Veterinary microbiology最新文献

Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase is a key factor mediating adhesion and invasion of host cells by Mycoplasma synoviae. 二氢脂酰胺乙酰转移酶是滑膜支原体粘附和侵入宿主细胞的关键因素。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110297

Haiyun Ma, Yunhai Zhao, Xiaoxiao He, Qing Wang, Yuting Zhang, Xiaoyong Xing, Xiaochun Wu, Guomei Quan, Shijun Bao

Mycoplasma synoviae is a significant avian pathogen responsible for chronic respiratory diseases, arthritis, and infectious synovitis in chickens and turkeys. These infections result in substantial economic losses to the global poultry industry. Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) is a multifunctional protein that plays an indispensable role in energy metabolism and redox balance and is also a key virulence factor of various pathogens. In this study, we used the avian pathogen M. synoviae as a model to identify the role of the E2 protein in the colonization and invasion of host cells. First, we prepared the polyclonal antibody of recombinant E2 (rE2) protein and found that the rE2 antibody had a strong complement-activating ability. E2 was found to be distributed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of M. synoviae by immunoelectron microscopy. E2 localized on the cell membrane is a key factor in the adhesion of M. synoviae and has good immunogenicity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the binding of rE2 to membrane proteins of chicken embryo fibroblasts (DF-1) was dose-dependent, and antiserum effectively inhibited this binding ability. Furthermore, E2 interacted with various components of the host extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoted the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin through terephthalic acid (tPA). In addition, E2 can enhance the ability of M. synoviae to invade DF-1 cells, which was significantly reduced after treatment with anti-E2 serum. These results indicate that E2 is an adhesion- and invasion-related protein and may be involved in the pathogenesis of M. synoviae, which provides new ideas for studying the pathogenesis of M. synoviae and preparing subunit vaccines.

滑膜支原体是一种重要的禽类病原体，可导致鸡和火鸡的慢性呼吸道疾病、关节炎和传染性滑膜炎。这些感染给全球家禽业造成了巨大的经济损失。二氢脂酰胺乙酰转移酶（E2）是一种多功能蛋白质，在能量代谢和氧化还原平衡中发挥着不可或缺的作用，同时也是各种病原体的关键毒力因子。在本研究中，我们以禽类病原体M. synoviae为模型，确定了E2蛋白在宿主细胞定殖和入侵中的作用。首先，我们制备了重组E2（rE2）蛋白的多克隆抗体，发现rE2抗体具有很强的补体激活能力。免疫电镜发现，E2分布在滑膜贻贝的细胞质和细胞膜上。定位于细胞膜上的 E2 是滑膜杆菌粘附的关键因素，具有良好的免疫原性。酶联免疫吸附试验表明，rE2与鸡胚成纤维细胞（DF-1）膜蛋白的结合具有剂量依赖性，抗血清能有效抑制这种结合能力。此外，E2 与宿主细胞外基质（ECM）的各种成分相互作用，并通过对苯二甲酸（tPA）促进纤溶酶原向纤溶酶的转化。此外，E2 还能增强滑膜贻贝侵袭 DF-1 细胞的能力，而用抗 E2 血清处理后，这种侵袭能力显著降低。这些结果表明，E2是一种与粘附和侵袭相关的蛋白，可能参与了滑膜霉菌的发病机制，这为研究滑膜霉菌的发病机制和制备亚单位疫苗提供了新思路。

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引用次数: 0

Type I-E CRISPR-Cas system regulates fimZY and T3SS1 genes expression in Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum. I-E型CRISPR-Cas系统调控普拉伦沙门氏菌肠炎血清中fimZY和T3SS1基因的表达。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110301

Kai Zhang, Pengyu Wang, Shanshan Li, Xiaolei Xie, Zhenyu Wang, Yang Li, Xinan Jiao, Qiuchun Li

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated Cas proteins (CRISPR-Cas) provide prokaryotes with adaptive immunity against invasion by plasmids or phages. In Salmonella, the type I-E CRISPR-Cas system is typically considered silent in immunity against foreign genetic elements. To elucidate the role of the CRISPR-Cas system, we chose Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum S06004 as a model organism due to its four spacers and well-defined biological characteristics observed in previous studies. Western blot analysis revealed expression of Cas3 in S06004 cultured in vitro, but plasmid transformation assays demonstrated that both wild-type (WT) and S06004 strains overexpressing LeuO (a positive regulator of CRISPR-Cas) showed no immunity against the target plasmid. RNA-Seq analysis detected significant downregulation of the fim cluster, encoding type I fimbriae, and T3SS1-related genes in the cas cluster mutant compared to the WT. This downregulation was further confirmed in mutants of CR1 and individual cas genes by qRT-PCR. Consequently, mutants of CR1 and cas clusters exhibited decreased invasion of chicken hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The consistent regulation of T3SS1 genes by the CRISPR-Cas system in S. Pullorum, S. Enteritidis, and S. Typhimurium indicates a common role for the type I-E CRISPR-Cas system in promoting bacterial virulence. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation require further investigation.

成簇的有规则间隔短回文重复序列和相关的 Cas 蛋白（CRISPR-Cas）为原核生物提供了对抗质粒或噬菌体入侵的适应性免疫。在沙门氏菌中，I-E型CRISPR-Cas系统通常被认为在对外来遗传因子的免疫中保持沉默。为了阐明CRISPR-Cas系统的作用，我们选择了肠炎沙门氏菌（Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum S06004）作为模式生物，因为在以前的研究中观察到了它的四个间隔和明确的生物学特征。Western 印迹分析显示，体外培养的 S06004 中表达了 Cas3，但质粒转化试验表明，野生型（WT）和过表达 LeuO（CRISPR-Cas 的正调控因子）的 S06004 菌株对目标质粒没有免疫力。与 WT 相比，RNA-Seq 分析检测到 cas 簇突变体中编码 I 型缘毛的 fim 簇和 T3SS1 相关基因显著下调。这种下调在 CR1 突变体和单个 cas 基因的 qRT-PCR 中得到了进一步证实。因此，CR1和cas基因簇突变体对鸡肝癌细胞的侵袭能力下降。T3SS1基因在S. Pullorum、S. Enteritidis和S. Typhimurium中受到CRISPR-Cas系统的一致调控，这表明I-E型CRISPR-Cas系统在促进细菌毒力方面发挥着共同的作用。然而，这种调控的具体分子机制还需要进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Mesomycoplasma (Mycoplasma) ovipneumoniae dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase is an immunogenic plasminogen binding protein and a putative adhesin 卵肺中支原体（支原体）二氢脂酰胺脱氢酶是一种免疫原性血浆蛋白结合蛋白，也是一种假定的粘附蛋白。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110302

Jiazhen Ge , Tongtong Tian , Yijian Liu , Xuerui Li , Qianqian Li , Guodong Song , Pengcheng Gao , Fuying Zheng , Yuefeng Chu

The interaction of Mesomycoplasma (Mycoplasma) ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumoniae) with host cells is a pivotal step in the infection process, underlining the necessity to develop vaccines and therapeutic approaches targeting the pathogen's key invasion mechanisms. The bacterium's capacity for adherence, invasion, and subsequent evasion of the host immune response underpins its pathogenicity, rendering adherence genes feasible vaccine targets. This study focuses on pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component E3 (PdhD), a membrane-anchored surface protein implicated in these pathogenic processes. Bioinformatics analysis reveals the conservation of PdhD sequence within M. ovipneumoniae. Membrane protein extraction, immunoblotting and ELISA assay have confirmed the presence of PdhD on the M. ovipneumoniae surface and cytoplasm, suggesting its multifunctionality. Our research employed antibody inhibition assays to characterize the bacterial adhesion suppression by anti-PdhD antibodies, complemented by bactericidal complement assays, supporting its candidacy as a putative vaccine target. The ELISA binding assay substantiated that PdhD binded to plasminogen (Plg) in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, PdhD is also involved in biofilm formation. The inhibitory effect of anti-PdhD sera on biofilm formation is congruent with novel therapeutic strategies targeting related mycoplasmas. This study reports the characterization of the first virulence-associated protein PdhD of M. ovipneumoniae and suggests its potential as a vaccine target to combat M. ovipneumoniae infection.

卵巢肺炎中支原体（M. ovipneumoniae）与宿主细胞的相互作用是感染过程中的关键步骤，因此有必要针对病原体的关键入侵机制开发疫苗和治疗方法。该细菌的粘附、入侵和随后逃避宿主免疫反应的能力是其致病性的基础，这使得粘附基因成为可行的疫苗靶标。本研究的重点是丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物成分 E3（PdhD），这是一种与这些致病过程有关的膜锚定表面蛋白。生物信息学分析揭示了 PdhD 序列在 M. ovipneumoniae 中的保守性。膜蛋白提取、免疫印迹和酶联免疫吸附试验证实了 PdhD 存在于卵膜肺炎霉菌的表面和细胞质中，表明其具有多功能性。我们的研究采用了抗体抑制试验来描述抗 PdhD 抗体抑制细菌粘附的特性，并辅以杀菌补体试验，支持其作为潜在疫苗靶点的候选资格。ELISA 结合试验证实，PdhD 与纤溶酶原（Plg）的结合具有剂量依赖性。值得注意的是，PdhD 还参与了生物膜的形成。抗 PdhD 血清对生物膜形成的抑制作用与针对相关支原体的新型治疗策略是一致的。本研究报告了卵肺霉菌第一个毒力相关蛋白 PdhD 的特征，并提出了其作为抗卵肺霉菌感染疫苗靶点的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Characteristics of maternal antibodies transferred to foals raised through maternal equine rotavirus A vaccination 通过母体接种马轮状病毒 A 疫苗转移给小马驹的母源抗体的特征。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110304

Lianne G. Eertink , Megan Swope , Tirth Uprety , Chithra Sreenivasan , Allen E. Page , Emma N. Adam , Dan Wang , Feng Li

Equine rotavirus A (ERVA) can cause foal diarrhoea and the most common ERVA genotypes are G3P[12] and G14P[12]. Since the introduction of a monovalent killed G3P[12] vaccine, infection in neonates has decreased. We aimed to determine the dynamics and longevity of maternally derived anti-G3P[12] neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in foals and what, if any, cross-reactivity exists between maternally derived NAbs against G14P[12]. Serum samples were collected from 50 mare-foal pairs before each vaccination and up to 6 months post-foaling for mares and up to 7 months of age for foals. These samples were then used for virus-neutralization antibody assays with both G3P[12] and G14P[12] viruses. We observed that vaccination of mares could increase their serum NAb titers. Pre-nursing serum samples of foals collected at birth before the first nursing contained no detectable NAbs. In contrast, post-nursing serum samples of foals showed a significant amount of NAb levels, thereby confirming that these NAbs are passed through the mare’s colostrum. Our study demonstrated that there is variation in the ratio of NAbs transferred from the serum of mares to the serum of their foals. Results also confirmed evidence of cross-reactivity between maternal antibodies in the serum of G3P[12] vaccinated dams and G14P[12]. Heterologous (G14P[12]) NAb titers were about 2- to 4-fold lower than homologous (G3P[12]) titers in colostrum, milk, and serum samples of both mares and their foals. Our data demonstrate that G3 and G14 NAbs in the serum of foals decreased steadily over time with the lowest point measured at approximately 4 months of age.

马轮状病毒 A (ERVA) 可导致马驹腹泻，最常见的 ERVA 基因型为 G3P[12] 和 G14P[12]。自引入单价 G3P[12] 杀毒疫苗以来，新生儿的感染率有所下降。我们的目的是确定马驹体内母源抗G3P[12]中和抗体（NAbs）的动态和寿命，以及母源NAbs与G14P[12]之间是否存在交叉反应。在每次接种疫苗前、母马产后 6 个月和小马驹 7 个月大时，从 50 对母马和小马驹中采集血清样本。然后用这些样本对 G3P[12] 和 G14P[12] 病毒进行病毒中和抗体检测。我们观察到，母马接种疫苗可提高其血清 NAb 滴度。第一次哺乳前采集的小马驹出生时的血清样本中未检测到 NAb。相比之下，哺乳后的小马驹血清样本则显示出大量的 NAb 水平，从而证实这些 NAb 是通过母马的初乳传递的。我们的研究表明，从母马血清中转移到马驹血清中的 NAb 比例存在差异。研究结果还证实，接种过 G3P[12] 疫苗的母马血清中的母源抗体与 G14P[12] 之间存在交叉反应。在母马及其马驹的初乳、乳汁和血清样本中，异源（G14P[12]）NAb滴度比同源（G3P[12]）滴度低约2-4倍。我们的数据表明，随着时间的推移，小马驹血清中的 G3 和 G14 NAb 会稳步下降，最低点大约在 4 个月大时测得。

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引用次数: 0

A new S1 subunit truncation vaccine induces effective protection against porcine deltacoronavirus in suckling piglets 一种新的 S1 亚基截短疫苗可在哺乳仔猪中诱导有效的猪三角锥病毒保护。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110303

Zhuoqi Chen , Li Xiao , Jinzhu Zhou , Wei Wang , Rongli Guo , Jizong Li , Bin Li

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel porcine intestinal coronavirus that causes diarrhea in pigs of various ages, especially in suckling pigs. Developing effective treatments and vaccines is crucial to preventing PDCoV transmission and infection. This study evaluated the immune response elicited by the PDCoV S1 subunit and an inactivated PDCoV vaccine in mice. Indirect ELISA assays revealed a significant enhancement in IgG levels against PDCoV following vaccination with the PDCoV S1 subunit. Neutralization assays and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the PDCoV S1 subunit vaccine elicited robust neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and cellular immune responses. To assess the protective efficacy of the S1 subunit in newborn piglets, pregnant sows were vaccinated with either the S1 or an inactivated PDCoV vaccine at 40 and 20 days before delivery. Five days post-farrowing, piglets were orally challenged with PDCoV strain. Severe diarrhea, high levels of viral RNA copies, and substantial intestinal villus atrophy were detected in piglets born to unimmunized sows. However, immunized S1 piglets showed high NAbs titers and significantly fewer microscopic lesions in the intestinal tissue, with only one piglet showing mild diarrhea. Thus, our results suggest that the PDCoV S1 subunit vaccine is effective with strong immunogenicity and is expected to be a candidate vaccine against PDCoV.

猪 deltacoronavirus（PDCoV）是一种新型猪肠道冠状病毒，会导致不同年龄的猪，尤其是乳猪腹泻。开发有效的治疗方法和疫苗对于预防 PDCoV 传播和感染至关重要。本研究评估了 PDCoV S1 亚基和 PDCoV 灭活疫苗在小鼠体内引起的免疫反应。间接 ELISA 检测显示，接种 PDCoV S1 亚基疫苗后，小鼠体内针对 PDCoV 的 IgG 水平显著提高。中和试验和流式细胞术分析表明，PDCoV S1 亚基疫苗可激发强大的中和抗体（NAbs）和细胞免疫反应。为了评估 S1 亚单位疫苗对新生仔猪的保护效力，怀孕母猪在分娩前 40 天和 20 天分别接种了 S1 亚单位疫苗或 PDCoV 灭活疫苗。产后五天，仔猪口服 PDCoV 株。未免疫母猪所产仔猪出现严重腹泻、高水平病毒 RNA 拷贝和大量肠绒毛萎缩。然而，免疫 S1 仔猪的 NAbs 滴度很高，肠道组织的显微病变明显减少，只有一头仔猪出现轻微腹泻。因此，我们的研究结果表明，PDCoV S1 亚单位疫苗有效且免疫原性强，有望成为 PDCoV 的候选疫苗。

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引用次数: 0

The C3d-fused Porcine circovirus type 2d virus-like particle induced early and enhanced immune response and protected pigs against challenge 融合 C3d 的猪圆环病毒 2d 型病毒样颗粒可诱导早期和增强免疫反应，保护猪免受挑战。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110305

Xinyu Qi , Zheng Fang , Liang Meng , Xuyan Xiang , Yan Ju , Xuehui Cai , Tongqing An , Mingxia Sun , Haiwei Wang

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an economically significant pathogen affecting the global swine industry. Vaccination is considered the most effective and best way to prevent PCV2-associated disease. The PCV2d genotype has become predominant by replacing the previous PCV2b genotype. The potential increase in the virulence of PCV2d has drawn attention, spurring the development of PCV2d vaccines. Virus-like particle (VLP) is an ideal vaccine candidate for its safety and potent immunogenicity. C3d is a molecular adjuvant that can be used to promote the protective efficacy of the PCV2 vaccine. In this study, we expressed PCV2d Cap protein fused with C3d epitope using E. coli expression system. The purified recombinant Cap protein assembled into VLP, which was designated as PCV2d-C3d-VLP. Through assessments in mice and piglets, we demonstrated that the PCV2d-C3d-VLP elicited robust humoral responses, notably accelerating antibody production one week earlier compared to a commercial PCV2d subunit vaccine. Furthermore, vaccination substantially reduced PCV2d viral load in piglets. These results present an innovative strategy for developing a more efficacious and cost-effective PCV2d VLP vaccine.

猪圆环病毒 2 型（PCV2）是影响全球养猪业的一种具有重要经济意义的病原体。接种疫苗被认为是预防 PCV2 相关疾病的最有效和最佳方法。PCV2d 基因型取代了之前的 PCV2b 基因型，成为主要基因型。PCV2d 毒力的潜在增强引起了人们的关注，从而推动了 PCV2d 疫苗的开发。病毒样颗粒 (VLP) 因其安全性和强大的免疫原性而成为理想的候选疫苗。C3d 是一种分子佐剂，可用于提高 PCV2 疫苗的保护效力。在本研究中，我们利用大肠杆菌表达系统表达了与 C3d 表位融合的 PCV2d Cap 蛋白。纯化后的重组 Cap 蛋白组装成 VLP，命名为 PCV2d-C3d-VLP。通过对小鼠和仔猪的评估，我们证明 PCV2d-C3d-VLP 能引起强大的体液反应，与商用 PCV2d 亚单位疫苗相比，它能显著提前一周加速抗体的产生。此外，接种疫苗还大大降低了仔猪体内的 PCV2d 病毒载量。这些结果为开发更有效、更经济的 PCV2d VLP 疫苗提供了一种创新策略。

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引用次数: 0

The immune responses elicited by six recombinant antigens of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in mice 肺炎支原体的六种重组抗原在小鼠体内引起的免疫反应。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110295

Shiyang Li , Ruiru Yin , Qiyan Xiong , Maojun Liu , Jia Wang , Zhenzhen Zhang , Guoqing Shao , Zhibang Deng , Zhixin Feng , Yanfei Yu

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is the causative agent of swine enzootic pneumonia, resulting in substantial economic losses in global pig farming. Although vaccination is the primary strategy for controlling M. hyopneumoniae infection, current vaccines fall short in preventing transmission of this pathogen or protecting the body from secondary infection. This study aimed to assess the immunogenicity of six recombinant antigens (P97R1, P46, GAPDH, PdhA, DnaK, and EF-Tu) of M. hyopneumoniae through intramuscular immunization in mice. The results showed that the six antigens elicited high levels of serum IgG. Among them, P97R1, P46, PdhA, and DnaK stimulated robust antigen-specific IgA mucosal immune responses. CCK-8 assays revealed that both P97R1 and DnaK significantly increased the proliferation of mononuclear cells from spleen and lung, and DnaK also promoted the proliferation of blood mononuclear cells. Additionally, PdhA induced Th17-type immune response with a high level of IL-17 level in serum. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that P97R1 and PdhA increased the ratio of CD8+/CD4+ T lymphocyte, favoring cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses. Notably, P97R1 immunization significantly decreased the percentages of CD4+ T cells while increased the percentages of CD8+ T cells. The present findings demonstrate that the candidate antigens P97R1, PdhA, and DnaK of M. hyopneumoniae induce specific humoral and mucosal immunity; P97R1 and DnaK also stimulated intense cellular immunity, and PdhA induced CTL and Th17-type immune responses. In conclusion, P97R1, PdhA, and DnaK emerge as potential candidate antigens for the future development of a more effective subunit vaccine against M. hyopneumoniae.

猪肺炎支原体（M. hyopneumoniae）是猪流行性肺炎的病原体，给全球养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。虽然接种疫苗是控制猪肺炎支原体感染的主要策略，但目前的疫苗在预防该病原体传播或保护机体免受二次感染方面存在不足。本研究旨在通过肌肉注射免疫小鼠来评估六种重组抗原（P97R1、P46、GAPDH、PdhA、DnaK 和 EF-Tu）的免疫原性。结果表明，这六种抗原都能引起高水平的血清 IgG。其中，P97R1、P46、PdhA 和 DnaK 能激发强烈的抗原特异性 IgA 粘膜免疫反应。CCK-8 试验显示，P97R1 和 DnaK 都能显著增加脾脏和肺部单核细胞的增殖，DnaK 还能促进血液单核细胞的增殖。此外，PdhA还能诱导Th17型免疫反应，血清中的IL-17水平较高。流式细胞术分析表明，P97R1 和 PdhA 增加了 CD8+/CD4+ T 淋巴细胞的比例，有利于细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞（CTL）免疫反应。值得注意的是，P97R1 免疫显著降低了 CD4+ T 细胞的百分比，而提高了 CD8+ T 细胞的百分比。本研究结果表明，肺炎霉菌的候选抗原P97R1、PdhA和DnaK能诱导特异性体液免疫和粘膜免疫；P97R1和DnaK还能刺激强烈的细胞免疫，而PdhA能诱导CTL和Th17型免疫反应。总之，P97R1、PdhA 和 DnaK 是未来开发更有效的肺炎双球菌亚单位疫苗的潜在候选抗原。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to 'Strenuous expression of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ORF3 protein suggests host resistance' [Vet. Microbiol., Vol. 297, Oct. 2024, 110193] 猪流行性腹泻病毒 ORF3 蛋白的剧烈表达提示宿主抗性"[《兽医微生物学》，第 297 卷，2024 年 10 月，110193]的更正。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110253

Antony Ndirangu Kamau , Jung-Eun Yu , Eui-Soon Park , Jae-Rang Rho , Eui-Ju Hong , Hyun-Jin Shin

引用次数: 0

USP8 suppresses porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by positively regulating MAVS mediated Ⅰ-IFN signaling USP8 通过正向调节 MAVS 介导的 Ⅰ-IFN 信号传导，抑制猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的复制。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110286

Xiaobo Chang , Zhaopeng Li , Mengqi Wang , Kanglei Pei , Jucai Wang , Jianhe Hu , Ke Ding , Yafei Chang

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an important RNA virus that has caused huge economic losses to swine industry in the whole world. Ubiquitin specific protease 8 (USP8), a pivotal regulator of protein degradation, intricately contributes to orchestrating the delicate balance of various biological processes through its deubiquitinating activity. However, the role of USP8 in antiviral immune response to PRRSV remains elusive. In the study, by means of overexpressing USP8, we identified that USP8 suppressed the replication of PRRSV, while reducing USP8 expression using siRNA significantly led to the promotion of PRRSV replication. And USP8 facilitates the production of IFN-β and some IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) during PRRSV infection. Mechanistically, USP8 promoted mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)-mediated IFN-β signaling. Moreover, USP8 interacted with MAVS and exerted anti-PRRSV effects in a MAVS-dependent manner. This study highlights the importance of USP8 in regulating PRRSV replication, which may enhance our comprehension of its role in innate immunity and its impact on viral replication.

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）是一种重要的 RNA 病毒，给全球养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。泛素特异性蛋白酶 8（USP8）是蛋白质降解的关键调控因子，通过其去泛素化活性协调各种生物过程的微妙平衡。然而，USP8 在 PRRSV 的抗病毒免疫反应中的作用仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，通过过表达 USP8，我们发现 USP8 可抑制 PRRSV 的复制，而使用 siRNA 减少 USP8 的表达则可显著促进 PRRSV 的复制。USP8在PRRSV感染过程中促进IFN-β和一些IFN刺激基因（ISGs）的产生。从机制上讲，USP8 促进了线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白（MAVS）介导的 IFN-β 信号转导。此外，USP8 与 MAVS 相互作用，并以依赖 MAVS 的方式发挥抗 PRRSV 作用。这项研究强调了 USP8 在调控 PRRSV 复制中的重要性，这可能会加深我们对 USP8 在先天性免疫中的作用及其对病毒复制的影响的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Weathering the storm: Extreme weather events and their association with PED and PRRS occurrence 抵御风暴：极端天气事件及其与 PED 和 PRRS 发生的关系。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Veterinary microbiology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110299

Igor A.D. Paploski, Gabriela Kiesel, Dennis N. Makau, Nakarin Pamornchainavakul, Julia P. Baker, Mariana Kikuti, Cesar A. Corzo, Kimberly VanderWaal

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are viral diseases that continue to challenge the US swine industry. Despite many known risk factors, unusual circumstances associated with their occurrence continues to be poorly explained. We investigated if extreme weather events (flood, heavy rain, high wind and tornadoes, measured at a county-level) are associated with the occurrence of both diseases up to ten weeks after the occurrence of the weather event using a case control study and logistic regression modeling to control for covariates. We obtained weekly farm-level disease occurrence information from the Morrison Swine Health Monitoring Project (MSHMP) and county-level weather events occurrence information from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) storm events database. Our findings indicate that farms in counties exposed to floods had between two to three times higher odds of experiencing a PED outbreak between four to eight weeks after the event than control farms. However, we did not observe significant associations between other weather events and PED or PRRS occurrences. Even though the absolute risk these events pose to swine herds may be small, we suggest that companies should develop biosecurity protocols that consider the impact of extreme weather events in order to mitigate the risks posed to their herds.

猪流行性腹泻 (PED) 和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 (PRRS) 是持续挑战美国养猪业的病毒性疾病。尽管有许多已知的风险因素，但与这两种疾病发生相关的异常情况仍然没有得到很好的解释。我们采用病例对照研究和逻辑回归模型来控制协变量，调查了极端天气事件（洪水、暴雨、大风和龙卷风，以县为单位测量）是否与天气事件发生后十周内这两种疾病的发生有关。我们从莫里森猪健康监测项目（MSHMP）中获得了每周农场级别的疾病发生信息，从美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）风暴事件数据库中获得了县级天气事件发生信息。我们的研究结果表明，与对照农场相比，遭受洪水侵袭的县级农场在洪水过后四到八周内爆发 PED 的几率要高出两到三倍。然而，我们并未观察到其他天气事件与 PED 或 PRRS 发生之间存在明显关联。尽管这些事件对猪群造成的绝对风险可能很小，但我们建议公司应制定考虑极端天气事件影响的生物安全协议，以降低对猪群造成的风险。

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