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Elecsys® AMH assay: Determination of Anti-Müllerian hormone levels and evaluation of the relationship between superovulation response in Holstein dairy cows. Elecsys® AMH 检测法:测定荷斯坦奶牛的抗缪勒氏管激素水平并评估超级排卵反应之间的关系。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1509
Davut Koca, Ahmet Aktar, Ali Osman Turgut, Hakan Sagirkaya, Selim Alcay

Background: Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) serves as a crucial parameter in assessing the reproductive herd life and ovarian reserve in cattle. Consequently, extensive research is conducted on AMH levels. Various measurement methods can be employed to determine AMH levels. However, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on Holstein donors using the Elecsys® AMH kit.

Objective: This study was designed to determine AMH levels in donors utilising the Elecsys® AMH kit and to evaluate the relationship between superovulation response parameters and AMH levels.

Methods: In this study, we measured the serum AMH levels of 36 cows using the Elecsys® AMH automated assay before the superovulation protocol (1st sample) and FSH injections (2nd sample). The cows were categorised into three groups based on their AMH levels: low, medium, and high AMH.

Results: Positive correlations were identified between AMH and parameters associated with superovulation response. The high AMH level group exhibited significantly greater numbers of corpus luteum, total embryos, transferable embryos, and grade 1 embryos compared to the medium and low AMH groups (p < 0.05) There was no significant difference between AMH levels before the superovulation protocol and FSH injections(p > 0.05). Body condition score and parity did not significantly affect AMH levels in cows (p > 0.05). Also, AMH cut-off values for the number of corpus luteum, total embryo, and transferable embryos were detected as 234, 227, and 210 pg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that a high serum AMH level has a positive influence on the superovulation response. AMH can be used as a reliable marker for the selection of donors in Holstein cows.

背景:抗苗勒管激素(AMH)是评估牛群繁殖期和卵巢储备的重要参数。因此,人们对 AMH 水平进行了广泛的研究。有多种测量方法可用于测定 AMH 水平。然而,据我们所知,还没有使用 Elecsys® AMH 试剂盒对荷斯坦供体进行过研究:本研究旨在利用 Elecsys® AMH 套件测定供体的 AMH 水平,并评估超排卵反应参数与 AMH 水平之间的关系:在这项研究中,我们在超级排卵方案(第一个样本)和注射 FSH(第二个样本)之前使用 Elecsys® AMH 自动分析仪测定了 36 头奶牛的血清 AMH 水平。根据奶牛的 AMH 水平将其分为三组:低 AMH、中 AMH 和高 AMH:结果:AMH 与超排卵反应相关参数之间存在正相关。高 AMH 水平组的黄体数量、总胚胎数、可移植胚胎数和 1 级胚胎数明显高于中 AMH 组和低 AMH 组(p < 0.05),超排卵方案和注射 FSH 前的 AMH 水平之间没有显著差异(p > 0.05)。体况评分和胎次对奶牛的 AMH 水平没有明显影响(P > 0.05)。此外,黄体数、总胚胎数和可移植胚胎数的 AMH 临界值分别为 234、227 和 210 pg/mL:这些研究结果表明,血清 AMH 水平高对超排卵反应有积极影响。AMH可作为选择荷斯坦奶牛供体的可靠指标。
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引用次数: 0
A survey on the knowledges, attitudes, behaviours and practices of goat farmers about peste des petits ruminants disease in goats at Haor and bordered areas in Sylhet district of Bangladesh. 关于孟加拉国锡尔赫特地区豪尔及周边地区山羊养殖户对山羊小反刍兽疫的认识、态度、行为和做法的调查。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1543
Sumaya Shargin Khan, Hemayet Hossain, Sohag Talukder, Md Saif Uddin, Md Answar Uddin, Md Saiful Islam Siddiqui

Background: Contagious and economically devastating, peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease affecting goats and sheep, causing significant losses in livestock productivity and posing a threat to food security and rural livelihoods worldwide.

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the status of goat farmer's knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about PPR disease at Sylhet district of Bangladesh.

Methods: A comprehensive cross-sectional survey, conducted over 11 weeks, targeted 130 goat owners. Following a pilot study with 20 farmers, a set of 17 validated questions on PPR KAP was validated. Data collection was performed through face-to-face interviews by a trained team using KOBO Toolbox, with interpretation of responses based on established thresholds for knowledge (>65%), attitude (>75%) and practice (>70%).

Results: Overall, 67.7% of participants demonstrated a good level of knowledge about PPR disease. Males exhibited 1.42 times higher odds of knowledge compared to females (odds ratio = 1.42). The middle age group (31-45 years) showed significantly higher knowledge levels (83.3%, p < 0.001). Within this age group, positive practice levels were also notably higher (54.8%). Those with a higher secondary education background exhibited the most positive practice levels (>80%). Participants whose additional income came from non-governmental organization employment showed a higher positive practice level (71.4%), 1.46 times higher than other income sources.

Conclusion: Strategic interventions should prioritize female farmers, educational empowerment and collaboration with non-governmental organizations to bolster livestock health and rural livelihoods in Bangladesh as part of national PPR control strategy to fulfil the goals of Office International des Epizooties/World Organization for Animal Health (OIE/WOAH) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) PPR eradication by 2030.

背景:小反刍兽疫(PPR)是一种影响山羊和绵羊的病毒性疾病,具有传染性和经济破坏性,给牲畜生产造成重大损失,并对全球粮食安全和农村生计构成威胁:本研究旨在评估孟加拉国锡尔赫特地区山羊养殖者对 PPR 疾病的认识、态度和做法 (KAP) 状况:方法:对 130 名山羊饲养者进行了为期 11 周的全面横断面调查。在对 20 位农民进行试点研究后,验证了一套 17 个有关 PPR KAP 的有效问题。数据收集工作由一支训练有素的团队通过 KOBO 工具箱进行面对面访谈,并根据既定的知识(>65%)、态度(>75%)和实践(>70%)阈值对回答进行解释:总体而言,67.7%的参与者对 PPR 疾病有较好的了解。与女性相比,男性知晓率高出 1.42 倍(几率比 = 1.42)。中年组(31-45 岁)的知识水平明显更高(83.3%,P 80%)。额外收入来自非政府组织工作的参与者表现出更高的积极实践水平(71.4%),是其他收入来源的 1.46 倍:作为国家 PPR 控制战略的一部分,战略干预措施应优先考虑女性农民、教育赋权以及与非政府组织合作,以促进孟加拉国的牲畜健康和农村生计,从而实现国际兽疫局/世界动物卫生组织(OIE/WOAH)和联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)到 2030 年根除 PPR 的目标。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of finisher diet nutrients density and slaughter age on energy and protein efficiency, productive and economic performance and meat quality of broilers. 雏鸡日粮营养密度和屠宰日龄对肉鸡能量和蛋白质效率、生产性能、经济效益和肉质的影响
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1493
Mahdie Nikbakhtzade, Heydar Zarghi, Abolghasem Golian

Background: The current broilers have been greatly optimized for weight gain and breast yield, which necessitates the provision of nutrients-dense diets for maximum potential.

Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of finisher diet nutrients density (ND) on energy and protein efficiency, productive and economic performance and breast meat quality of broilers raised until different slaughter age.

Methods: A total of 600 23-day-old broiler male chicks (Cobb-500) were assigned to 10 treatments with six replicates and 10 birds each. Experimental treatments were included factorial arrangement of five increment (2.5%) levels of finisher diet ND (92.5%, 95%, 97.5%, 100% and 102.5% as strain recommendation) and slaughtered at 38 or 46 days of age. The relative difference in the energy level of experimental diets was used to increase ND levels at the same ratio.

Results: Feed intake (FI) and breast meat quality traits exception water holding capacity (WHC) were not affected by finisher diet ND. In response to increasing finisher diet ND, energy and protein efficiency, productive traits, bio-economic index (BEI) and breast relative weight (BRW) linearly improved. However, residual feed intake and breast meat WHC improved with a quadratic trend. By using broken-line regression analysis, the optimum dietary ND was obtained at 97.5%-102% of strain recommendation. Energy and protein efficiency, feed conversion ratio and BEI deteriorated by prolonging rearing period. The BRW, meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), hue angle (h*) and WHC values for the birds slaughtered at 46 days of age were significantly higher, and cooking loss was lower than those slaughtered at 38 days old.

Conclusions: Broilers during the finisher period are not able to regulate their FIs with diet ND. The energy and protein efficiency, productive and economic performance were reduced when broilers were fed diluted diet or the rearing period was prolonged.

背景:目前肉鸡的增重和胸脯肉产量已大大优化,这就需要提供营养密度高的日粮以发挥最大潜力:本研究旨在评估雏鸡日粮营养密度(ND)对不同屠宰日龄肉鸡的能量和蛋白质效率、生产性能和经济效益以及胸肉品质的影响:将 600 只 23 日龄的肉用公鸡(Cobb-500)分配到 10 个处理中,每个处理设 6 个重复,每个重复 10 只鸡。实验处理包括五个增重(2.5%)水平的雏鸡日粮 ND(92.5%、95%、97.5%、100% 和 102.5%,按菌种建议),分别于 38 日龄或 46 日龄屠宰。利用试验日粮能量水平的相对差异,以相同比例增加 ND 水平:结果:采食量(FI)和胸脯肉品质特征(持水量)不受育成日粮 ND 的影响。随着雏鸡日粮 ND 的增加,能量和蛋白质效率、生产性状、生物经济指数(BEI)和胸脯肉相对重量(BRW)呈线性改善。然而,剩余采食量和胸肉WHC的改善呈二次方趋势。通过折线回归分析,最佳日粮 ND 为应变推荐量的 97.5%-102%。能量和蛋白质效率、饲料转化率和BEI随饲养期的延长而降低。与 38 日龄屠宰的肉鸡相比,46 日龄屠宰的肉鸡 BRW、肉光度 (L*)、红度 (a*)、色调角 (h*) 和 WHC 值显著较高,蒸煮损失较低:结论:育成期肉鸡无法通过日粮 ND 来调节其 FIs。给肉鸡饲喂稀释日粮或延长饲养期会降低其能量和蛋白质效率、生产性能和经济效益。
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引用次数: 0
Tracking melioidosis in Iran: Utilizing abattoir-based surveillance as a One Health approach. 追踪伊朗的类鼻疽:利用屠宰场监测作为 "一体健康 "方法。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1503
Nader Mosavari, Mohsen Bashashati, Mahdi Dehghanpour, Mohsen Abdolvand, Faezeh Heshmatinia, Fereshteh Sabouri, Shojaat Dashtipour, Saeid Mohammad Hosseini, Reza Najafpour, Zahra Baradaran-Seyed

Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei, an environmental saprophyte bacterium, causes melioidosis in humans and animals. It was first discovered in Iran between 1967 and 1976 in small ruminants, equines, environments and humans. No subsequent studies have been conducted to determine the existence and prevalence of this pathogen in the country.

Objectives: The present study aims to monitor the presence of B. pseudomallei in the ruminant population of the Golestan province of Iran, which largely depends on pastures. The ruminants can serve as sentinels to indicate the presence of the bacteria in the environment and its potential impact on human health in the One Health triad.

Methods: Liver and lung abscesses from domestic sheep, cattle and goats in three industrial and three conventional slaughterhouses were sampled and analysed using 23S ribosomal DNA polymerase chain reaction (rDNA PCR) with primers CVMP 23-1 and CVP-23-2 for B. pseudomallei, Burkholderia cepacia and Burkholderia vietnamiensis, as well as B. pseudomallei-specific TTS1 real-time PCR, along with microbiological and biochemical assays.

Results: Out of the 97 animals sampled, only 14 (15%) tested positive for 23S rDNA PCR. However, the follow-up evaluation using TTS1 real-time PCR and microbiological and biochemical assays did not confirm the presence of B. pseudomallei in the samples.

Conclusions: Although B. pseudomallei was not detected in the current survey, conducting abattoir-based surveillance of ruminants is a cost-effective One Health approach to monitor pathogenic Burkholderia. Developing standards of clinical and laboratory good practices for Burkholderia infections is crucial for One Health surveillance.

背景:假马勒伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia pseudomallei)是一种环境寄生菌,可导致人类和动物患上美拉德氏病。1967 年至 1976 年期间,伊朗首次在小型反刍动物、马、环境和人类中发现了该病原体。此后没有进行过任何研究来确定这种病原体在伊朗的存在和流行情况:本研究旨在监测伊朗戈勒斯坦省反刍动物群体中伪马勒氏杆菌的存在情况,该省主要以牧场为生。反刍动物可作为 "哨兵",在 "一个健康 "三要素中指示环境中是否存在该细菌及其对人类健康的潜在影响:方法:对三家工业屠宰场和三家传统屠宰场的家养绵羊、牛和山羊的肝脏和肺脓肿进行采样,并使用 23S 核糖体 DNA 聚合酶链反应(rDNA PCR)、CVMP 23-1 和 CVP-23-2 引物(针对假丝酵母菌、布氏头孢菌属和越南布氏杆菌)以及假丝酵母菌特异性 TTS1 实时 PCR 进行分析,同时进行微生物和生化检测:在 97 只采样动物中,只有 14 只(15%)在 23S rDNA PCR 检测中呈阳性。然而,使用 TTS1 实时 PCR 以及微生物和生化检测进行的后续评估并未证实样本中存在假马勒氏菌:尽管在本次调查中未检测到假马勒氏菌,但以屠宰场为基础对反刍动物进行监测是监测致病性伯克霍尔德氏菌的一种具有成本效益的 "同一健康 "方法。制定伯克霍尔德氏菌感染的临床和实验室良好操作规范标准对于 "一体健康 "监测至关重要。
{"title":"Tracking melioidosis in Iran: Utilizing abattoir-based surveillance as a One Health approach.","authors":"Nader Mosavari, Mohsen Bashashati, Mahdi Dehghanpour, Mohsen Abdolvand, Faezeh Heshmatinia, Fereshteh Sabouri, Shojaat Dashtipour, Saeid Mohammad Hosseini, Reza Najafpour, Zahra Baradaran-Seyed","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1503","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.1503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Burkholderia pseudomallei, an environmental saprophyte bacterium, causes melioidosis in humans and animals. It was first discovered in Iran between 1967 and 1976 in small ruminants, equines, environments and humans. No subsequent studies have been conducted to determine the existence and prevalence of this pathogen in the country.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aims to monitor the presence of B. pseudomallei in the ruminant population of the Golestan province of Iran, which largely depends on pastures. The ruminants can serve as sentinels to indicate the presence of the bacteria in the environment and its potential impact on human health in the One Health triad.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Liver and lung abscesses from domestic sheep, cattle and goats in three industrial and three conventional slaughterhouses were sampled and analysed using 23S ribosomal DNA polymerase chain reaction (rDNA PCR) with primers CVMP 23-1 and CVP-23-2 for B. pseudomallei, Burkholderia cepacia and Burkholderia vietnamiensis, as well as B. pseudomallei-specific TTS1 real-time PCR, along with microbiological and biochemical assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 97 animals sampled, only 14 (15%) tested positive for 23S rDNA PCR. However, the follow-up evaluation using TTS1 real-time PCR and microbiological and biochemical assays did not confirm the presence of B. pseudomallei in the samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although B. pseudomallei was not detected in the current survey, conducting abattoir-based surveillance of ruminants is a cost-effective One Health approach to monitor pathogenic Burkholderia. Developing standards of clinical and laboratory good practices for Burkholderia infections is crucial for One Health surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11198021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nucleotide sequence characterization, amino acid variations and 3D structural analysis of HN protein of the NDV VIId genotype NDV VIId 基因型 HN 蛋白的核苷酸序列特征、氨基酸变异和三维结构分析
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1491
Amin Tavassoli, Safoura Soleymani, Mohammad Reza Housaindokht
BackgroundHaemagglutinin–neuraminidase (HN) is one of the membrane proteins of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that plays a significant role during host viral infection. Therefore, antibodies against HN are vital for the host's ability to protect itself against NDV infection due to their critical functions in viral infection. As a result, HN has been a candidate protein in vaccine development against the Newcastle disease virus.MethodsThis report used the full‐length sequence of the HN protein of NDV isolated in Iran (VIId subgenotype). We characterize and identify amino acid substitutions in comparison to other more prevalent NDV genotypes, VII subgenotypes and vaccine strains. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools were applied to determine the three‐dimensional structure, molecular dynamics simulation and prediction of B‐cell antigenic epitopes.ResultsThe results showed that the antigenic regions of our isolate are quite comparable to the other VII subgenotypes of NDV isolated from different geographical places. Moreover, by employing the final 3D structure of our HN protein, the amino acid residues are proposed as a B‐cell epitope by epitope prediction servers, which leads to the introduction of linear and conformational antigenic sites.ConclusionsImmunoinformatic vaccine design principles currently exhibit tremendous potential for developing a new generation of candidate vaccines quickly and economically to eradicate infectious viruses, including the NDV. In order to accomplish this, focus is directed on residues that might be considered antigenic.
背景血凝素-神经氨酸酶(HN)是新城疫病毒(NDV)的膜蛋白之一,在宿主病毒感染过程中发挥着重要作用。因此,由于 HN 在病毒感染中的关键功能,针对 HN 的抗体对宿主保护自身免受 NDV 感染的能力至关重要。因此,HN 已成为新城疫病毒疫苗开发中的候选蛋白。本报告使用了在伊朗分离到的 NDV(VIId 亚基因型)HN 蛋白的全长序列。与其他更普遍的 NDV 基因型、VII 亚基因型和疫苗株相比,我们确定了氨基酸替代的特征。此外,我们还应用生物信息学工具确定了三维结构、进行了分子动力学模拟并预测了 B 细胞抗原表位。此外,通过采用我们的 HN 蛋白的最终三维结构,表位预测服务器提出了作为 B 细胞表位的氨基酸残基,从而引入了线性和构象抗原位点。为了实现这一目标,重点应放在可能被认为具有抗原性的残基上。
{"title":"Nucleotide sequence characterization, amino acid variations and 3D structural analysis of HN protein of the NDV VIId genotype","authors":"Amin Tavassoli, Safoura Soleymani, Mohammad Reza Housaindokht","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1491","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundHaemagglutinin–neuraminidase (HN) is one of the membrane proteins of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that plays a significant role during host viral infection. Therefore, antibodies against HN are vital for the host's ability to protect itself against NDV infection due to their critical functions in viral infection. As a result, HN has been a candidate protein in vaccine development against the Newcastle disease virus.MethodsThis report used the full‐length sequence of the HN protein of NDV isolated in Iran (VIId subgenotype). We characterize and identify amino acid substitutions in comparison to other more prevalent NDV genotypes, VII subgenotypes and vaccine strains. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools were applied to determine the three‐dimensional structure, molecular dynamics simulation and prediction of B‐cell antigenic epitopes.ResultsThe results showed that the antigenic regions of our isolate are quite comparable to the other VII subgenotypes of NDV isolated from different geographical places. Moreover, by employing the final 3D structure of our HN protein, the amino acid residues are proposed as a B‐cell epitope by epitope prediction servers, which leads to the introduction of linear and conformational antigenic sites.ConclusionsImmunoinformatic vaccine design principles currently exhibit tremendous potential for developing a new generation of candidate vaccines quickly and economically to eradicate infectious viruses, including the NDV. In order to accomplish this, focus is directed on residues that might be considered antigenic.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isolation of multi‐drug‐resistant strains of Escherichia coli from faecal samples of dogs and cats from Harare, Zimbabwe 从津巴布韦哈拉雷的猫狗粪便样本中分离出具有多重耐药性的大肠杆菌菌株
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1472
Gift Matope, Kudzai Chaima, Beauty Bande, Winnet Bare, Faith Kadzviti, Farai Jinjika, Musavenga Tivapasi
BackgroundThe escalation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in recent years has been of major public health concern globally. Escherichia coli are amongst the bacteria that have been targeted for AMR surveillance due to their ability to cause infection in both animals and humans. Their propensity to produce extended spectrum beta‐lactamases further complicates the choices of treatment regimens.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistance in E. coli strains isolated from faecal samples of dogs and cats from selected veterinary surgeries and animal shelters from Harare, Zimbabwe.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out to select animals by a systematic random procedure. Faecal samples were collected for culture and isolation of E. coli. Their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was assessed using the disc diffusion method.ResultsA total of 95% (133/140) of the samples from cats (n = 40) and dogs (n = 93) yielded E. coli. Resistance was recorded for ampicillin (45.9%), trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole (44.4%), nalidixic acid (29.3%), ceftazidime (15.8%) and azithromycin (12.8%), but not for gentamicin and imipenem. A total of 18% of the isolates were multi‐drug‐resistant where resistance to nalidixic acid, ampicillin and trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole predominated.ConclusionWe observed relatively high AMR of E. coli strains against ampicillin. The isolation of multi‐drug‐resistant strains of E. coli may signal the dissemination of resistance genes in the ecosystem of these bacteria which may have a public health impact.
背景近年来,抗菌素耐药性(AMR)的升级已成为全球公共卫生的主要问题。由于大肠埃希菌能够引起动物和人类感染,因此成为 AMR 监测的目标细菌之一。目的 调查从津巴布韦哈拉雷选定的兽医诊所和动物收容所的猫狗粪便样本中分离出的大肠杆菌菌株的抗菌药耐药性流行情况。收集粪便样本用于培养和分离大肠杆菌。结果 95% (133/140) 的猫样本(n = 40)和狗样本(n = 93)都检出了大肠杆菌。对氨苄西林(45.9%)、三甲氧苄青霉素-磺胺甲噁唑(44.4%)、萘啶酸(29.3%)、头孢唑肟(15.8%)和阿奇霉素(12.8%)有耐药性,但对庆大霉素和亚胺培南没有耐药性。共有 18% 的分离菌株对多种药物产生耐药性,其中主要是对萘啶酸、氨苄西林和三甲氧苄青霉素-磺胺甲噁唑产生耐药性。分离出对多种药物耐药的大肠杆菌菌株可能预示着耐药基因在这些细菌的生态系统中传播,这可能会对公共卫生产生影响。
{"title":"Isolation of multi‐drug‐resistant strains of Escherichia coli from faecal samples of dogs and cats from Harare, Zimbabwe","authors":"Gift Matope, Kudzai Chaima, Beauty Bande, Winnet Bare, Faith Kadzviti, Farai Jinjika, Musavenga Tivapasi","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1472","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe escalation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in recent years has been of major public health concern globally. <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> are amongst the bacteria that have been targeted for AMR surveillance due to their ability to cause infection in both animals and humans. Their propensity to produce extended spectrum beta‐lactamases further complicates the choices of treatment regimens.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistance in <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> strains isolated from faecal samples of dogs and cats from selected veterinary surgeries and animal shelters from Harare, Zimbabwe.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out to select animals by a systematic random procedure. Faecal samples were collected for culture and isolation of <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>. Their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs was assessed using the disc diffusion method.ResultsA total of 95% (133/140) of the samples from cats (<jats:italic>n </jats:italic>= 40) and dogs (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 93) yielded <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>. Resistance was recorded for ampicillin (45.9%), trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole (44.4%), nalidixic acid (29.3%), ceftazidime (15.8%) and azithromycin (12.8%), but not for gentamicin and imipenem. A total of 18% of the isolates were multi‐drug‐resistant where resistance to nalidixic acid, ampicillin and trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole predominated.ConclusionWe observed relatively high AMR of <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> strains against ampicillin. The isolation of multi‐drug‐resistant strains of <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> may signal the dissemination of resistance genes in the ecosystem of these bacteria which may have a public health impact.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unusual left colon displacement and clockwise torsion in a 10‐month‐old Arab filly: A case report 一匹 10 个月大的阿拉伯雌马出现异常左结肠移位和顺时针方向扭转:病例报告
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1481
Saeed Azizi, Ramin Mazaheri‐Khameneh, Farshid Davoodi, Mohammad Mahdi Gooran, Seyed Siavash Ghoreishi, Nima Mozaffari, Bahram Dalir‐Naghadeh
In this case report, we present an unusual clockwise torsion of left colon around mesenteric root in a 10‐month‐old Arab filly, highlighting the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach and successful surgical intervention.A 10‐month‐old Arab filly weighing approximately 250 kg was referred with signs of acute abdominal pain. The history revealed anorexia, restlessness and severe abdominal pain that had begun the previous day. The local practitioner had previously administered flunixin meglumine, an analgesic, but it proved ineffective in relieving the pain. Upon physical examination, the filly exhibited sweating, a body temperature of 38.5°C, tachycardia (65 beats per minute) and tachypnea (25 breaths per minute). Due to the severity of the colic and the lack of response to the conservative treatments, surgical intervention was deemed necessary. An exploratory midline celiotomy was performed to evaluate the abdominal organs. During the examination, no obvious primary lesions were identified in the evaluated organs. However, a restriction in exteriorizing the left colon's length was observed. Further examination revealed an unusual clockwise torsion of the left colon that displaced in left to the right side around the mesenteric root; thereby, pelvic flexure was located in the normal anatomical position with a short length.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of clockwise torsion and an atypical displacement of the left colon in horses. The surgical correction of the displacement was successfully performed. The filly showed improvement post‐surgery and did not exhibit any complications during the recovery period.
在本病例报告中,我们介绍了一匹 10 个月大的阿拉伯雌马左侧结肠绕肠系膜根部顺时针扭转的不寻常病例,重点介绍了临床表现、诊断方法和成功的手术干预。病史显示,该病前一天开始出现厌食、烦躁不安和剧烈腹痛。当地医生之前曾给它注射过镇痛药氟尼辛葡甲胺,但效果不佳。经体格检查,小母马出汗、体温 38.5°C、心动过速(每分钟 65 次)和呼吸过速(每分钟 25 次)。由于绞痛严重,且保守治疗效果不佳,医生认为有必要进行手术治疗。为了评估腹部器官,医生对它进行了探查性中线开腹手术。在检查过程中,所评估的器官没有发现明显的原发性病变。但观察到左侧结肠的外部长度受到限制。进一步检查发现,左侧结肠顺时针方向发生异常扭转,左侧结肠绕肠系膜根部向右侧移位,因此骨盆弯曲位于正常解剖位置,长度较短。据我们所知,这是首次报道马匹顺时针扭转和左结肠非典型移位的病例。小马术后情况有所好转,恢复期间未出现任何并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of swimming activity and feed restriction on antioxidant and digestive enzymes in juvenile rainbow trout: Implications for nutritional and exercise strategies in aquaculture 游泳活动和饲料限制对幼年虹鳟抗氧化剂和消化酶的影响:对水产养殖中营养和运动策略的影响
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1466
Gökhan Tunçelli, Onur Ertik, Bertan Boran Bayrak, Devrim Memiş, Refiye Yanardag
BackgroundIn this study, we investigated the effects of swimming activity and feed restriction on digestion and antioxidant enzyme activities in juvenile rainbow trout (average body weight of 26.54 ± 0.36 g).MethodsThe stomach, liver and kidney tissues were obtained from four distinct groups: the static water group (fish were kept in static water and fed to satiation), the feeding restricted group (fish were kept in static water with a 25% feed restriction), the swimming exercised group (fish were forced to swimming at a flow rate of 1 Body Length per second (BL/s)) and the swimming exercised‐feed restricted group (subjected to swimming exercise at a 1 BL/s flow rate along with a 25% feed restriction). We determined the levels of glutathione, lipid peroxidation and the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as the presence of reactive oxygen species in the tissues obtained from the fish. Additionally, the activities of pepsin, protease, lipase and arginase in these tissues were measured.ResultsSwimming activity and feed restriction showed different effects on the enzyme activities of the fish in the experimental groups.ConclusionIt can be concluded that proper nutrition and exercise positively influence the antioxidant system and enzyme activities in fish, reducing the formation of free radicals. This situation is likely to contribute to the fish's development.
背景本研究探讨了游泳活动和限饲对虹鳟幼鱼(平均体重为 26.54 ± 0.36 g)消化和抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法 我们从四组不同的虹鳟鱼身上采集了胃、肝和肾组织:静水组(在静水中饲养并喂食至饱腹)、限饲组(在静水中饲养并限饲 25%)、游泳运动组(强迫鱼以每秒 1 个体长(BL/s)的流速游泳)和游泳运动-限饲组(以每秒 1 个体长的流速进行游泳运动并限饲 25%)。我们测定了鱼体组织中谷胱甘肽、脂质过氧化物的水平,以及过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶和乳酸脱氢酶的活性,以及活性氧的存在。此外,还测量了这些组织中胃蛋白酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶和精氨酸酶的活性。结果游泳活动和饲料限制对实验组鱼类酶活性的影响不同。这种情况可能有助于鱼类的生长发育。
{"title":"Effects of swimming activity and feed restriction on antioxidant and digestive enzymes in juvenile rainbow trout: Implications for nutritional and exercise strategies in aquaculture","authors":"Gökhan Tunçelli, Onur Ertik, Bertan Boran Bayrak, Devrim Memiş, Refiye Yanardag","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1466","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundIn this study, we investigated the effects of swimming activity and feed restriction on digestion and antioxidant enzyme activities in juvenile rainbow trout (average body weight of 26.54 ± 0.36 g).MethodsThe stomach, liver and kidney tissues were obtained from four distinct groups: the static water group (fish were kept in static water and fed to satiation), the feeding restricted group (fish were kept in static water with a 25% feed restriction), the swimming exercised group (fish were forced to swimming at a flow rate of 1 Body Length per second (BL/s)) and the swimming exercised‐feed restricted group (subjected to swimming exercise at a 1 BL/s flow rate along with a 25% feed restriction). We determined the levels of glutathione, lipid peroxidation and the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as the presence of reactive oxygen species in the tissues obtained from the fish. Additionally, the activities of pepsin, protease, lipase and arginase in these tissues were measured.ResultsSwimming activity and feed restriction showed different effects on the enzyme activities of the fish in the experimental groups.ConclusionIt can be concluded that proper nutrition and exercise positively influence the antioxidant system and enzyme activities in fish, reducing the formation of free radicals. This situation is likely to contribute to the fish's development.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140835769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the restorative effect of ozone and chitosan–hyaluronic acid with and without mesenchymal stem cells on wound healing in rats 评估臭氧和壳聚糖-透明质酸(含或不含间充质干细胞)对大鼠伤口愈合的修复作用
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1439
Mahshid Shabani, Siavash Sharifi, Iraj Karimi, Sadegh Shirian, Milad Fadaei, Esmaeil Mirzaei
This study evaluated the effect of ozone, chitosan–hyaluronic (Cs–HA) acid and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on wound healing in rats. A total of 64 rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, ozone, Cs–HA + ozone and Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs. A 5 mm full‐thickness wound was created on the back of each rat. The wound area was measured macroscopically on days 3, 5, 9 and 14. Tissue sections were prepared for histopathological evaluation of inflammation, collagen arrangement, neovascularization and epithelial tissue rearrangement. Macroscopic assessment showed differences in wound area on days 5, 9 and 14. Histopathological examination showed that the Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs and Cs–HA + ozone groups had significantly higher vascularization on day 3 compared to the ozone‐treated and control groups. All treatment groups had significantly better collagen arrangement than the control group. On day 5, no significant difference was observed between different groups. On day 9, the inflammation level in the Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs group was significantly lower than in the other groups. All treatment groups had significantly better vascularization compared to the control group. On day 14, the rate of inflammation was significantly lower in the treatment groups than in the control group. Significantly higher collagen arrangement levels were observed in the Cs–HA + ozone and Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs groups compared to the control and ozone groups. All treatment groups had significantly better epithelial tissue rearrangement than the control group. Overall, the results of this study indicated that treatment with ozone, Cs–HA acid, Cs–HA and MSCs accelerated wound healing in rats. The effect of using Cs–HA acid with mesenchymal cells was better than the other types of treatment. Larger clinical trials are needed to assess these factors for improving chronic wound treatment.
本研究评估了臭氧、壳聚糖-透明质酸(Cs-HA)和间充质干细胞(MSCs)对大鼠伤口愈合的影响。共 64 只大鼠被随机分为四组:对照组、臭氧组、Cs-HA + 臭氧组和 Cs-HA + 臭氧 + 间充质干细胞组。每只大鼠背部均有一个 5 毫米的全厚伤口。在第 3、5、9 和 14 天对伤口面积进行宏观测量。制备组织切片,对炎症、胶原排列、新生血管和上皮组织重排进行组织病理学评估。宏观评估显示,第 5、9 和 14 天的伤口面积存在差异。组织病理学检查显示,与臭氧处理组和对照组相比,Cs-HA + 臭氧 + 间充质干细胞组和 Cs-HA + 臭氧组在第 3 天的血管化程度明显更高。所有治疗组的胶原排列都明显优于对照组。第 5 天,不同组间无明显差异。第 9 天,Cs-HA + 臭氧 + 间充质干细胞组的炎症水平明显低于其他组。与对照组相比,所有治疗组的血管化情况都明显好转。第 14 天,治疗组的炎症发生率明显低于对照组。与对照组和臭氧组相比,Cs-HA + 臭氧组和 Cs-HA + 臭氧 + 间充质干细胞组的胶原排列水平明显更高。所有治疗组的上皮组织重排情况均明显优于对照组。总之,本研究结果表明,臭氧、Cs-HA 酸、Cs-HA 和间充质干细胞可加速大鼠伤口愈合。使用 Cs-HA 酸和间充质细胞的效果优于其他类型的治疗。需要更大规模的临床试验来评估这些改善慢性伤口治疗的因素。
{"title":"Evaluation of the restorative effect of ozone and chitosan–hyaluronic acid with and without mesenchymal stem cells on wound healing in rats","authors":"Mahshid Shabani, Siavash Sharifi, Iraj Karimi, Sadegh Shirian, Milad Fadaei, Esmaeil Mirzaei","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1439","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effect of ozone, chitosan–hyaluronic (Cs–HA) acid and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on wound healing in rats. A total of 64 rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, ozone, Cs–HA + ozone and Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs. A 5 mm full‐thickness wound was created on the back of each rat. The wound area was measured macroscopically on days 3, 5, 9 and 14. Tissue sections were prepared for histopathological evaluation of inflammation, collagen arrangement, neovascularization and epithelial tissue rearrangement. Macroscopic assessment showed differences in wound area on days 5, 9 and 14. Histopathological examination showed that the Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs and Cs–HA + ozone groups had significantly higher vascularization on day 3 compared to the ozone‐treated and control groups. All treatment groups had significantly better collagen arrangement than the control group. On day 5, no significant difference was observed between different groups. On day 9, the inflammation level in the Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs group was significantly lower than in the other groups. All treatment groups had significantly better vascularization compared to the control group. On day 14, the rate of inflammation was significantly lower in the treatment groups than in the control group. Significantly higher collagen arrangement levels were observed in the Cs–HA + ozone and Cs–HA + ozone + MSCs groups compared to the control and ozone groups. All treatment groups had significantly better epithelial tissue rearrangement than the control group. Overall, the results of this study indicated that treatment with ozone, Cs–HA acid, Cs–HA and MSCs accelerated wound healing in rats. The effect of using Cs–HA acid with mesenchymal cells was better than the other types of treatment. Larger clinical trials are needed to assess these factors for improving chronic wound treatment.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140836532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A global systematic review and meta‐analysis on the babesiosis in dogs with special reference to Babesia canis 关于犬巴贝西亚原虫病的全球系统回顾和荟萃分析,特别是犬巴贝西亚原虫病
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1427
Amir Abdoli, Meysam Olfatifar, Milad Badri, Leila Zaki, Behzad Bijani, Majid Pirestani, Kareem Hatam‐Nahavandi, Aida Vafae Eslahi, Panagiotis Karanis
BackgroundCanine babesiosis is a clinically significant tick‐transmitted disease caused by several species of the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite Babesia, which result in a wide range of clinical manifestations, from mild, transient infection to serious disease and even death.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to estimate the global prevalence and associated risk factors of Babesia in dogs.MethodsMultiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were searched for relevant literature published from January 2000 up to December 2022. The statistical analyses were performed based on the R software (version 3.6) meta‐package.ResultsOut of 23,864 publications, 229 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of canine babesiosis was 0.120 (95% CI; 0.097–0.146). The highest pooled prevalence was found in Europe (0.207, 95% CI; 0.097–0.344). Among several species, Babesia canis was the most prevalent parasite (0.216, 95% CI; 0.056–0.441). The highest pooled prevalence of Babesia in dogs was observed in the summer season (0.097, 95% CI; 0.040–0.174).ConclusionsRegular screening and appropriate control strategies are recommended for the prevention of transmission of tick‐borne disease transmission among dogs.
背景犬巴贝斯虫病是一种临床意义重大的蜱虫传播疾病,由多种红细胞内原生动物巴贝斯虫引起,可导致多种临床表现,从轻微的一过性感染到严重的疾病甚至死亡。方法在多个数据库(PubMed、Scopus、ProQuest、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar)中检索 2000 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月期间发表的相关文献。结果在 23864 篇文献中,有 229 项研究符合纳入标准。犬巴贝西亚原虫病的汇总流行率为 0.120 (95% CI; 0.097-0.146)。欧洲的综合流行率最高(0.207,95% CI;0.097-0.344)。在几种寄生虫中,犬巴贝斯虫的流行率最高(0.216,95% CI;0.056-0.441)。结论建议定期筛查并采取适当的控制策略,以预防蜱媒疾病在犬只中的传播。
{"title":"A global systematic review and meta‐analysis on the babesiosis in dogs with special reference to Babesia canis","authors":"Amir Abdoli, Meysam Olfatifar, Milad Badri, Leila Zaki, Behzad Bijani, Majid Pirestani, Kareem Hatam‐Nahavandi, Aida Vafae Eslahi, Panagiotis Karanis","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1427","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCanine babesiosis is a clinically significant tick‐transmitted disease caused by several species of the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite <jats:italic>Babesia</jats:italic>, which result in a wide range of clinical manifestations, from mild, transient infection to serious disease and even death.ObjectivesThe current study aimed to estimate the global prevalence and associated risk factors of <jats:italic>Babesia</jats:italic> in dogs.MethodsMultiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were searched for relevant literature published from January 2000 up to December 2022. The statistical analyses were performed based on the R software (version 3.6) meta‐package.ResultsOut of 23,864 publications, 229 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of canine babesiosis was 0.120 (95% CI; 0.097–0.146). The highest pooled prevalence was found in Europe (0.207, 95% CI; 0.097–0.344). Among several species, <jats:italic>Babesia canis</jats:italic> was the most prevalent parasite (0.216, 95% CI; 0.056–0.441). The highest pooled prevalence of <jats:italic>Babesia</jats:italic> in dogs was observed in the summer season (0.097, 95% CI; 0.040–0.174).ConclusionsRegular screening and appropriate control strategies are recommended for the prevention of transmission of tick‐borne disease transmission among dogs.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140835998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Veterinary Medicine and Science
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