","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70037","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundA variety of bioactive compounds isolated from various botanical sources have been found to have therapeutic and immunotherapeutic effects on chicken coccidiosis.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the anti‐coccidial potential of <jats:italic>Enteromorpha prolifera</jats:italic> polysaccharide (EP) in indigenous chickens in Northwest Ethiopia.Materials and MethodsA total of 78 male indigenous chickens were used for this study. The study had two treatment groups: (1) the EP non‐supplemented group (those fed on diets without EP and <jats:italic>Eimeria</jats:italic> oocyst inoculated) and (2) the EP group (those receiving diets supplemented with 400 mg EP/kg diet and <jats:italic>Eimeria</jats:italic> oocyst inoculated). Each treatment group had five replications. Following fourteen days of EP supplementation, 1.5 × 10<jats:sup>4</jats:sup> oocysts of mixed <jats:italic>Eimeria</jats:italic> species were inoculated into individual birds.ResultsEP‐supplemented chicken showed significantly lower (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) oocyst counts compared to non‐supplemented ones on 9 and 11 days post‐challenge. In addition, chickens in the EP‐supplemented group showed less severe lesion scores, with an average score of 1.33. Chickens that received EP showed a maximum of 27.27% protection against lesions. In contrast, the non‐supplemented chickens had a lower percentage of protection (19.83%). The maximum anti‐coccidial index value (146.98) was obtained from EP‐supplemented chickens. Chickens in the EP‐supplemented group exhibited a significantly higher (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) weight gain.ConclusionOverall, the inclusion of EP in chickens' diets shows promise as a potential anti‐coccidial strategy. However, additional research is required to explore the mechanisms by which EP in chickens’ diet could involve in increasing the protection ability of chickens against coccidiosis.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Veterinary Medicine and Science
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1