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Molecular evaluation of zoonotic bacterial pathogens in high diversity of bats from Brazil 巴西高多样性蝙蝠中人畜共患病细菌病原体的分子评价
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110780
Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira , Mariana Fernandes de Moura , Isabela Maki Sato , Anna Cecília Trolesi Reis Borges Costa , Thales Quedi Furian , Marcos Rogério André , Renato Gregorin , Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles
The bats have stood out for their flexibility and adaptation to urban centers; moreover, are described as potential carriers of pathogens, which altogether raises One health concerns. Therefore, the presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella spp., Leptospira spp., Bartonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Rickettsia spp., Pasteurella multocida, Coxiella burnetii, and Listeria monocytogenes) in bat species in Brazil was investigated. A total of 283 bat liver samples belonging to 78 bat species from six Brazilian states were retrieved from the Mammal Collection of the Federal University of Lavras. DNA was extracted from liver samples and tested for the presence of the described pathogens using PCR and qPCR techniques. The results showed that 5.65 % of the bats were positive for at least one pathogen, with the most commonly observed being Salmonella spp. and Y. enterocolitica. The positive samples were mainly from Minas Gerais state, with a higher prevalence in males and aerial insectivorous species. These results highlight the importance of monitoring these mammals as potential vectors/reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens and contribute to a broader understanding of the role of bats for public and animal health.
蝙蝠因其灵活性和对城市中心的适应能力而脱颖而出;此外,它们被描述为病原体的潜在携带者,这些都引起了人们对健康的担忧。因此,我们调查了巴西蝙蝠物种中存在的潜在致病性细菌(沙门氏菌、钩端螺旋体、巴尔通体、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、立克次体、多杀性巴氏杆菌、伯纳氏杆菌和单核细胞增多李斯特菌)。来自巴西6个州的78种蝙蝠共283份肝脏样本来自拉夫拉斯联邦大学哺乳动物收藏。从肝脏样本中提取DNA,并使用PCR和qPCR技术检测所述病原体的存在。结果显示,5.65 %的蝙蝠至少有一种病原体呈阳性,其中最常见的是沙门氏菌和小肠结肠炎耶夫菌。阳性样本主要来自米纳斯吉拉斯州,以雄性和食虫昆虫为主。这些结果突出了监测这些哺乳动物作为人畜共患病原体的潜在媒介/宿主的重要性,并有助于更广泛地了解蝙蝠在公共和动物卫生方面的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Construction and immunological characterization of two chimeric proteins built from the Mycoplasma bovis genome 牛支原体基因组两种嵌合蛋白的构建及免疫学特性研究
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110793
Camila Pachêco Gomes , Lucas Santana Coelho da Silva , Bruna Carolina de Brito Guimarães , Manoel Neres Santos Júnior , Maysa Santos Barbosa , Beatriz Almeida Sampaio , Jorge Timenetsky , Bruno Lopes Bastos , Lucas Miranda Marques
Mycoplasma bovis is an important pathogen that affects cattle worldwide. This study aimed to construct and evaluate the antigenicity and immunogenicity of recombinant chimeric proteins containing exclusive M. bovis epitopes. The non-redundant proteomes of M. bovis in UniProt were analyzed using the programs PsortB, TopCons, Cello2GO, BepiPred, LbTope, and IEDB, which resulted in the selection of B-cell epitopes. For the selection of T-cell epitopes, bovine alleles present in IPD were analyzed in NetMHCIIPan with previously selected M. bovis proteins. Using the chosen epitopes, two chimeric proteins (PQ1Mb and PQ2Mb) were constructed, which were expressed in E. coli BL21 Tuner (DE3) induced by Isopropyl β-D-1-tiogalactopiranosídeo (IPTG) at 18°C (PQ1Mb) and in E. coli BL21 (DE3) in auto-inducing medium at 25°C (PQ2Mb), using the pET-28a(+) vector. Antigenicity was confirmed through a Dot blot. Subsequently, Gir breed cows were immunized with the purified proteins and Montanide ISA 61 VG adjuvant, in two doses 30 days apart. The results demonstrate that the proteins induced antibody production. The avidity of the antibodies was also assessed, where the amount required to dissociate 50 % of the antibody in animals after vaccination ranged from 2.5 to 5.4 M of ammonium thiocyanate. Thus, the high specificity of these chimeric antigens suggests their potential for developing an effective vaccine against M. bovis and for improving immunodiagnostic testing.
牛支原体是影响全世界牛的一种重要病原体。本研究旨在构建和评价含有牛牛支原体表位的重组嵌合蛋白的抗原性和免疫原性。使用PsortB、TopCons、Cello2GO、BepiPred、LbTope和IEDB等程序分析牛支原体在UniProt中的非冗余蛋白质组,选择b细胞表位。为了选择t细胞表位,在NetMHCIIPan中使用先前选择的牛支原体蛋白分析了IPD中存在的牛等位基因。利用选择的表位构建两个嵌合蛋白(PQ1Mb和PQ2Mb),分别在异丙基β-D-1-tiogalactopiranosídeo (IPTG)诱导的大肠杆菌BL21 Tuner (DE3)中18°C (PQ1Mb)和在自动诱导培养基中25°C (PQ2Mb)表达,载体为pET-28a(+)。通过Dot blot证实抗原性。随后,用纯化蛋白和Montanide ISA 61 VG佐剂分别接种Gir奶牛,接种时间间隔为30 d。结果表明,这些蛋白诱导了抗体的产生。还对抗体的亲和力进行了评估,在接种疫苗后,动物体内分离50% %抗体所需的量为2.5至5.4 M硫氰酸铵。因此,这些嵌合抗原的高特异性表明它们具有开发有效的牛支原体疫苗和改进免疫诊断测试的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiology and risk factors of equine parvovirus-hepatitis, hepacivirus, Pegivirus caballi, and Pegivirus equi in horses from the Southern United States 美国南部马细小病毒肝炎、肝炎病毒、马佩吉病毒和马佩吉病毒的流行病学和危险因素
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110831
Subarna Barua , Asfiha Tarannum , Laura Huber , Leslie A. Easterwood , Binu Velayudhan , Bibiana Petri Da Silveira , Ben Enyetornye , Noah D. Cohen , Kiril M. Dimitrov , Erika R. Schwarz , Alex Awtrey , Erin Groover , Suchita Barua , Maria Naskou , Chengming Wang
Over the past decade, newly identified equine hepatotropic flavi- and parvoviruses, such as equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) and equine hepacivirus (EqHV), have generated considerable scientific and clinical interest. Pegiviruses, including Pegivirus (P.) caballi and P. equi, are also recognized and known to frequently cause persistent infections. However, comprehensive epidemiological data in the United States remain limited. This study analyzed 1195 equine serum samples collected from university-owned horses and diagnostic submissions across Alabama, Georgia, and Texas. Quantitative PCR assays were conducted to detect EqPV-H, EqHV, P. caballi, and P. equi. EqPV-H was the most prevalent virus, detected in 19.3 % (231/1195) of samples, significantly higher than EqHV at 5.6 % (67/1195) and pegiviruses (P. caballi and P. equi combined) at 1.8 % (22/1195). EqPV-H-positive horses also exhibited significantly higher viral loads compared to animals positive for EqHV or pegiviruses. Demographic analysis revealed that EqPV-H-positive horses were significantly older, and male horses had 1.62 times the odds of infection compared to females. Breed-specific associations were also identified: Tennessee Walking Horses had higher odds of EqPV-H positivity (OR = 2.46), while Quarter Horses (OR = 4.16) and Thoroughbreds (OR = 9.64) showed increased odds of testing positive for EqHV. Viral sequences identified in this study were similar to the reported ones in the United States and other regions. This largest molecular survey highlights the widespread distribution of EqPV-H and EqHV in horses in the United States and underscores the importance of continued surveillance, particularly in high-risk breeds and settings. The data provides a foundation for developing preventive strategies and understanding of the epidemiology and potential clinical impact of these important equine viruses.
在过去的十年中,新发现的马嗜肝黄病毒和细小病毒,如马细小病毒-肝炎(EqPV-H)和马肝炎病毒(EqHV),已经引起了相当大的科学和临床兴趣。裴基病毒,包括裴基病毒(P.) caballi和裴基病毒(P.) equi,也被确认并已知经常引起持续感染。然而,美国全面的流行病学数据仍然有限。这项研究分析了从阿拉巴马州、佐治亚州和德克萨斯州的大学拥有的马和诊断提交的1195个马血清样本。采用定量PCR检测EqPV-H、EqHV、P. caballi和P. equi。EqPV-H是最常见的病毒,检出率为19.3% %(231/1195),显著高于EqHV的5.6% %(67/1195)和pegivirus (caballi P.和P. equi组合)的1.8% %(22/1195)。与EqHV或pegivirus阳性的动物相比,eqpv - h阳性的马也表现出明显更高的病毒载量。人口统计学分析显示,eqpv - h阳性的马明显年龄较大,公马的感染几率是母马的1.62倍。品种特异性关联也被确定:田纳西步马EqPV-H阳性的几率更高(OR = 2.46),而四分之一马(OR = 4.16)和纯种马(OR = 9.64) EqHV检测阳性的几率更高。本研究鉴定的病毒序列与美国和其他地区报道的病毒序列相似。这项最大规模的分子调查强调了美国马中EqPV-H和EqHV的广泛分布,并强调了继续监测的重要性,特别是在高风险品种和环境中。这些数据为制定预防策略和了解这些重要马病毒的流行病学和潜在临床影响提供了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Interactions between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains and the resident lung microbiota in swine 猪肺炎支原体菌株与猪常驻肺微生物群的相互作用
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110840
Leonardo Teófilo Toledo , Richard Costa Polveiro , Abelardo Silva-Júnior , Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira , Fernanda Simone Marks
Enzootic pneumonia (EP) in swine, caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae), is a chronic respiratory disease that leads to significant economic losses in pig production. Infection with M. hyopneumoniae can induce pulmonary dysbiosis; however, the impact of different strains with varying degrees of virulence on the composition of a healthy microbiota remains incompletely understood. This study investigated alterations in the lung microbiome of pigs experimentally infected with two distinct strains of M. hyopneumoniae (UFV1 and UFV2) using 16S rRNA gene-based metataxonomic analyses and bioinformatics approaches. Pigs were divided into three experimental groups: Control (uninfected), UFV1 (infected with strain UFV1), and UFV2 (infected with strain UFV2). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected for DNA extraction and sequencing. Alpha diversity was significantly lower in the infected groups compared to the Control. Beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences in microbiota composition among the groups, with a clear separation between the Control group and the infected groups. Mycoplasma was the most abundant genus in both UFV1 and UFV2 groups, whereas the Control group exhibited greater genus-level diversity, including Stenotrophomonas, Comamonas, and Pseudomonas. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) confirmed the enrichment of Mycoplasma in the infected groups and identified additional differentially abundant genera. Predictive modeling based on microbiota composition demonstrated high accuracy in classifying the groups, with Varibaculum, Pseudomonas, and Actinobacillus emerging as key genera for prediction. The UFV1 and UFV2 strains exhibited distinct lung microbiota profiles, suggesting different infection dynamics and interactions with the resident microbiota. This study provides new insights into the impact of diverse M. hyopneumoniae strains on the porcine lung microbiome, with implications for the development of preventive and control strategies for EP.
猪流行性肺炎(EP)是由猪肺炎支原体(支原体)引起的一种慢性呼吸道疾病,对养猪生产造成重大经济损失。肺炎支原体感染可引起肺生态失调;然而,具有不同毒力程度的不同菌株对健康微生物群组成的影响仍不完全清楚。本研究利用基于16S rRNA基因的元分类分析和生物信息学方法,研究了猪肺炎支原体两种不同菌株(UFV1和UFV2)实验感染后肺微生物组的变化。将猪分为3个实验组:对照组(未感染)、UFV1组(感染UFV1株)和UFV2组(感染UFV2株)。采集支气管肺泡灌洗液进行DNA提取和测序。与对照组相比,感染组的α多样性显著降低。Beta多样性分析显示各组之间的微生物群组成存在显著差异,对照组和感染组之间存在明显的分离。支原体在UFV1和UFV2组中都是最丰富的属,而对照组则表现出更大的属水平多样性,包括窄养单胞菌、单胞菌和假单胞菌。线性判别分析(LDA)证实了支原体在感染组中的富集,并鉴定了其他差异丰富的属。基于微生物群组成的预测模型在分类类群方面显示出很高的准确性,其中Varibaculum, Pseudomonas和放线菌属成为预测的关键属。UFV1和UFV2菌株表现出不同的肺部微生物群特征,表明不同的感染动态和与常驻微生物群的相互作用。本研究为猪肺炎支原体菌株对猪肺微生物群的影响提供了新的见解,对制定EP的预防和控制策略具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
The Streptococcus suis ble gene does not encode a functional bleomycin resistance protein 猪链球菌ble基因不编码功能性的博来霉素抗性蛋白
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110769
Ashley Belinfante , Janel Kolar , Sarah M. Shore , Tracy L Nicholson
A high prevalence of acquired bleomycin resistance has been reported in both clinical and non-clinical settings. Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic swine pathogen capable of causing a spectrum of clinical disease outcomes in both pigs and humans and contributes to significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. A recent report evaluating the genomic diversity of S. suis isolates obtained from within the U.S. identified a ble gene predicted to encode a bleomycin resistance protein in all isolates evaluated. The goal of this study was to compare the amino acid sequence similarity among the predicted S. suis bleomycin resistance proteins and to functionally test the predicted ble gene allelic variants for the ability to confer bleomycin resistance. A high degree of similarity was observed among the predicted S. suis bleomycin resistance proteins. However, a weak similarity was observed in comparison to other well-characterized bleomycin resistance proteins. All tested S. suis strains exhibited phenotypic resistance to bleomycin. However, none of the S. suis ble genes tested encoded a functional bleomycin resistance protein capable of conferring resistance to bleomycin or bleomycin-like molecules.
据报道,在临床和非临床环境中,获得性博莱霉素耐药的发生率很高。猪链球菌是一种人畜共患的猪病原体,能够在猪和人身上引起一系列临床疾病,并对全球养猪业造成重大经济损失。最近的一份报告评估了从美国获得的猪链球菌分离株的基因组多样性,在所有被评估的分离株中发现了一个可编码博来霉素抗性蛋白的ble基因。本研究的目的是比较预测的猪链球菌博来霉素耐药蛋白之间的氨基酸序列相似性,并对预测的ble基因等位基因变异进行功能测试,以确定博来霉素耐药的能力。预测的猪链球菌博莱霉素耐药蛋白高度相似。然而,与其他具有良好特征的博莱霉素耐药蛋白相比,观察到微弱的相似性。所有猪链球菌均表现出对博来霉素的表型抗性。然而,测试的s.s suisble基因都没有编码功能性的博来霉素抗性蛋白,能够赋予对博来霉素或博来霉素样分子的抗性。
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引用次数: 0
Neuromedin B and its receptor NMBR inhibit H9N2 infection 神经毒素B及其受体NMBR抑制H9N2感染
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110790
Guihong Yang , Shimao Tian , Jinyu Yang , Yubing Tang , Ke Tian , Song Wang , Yinli Bao
Neuromedin B (NMB) and its receptor NMBR constitute a neuropeptide system implicated in various physiological processes. While previously associated with innate immunity, their precise antiviral action against influenza A virus (IAV) infection have remained poorly defined. Here, we elucidate the function of the NMB/NMBR axis in the host defense against H9N2 influenza virus. We demonstrate that NMB treatment and NMBR overexpression potentiate IFN-β production and restrict viral replication in H9N2-infected A549 cells and mouse lungs. Conversely, NMBR knockdown compromises the antiviral response, diminishing IFN-β expression and enhancing viral propagation. We further show that NMB/NMBR signaling targets the viral non-structural protein 1 (NS1) by upregulating the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25. Mechanistically, NMB/NMBR activation engages a positive feedback loop with the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) pathway, reinforcing RIG-I activation through enhanced K63-linked ubiquitination while transcriptionally repressing the deubiquitinase CYLD. Consequently, this augmented signaling potentiates the JAK-STAT1 pathway, leading to increased STAT1 phosphorylation and elevated expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15). Our findings establish that the NMB/NMBR axis confers protection against H9N2 IAV by amplifying RIG-I-mediated innate immunity and facilitating NS1 suppression, revealing a pivotal neuroimmune mechanism and suggesting a promising target for developing broad-spectrum, host-directed therapeutics against IAV.
神经肽B (Neuromedin B, NMB)及其受体NMBR构成了一个参与多种生理过程的神经肽系统。虽然以前与先天免疫有关,但它们对甲型流感病毒(IAV)感染的确切抗病毒作用仍然不明确。在此,我们阐明了NMB/NMBR轴在宿主防御H9N2流感病毒中的作用。我们证明NMB处理和NMBR过表达增强了h9n2感染的A549细胞和小鼠肺中IFN-β的产生并限制了病毒的复制。相反,NMBR敲低会损害抗病毒反应,降低IFN-β表达并增强病毒传播。我们进一步发现NMB/NMBR信号通过上调E3泛素连接酶TRIM25靶向病毒非结构蛋白1 (NS1)。在机制上,NMB/NMBR激活与维甲酸诱导基因I (RIG-I)通路形成正反馈回路,通过增强k63相关的泛素化而增强RIG-I激活,同时转录抑制去泛素化酶CYLD。因此,这种增强的信号通路增强了JAK-STAT1通路,导致STAT1磷酸化增加和干扰素刺激基因15 (ISG15)的表达升高。我们的研究结果表明,NMB/NMBR轴通过放大rig - i介导的先天免疫和促进NS1抑制来保护H9N2 IAV,揭示了一个关键的神经免疫机制,并为开发广谱、宿主导向的IAV治疗提供了一个有希望的靶点。
{"title":"Neuromedin B and its receptor NMBR inhibit H9N2 infection","authors":"Guihong Yang ,&nbsp;Shimao Tian ,&nbsp;Jinyu Yang ,&nbsp;Yubing Tang ,&nbsp;Ke Tian ,&nbsp;Song Wang ,&nbsp;Yinli Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuromedin B (NMB) and its receptor NMBR constitute a neuropeptide system implicated in various physiological processes. While previously associated with innate immunity, their precise antiviral action against influenza A virus (IAV) infection have remained poorly defined. Here, we elucidate the function of the NMB/NMBR axis in the host defense against H9N2 influenza virus. We demonstrate that NMB treatment and NMBR overexpression potentiate IFN-β production and restrict viral replication in H9N2-infected A549 cells and mouse lungs. Conversely, NMBR knockdown compromises the antiviral response, diminishing IFN-β expression and enhancing viral propagation. We further show that NMB/NMBR signaling targets the viral non-structural protein 1 (NS1) by upregulating the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25. Mechanistically, NMB/NMBR activation engages a positive feedback loop with the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) pathway, reinforcing RIG-I activation through enhanced K63-linked ubiquitination while transcriptionally repressing the deubiquitinase CYLD. Consequently, this augmented signaling potentiates the JAK-STAT1 pathway, leading to increased STAT1 phosphorylation and elevated expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15). Our findings establish that the NMB/NMBR axis confers protection against H9N2 IAV by amplifying RIG-I-mediated innate immunity and facilitating NS1 suppression, revealing a pivotal neuroimmune mechanism and suggesting a promising target for developing broad-spectrum, host-directed therapeutics against IAV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 110790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “ASFV activates STAT3 to induce proviral M2 macrophage polarization” [Vet. Microbiol. 311 (2025) 110733] “ASFV激活STAT3诱导病毒前M2巨噬细胞极化”的勘误。微生物学。311 (2025)110733 [j]
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110833
Yanru Chen , Haowei Chen , Weijia Zhang , Penghao Lv , Zhichao Wang , Hanlin Liao , Kaiyue Wei , Qigai He , Min Cui
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引用次数: 0
Distribution of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Trueperella pyogenes isolated from Korean native cattle 韩国本土牛产化脓性真芽孢杆菌的耐药性和毒力基因分布
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110844
Min-Jeong Ji , Youngjun Kim , Kyoung-Seong Choi
Trueperella pyogenes is a commensal and opportunistic pathogen found on the skin and mucous membranes of livestock and wildlife. Although the clinical significance of T. pyogenes in livestock is well recognized, information about this pathogen is scarce in the Republic of Korea (ROK). This study aimed to investigate the distribution of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in T. pyogenes isolates from clinical infections. A total of 52 T. pyogenes isolates were obtained from cattle with respiratory distress or suppurative infections across five different farms in the ROK. PCR assays were used to detect virulence and antibiotic resistance genes, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. Among the virulence genes, plo was detected in all isolates (100 %), followed by cbpA (65.4 %), fimG (51.9 %), and fimC (42.3 %). The most common genotype was plo/fimG/cbpA (17.3 %). Resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and oxytetracycline was widespread, whereas all isolates remained susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Among antibiotic resistance genes, ermB (84.6 %) was the most prevalent, followed by tetM (57.7 %), dfrG (48.1 %), and blaZ (46.2 %). Eight isolates (15.4 %) exhibited multidrug resistance to five antibiotics. Notably, significant associations were observed between antibiotic resistance and virulence factor genes: cbpA with blaZ; fimG and cbpA with dfrG; fimG with tetM; and fimC with aph3-IIIa. These results suggest that this interaction may contribute to the pathogenicity of T. pyogenes. Our findings will provide valuable insights for the development of targeted strategies to control T. pyogenes infections.
化脓性true eperella pypygenes是在家畜和野生动物的皮肤和粘膜上发现的一种共生和机会性病原体。虽然化脓性乳杆菌在家畜中的临床意义已得到公认,但在韩国,关于这种病原体的信息很少。本研究旨在探讨化脓性肠杆菌临床感染分离株的毒力和耐药基因分布。一共52次 T。从韩国5个不同农场的患有呼吸窘迫或化脓性感染的牛身上分离出化脓菌。采用PCR检测毒力和耐药基因,采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。在毒力基因中,所有菌株均检出plo(100 %),其次是cbpA(65.4 %)、fimG(51.9 %)和fimC(42.3 %)。最常见的基因型为plo/ fig /cbpA(17.3% %)。对青霉素、红霉素和土霉素的耐药性普遍存在,而所有分离株仍对氟喹诺酮类药物敏感。抗生素耐药基因中以ermB(84.6 %)最多,其次是tetM(57.7 %)、dfrG(48.1 %)和blaZ(46.2 %)。8株(15.4 %)对5种抗生素耐多药。值得注意的是,抗生素耐药性与毒力因子基因之间存在显著相关性:cbpA与blaZ;g和cbpA与dfrG;g与tetM;c用ap3 - iiia。这些结果表明,这种相互作用可能有助于化脓性芽孢杆菌的致病性。我们的发现将为开发有针对性的控制化脓性肠杆菌感染的策略提供有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
CRISPR/Cas9-generated CD46-knockout spermatogonial stem cells reveal mechanisms of BVDV-induced reproductive dysfunction in male livestock CRISPR/ cas9产生的敲除cd46的精原干细胞揭示了bvdv诱导雄性牲畜生殖功能障碍的机制
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110807
Jiannan Li , Xueting Li , Xiao Li , Wenjie Xu , Liming Yuan , Hongzhao Shi , Zuo Lei , Na Li , Yulei Wei , Jinlian Hua
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major viral pathogen that affects ruminants, resulting in significant economic losses due to issues such as immunosuppression, reproductive disorders, and growth retardation. Bulls infected with this virus may become infertile within a few months and can transmit the virus to susceptible cattle during mating. However, the mechanism of BVDV impairing the reproductive function of male livestock is not clear, as there is no suitable cell model. This study used spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs) from cattle and goats as research materials to explore the mechanism by which BVDV affects the reproductive function of male livestock. The results of this study indicate that both cytopathic (cp) and noncytopathic (ncp) BVDV can replicate in SSCs and that SSCs are capable of producing infectious BVDV. Giemsa staining showed significant changes in the morphology of SSCs after BVDV infection. Western blot and mRNA analysis showed that proliferation-related genes (PCNA, CCND1, CDK2) and SSC functional genes (Lin28A, OCT4, SOX2) were down regulated after infection. In addition, BVDV infection can induce ferroptosis in SSCs. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9 mediated editing of CD46 in goat SSCs resulted in a decrease in BVDV infection rate and alleviated the negative impact of the virus on cell survival and proliferation. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of reduced reproductive function in male livestock infected with BVDV, and lays the foundation for developing targeted disease resistant breeding strategies.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒(Bovine viral diarrhea virus, BVDV)是一种影响反刍动物的主要病毒性病原体,由于免疫抑制、生殖障碍和生长迟缓等问题而造成重大经济损失。感染这种病毒的公牛可能在几个月内不育,并可在交配期间将病毒传染给易感的牛。然而,由于没有合适的细胞模型,BVDV损害雄性牲畜生殖功能的机制尚不清楚。本研究以牛、山羊精原干细胞(SSCs)为研究材料,探讨BVDV对雄性牲畜生殖功能的影响机制。本研究结果表明,细胞病变(cp)和非细胞病变(ncp) BVDV都可以在SSCs中复制,并且SSCs能够产生感染性BVDV。吉姆萨染色显示BVDV感染后SSCs形态发生显著变化。Western blot和mRNA分析显示,感染后增殖相关基因PCNA、CCND1、CDK2和SSC功能基因Lin28A、OCT4、SOX2表达下调。此外,BVDV感染可诱导ssc铁下垂。此外,CRISPR-Cas9介导的山羊ssc中CD46的编辑导致BVDV感染率下降,减轻了病毒对细胞存活和增殖的负面影响。本研究为研究BVDV感染雄性家畜生殖功能下降的机制提供了新的思路,为制定针对性的抗病育种策略奠定了基础。
{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-generated CD46-knockout spermatogonial stem cells reveal mechanisms of BVDV-induced reproductive dysfunction in male livestock","authors":"Jiannan Li ,&nbsp;Xueting Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Li ,&nbsp;Wenjie Xu ,&nbsp;Liming Yuan ,&nbsp;Hongzhao Shi ,&nbsp;Zuo Lei ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Yulei Wei ,&nbsp;Jinlian Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major viral pathogen that affects ruminants, resulting in significant economic losses due to issues such as immunosuppression, reproductive disorders, and growth retardation. Bulls infected with this virus may become infertile within a few months and can transmit the virus to susceptible cattle during mating. However, the mechanism of BVDV impairing the reproductive function of male livestock is not clear, as there is no suitable cell model. This study used spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs) from cattle and goats as research materials to explore the mechanism by which BVDV affects the reproductive function of male livestock. The results of this study indicate that both cytopathic (cp) and noncytopathic (ncp) BVDV can replicate in SSCs and that SSCs are capable of producing infectious BVDV. Giemsa staining showed significant changes in the morphology of SSCs after BVDV infection. Western blot and mRNA analysis showed that proliferation-related genes (<em>PCNA</em>, <em>CCND1</em>, <em>CDK2</em>) and SSC functional genes (<em>Lin28A</em>, <em>OCT4</em>, <em>SOX2</em>) were down regulated after infection. In addition, BVDV infection can induce ferroptosis in SSCs. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9 mediated editing of CD46 in goat SSCs resulted in a decrease in BVDV infection rate and alleviated the negative impact of the virus on cell survival and proliferation. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of reduced reproductive function in male livestock infected with BVDV, and lays the foundation for developing targeted disease resistant breeding strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 110807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
APPV NS5A employs PKR activation to redirect IRF3 phosphorylation from Ser396 to Ser386, ultimately resulting in the inhibition of IFN production APPV NS5A通过PKR激活将IRF3的磷酸化从Ser396重定向到Ser386,最终抑制IFN的产生
IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110830
Yingjie Xiang , Yongchen Ji , Jingwen Zhao , Huiguang Wu
Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is an emerging pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global swine industry. The nonstructural protein 5 A (NS5A) of Flavivirus is a known immunomodulator; however, its precise role in APPV pathogenesis, particularly its interaction with host interferon (IFN) responses, remains poorly understood. This study elucidates a novel molecular mechanism by which APPV NS5A manipulates host IFN production. We demonstrate that APPV NS5A exerts a dual effect on the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3): it inhibits the phosphorylation of IRF3 at Ser396 by disrupting the formation of the TBK1-IKKε-IRF3 complex, while simultaneously promoting the interaction between PKR and IRF3 by inducing PKR activation, ultimately resulting in the phosphorylation of IRF3 at Ser386. This phosphorylation switch consequently inhibits the production of IFN. Our research provides critical insights into the immune evasion strategies and pathogenic mechanisms of APPV, identifying the NS5A-PKR-IRF3 axis as a potential therapeutic target for developing novel antiviral interventions.
非典型猪瘟病毒(APPV)是一种新兴病原体,对全球养猪业构成重大威胁。黄病毒非结构蛋白5 A (NS5A)是一种已知的免疫调节剂;然而,其在APPV发病机制中的确切作用,特别是其与宿主干扰素(IFN)反应的相互作用,仍然知之甚少。本研究阐明了APPV NS5A调控宿主IFN产生的一种新的分子机制。我们发现APPV NS5A对干扰素调节因子3 (IRF3)的磷酸化具有双重作用:通过破坏TBK1-IKKε-IRF3复合物的形成,抑制IRF3在Ser396位点的磷酸化;同时通过诱导PKR活化,促进PKR与IRF3的相互作用,最终导致IRF3在Ser386位点的磷酸化。这种磷酸化开关因此抑制IFN的产生。我们的研究为APPV的免疫逃避策略和致病机制提供了重要的见解,确定了NS5A-PKR-IRF3轴作为开发新型抗病毒干预措施的潜在治疗靶点。
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Veterinary microbiology
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