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Effect of birth type and sex on growth performance, wither height, humerus‐radius bone dimensions, humerus–ulna growth plate width and selected hormone profile in growing Gurcu goat kids 出生类型和性别对生长中的古尔库山羊幼崽的生长性能、躯干高度、肱骨半径骨骼尺寸、肱骨外侧生长板宽度和所选激素谱的影响
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70013
Buket Boğa Kuru, Enes Akyüz, Uğur Aydın, Mushap Kuru, Fikret Bektaşoğlu, Mert Sezer, Uğur Yıldız, Turgut Kırmızıbayrak
ObjectivesIn this study, the effects of sex and birth type on growth performance, withers height (WH), radiographic measurements and selected hormone profiles in Gurcu goat kids were investigated.MethodsTwenty kids (single female = 5, single male = 5, twin female = 5, twin male = 5) were included in the study. Body weight (BW), WH, radiographic measurements (humerus length [HL], radius length [RL], proximal humerus epiphyseal plate width [HEP] and distal ulna epiphyseal plate width [UEP]) and biochemical analysis (for serum calcitonin, free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4], growth hormone [GH] and insulin‐like growth factor‐I [IGF‐I]) were performed at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 months of age.ResultsBW was significantly higher in males starting from the seventh month compared to females (p < 0.05). HL was higher in males at seventh (p = 0.009) and ninth (p = 0.033) months, whereas RL was lower in twins at the third month (p = 0.021). UEP was wider in males at seventh (p = 0.008) and ninth (p = 0.036) months. Closure of HEP was observed in 65% of kids by the 12th month. Calcitonin was lower in twins at third (p = 0.045) and fifth (p = 0.006) months, with changes observed due to group and time effects (p < 0.05), whereas other hormones only changed with time (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between BW, WH, HL, RL and IGF‐I. There was a negative correlation between BW, WH, HL, RL, IGF‐I and HEP, UEP, calcitonin, FT3, FT4, GH.ConclusionSex and birth type in Gurcu goat kids may have an impact on growth performance, radiographic measurements and certain hormonal profiles.
目的 本研究调查了性别和出生类型对 Gurcu 山羊幼崽的生长性能、胸围(WH)、X 射线测量值和某些激素谱的影响。方法 本研究纳入了 20 个幼崽(单雌=5、单雄=5、双雌=5、双雄=5)。体重(BW)、体温(WH)、放射学测量(肱骨长度[HL]、桡骨长度[RL]、肱骨近端骺板宽度[HEP]和尺骨远端骺板宽度[UEP])和生化分析(血清降钙素、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸[FIT]、血清降钙素、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸[FIT])、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸 [FT3]、游离甲状腺素 [FT4]、生长激素 [GH] 和胰岛素样生长因子-I [IGF-I])。结果 从第七个月开始,雄性的体重明显高于雌性(p <0.05)。雄性在七个月(p = 0.009)和九个月(p = 0.033)时HL较高,而双胞胎在第三个月时RL较低(p = 0.021)。男性在 7 个月(p = 0.008)和 9 个月(p = 0.036)时,UEP 较宽。65% 的孩子在第 12 个月时 HEP 闭合。双胞胎的降钙素在第三个月(p = 0.045)和第五个月(p = 0.006)时较低,观察到的变化是由组别和时间效应引起的(p < 0.05),而其他激素仅随时间变化(p < 0.05)。体重、WH、HL、RL 和 IGF-I 之间呈正相关。结论Gurcu山羊幼崽的性别和出生类型可能会对生长性能、放射学测量和某些激素谱产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
Suspected paroxysmal dyskinesia in four small‐breed dogs: Clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prognosis 四只小型犬疑似阵发性运动障碍:临床表现、诊断、处理和预后
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70015
Minji Kim, Heesoo Cho, Unghui Kim, Sangkyung Choen, YoungMin Yun, Woo‐Jin Song
This case report details the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and prognosis of paroxysmal dyskinesia (PD) in four small‐breed dogs, each weighing under 6 kg: A 7‐year‐old spayed female Pomeranian, an 8‐year‐old female mixed breed, a 1‐year‐old female Pomeranian and a 9‐year‐old castrated male Poodle. These dogs were referred to our hospital due to movement disorders. Diagnosis was facilitated by video recordings of the episodes, assessing motor activity, consciousness, episode duration, any pre‐ or post‐episodic behaviour as well as the presence of autonomic signs. Magnetic resonance imaging conducted on two of the dogs returned unremarkable results. Treatment trials included a gluten‐free diet for all four dogs, with two also receiving acetazolamide. This intervention led to a decrease in the frequency of abnormal movement in all patients. Our findings suggest that PD in dogs can be effectively diagnosed through detailed symptom description using videos and questionnaires. Furthermore, once diagnosed, a combination of nutritional and medical management can be beneficial.
本病例报告详细介绍了四只体重不足 6 千克的小型犬阵发性运动障碍(PD)的临床表现、诊断、治疗和预后:它们分别是一只 7 岁的绝育雌性博美犬、一只 8 岁的雌性混血犬、一只 1 岁的雌性博美犬和一只 9 岁的阉割雄性贵宾犬。这些狗都是因为运动障碍而被转诊到我们医院的。通过对发作过程进行录像,评估运动活动、意识、发作持续时间、发作前或发作后的行为以及是否存在自主神经体征,有助于诊断。对其中两只狗进行的磁共振成像检查结果无异常。治疗试验包括为所有四只狗提供无麸质饮食,其中两只狗还接受了乙酰唑胺治疗。这种干预措施降低了所有患者的异常运动频率。我们的研究结果表明,通过使用视频和问卷对症状进行详细描述,可以有效诊断出狗的帕金森病。此外,一旦确诊,结合营养和药物治疗也是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the detection method by a flotation method using a wire loop for gastrointestinal parasites. 评估使用线环浮选法检测胃肠道寄生虫的方法。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70007
Aruto Takano, Daikichi Morinaga, Isao Teramoto, Toshimitsu Hatabu, Yasutoshi Kido, Akira Kaneko, Takeshi Hatta, Naotoshi Tsuji, Shigehiko Uni, Kazumi Sasai, Hiromitsu Katoh, Makoto Matsubayashi

Infections by gastrointestinal parasites are found in a variety of animals worldwide. For the diagnosis of such infections, the flotation method is commonly used to detect parasitic microorganisms, such as oocysts or eggs, in feces. Instead of adding a flotation solution after the final centrifugation step and using a cover slip to collect the parasites, the method using a wire loop for the recovery of the organisms has been reported as one of alternative methods. However, the recovery rates of microorganisms from the flotation method have not been analysed. In the present study, the utility of a flotation method with the use of a wire loop of 8 mm in diameter (the loop method) was evaluated using different numbers of E. tenella oocysts and Heterakis gallinarum eggs, and chicken fecal samples collected at the farms. Consequently, we found that the oocysts and eggs in tubes could be collected at a ratio of 2.00 to 3.08. Thus, our results indicate that the loop method is a simple and time saving method, implicating the application for the estimated OPG/ EPG (Oocysts/Eggs per gram) of the samples.

胃肠道寄生虫感染在世界各地的各种动物中都有发现。在诊断这类感染时,通常采用浮选法检测粪便中的寄生虫微生物,如卵囊或虫卵。作为替代方法之一,有报道称使用铁丝圈回收微生物的方法取代了在最后离心步骤后添加浮选溶液和使用盖玻片收集寄生虫的方法。不过,尚未对浮选法的微生物回收率进行分析。在本研究中,我们使用不同数量的天牛卵囊和五倍子母鸡卵以及在养殖场收集的鸡粪便样本,评估了使用直径为 8 毫米的金属丝圈(金属丝圈法)进行浮选的方法的实用性。结果发现,管内卵囊和虫卵的收集比例为 2.00 到 3.08。因此,我们的结果表明,循环法是一种简单、省时的方法,可用于估算样本的 OPG/EPG(每克卵囊数/虫卵数)。
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引用次数: 0
Association between body condition score and abdominal fat assessed by ultrasound in Jersey cows. 泽西牛体况评分与超声波评估的腹部脂肪之间的关系。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1515
Pedro Melendez, Daniela Redrovan, Prasanth K Chelikani

Background: Body condition score (BCS) is a subjective tool and the deposition of subcutaneous fat differs from the deposition of abdominal fat.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate by multivariate regression models and ultrasonography the amount of fat accumulated in different areas of the abdominal cavity in Jersey non-pregnant non-lactating cows and its association with their BCS.

Methods: From a commercial farm, 21 non-pregnant non-lactating Jersey cows were selected at random. Cows were placed in a headlock line, and BCS was evaluated (scale 1-5 with a 0.25 unit increment) by the same assessor. Ultrasonographic evaluation was performed using a Sonosite machine in duplicate, considering key anatomical points of the body to predict total abdominal fat (AT), retroperitoneal fat (RT), omental fat (OT) and mesenteric fat (MT). A regression analysis for each abdominal fat depot and the BCS was run using SAS.

Results: Models from the lowest to the largest r2 are reported. The r2 for the models were MT r2 = 0.023; RT r2 = 0.1047; OT r2 = 0.323 and AT r2 = 0.369. Correlation between BCS and abdominal fat depots was positive, lower for mesenteric and retroperitoneal fat, but higher for omental and total abdominal fat. Cows were divided on the basis of the median of BCS distribution to high (≥3.5) and low (≤3.25). Those with high BCS had significantly larger amounts of fat in different anatomical areas of abdominal cavity than cows with low BCS.

Conclusion: BCS has a low-to-moderate association with abdominal fat depots, but a high variability exists within each BCS punctuation, which supports the notion that fat accumulation patterns and metabolic turnover between abdominal and subcutaneous fat differ from each other.

背景:体况评分(BCS)是一种主观工具,皮下脂肪的沉积不同于腹部脂肪的沉积:本研究旨在通过多元回归模型和超声波检查评估泽西非妊娠非哺乳奶牛腹腔不同部位的脂肪堆积量及其与体况评分(BCS)的关系:方法:从一个商业化牧场随机挑选 21 头未孕未哺乳娟姗牛。将奶牛置于锁头线中,由同一评估员对其BCS进行评估(1-5级,每级递增0.25个单位)。使用 Sonosite 机器进行超声波评估,一式两份,考虑身体的关键解剖点,预测腹部总脂肪 (AT)、腹膜后脂肪 (RT)、网膜脂肪 (OT) 和肠系膜脂肪 (MT)。使用 SAS 对每个腹部脂肪库和 BCS 进行了回归分析:报告了 r2 从小到大的模型。模型的 r2 分别为 MT r2 = 0.023;RT r2 = 0.1047;OT r2 = 0.323 和 AT r2 = 0.369。BCS与腹部脂肪储量呈正相关,肠系膜和腹膜后脂肪储量较低,但网膜和总腹部脂肪储量较高。根据 BCS 分布的中位数将奶牛分为高(≥3.5)和低(≤3.25)两个等级。与低BCS奶牛相比,高BCS奶牛腹腔不同解剖区域的脂肪量明显较多:结论:BCS与腹部脂肪储藏有中低程度的关联,但在每个BCS点内存在很大的变异性,这支持了腹部脂肪和皮下脂肪之间的脂肪积累模式和新陈代谢互不相同的观点。
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引用次数: 0
A field evaluation of a new porcine circovirus type 2d and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bivalent vaccine in herds suffering from subclinical PCV2d infection and enzootic pneumonia. 新型猪圆环病毒 2d 型和肺炎支原体二价疫苗在亚临床 PCV2d 感染和流行性肺炎猪群中的实地评估。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70001
Sehyeong Ham, Jeongmin Suh, Chonghan Kim, Byoung-Joo Seo, Gyeong-Seo Park, Chanhee Chae

Background: This field efficacy study was designed to determine the efficacy of a new bivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2d (PCV2d) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at three independent pig farms.

Methods: Three pig farms were selected based on their history of subclinical PCV2 infection and enzootic pneumonia. Each farm housed a total of 40, 18-day-old pigs that were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups. Pigs were administered a 2.0 mL dose of the bivalent vaccine intramuscularly at 21 days of age in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, whereas unvaccinated pigs were administered a single dose of phosphate-buffered saline at the same age.

Results: Clinically, the average daily weight gain of vaccinated groups was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of unvaccinated animals during the growing (70-112 days of age), finishing (112-175 days of age) and overall (3-175 days of age) stages of production. Vaccinated animals elicited neutralizing anti-PCV2 antibodies and PCV2d-specific interferon-γ secreting cells (IFN-γ-SC), which reduced the amount of PCV2d genomic copies in blood and reduced lymphoid lesions severity when compared with unvaccinated animals. Similarly, vaccinated animals elicited M. hyopneumoniae-specific IFN-γ-SC, which reduced the amount of M. hyopneumoniae in the larynx and reduced lung lesions severity.

Conclusions: The result of the field trial demonstrated that the bivalent vaccine was efficacious in the protection of swine herds suffering from subclinical PCV2d infection and enzootic pneumonia.

背景:本现场药效研究旨在确定含有猪圆环病毒 2d 型(PCV2d)和肺炎支原体的新型二价疫苗在三个独立猪场的药效:根据猪场亚临床 PCV2 感染和流行性肺炎的历史,选择了三个猪场。每个猪场共饲养 40 头 18 日龄猪,随机分配到 2 个治疗组中的 1 个。按照生产商的建议,猪在 21 日龄时肌肉注射 2.0 mL 剂量的二价疫苗,而未接种疫苗的猪则在同一日龄注射单剂量磷酸盐缓冲盐水:从临床上看,接种疫苗组的平均日增重显著高于未接种疫苗组(p 结论:接种疫苗组的平均日增重显著高于未接种疫苗组):现场试验结果表明,二价疫苗可有效保护患有亚临床 PCV2d 感染和流行性肺炎的猪群。
{"title":"A field evaluation of a new porcine circovirus type 2d and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bivalent vaccine in herds suffering from subclinical PCV2d infection and enzootic pneumonia.","authors":"Sehyeong Ham, Jeongmin Suh, Chonghan Kim, Byoung-Joo Seo, Gyeong-Seo Park, Chanhee Chae","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This field efficacy study was designed to determine the efficacy of a new bivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2d (PCV2d) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at three independent pig farms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three pig farms were selected based on their history of subclinical PCV2 infection and enzootic pneumonia. Each farm housed a total of 40, 18-day-old pigs that were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups. Pigs were administered a 2.0 mL dose of the bivalent vaccine intramuscularly at 21 days of age in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, whereas unvaccinated pigs were administered a single dose of phosphate-buffered saline at the same age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinically, the average daily weight gain of vaccinated groups was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of unvaccinated animals during the growing (70-112 days of age), finishing (112-175 days of age) and overall (3-175 days of age) stages of production. Vaccinated animals elicited neutralizing anti-PCV2 antibodies and PCV2d-specific interferon-γ secreting cells (IFN-γ-SC), which reduced the amount of PCV2d genomic copies in blood and reduced lymphoid lesions severity when compared with unvaccinated animals. Similarly, vaccinated animals elicited M. hyopneumoniae-specific IFN-γ-SC, which reduced the amount of M. hyopneumoniae in the larynx and reduced lung lesions severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The result of the field trial demonstrated that the bivalent vaccine was efficacious in the protection of swine herds suffering from subclinical PCV2d infection and enzootic pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparation, pharmacokinetics and anti-obesity effects on dogs of nuciferine liposomes. 核iferine 脂质体的制备、药物动力学及对狗的抗肥胖作用。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70017
Jiang Lu, Yi-Tian Xu, Xiao-Liang Qian, Dao-Xian Zhu, Jin-Ye Lu, Hui Ma, Jing Liu

Background: Nuciferine (NUC), a natural compound extracted from lotus leaves, has been proven to have anti-obesity effects. However, the development and application of NUC as an anti-obesity drug in dogs are hindered due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability.

Objective: To promote the development of NUC-related products for anti-obesity in dogs, this study prepared NUC into a liposome formulation and evaluated its characteristics, pharmacokinetics in dogs, and anti-obesity effects on high-fat diet dogs.

Methods: NUC liposomes were prepared by the ethanol injection method, using NUC, egg lecithin, and β-sitosterol as raw materials. The characteristics and release rate in vitro of liposomes were evaluated by particle size analyser and dialysis method, respectively. The pharmacokinetics in dogs after oral administration of NUC-liposomes was carried out by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Moreover, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of NUC-liposomes on obese dogs fed with a high-fat diet.

Results: NUC-liposome was successfully prepared, with an EE of (79.31 ± 1.06)%, a particle size of (81.25 ± 3.14) nm, a zeta potential of (-18.75 ± 0.23) mV, and a PDI of 0.175 ± 0.031. The cumulative release rate in vitro of NUC from NUC-liposomes was slower than that of NUC. The T1/2 and relative bioavailability of NUC-liposomes in dogs increased, and CL reduced compared with NUC. In addition, the preventive effect of NUC-liposomes on obesity in high-fat diet dogs is stronger than that of NUC.

Conclusions: The liposome formulation of NUC was conducive to improve its relative bioavailability and anti-obesity effect in dogs.

背景:从荷叶中提取的天然化合物 Nuciferine(NUC)已被证实具有抗肥胖作用。然而,由于 NUC 的水溶性差、生物利用度低等原因,其作为犬用抗肥胖药物的开发和应用受到了阻碍:为了促进狗用 NUC 相关抗肥胖产品的开发,本研究将 NUC 制备成脂质体制剂,并评估了其特性、在狗体内的药代动力学以及对高脂饮食狗的抗肥胖效果:方法:以NUC、鸡蛋卵磷脂和β-谷甾醇为原料,采用乙醇注射法制备NUC脂质体。分别用粒度分析仪和透析法评价了脂质体的特性和体外释放率。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对狗口服 NUC 脂质体后的药代动力学进行了研究。此外,我们还研究了 NUC 脂质体对以高脂饮食喂养的肥胖犬的抗肥胖作用:结果:成功制备了 NUC 脂质体,其 EE 为 (79.31 ± 1.06)%,粒径为 (81.25 ± 3.14) nm,zeta 电位为 (-18.75 ± 0.23) mV,PDI 为 0.175 ± 0.031。NUC 脂质体中 NUC 的体外累积释放速率比 NUC 慢。与 NUC 相比,NUC 脂质体在狗体内的 T1/2 和相对生物利用度增加,CL 降低。此外,与 NUC 相比,NUC 脂质体对高脂饮食犬肥胖症的预防作用更强:结论:NUC脂质体制剂有利于提高其在狗体内的相对生物利用度和抗肥胖效果。
{"title":"Preparation, pharmacokinetics and anti-obesity effects on dogs of nuciferine liposomes.","authors":"Jiang Lu, Yi-Tian Xu, Xiao-Liang Qian, Dao-Xian Zhu, Jin-Ye Lu, Hui Ma, Jing Liu","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuciferine (NUC), a natural compound extracted from lotus leaves, has been proven to have anti-obesity effects. However, the development and application of NUC as an anti-obesity drug in dogs are hindered due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To promote the development of NUC-related products for anti-obesity in dogs, this study prepared NUC into a liposome formulation and evaluated its characteristics, pharmacokinetics in dogs, and anti-obesity effects on high-fat diet dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NUC liposomes were prepared by the ethanol injection method, using NUC, egg lecithin, and β-sitosterol as raw materials. The characteristics and release rate in vitro of liposomes were evaluated by particle size analyser and dialysis method, respectively. The pharmacokinetics in dogs after oral administration of NUC-liposomes was carried out by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Moreover, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of NUC-liposomes on obese dogs fed with a high-fat diet.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NUC-liposome was successfully prepared, with an EE of (79.31 ± 1.06)%, a particle size of (81.25 ± 3.14) nm, a zeta potential of (-18.75 ± 0.23) mV, and a PDI of 0.175 ± 0.031. The cumulative release rate in vitro of NUC from NUC-liposomes was slower than that of NUC. The T<sub>1/2</sub> and relative bioavailability of NUC-liposomes in dogs increased, and CL reduced compared with NUC. In addition, the preventive effect of NUC-liposomes on obesity in high-fat diet dogs is stronger than that of NUC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The liposome formulation of NUC was conducive to improve its relative bioavailability and anti-obesity effect in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence and associated risk factors of hydatidosis in cattle slaughtered at Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir. 沃莱塔-索多市屠宰场屠宰的牛中包虫病的发病率和相关风险因素。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70008
Habtamu Endale, Mesfin Mathewos

Background: Hydatidosis, caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, affect cattle by forming hydatid cyst in thier lungs, livers and pose great financial loss in animal production and country's economy by both direct and indirect effect. Despite its great economic and health importance, there is an absence of current information on cystic echinococcosis in cattle slaughtered at Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir in Ethiopia.

Objectives: Current investigation determines the prevalence, organ distribution and fertility of hydatid cysts in cattle slaughtered at the Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir in Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February, 2023, to October, 2023, at Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir in southern Ethiopia, through regular meat examinations and cyst characterisation to determine the prevalence, organ distribution and fertility of hydatid cysts.

Results: The overall prevalence of hydatidosis recorede in current study was 17.9% (69/384) and has shown a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) with the body condition of cattle. However, there was no statistically significant association (p > 0.05) between the prevalence of hydatidosis and other risk factors such as sex, breed, production system and origin of animals. This study showed that the lungs and liver were the most affected organs in cattle, followed by the spleen and kidneys. On cyst characterisation, the majority of hydatid cysts were found sterile (55.4%) followed by fertile (38.8%) and calcified (8.7%) cysts. Out of 125 fertile hydatid cysts tested for survival, 18.8% (58/321) were viable and 20% (67/321) were nonviable.

Conclusion: The finding of this study shows that cystic echinococcus was important health threat of the cattle and widespread in the internal organs of affected cattle causing significant economic loss by condemning edible organs that are not suitable for human consumption. Therefore, urgent and integreted preventive action is needed to disrupt the life cycle of cystic echinococcosis to tackle subsequent financial loss and risk of zoonosis to humans in the study area.

背景:水囊虫病是由颗粒棘球绦虫的幼虫阶段引起的,通过在牛的肺部和肝脏形成水囊来影响牛,并通过直接和间接影响给动物生产和国家经济造成巨大的经济损失。尽管囊性棘球蚴病对经济和健康都非常重要,但目前还没有关于埃塞俄比亚 Wolaita Sodo 市屠宰场屠宰的牛中囊性棘球蚴病的信息:目前的调查确定了在埃塞俄比亚 Wolaita Sodo 市屠宰场屠宰的牛中包虫病的发病率、器官分布和繁殖力:从 2023 年 2 月到 2023 年 10 月,在埃塞俄比亚南部的 Wolaita Sodo 市屠宰场进行了一项横断面研究,通过定期肉类检查和囊肿特征描述来确定包虫囊肿的患病率、器官分布和繁殖力:在本次研究中,包虫病复发率为 17.9%(69/384),与牛的身体状况有显著的统计学关系(p < 0.05)。然而,水包虫病的发病率与其他风险因素(如动物的性别、品种、生产系统和产地)之间没有明显的统计学关联(p > 0.05)。这项研究表明,肺和肝脏是牛中受影响最大的器官,其次是脾脏和肾脏。从囊肿特征来看,大多数包虫囊肿是无菌囊肿(55.4%),其次是可育囊肿(38.8%)和钙化囊肿(8.7%)。在 125 个可育包虫囊肿的存活率测试中,18.8%(58/321)的囊肿存活,20%(67/321)的囊肿不存活:这项研究的结果表明,囊性棘球蚴是牛的重要健康威胁,并且广泛存在于患病牛的内脏器官中,导致不适合人类食用的可食用器官损坏,造成重大经济损失。因此,需要采取紧急和综合的预防措施来破坏囊状棘球蚴病的生命周期,以应对研究地区随后的经济损失和人畜共患病风险。
{"title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of hydatidosis in cattle slaughtered at Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir.","authors":"Habtamu Endale, Mesfin Mathewos","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hydatidosis, caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, affect cattle by forming hydatid cyst in thier lungs, livers and pose great financial loss in animal production and country's economy by both direct and indirect effect. Despite its great economic and health importance, there is an absence of current information on cystic echinococcosis in cattle slaughtered at Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Current investigation determines the prevalence, organ distribution and fertility of hydatid cysts in cattle slaughtered at the Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from February, 2023, to October, 2023, at Wolaita Sodo municipality abattoir in southern Ethiopia, through regular meat examinations and cyst characterisation to determine the prevalence, organ distribution and fertility of hydatid cysts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of hydatidosis recorede in current study was 17.9% (69/384) and has shown a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) with the body condition of cattle. However, there was no statistically significant association (p > 0.05) between the prevalence of hydatidosis and other risk factors such as sex, breed, production system and origin of animals. This study showed that the lungs and liver were the most affected organs in cattle, followed by the spleen and kidneys. On cyst characterisation, the majority of hydatid cysts were found sterile (55.4%) followed by fertile (38.8%) and calcified (8.7%) cysts. Out of 125 fertile hydatid cysts tested for survival, 18.8% (58/321) were viable and 20% (67/321) were nonviable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The finding of this study shows that cystic echinococcus was important health threat of the cattle and widespread in the internal organs of affected cattle causing significant economic loss by condemning edible organs that are not suitable for human consumption. Therefore, urgent and integreted preventive action is needed to disrupt the life cycle of cystic echinococcosis to tackle subsequent financial loss and risk of zoonosis to humans in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11364586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification and prevalence of ixodid ticks of cattle in case of Aleltu district, Oromia regional state, northern Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚北部奥罗米亚州阿勒图地区牛身上牛虱的识别和流行情况。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70022
Abeti Gobe, Adugna Chalchisa, Bersissa Kumsa

Background: In Ethiopia, ticks are the major threat to cattle productivity and production, leading to considerable economic losses. The current study was designed to estimate the prevalence of ixodid tick infestation, identify species, assess major risk factors associated with tick infestation and assess public awareness.

Methods: A cross-sectional and questionnaire-based study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2022 in the Aleltu district. The study animals were selected using a simple random sampling method.

Results: Of the 400 cattle examined, 303 (75.8%) were found to be infested by one or more tick species. Six species of ticks were identified that belonged to three genera: Amblyomma, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus, and the subgenus Rhipicephalus (Boophilus). The most common tick species identified in terms of their prevalence and dominance were Rh. (Bo) decoloratus, Rh. evertsi, Am. variegatum, Hy. rufipes, Rh. bergeoni and Rh. praetextatus. In the present study, Rh. (Bo) decoloratus was the most prevalent (56.8%) in the study area. Among the risk factors considered, the prevalence of tick species had a statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with the age, production systems and body condition of animals. Out of 110 people interviewed, 107 (97.3%) believed there was a tick infestation in their village, and almost all farmers 103(93.6%) in the study area were unaware that ticks serve as vectors.

Conclusions: The present study provides preliminary information on the prevalence of tick infestation and the composition of ticks in the Aleltu district. Ticks are a major problem for the cattle in the study area. Therefore, the problem observed in the study area alarms the district and calls for a comprehensive control strategy.

背景:在埃塞俄比亚,蜱虫是牛的生产力和生产的主要威胁,导致了巨大的经济损失。本研究旨在估算牛蜱虫害的发生率,确定蜱虫种类,评估与蜱虫害相关的主要风险因素,并评估公众意识:2022 年 1 月至 2022 年 6 月,在阿勒图地区开展了一项横断面问卷调查研究。研究动物采用简单随机抽样法选出:在接受检查的 400 头牛中,有 303 头牛(75.8%)被一种或多种蜱虫感染。确定的六种蜱分属三个属:Amblyomma、Hyalomma 和 Rhipicephalus,以及 Rhipicephalus 亚属(Boophilus)。从其流行率和优势程度来看,最常见的蜱虫种类是Rh.(Bo) decoloratus、Rh. evertsi、Am. variegatum、Hy. rufipes、Rh. bergeoni 和 Rh. praetextatus。在本研究中,Rh.(Bo)decoloratus在研究地区最普遍(56.8%)。在所考虑的风险因素中,蜱虫种类的流行率具有显著的统计学意义(p 结论):本研究提供了有关阿勒图地区蜱虫感染率和蜱虫组成的初步信息。蜱虫是研究地区牛群的一个主要问题。因此,在研究地区观察到的问题给该地区敲响了警钟,需要采取全面的控制策略。
{"title":"Identification and prevalence of ixodid ticks of cattle in case of Aleltu district, Oromia regional state, northern Ethiopia.","authors":"Abeti Gobe, Adugna Chalchisa, Bersissa Kumsa","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Ethiopia, ticks are the major threat to cattle productivity and production, leading to considerable economic losses. The current study was designed to estimate the prevalence of ixodid tick infestation, identify species, assess major risk factors associated with tick infestation and assess public awareness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional and questionnaire-based study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2022 in the Aleltu district. The study animals were selected using a simple random sampling method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 400 cattle examined, 303 (75.8%) were found to be infested by one or more tick species. Six species of ticks were identified that belonged to three genera: Amblyomma, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus, and the subgenus Rhipicephalus (Boophilus). The most common tick species identified in terms of their prevalence and dominance were Rh. (Bo) decoloratus, Rh. evertsi, Am. variegatum, Hy. rufipes, Rh. bergeoni and Rh. praetextatus. In the present study, Rh. (Bo) decoloratus was the most prevalent (56.8%) in the study area. Among the risk factors considered, the prevalence of tick species had a statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with the age, production systems and body condition of animals. Out of 110 people interviewed, 107 (97.3%) believed there was a tick infestation in their village, and almost all farmers 103(93.6%) in the study area were unaware that ticks serve as vectors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study provides preliminary information on the prevalence of tick infestation and the composition of ticks in the Aleltu district. Ticks are a major problem for the cattle in the study area. Therefore, the problem observed in the study area alarms the district and calls for a comprehensive control strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effective treatment with afoxolaner (NexGard) of Trixacarus caviae in a pet guinea pig. 用 afoxolaner(NexGard)有效治疗宠物豚鼠体内的 Trixacarus caviae。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.70039
Georgiana Deak, Miruna-Maria Matei, Anca-Alexandra Doboși, Aura Ursache, Andrada Negoescu, Marian Taulescu

Trixacarus caviae is a sarcoptic mange mite infesting guinea pigs. Infestation in immunosuppressed animals produces severe dermatological problems, including alopecia, intense pruritus, hyperkeratosis and non-dermatological issues (e.g., seizures). Treatment options are limited and include topical application of macrocyclic lactones or amitraz or injectable administration of ivermectin or doramectin. Considering the severity of the disease and the challenging treatment, the present paper aimed to determine the efficacy of oral afoxolaner in a severe case of infestation with T. caviae in a pet guinea pig. One female guinea pig was referred to the New Companion Animal Clinic due to severe dermatological problems. A clinical evaluation was done, and skin scrapings were collected and examined under the microscope. Small mites were detected and morphologically identified as T. caviae. The animal was treated with a single oral dose of 2.50 mg/kg afoxolaner, and the lesions, presence/absence of mites and intensity of pruritus were evaluated periodically until 2 months post-treatment. A week after the medication, the lesions were milder, but pruritus was still present and was attributed to the healing process. Further examinations showed significant improvement with the complete remission of clinical signs and no mites at the microscopic examination after 4 weeks. Afoxolaner was safe and effective in this guinea pig for the treatment of T. caviae mange with no repetition needed.

Trixacarus caviae 是一种豚鼠疥螨。免疫抑制动物感染后会产生严重的皮肤问题,包括脱发、剧烈瘙痒、角化过度和非皮肤问题(如癫痫发作)。治疗方法有限,包括局部使用大环内酯类药物或阿米曲唑,或注射伊维菌素或多拉菌素。考虑到该疾病的严重性和治疗的挑战性,本文旨在确定口服阿福霉素对宠物豚鼠豚螨感染严重病例的疗效。一只雌性豚鼠因严重的皮肤病问题被转诊到新伴侣动物诊所。诊所进行了临床评估,并收集了皮肤刮片,在显微镜下进行了检查。检测到了小螨虫,经形态鉴定为T. caviae。动物接受了单次口服 2.50 毫克/千克阿福螨酯的治疗,并在治疗后 2 个月内定期对其皮损、螨虫的存在/消失以及瘙痒强度进行评估。用药一周后,皮损有所减轻,但瘙痒仍然存在,这是由于伤口正在愈合。进一步的检查显示,临床症状完全缓解,4 周后显微镜检查未发现螨虫,病情明显好转。阿福霉素对这只豚鼠的豚鼠疥癣病治疗安全有效,无需重复用药。
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引用次数: 0
Update on ketosis in dairy cattle with major emphasis on subclinical ketosis and abdominal adiposity. 奶牛酮病的最新进展,重点是亚临床酮病和腹部肥胖症。
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1525
Pedro Melendez, Manuel Vizcaino Serrano

The metabolic changes that occur during the early post-partum period in dairy cows can indeed lead to an imbalance in energy utilization, resulting in the production of excessive ketone bodies. This can have detrimental effects on the cow's health and milk production, leading to economic losses for dairy producers. The release of non-esterified fatty acids into the blood due to increased lipolysis is a key factor in the development of ketosis. Abdominal adiposity is a key factor on these outcomes in modern dairy cows. The redirection of energy and glucose towards lactose synthesis and milk yield leaves a deficit of gluconeogenic precursors, leading to the conversion of acetyl-CoA into ketone bodies instead of entering the Krebs cycle. These ketone bodies, including acetone, acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, accumulate in the blood and can be detected in various bodily fluids, such as urine, blood and milk, allowing for diagnostic testing. Prevention is indeed crucial in managing ketosis in dairy cattle. Supplementation of propylene glycol in the diet or the use of monensin, either in the diet or in the form of a slow-release bolus, can help prevent the occurrence of ketosis. However, avoiding high body condition (subcutaneous fat) and excessive abdominal adiposity during the dry period and parturition plus an adequate cow comfort are fundamental tasks to avoid ketosis and related disorders. These interventions aim to provide additional energy sources or enhance the cow's ability to utilize energy efficiently, thus reducing the reliance on excessive lipolysis and ketone body production.

奶牛产后早期的新陈代谢变化确实会导致能量利用失衡,从而产生过多的酮体。这会对奶牛的健康和产奶量产生不利影响,导致奶牛生产商蒙受经济损失。脂肪分解增加导致非酯化脂肪酸释放到血液中是酮病发生的关键因素。腹部肥胖是现代奶牛出现这些结果的关键因素。能量和葡萄糖被转用于乳糖合成和产奶量,导致糖元前体不足,从而导致乙酰-CoA 转化为酮体,而不是进入克雷布斯循环。这些酮体包括丙酮、乙酰乙酸盐和β-羟基丁酸盐,会在血液中积聚,并可在尿液、血液和牛奶等各种体液中检测到,从而进行诊断测试。预防对于控制奶牛酮病确实至关重要。在日粮中补充丙二醇或使用莫能菌素,无论是在日粮中还是以缓释栓剂的形式,都有助于预防酮病的发生。然而,避免高体况(皮下脂肪)和在干奶期和分娩期腹部脂肪过多,以及适当的奶牛舒适度是避免酮病和相关疾病的基本任务。这些干预措施旨在提供额外的能量来源或提高奶牛有效利用能量的能力,从而减少对过度脂肪分解和酮体产生的依赖。
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引用次数: 0
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Veterinary Medicine and Science
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