As a relatively young discipline, medical ethics faces a number of challenges, one of which is the development of a teaching methodology. Within this field there is a co-existence of different spheres of human knowledge – both scientific and social, however, ethics is above all a science of interpersonal relations. This requires the development of a sustainable and flexible toolkit for resolving ethical dilemmas. The purpose of this paper is to show that the method of casuistry has a very important role in developing certain skills in medical ethics students. Through solving cases, future medical professionals develop the ability to detect ethical conflicts, as well as to analyse them. The main objective of this work is to explore two of the fundamental ethical approaches – principlism and casuistry, with their respective advantages and disadvantages. In this way, arguments are put forward in favour of the statement that casuistry is complete and full value method only when it is based on theoretical knowledge. In conclusion: casuistry should be considered as a method and not as a theory; it must work in collaboration with fundamental moral theories; case solving develops students' ability to compare cases with paradigms, which facilitates their choice of solution; however, casuistry should not rely solely on thinking by analogy and learning case studies, as this would exclude all other factors (social, cultural, religious, philosophical) that influence good decision-making.
{"title":"Casuistry As A Method Of Teaching Medical Ethics","authors":"V. Slavova, A. Kerekovska","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7966","url":null,"abstract":"As a relatively young discipline, medical ethics faces a number of challenges, one of which is the development of a teaching methodology. Within this field there is a co-existence of different spheres of human knowledge – both scientific and social, however, ethics is above all a science of interpersonal relations. This requires the development of a sustainable and flexible toolkit for resolving ethical dilemmas. The purpose of this paper is to show that the method of casuistry has a very important role in developing certain skills in medical ethics students. Through solving cases, future medical professionals develop the ability to detect ethical conflicts, as well as to analyse them. The main objective of this work is to explore two of the fundamental ethical approaches – principlism and casuistry, with their respective advantages and disadvantages. In this way, arguments are put forward in favour of the statement that casuistry is complete and full value method only when it is based on theoretical knowledge. In conclusion: casuistry should be considered as a method and not as a theory; it must work in collaboration with fundamental moral theories; case solving develops students' ability to compare cases with paradigms, which facilitates their choice of solution; however, casuistry should not rely solely on thinking by analogy and learning case studies, as this would exclude all other factors (social, cultural, religious, philosophical) that influence good decision-making.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72683188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Upon admission of a child with special educational needs (SEN) to the Social Rehabilitation and Integration Center (SRIC) an incoming needs assessment is prepared. Corresponding to the manifestation specifics of children’s difficulties and needs assessment, an individual plan by the multidisciplinary team. The services provided by the Social Rehabilitation and Integration Center "Radost" Varna are aimed at achieving practical and social autonomy, knowledge development and intellectual potential of children with SEN. The article presents the level of satisfaction in parents of children with SEN to the services provided by the SRIC “Radost”, Varna.
{"title":"Parents satisfaction of children with special educational needs from the services provided by the Social Rehabilitation and Integration Center “Radost” Varna","authors":"Bogdan Zamtikov, G. Petrova","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7972","url":null,"abstract":"Upon admission of a child with special educational needs (SEN) to the Social Rehabilitation and Integration Center (SRIC) an incoming needs assessment is prepared. Corresponding to the manifestation specifics of children’s difficulties and needs assessment, an individual plan by the multidisciplinary team. The services provided by the Social Rehabilitation and Integration Center \"Radost\" Varna are aimed at achieving practical and social autonomy, knowledge development and intellectual potential of children with SEN. The article presents the level of satisfaction in parents of children with SEN to the services provided by the SRIC “Radost”, Varna.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84349089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Petranca Gagova, I. Nikolova, Petya Varbanova, V. Petrova
Students education in medical colleges has its own traditions and follows the principles of pedagogy and psychology, applying good practices in medical science. With the selection of students accepted for teaching, the foundation is laid, on which further empathic and professional training is built. Nowadays, during a pandemic and a shortage of medical staff in healthcare we talk about volunteering practices by young professionals and students to get out of the crisis situation. Medical university students were given the opportunity to volunteer to serve patients with COVID-19. The purpose of this report is to present students 'attitudes to participate in volunteer programs and analyze opportunities to increase learners' motivation for such activities. There were used documentary and sociological methods. Internet sources related to volunteering as a concept are reviewed and analyzed. The sociological survey made through its own anonymous survey, covers 90.3% of the students majoring in " X-ray technician" at the Medical College in Sofia. The results of the survey showed that half of the respondents were involved in various volunteer activities; the biggest percentage of respondents have information about volunteer activities from social networks and friends; 86.3% want to get involved in volunteer programs, but 59.8% of respondents have free time to spend on it. 70.6% believe that volunteering can help their professional careers. In conclusion, it can be said that most of the respondents positively accept the idea of volunteering, but the commitment of the university, respectively the college and its teachers is to guide and stimulate its students to such activities that develop feelings such as empathy and satisfaction in helping others. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to innovations in education, and volunteering practices would contribute to a positive change in the attitude of medical staff towards patients and their own profession.
{"title":"Student attitudes to participate in volunteer programs","authors":"Petranca Gagova, I. Nikolova, Petya Varbanova, V. Petrova","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7963","url":null,"abstract":"Students education in medical colleges has its own traditions and follows the principles of pedagogy and psychology, applying good practices in medical science. With the selection of students accepted for teaching, the foundation is laid, on which further empathic and professional training is built. Nowadays, during a pandemic and a shortage of medical staff in healthcare we talk about volunteering practices by young professionals and students to get out of the crisis situation. Medical university students were given the opportunity to volunteer to serve patients with COVID-19. The purpose of this report is to present students 'attitudes to participate in volunteer programs and analyze opportunities to increase learners' motivation for such activities. There were used documentary and sociological methods. Internet sources related to volunteering as a concept are reviewed and analyzed. The sociological survey made through its own anonymous survey, covers 90.3% of the students majoring in \" X-ray technician\" at the Medical College in Sofia. The results of the survey showed that half of the respondents were involved in various volunteer activities; the biggest percentage of respondents have information about volunteer activities from social networks and friends; 86.3% want to get involved in volunteer programs, but 59.8% of respondents have free time to spend on it. 70.6% believe that volunteering can help their professional careers. In conclusion, it can be said that most of the respondents positively accept the idea of volunteering, but the commitment of the university, respectively the college and its teachers is to guide and stimulate its students to such activities that develop feelings such as empathy and satisfaction in helping others. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to innovations in education, and volunteering practices would contribute to a positive change in the attitude of medical staff towards patients and their own profession.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89853628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advances in technology and the requirements for continuous professional development have an impact on the education of X-ray technicians and the competencies they must acquire to practice the profession successfully. The trends in the development of competencies are in the following directions: continuous improvement of the quality of X-ray education in accordance with the needs of the society, bringing the training and the certification of specialists in line with European and world healthcare standards, priority development of competencies related to the specific workplace, and meeting the growing needs for personal and professional development. The professional competencies of X-ray technicians in Bulgaria are developed in accordance with the European Qualifications Framework and are aimed at acquiring professional knowledge, skills and competencies that are appropriate for the achievements of modern medical science and practice, mastering organizational and managerial culture in accordance with ethical and legal norms, building skills for independent decision-making in the interest of the patient, and developing teamwork skills, high-level digital skills and foreign language competences. For a competent, highly skilled X-ray technician today, it is no longer enough to have the knowledge and skills directly and specifically related to the profession. It requires a wide range of knowledge in other areas, such as ethics, psychology, law, economics, and IT. Therefore, the application of the multidisciplinary approach in the education of future X-ray technician has an important role in the development of highly competent healthcare professionals.
{"title":"Trends In The Development Of The Competencies Of The Modern X-Ray Laboratory Assistant According To The European Practice","authors":"M. Yordanova","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7965","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in technology and the requirements for continuous professional development have an impact on the education of X-ray technicians and the competencies they must acquire to practice the profession successfully. The trends in the development of competencies are in the following directions: continuous improvement of the quality of X-ray education in accordance with the needs of the society, bringing the training and the certification of specialists in line with European and world healthcare standards, priority development of competencies related to the specific workplace, and meeting the growing needs for personal and professional development. The professional competencies of X-ray technicians in Bulgaria are developed in accordance with the European Qualifications Framework and are aimed at acquiring professional knowledge, skills and competencies that are appropriate for the achievements of modern medical science and practice, mastering organizational and managerial culture in accordance with ethical and legal norms, building skills for independent decision-making in the interest of the patient, and developing teamwork skills, high-level digital skills and foreign language competences. For a competent, highly skilled X-ray technician today, it is no longer enough to have the knowledge and skills directly and specifically related to the profession. It requires a wide range of knowledge in other areas, such as ethics, psychology, law, economics, and IT. Therefore, the application of the multidisciplinary approach in the education of future X-ray technician has an important role in the development of highly competent healthcare professionals.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81874005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The terms "capability" and "incapability" are the most common and most important in forensic psychiatric practice in civil proceedings. Capability is acquired by presumption, and incapability is subject to proof. In the study of incapability there is no single standard that would guarantee the unification of forensic psychiatric practice in the field of capability. The ambiguities in the incapability criteria lead to unsatisfactory reliability in the preparation of forensic psychiatric evaluation by various experts. The purpose of this publication is to analyze the diagnostic assessments leading to the acceptance of incapability or limited capability and their relationship with the parameters of forensic psychiatric examination and expert assessment. The subject of the study are a total of 327 persons, certified in civil cases by experts with subsequent court decisions by the District Court - Varna, for a period of 5 years. To determine the criterion of "incapability" in psychiatric diagnoses, the most common are the following symptoms and syndromes: thinking disorders, hallucinations or delusions of reality, affective disorders with a predominance of diseased emotions, disorders of personality orientation and situations, attention disorders and memory, severe disorders of the self, quantitative and qualitative disorders of consciousness, lack of insight, negative symptoms, paratymia and parabulia.
{"title":"Diagnostic assessments leading to the acceptance of incapacity or limited legal capacity and their relationship with the parameters of forensic psychiatric examination and expert assessment","authors":"Adelina Dzhordanova","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7968","url":null,"abstract":"The terms \"capability\" and \"incapability\" are the most common and most important in forensic psychiatric practice in civil proceedings. Capability is acquired by presumption, and incapability is subject to proof. In the study of incapability there is no single standard that would guarantee the unification of forensic psychiatric practice in the field of capability. The ambiguities in the incapability criteria lead to unsatisfactory reliability in the preparation of forensic psychiatric evaluation by various experts. The purpose of this publication is to analyze the diagnostic assessments leading to the acceptance of incapability or limited capability and their relationship with the parameters of forensic psychiatric examination and expert assessment. The subject of the study are a total of 327 persons, certified in civil cases by experts with subsequent court decisions by the District Court - Varna, for a period of 5 years. To determine the criterion of \"incapability\" in psychiatric diagnoses, the most common are the following symptoms and syndromes: thinking disorders, hallucinations or delusions of reality, affective disorders with a predominance of diseased emotions, disorders of personality orientation and situations, attention disorders and memory, severe disorders of the self, quantitative and qualitative disorders of consciousness, lack of insight, negative symptoms, paratymia and parabulia.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84600521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The responsibilities of the nurse, as part of the multidisciplinary clinical team is leading, and its main functions are: collaboration, consulting, organizing, explaining, controlling. It is a key factor in establishing a positive relationship with the patient and accepting the diagnosis from him and his relatives, which is often a difficult process. In these patients, it is extremely important to create a good motivation to continue treatment in order to avoid withdrawal even before starting the actual treatment. There is often denial, unwillingness to change and difficulty in accepting the diagnosis / in primary patients / both for them and their relatives. Comprehensive patient care is a prerequisite for integrated teamwork, and the nurse has a central responsibility for integrating professional relationships into the multidisciplinary clinical team. Multi-disciplinary care is manifested when, professionals from disciplines whit different but complementary skills.
{"title":"Trends in the use of psychoactive substances - hospitalized in the University Hospital \"St. Marina\" EAD, Varna and the role of the nurse","authors":"Teodora Radeva","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7961","url":null,"abstract":"The responsibilities of the nurse, as part of the multidisciplinary clinical team is leading, and its main functions are: collaboration, consulting, organizing, explaining, controlling. It is a key factor in establishing a positive relationship with the patient and accepting the diagnosis from him and his relatives, which is often a difficult process. In these patients, it is extremely important to create a good motivation to continue treatment in order to avoid withdrawal even before starting the actual treatment. There is often denial, unwillingness to change and difficulty in accepting the diagnosis / in primary patients / both for them and their relatives. Comprehensive patient care is a prerequisite for integrated teamwork, and the nurse has a central responsibility for integrating professional relationships into the multidisciplinary clinical team. Multi-disciplinary care is manifested when, professionals from disciplines whit different but complementary skills.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84144820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Аbortion has been a controversial issue throughout human history and has been determined according to the socio-economic conditions, moral and religious norms of different societies. It has been practiced at all times and by all peoples. The purpose of this examination is to investigate and analyse the literature related to the ethical and legal options for the woman. For the world at large, at the moment the attitude is extremely contradictory - from a total ban to full acceptance. The moderate opinion allows abortion in certain symptoms according to the period of pregnancy, rejecting full liberalisation as unethical. In twenty European states optional abortion is lawful. In the rest seven members (U.K., Finland and Cyprus) is allowed a broad interpretation of the grounds for refusal, (Ireland, Poland and Luxembourg) restrictive interpretation of the grounds for refusal and complete unwillingness or fear of performing abortions, lead to extremely rare (reported) legal abortions if any. In Bulgarian, the attitude towards abortion goes through a ban and upward liberalization. In the 1950s, abortion was banned, except on strict medical grounds. At a later stage, this problem was again discussed, and in the 1990 s the conditions for voluntary abortion were completel liberalised. Conclusion The bottom line is that a dual strategy is needed. In the event of an accident, adequate, accessible, safe and legal abortion services must be provided. On the other hand, every woman should be given the opportunity to prevent unwanted pregnancies by provided information, training, counseling, affordable contraceptive services and the provision of a wide variety of reliable, safe, acceptable methods of contraception.
{"title":"Аn overview of the ethical issues of optional abortion","authors":"Todorka Boeva, R. Laleva","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7967","url":null,"abstract":"Аbortion has been a controversial issue throughout human history and has been determined according to the socio-economic conditions, moral and religious norms of different societies. It has been practiced at all times and by all peoples. The purpose of this examination is to investigate and analyse the literature related to the ethical and legal options for the woman. For the world at large, at the moment the attitude is extremely contradictory - from a total ban to full acceptance. The moderate opinion allows abortion in certain symptoms according to the period of pregnancy, rejecting full liberalisation as unethical. In twenty European states optional abortion is lawful. In the rest seven members (U.K., Finland and Cyprus) is allowed a broad interpretation of the grounds for refusal, (Ireland, Poland and Luxembourg) restrictive interpretation of the grounds for refusal and complete unwillingness or fear of performing abortions, lead to extremely rare (reported) legal abortions if any. In Bulgarian, the attitude towards abortion goes through a ban and upward liberalization. In the 1950s, abortion was banned, except on strict medical grounds. At a later stage, this problem was again discussed, and in the 1990 s the conditions for voluntary abortion were completel liberalised. Conclusion The bottom line is that a dual strategy is needed. In the event of an accident, adequate, accessible, safe and legal abortion services must be provided. On the other hand, every woman should be given the opportunity to prevent unwanted pregnancies by provided information, training, counseling, affordable contraceptive services and the provision of a wide variety of reliable, safe, acceptable methods of contraception.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90855347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common medical condition with a major socio-economic impact. The prevalence among the adult population is estimated at 5–30%. Her pathology is based on venous hypertension of the lower extremities. This leads to swelling, subcutaneous fibrosis, pigmentation, chronic pain and ulceration. Treatment options for CVI include medical, interventional, surgical treatments, as well as exercise. Primary treatment of CVI includes conservative approaches to reduce symptoms and prevent the development of secondary complications and disease progression. Comprehensive Rehabilitation Care (CRC) includes positional treatment, drainage technician, supportive skin care methods, structured exercise program, and physiotherapy - intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC), compression stocking (CS), patient training, and other methods. CVI is a chronic disease that needs lifelong care. The purpose of this report is to summarize the types of rehabilitation care (RG) as part of the conservative treatment approach in patients with CVD based on literature sources.
{"title":"Rehabilitation care for chronic venous insufficiency","authors":"N. Nedev","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7973","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common medical condition with a major socio-economic impact. The prevalence among the adult population is estimated at 5–30%. Her pathology is based on venous hypertension of the lower extremities. This leads to swelling, subcutaneous fibrosis, pigmentation, chronic pain and ulceration. Treatment options for CVI include medical, interventional, surgical treatments, as well as exercise. Primary treatment of CVI includes conservative approaches to reduce symptoms and prevent the development of secondary complications and disease progression. Comprehensive Rehabilitation Care (CRC) includes positional treatment, drainage technician, supportive skin care methods, structured exercise program, and physiotherapy - intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC), compression stocking (CS), patient training, and other methods. CVI is a chronic disease that needs lifelong care. The purpose of this report is to summarize the types of rehabilitation care (RG) as part of the conservative treatment approach in patients with CVD based on literature sources.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78365690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of acquired hematopoietic stem cell disоrders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and a high risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Due to the phenotypic diversity of MDS, survival widely varies. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the impact of some socio-demographic characteristics on the survival of patients with MDS. We analyzed 219 patients with MDS, who were admitted in the Clinic of Hematology, University Hospital "St. Marina”- Varna for a period of 10 years (2010-2020). Survival was assessed by age, sex, FAB and WHO2016 subtype and risk group defined by IPSS, IPSS-R and WPSS. There is a significantly higher survival rate in women and an inversely proportional relationship between survival and age. Patients with RAEB and RAEB-t have the lowest survival as well as patients with high and very high risk. MDS presents with significant differences in survival between subtypes, age and sex. The outcome of the disease varies according to the risk group determined by the established scales for risk stratification, and the most accurate in the prognosis is IPSS-R.
{"title":"Sociodemographic Characteristics Of Survival In Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome","authors":"M. Efraim, I. Micheva","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7970","url":null,"abstract":"Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of acquired hematopoietic stem cell disоrders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and a high risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Due to the phenotypic diversity of MDS, survival widely varies. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the impact of some socio-demographic characteristics on the survival of patients with MDS. We analyzed 219 patients with MDS, who were admitted in the Clinic of Hematology, University Hospital \"St. Marina”- Varna for a period of 10 years (2010-2020). Survival was assessed by age, sex, FAB and WHO2016 subtype and risk group defined by IPSS, IPSS-R and WPSS. There is a significantly higher survival rate in women and an inversely proportional relationship between survival and age. Patients with RAEB and RAEB-t have the lowest survival as well as patients with high and very high risk. MDS presents with significant differences in survival between subtypes, age and sex. The outcome of the disease varies according to the risk group determined by the established scales for risk stratification, and the most accurate in the prognosis is IPSS-R.","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90173131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction : Nowadays, the X-ray laboratory assistant profession has a key role and it covers a large perimeter of the general medical activities. As a result, this leads to increase of the responsibility in professional decision-making; this requires a raising of standards for professional behavior and good knowledge, as well as for observation of the professional conduct rules along with the legal provisions regarding the patients’ rights. Aim: Research of the link between the professional conduct rules and the legal provisions regulating the patients’ rights, and more specifically research of the link between the rules that regulate the right to know and the informed consent related to the X-ray laboratory assistant`s activity. Materials and methods : Literature sources analysis and documentary methods were used. Results and discussion: The analysis results show that the ethical standards in the Professional Conduct for associated medical professionals in the healthcare of the Republic of Bulgaria, including the X-ray laboratory assistants, attain a significance of legal regulations with binding force which is affixed by claiming an administrative criminal liability under the Professional Organizations of Nurses, Midwives and Associated Medical Professionals Act. Summary and conclusions: The knowledge and observation of the professional conduct rules along with the legal provisions that regulate the right to know and the patients` informed consent, guarantee the ethical and legal practice of the X-ray laboratory assistant profession, as well as the high quality of the healthcare. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;} Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE
{"title":"The X-Ray Laboratory Assistant `S Duty To Inform The Patients In Order To Get Informed Consent","authors":"S. Mavrodinova, A. Georgieva","doi":"10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7964","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Nowadays, the X-ray laboratory assistant profession has a key role and it covers a large perimeter of the general medical activities. As a result, this leads to increase of the responsibility in professional decision-making; this requires a raising of standards for professional behavior and good knowledge, as well as for observation of the professional conduct rules along with the legal provisions regarding the patients’ rights. Aim: Research of the link between the professional conduct rules and the legal provisions regulating the patients’ rights, and more specifically research of the link between the rules that regulate the right to know and the informed consent related to the X-ray laboratory assistant`s activity. Materials and methods : Literature sources analysis and documentary methods were used. Results and discussion: The analysis results show that the ethical standards in the Professional Conduct for associated medical professionals in the healthcare of the Republic of Bulgaria, including the X-ray laboratory assistants, attain a significance of legal regulations with binding force which is affixed by claiming an administrative criminal liability under the Professional Organizations of Nurses, Midwives and Associated Medical Professionals Act. Summary and conclusions: The knowledge and observation of the professional conduct rules along with the legal provisions that regulate the right to know and the patients` informed consent, guarantee the ethical and legal practice of the X-ray laboratory assistant profession, as well as the high quality of the healthcare. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ \u0000 table.MsoNormalTable \u0000 {mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\"; \u0000 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \u0000 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \u0000 mso-style-noshow:yes; \u0000 mso-style-priority:99; \u0000 mso-style-parent:\"\"; \u0000 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; \u0000 mso-para-margin:0cm; \u0000 mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; \u0000 mso-pagination:widow-orphan; \u0000 font-size:10.0pt; \u0000 font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;} \u0000 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE","PeriodicalId":23566,"journal":{"name":"Varna Medical Forum","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78064729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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