Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110420
Chen Yuan , Yuchang Wang , Xiaowen Zhang , Xingyu Tian , Ying Liang , Fei Pan , Haoshuai Song , Linya Xia , Zhihui Wu , Wenqing Wang , Xiaowen Zhang , Yurui Xie , Mingli Zhu , Ruiqi Hu , Zhen Yang , Hongjie Fan , Zhe Ma
Streptococcus equi subsp.zooepidemicus (SEZ) causes acute death in pigs and severely impacts the pig industry; however, comprehensive records of the clinical signs of SEZ from a bacteriological perspective are lacking. In this study, we found that piglets developed fever and a reduced appetite within 24 hours-post-infection (hpi) with SEZ and that sudden death usually started at 36 hpi. The mortality rate reached 100 % within 48 hpi. The moribund piglets presented prominent gross lesions, including swollen lungs with peripheral consolidation, enlarged and congested spleens, turbid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and hemorrhagic lymph nodes. Histopathologic analysis revealed widespread septicemia. The liver and spleen harbored the highest CFU burden in moribund piglets, and more SEZ proliferated in the CSF than in the brain parenchyma, suggesting an adaptation of SEZ in the CSF. By using genetically engineered chimeric McAbs with a porcine Fc region that targets the variant region of SzM (vSzM), we efficiently eliminated the SEZ burden and protected organs from gross pathological lesions in piglets. Collectively, these data provide more details concerning the systemic infection of SEZ and the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of McAbs against SEZ infection.
{"title":"The clinical characteristics of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus causing acute death in pigs and its prevention with chimeric monoclonal antibodies","authors":"Chen Yuan , Yuchang Wang , Xiaowen Zhang , Xingyu Tian , Ying Liang , Fei Pan , Haoshuai Song , Linya Xia , Zhihui Wu , Wenqing Wang , Xiaowen Zhang , Yurui Xie , Mingli Zhu , Ruiqi Hu , Zhen Yang , Hongjie Fan , Zhe Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus equi</em> subsp<em>.zooepidemicus</em> (SEZ) causes acute death in pigs and severely impacts the pig industry; however, comprehensive records of the clinical signs of SEZ from a bacteriological perspective are lacking. In this study, we found that piglets developed fever and a reduced appetite within 24 hours-post-infection (hpi) with SEZ and that sudden death usually started at 36 hpi. The mortality rate reached 100 % within 48 hpi. The moribund piglets presented prominent gross lesions, including swollen lungs with peripheral consolidation, enlarged and congested spleens, turbid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and hemorrhagic lymph nodes. Histopathologic analysis revealed widespread septicemia. The liver and spleen harbored the highest CFU burden in moribund piglets, and more SEZ proliferated in the CSF than in the brain parenchyma, suggesting an adaptation of SEZ in the CSF. By using genetically engineered chimeric McAbs with a porcine Fc region that targets the variant region of SzM (vSzM), we efficiently eliminated the SEZ burden and protected organs from gross pathological lesions in piglets. Collectively, these data provide more details concerning the systemic infection of SEZ and the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of McAbs against SEZ infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110421
Juliana González , María Soledad Ríos , Luciana Hernandez , María Laura Chiapparrone , María Belén Riccio , Claudio Cacciato , Rocío Colello , Ana Victoria Bustamante , Andrea Mariel Sanso
The presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) in food production systems is a public health problem, since they can be transmitted to humans. The aims of this study were to isolate and characterize ESBL-EC from poultry farms located in Argentina. Resistances to β-lactams (first-, third-, and fourth-generation cephalosporins, penicillin), tetracyclines, quinolones, sulfonamides, phosphonates and aminoglycosides were found among the 40 ESBL-EC isolates. In addition, a wide range of antimicrobial resistance profiles were identified. The most frequent accompanying resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics was tetracycline (97.5 %), followed by ciprofloxacin (82.5 %). All ESBL-EC isolates were multidrug resistant, and were grouped into four blaCTX-M groups: blaCTX-M-2 (75 %), followed by blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-1/blaCTX-M-2, and blaCTX-M-2/blaCTX-M-8. Of the 40 ESBL-EC isolates, 31 carried genes encoding integrase, 28 were positive for intI1- qacEΔ1- sul1, three for intI1, three were identified as Verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) and most of the studied isolates belonged to the phylogroup E. This study reports the presence of CTX-M in E. coli obtained from poultry production in Argentina and that CTX-M-2 was the main mechanism responsible for third generation cephalosporins resistance. Also, showed that apparently healthy chickens in Argentina harbor commensal multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESBL-EC, with resistances to antibiotics of critical importance for human and veterinary medicine.
{"title":"Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli through the poultry production chain in Argentina","authors":"Juliana González , María Soledad Ríos , Luciana Hernandez , María Laura Chiapparrone , María Belén Riccio , Claudio Cacciato , Rocío Colello , Ana Victoria Bustamante , Andrea Mariel Sanso","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> (ESBL-EC) in food production systems is a public health problem, since they can be transmitted to humans. The aims of this study were to isolate and characterize ESBL-EC from poultry farms located in Argentina. Resistances to β-lactams (first-, third-, and fourth-generation cephalosporins, penicillin), tetracyclines, quinolones, sulfonamides, phosphonates and aminoglycosides were found among the 40 ESBL-EC isolates. In addition, a wide range of antimicrobial resistance profiles were identified. The most frequent accompanying resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics was tetracycline (97.5 %), followed by ciprofloxacin (82.5 %). All ESBL-EC isolates were multidrug resistant, and were grouped into four <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M</sub> groups: <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-2</sub> (75 %), followed by <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-1</sub>, <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-1</sub>/<em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-2</sub>, and <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-2</sub>/<em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M-8</sub>. Of the 40 ESBL-EC isolates, 31 carried genes encoding integrase, 28 were positive for <em>intI1</em>- <em>qacEΔ1</em>- <em>sul1</em>, three for <em>intI1</em>, three were identified as Verocytotoxin-producing <em>E. coli</em> (VTEC) and most of the studied isolates belonged to the phylogroup E. This study reports the presence of CTX-M in <em>E. coli</em> obtained from poultry production in Argentina and that CTX-M-2 was the main mechanism responsible for third generation cephalosporins resistance. Also, showed that apparently healthy chickens in Argentina harbor commensal multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESBL-EC, with resistances to antibiotics of critical importance for human and veterinary medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143207981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110416
Xuefei Chu , Shengqiang Ge , Bingrong Wu , Yuanyuan Zuo , Tiangang Xu , Jiarong Yu , Lei Yin , Hailong Qu , Jinming Li , Yihong Xiao , Zhiliang Wang
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Currently, effective vaccines are not available for the prevention and control of ASF. ASFV is susceptible to mutations as it has a large genome and encodes numerous proteins. In addition to evading the host immune response, ASFV utilizes host proteins to regulate its replication. The ASFV p30 protein is involved in virus internalization into the host cell and is expressed throughout the viral replication cycle, influencing viral replication. This study identified the host proteins that interact with p30 using mass spectrometry analysis. Immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that the ASFV p30 protein interacted with the host proteins CCAR2 and MATR3, co-localizing with them in the cytoplasm. CCAR2 and MATR3 promoted ASFV replication. Conversely, ASFV infection upregulated the expression of CCAR2 and MATR3 in the host. Thus, the ASFV p30 protein regulates ASFV replication by interacting with CCAR2 and MATR3.
{"title":"ASFV p30 interacts with CCAR2 and MATR3 to promote ASFV replication","authors":"Xuefei Chu , Shengqiang Ge , Bingrong Wu , Yuanyuan Zuo , Tiangang Xu , Jiarong Yu , Lei Yin , Hailong Qu , Jinming Li , Yihong Xiao , Zhiliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Currently, effective vaccines are not available for the prevention and control of ASF. ASFV is susceptible to mutations as it has a large genome and encodes numerous proteins. In addition to evading the host immune response, ASFV utilizes host proteins to regulate its replication. The ASFV p30 protein is involved in virus internalization into the host cell and is expressed throughout the viral replication cycle, influencing viral replication. This study identified the host proteins that interact with p30 using mass spectrometry analysis. Immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that the ASFV p30 protein interacted with the host proteins CCAR2 and MATR3, co-localizing with them in the cytoplasm. CCAR2 and MATR3 promoted ASFV replication. Conversely, ASFV infection upregulated the expression of CCAR2 and MATR3 in the host. Thus, the ASFV p30 protein regulates ASFV replication by interacting with CCAR2 and MATR3.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143208309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Probiotics effectively alleviate host diarrhoea, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Therefore, we explored the protective mechanism of Bacillus coagulans (BC) on intestinal barrier injury induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) in rabbits by HE, immunofluorescence and 16S rRNA. The results showed that BC pretreatment alleviated the changes in average daily gain, average daily feed intake and FCR caused by K. pneumoniae in rabbits. Moreover, BC alleviated the inflammatory cell infiltration, intestinal villus reduction, crypt deepening and goblet cell reduction caused by K. pneumoniae in rabbits. Further research revealed that BC improved the intestinal barrier by improving the mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, immune barrier and microbial barrier. Specifically, BC improved the intestinal mechanical barrier by improving the intestinal structure, increasing the protein expression of PCNA, increasing the number of goblet cells, and altering the expression of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1. BC improved the intestinal chemical barrier by regulating the expression of MUC1 and MUC2 and inhibited the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway by altering the expression levels of the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, thus optimizing the intestinal immune barrier. In addition, adding BC to the diet improved the intestinal microbial barrier of rabbits by reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria and increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria. In summary, BC protects against K. pneumoniae-induced intestinal barrier damage by improving intestinal morphology, mitigating the inflammatory response and regulating the microbial composition. Among the pretreatments, the pretreatment effect of 1 × 106 CFU/g was the best. This study provides a theoretical basis for the use of BC to prevent and treat diarrhoea caused by K. pneumoniae in rabbits.
{"title":"Bacillus coagulans alleviates intestinal barrier injury induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in rabbits by regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway","authors":"Jianing Wang, Ziqiang Zhang, Jiajia Wang, Lihui Shi, Shuaishuai Wang, Bingyu Niu, Xiaonuo Tian, Qiongxia Lv, Lan Wei, Mengyun Li, Yumei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Probiotics effectively alleviate host diarrhoea, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Therefore, we explored the protective mechanism of <em>Bacillus coagulans</em> (<strong>BC)</strong> on intestinal barrier injury induced by <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (<em>K. pneumoniae)</em> in rabbits by HE, immunofluorescence and 16S rRNA. The results showed that BC pretreatment alleviated the changes in average daily gain, average daily feed intake and FCR caused by <em>K. pneumoniae</em> in rabbits. Moreover, BC alleviated the inflammatory cell infiltration, intestinal villus reduction, crypt deepening and goblet cell reduction caused by <em>K. pneumoniae</em> in rabbits. Further research revealed that BC improved the intestinal barrier by improving the mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, immune barrier and microbial barrier. Specifically, BC improved the intestinal mechanical barrier by improving the intestinal structure, increasing the protein expression of PCNA, increasing the number of goblet cells, and altering the expression of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1. BC improved the intestinal chemical barrier by regulating the expression of MUC1 and MUC2 and inhibited the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway by altering the expression levels of the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, thus optimizing the intestinal immune barrier. In addition, adding BC to the diet improved the intestinal microbial barrier of rabbits by reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria and increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria. In summary, BC protects against <em>K. pneumoniae</em>-induced intestinal barrier damage by improving intestinal morphology, mitigating the inflammatory response and regulating the microbial composition. Among the pretreatments, the pretreatment effect of 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/g was the best. This study provides a theoretical basis for the use of BC to prevent and treat diarrhoea caused by <em>K. pneumoniae</em> in rabbits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110366
Laura C. Miller , Sarah J. Anderson , Alexandra C. Buckley , Erin E. Schirtzinger , Mahamudul Hasan , Kaitlyn M. Sarlo Davila , Damarius S. Fleming , Kelly M. Lager , Jiuyi Li , Yongming Sang
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the highly variable PRRS virus (PRRSV), presents a significant challenge to the swine industry due to its pathogenic and economic burden. The virus evades host immune responses, particularly interferon (IFN) signaling, through various viral mechanisms. Traditional vaccines have shown variable efficacy in the field, prompting the exploration of novel vaccination strategies. This study investigates a reverse genetics approach to develop a modified live virus (MLV) vaccine expressing the potent antiviral cytokine interferon-ω5 (IFN-ω5) to combat PRRSV. The study utilizes an infectious cDNA clone of PRRSV, incorporating genetic modifications for IFN-ω5 expression. A comparative evaluation, including in vitro and particularly in vivo assessments here, was conducted to determine the vaccine's efficacy. Results indicate that pigs vaccinated with the IFN-ω5 MLV exhibited significant differences compared to the mock group in terms of body temperature, weight gain, antibody response, viral load, cytokine profile, and lung lesions following PRRSV challenge. This study underscores the potential of reverse genetics and IFN-ω5 expression as a promising strategy for developing effective PRRSV vaccines. The findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of immune response and viral pathogenesis, highlighting the importance of early immune activation in combating PRRSV infection.
{"title":"Replication-competent recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus expressing antiviral cytokine interferon-ω5 as a modified live virus vaccine","authors":"Laura C. Miller , Sarah J. Anderson , Alexandra C. Buckley , Erin E. Schirtzinger , Mahamudul Hasan , Kaitlyn M. Sarlo Davila , Damarius S. Fleming , Kelly M. Lager , Jiuyi Li , Yongming Sang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the highly variable PRRS virus (PRRSV), presents a significant challenge to the swine industry due to its pathogenic and economic burden. The virus evades host immune responses, particularly interferon (IFN) signaling, through various viral mechanisms. Traditional vaccines have shown variable efficacy in the field, prompting the exploration of novel vaccination strategies. This study investigates a reverse genetics approach to develop a modified live virus (MLV) vaccine expressing the potent antiviral cytokine interferon-ω5 (IFN-ω5) to combat PRRSV. The study utilizes an infectious cDNA clone of PRRSV, incorporating genetic modifications for IFN-ω5 expression. A comparative evaluation, including <em>in vitro</em> and particularly <em>in vivo</em> assessments here, was conducted to determine the vaccine's efficacy. Results indicate that pigs vaccinated with the IFN-ω5 MLV exhibited significant differences compared to the mock group in terms of body temperature, weight gain, antibody response, viral load, cytokine profile, and lung lesions following PRRSV challenge. This study underscores the potential of reverse genetics and IFN-ω5 expression as a promising strategy for developing effective PRRSV vaccines. The findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of immune response and viral pathogenesis, highlighting the importance of early immune activation in combating PRRSV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of the genus Alphacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, which has a mortality rate of up to 100 % in neonatal piglets and causes huge economic losses to the pig industry. The target cells of PEDV infection are porcine small intestinal epithelial cells, and the mechanism of PEDV invasion remains unclear. Our study found that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) acts as a cofactor for PEDV infection by promoting PEDV invasion and replication. Firstly, we mapped the expression profile of DPP4 in different tissues of 7-day-old piglets and found that DPP4 was highly expressed in the liver, lung, kidney, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum tissues of piglets. In addition, the immunohistochemical results showed that DPP4 was mainly distributed at the apical of intestinal villous epithelial cells in the jejunum of piglets. Further studies revealed that DPP4 expression was significantly lower in PEDV-infected porcine jejunal tissues and IPEC-J2 cells than in uninfected controls. PEDV invasion and replication could be inhibited by DPP4 inhibitor and specific antibody. Moreover, DPP4 knockout was able to significantly inhibit PEDV infection. Then, we found that endogenous DPP4 interacted with PEDV, and that preincubation of PEDV with endogenous DPP4 reduced viral infection. Finally, we predicted the docking of DPP4 and PEDV-S1-RBD proteins in silico, showing a strong binding tendency. Taken together, our study supports the hypothesis that DPP4 is a cofactor for PEDV infection.
{"title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a cofactor for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection","authors":"Yanjie Huang , Jiayun Wu , Xueli Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Shenglong Wu , Wenbin Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of the genus <em>Alphacoronavirus</em> in the family <em>Coronaviridae</em>, which has a mortality rate of up to 100 % in neonatal piglets and causes huge economic losses to the pig industry. The target cells of PEDV infection are porcine small intestinal epithelial cells, and the mechanism of PEDV invasion remains unclear. Our study found that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) acts as a cofactor for PEDV infection by promoting PEDV invasion and replication. Firstly, we mapped the expression profile of DPP4 in different tissues of 7-day-old piglets and found that DPP4 was highly expressed in the liver, lung, kidney, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum tissues of piglets. In addition, the immunohistochemical results showed that DPP4 was mainly distributed at the apical of intestinal villous epithelial cells in the jejunum of piglets. Further studies revealed that DPP4 expression was significantly lower in PEDV-infected porcine jejunal tissues and IPEC-J2 cells than in uninfected controls. PEDV invasion and replication could be inhibited by DPP4 inhibitor and specific antibody. Moreover, DPP4 knockout was able to significantly inhibit PEDV infection. Then, we found that endogenous DPP4 interacted with PEDV, and that preincubation of PEDV with endogenous DPP4 reduced viral infection. Finally, we predicted the docking of DPP4 and PEDV-S1-RBD proteins in silico, showing a strong binding tendency. Taken together, our study supports the hypothesis that DPP4 is a cofactor for PEDV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110356
Liang Li , Muze Lv , Yangfan Li , Huihui Sun , Jie Li , Wenyan Li , Xuan Wang , Ruimin Bi , Zuyao Zhang , Zongyi Bo , Haixiao Shen , Jun Wang , Minghao Zhuansun , Jinchi Zhou , Yuting Xue , Xinru Suo , Rui Tong , Pei Sun
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a significant pathogen that causes acute infectious diseases in pigs, resulting in considerable economic losses for the global pig industry. The lack of effective control measures and vaccines against the circulating variants of PRV highlights the pressing need for novel treatment strategies. In this study, a screening of a natural product library identified Berbamine as a promising compound that inhibits PRV replication, with a selectivity index of 17. Preliminary investigations demonstrated that Berbamine impedes viral proliferation by targeting the replication and release stages of the PRV life cycle. In experiments with mice artificially infected with PRV, Berbamine significantly alleviated clinical symptoms and histopathological changes in brain tissue caused by PRV infection. Furthermore, molecular docking studies indicated that Berbamine targets the UL50 protein, not only of PRV but also of HSV-1, FHV-1, and BoHV-1. Given that the UL50 protein is a promising target for antiviral drug development, Berbamine holds considerable potential for broad application in antiviral therapies.
{"title":"Berbamine inhibits Pseudorabies virus in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Liang Li , Muze Lv , Yangfan Li , Huihui Sun , Jie Li , Wenyan Li , Xuan Wang , Ruimin Bi , Zuyao Zhang , Zongyi Bo , Haixiao Shen , Jun Wang , Minghao Zhuansun , Jinchi Zhou , Yuting Xue , Xinru Suo , Rui Tong , Pei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a significant pathogen that causes acute infectious diseases in pigs, resulting in considerable economic losses for the global pig industry. The lack of effective control measures and vaccines against the circulating variants of PRV highlights the pressing need for novel treatment strategies. In this study, a screening of a natural product library identified Berbamine as a promising compound that inhibits PRV replication, with a selectivity index of 17. Preliminary investigations demonstrated that Berbamine impedes viral proliferation by targeting the replication and release stages of the PRV life cycle. In experiments with mice artificially infected with PRV, Berbamine significantly alleviated clinical symptoms and histopathological changes in brain tissue caused by PRV infection. Furthermore, molecular docking studies indicated that Berbamine targets the UL50 protein, not only of PRV but also of HSV-1, FHV-1, and BoHV-1. Given that the UL50 protein is a promising target for antiviral drug development, Berbamine holds considerable potential for broad application in antiviral therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110357
Peng Zhou , Dejian Liu , Qingxiang Zhang , Wanrong Wu , Dong Chen , Rui Luo
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Antiviral effects of duck type I and type III interferons against Duck Tembusu virus in vitro and in vivo” [Vet. Microbiol. 287 (2023) 109889]","authors":"Peng Zhou , Dejian Liu , Qingxiang Zhang , Wanrong Wu , Dong Chen , Rui Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110338
Pattrarat Chanchaithong , Parinya Sroithongkham , Chavin Leelapsawas , Komkiew Pinpimai , Jitrapa Yindee , Alexandra Collaud , Vincent Perreten
NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli are the predominant carbapenemase producers of medical and public health importance. The global spread of blaNDM-5-containing plasmids in high-risk E. coli clones has been primarily documented in humans and increasingly reported in animals and the environment. Here, we used whole-genome sequence analysis to describe the genetic diversity of 16 high-risk NDM-5-producing E. coli strains, with a variety of NDM-5 plasmids, isolated from dogs and cats with extraintestinal infections in Thailand between 2017 and 2021. The strains belonged to sequence type (ST) 410 (n = 8), ST354 (n = 3), ST648 (n = 2), ST361 (n = 1), ST617 (n = 1), and ST641 (n = 1). The ST641 strain carried blaNDM-5 on an IncX3 plasmid, while blaNDM-5 was localized on single-replicon or multi-replicon IncF plasmids in other STs. Non-conjugative F1:A1:B49 NDM-5 plasmids were limited to ST410 strains. They contained blaNDM-5 associated with the IS26-bounded complex class 1 integron (Int1) with dfrA17-aadA5-qacEΔ1-sul1 cassette array that shared similarities to nearly identical structures with the plasmids of ST410 strains from humans in Thailand and Myanmar. Conjugative IncFII (F2:A-:B-) NDM-5 plasmids containing Int1 with dfrA12-aadA2-qacEΔ1-sul1 cassette array were present in ST354 and ST648, and heterogeneous plasmid STs of conjugative multi-replicon IncF NDM-5 plasmids were found in ST361, ST410, ST617, and ST648. The blaNDM-5 elements mobilized by IS26 were shared among various IncF plasmids in high-risk E. coli clones but were conserved within the endemic E. coli ST410, representing the predominant lineage in Southeast Asian countries. Dogs and cats can develop infections with NDM-5-producing E. coli, posing the risk of further disseminating carbapenemase in veterinary settings and the community. This emphasizes the need to implement infection control and antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs in veterinary settings.
{"title":"NDM-5-plasmid diversity in multiple international high-risk Escherichia coli clones associated with canine and feline extraintestinal infections","authors":"Pattrarat Chanchaithong , Parinya Sroithongkham , Chavin Leelapsawas , Komkiew Pinpimai , Jitrapa Yindee , Alexandra Collaud , Vincent Perreten","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NDM-5-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> are the predominant carbapenemase producers of medical and public health importance. The global spread of <em>bla</em><sub>NDM-5</sub>-containing plasmids in high-risk <em>E. coli</em> clones has been primarily documented in humans and increasingly reported in animals and the environment. Here, we used whole-genome sequence analysis to describe the genetic diversity of 16 high-risk NDM-5-producing <em>E. coli</em> strains, with a variety of NDM-5 plasmids, isolated from dogs and cats with extraintestinal infections in Thailand between 2017 and 2021. The strains belonged to sequence type (ST) 410 (n = 8), ST354 (n = 3), ST648 (n = 2), ST361 (n = 1), ST617 (n = 1), and ST641 (n = 1). The ST641 strain carried <em>bla</em><sub>NDM-5</sub> on an IncX3 plasmid, while <em>bla</em><sub>NDM-5</sub> was localized on single-replicon or multi-replicon IncF plasmids in other STs. Non-conjugative F1:A1:B49 NDM-5 plasmids were limited to ST410 strains. They contained <em>bla</em><sub>NDM-5</sub> associated with the IS<em>26</em>-bounded complex class 1 integron (Int1) with <em>dfrA17</em>-<em>aadA5</em>-<em>qacE</em>Δ<em>1</em>-<em>sul1</em> cassette array that shared similarities to nearly identical structures with the plasmids of ST410 strains from humans in Thailand and Myanmar. Conjugative IncFII (F2:A-:B-) NDM-5 plasmids containing Int1 with <em>dfrA12</em>-<em>aadA2</em>-<em>qacE</em>Δ<em>1</em>-<em>sul1</em> cassette array were present in ST354 and ST648, and heterogeneous plasmid STs of conjugative multi-replicon IncF NDM-5 plasmids were found in ST361, ST410, ST617, and ST648. The <em>bla</em><sub>NDM-5</sub> elements mobilized by IS<em>26</em> were shared among various IncF plasmids in high-risk <em>E. coli</em> clones but were conserved within the endemic <em>E. coli</em> ST410, representing the predominant lineage in Southeast Asian countries. Dogs and cats can develop infections with NDM-5-producing <em>E. coli</em>, posing the risk of further disseminating carbapenemase in veterinary settings and the community. This emphasizes the need to implement infection control and antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs in veterinary settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110358
Virginie Lachapelle , Julie Arsenault , Nicolas Nantel-Fortier , Pierre Hélie , Yvan L’Homme , Julie Brassard
Group A rotaviruses (RVA) and group C rotaviruses (RVC) are important enteric pathogens in swine. Comprehensive studies investigating porcine rotaviruses in Canada are necessary to enhance understanding of the frequency, impacts, and dynamics of these infections in swine herds. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of RVA and RVC, describe circulating strains, and assess the association of rotaviruses with diarrhea at the piglet, litter, and batch levels in Canadian farrowing swine productions. A matched case-control study was conducted on farrowing farms within an integrated production system experiencing a diarrheic episode. Rectal swabs from 94 diarrheic piglets and 127 healthy piglets were collected and subjected to VP7 and VP4 gene amplification of RVA and RVC using RT-PCR. Results indicated a 45.4 % and 27.4 % prevalence for RVA and RVC in piglets, respectively. A significant association between RVC and diarrhea (odds ratio = 7.1; p = 0.02) was identified at the batch level, while RVA detection did not show a significant relationship with diarrhea. Molecular characterization of various RVA and RVC strains detected in this study described at least four different RVA strains and three different RVC strains circulating on farms within the integrated production system. This study estimates the prevalence of RVA and RVC and describes the main viral strains in swine herds experiencing an episode of neonatal diarrhea. While it also highlights the importance of RVC in piglet diarrhea when detected in a batch, results from his study warrant the implementation of additional prevention measures and regular surveillance for the control of both RVA and RVC in swine herds.
{"title":"A matched case-control study of porcine group A and C rotaviruses in a swine farrowing production system","authors":"Virginie Lachapelle , Julie Arsenault , Nicolas Nantel-Fortier , Pierre Hélie , Yvan L’Homme , Julie Brassard","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Group A rotaviruses (RVA) and group C rotaviruses (RVC) are important enteric pathogens in swine. Comprehensive studies investigating porcine rotaviruses in Canada are necessary to enhance understanding of the frequency, impacts, and dynamics of these infections in swine herds. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of RVA and RVC, describe circulating strains, and assess the association of rotaviruses with diarrhea at the piglet, litter, and batch levels in Canadian farrowing swine productions. A matched case-control study was conducted on farrowing farms within an integrated production system experiencing a diarrheic episode. Rectal swabs from 94 diarrheic piglets and 127 healthy piglets were collected and subjected to VP7 and VP4 gene amplification of RVA and RVC using RT-PCR. Results indicated a 45.4 % and 27.4 % prevalence for RVA and RVC in piglets, respectively. A significant association between RVC and diarrhea (odds ratio = 7.1; p = 0.02) was identified at the batch level, while RVA detection did not show a significant relationship with diarrhea. Molecular characterization of various RVA and RVC strains detected in this study described at least four different RVA strains and three different RVC strains circulating on farms within the integrated production system. This study estimates the prevalence of RVA and RVC and describes the main viral strains in swine herds experiencing an episode of neonatal diarrhea. While it also highlights the importance of RVC in piglet diarrhea when detected in a batch, results from his study warrant the implementation of additional prevention measures and regular surveillance for the control of both RVA and RVC in swine herds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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