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Medical and cosmetic center or beauty salon 医疗美容中心或美容院
Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7881
Y. Kalcheva, Nikoleta Karayotova, Denitsa Dimitrova, Desislava Gesheva
Provoked by the controversy over the difference between a beautician and a medical beautician, we decided to conduct a survey using the following methods: literature, magazines, documents and anonymous surveys. The subject of our study are 100 male and female respondents aged 16 to 60 + from different locations in Bulgaria.
由于美容师和医学美容师之间的区别引起了争议,我们决定采用以下方法进行调查:文献、杂志、文献和匿名调查。我们的研究对象是来自保加利亚不同地区的100名年龄在16至60岁以上的男性和女性受访者。
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引用次数: 0
A histological presentation of Ligamentum capitis femoris 股头韧带的组织学表现
Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7884
A. Alexieva, Dimo Krаstev, Zlatka Traikova-Todorova, M. Albert
Aim of the study To present the morphological structures that make up the Ligamentum capitis femoris (also found in the literature as Ligamentum teres) with a focus on the blood vessels which are located alongside it, thus supplying the head of the femur with blood. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the significance of the ligament regarding the destructive changes in the hip joint and to investigate to what extent the pathological changes are related to age, sex and overexertion. The blood supply of the caput femoris from r.acetabularis of a. obturatoria passing through the ligamentum capitis femoris is demonstrated and the connection with the development of various degenerative diseases of the hip joint such as osteoarthritis, aseptic and septic necrosis. This is a pilot study that will include groups of people of different age and gender. Materials and Methods To achieve our goals, we examined the structure of Ligamentum capitis femoris with an optical microscope, after staining the preparations with Hematoxylin Eosin and Azan. We performed a comparative complex analysis of the morphological characteristics and somatotopic features of the Ligamentum capitis femoris in humans. Results Ligamentum capitis femoris is composed of collagen fibers, fibrosis and adipose tissue. This is the only ligament in the human body through which passes a vessel from a.obturatoria - r. acetabularis. It contributes to about 25% of the blood supply to the femoral head. This is an essential connection between the two fragments of the joint - proximal, represented by the acetabulum and distal, represented by the caput femoris. Conclusion Ligamentum capitis femoris has a biological, mechanical and trophic role in the hip joint and should not be considered a rudimentary structure that loses its function with age (4). The principle of minimal ligament damage in all invasive procedures should be followed, as well as the gentle treatment in exercise of strength sports.
本研究的目的介绍构成股头韧带(在文献中也称为圆韧带)的形态结构,重点介绍位于其周围的血管,从而为股骨头供血。本研究的目的是证明韧带对髋关节破坏性改变的意义,并探讨这种病理改变在多大程度上与年龄、性别和过度运动有关。证实了闭锁犬的髋臼骨经股头韧带向股骨头供血,并与髋关节各种退行性疾病(如骨关节炎、无菌性和脓毒性坏死)的发生有关。这是一项试点研究,将包括不同年龄和性别的人群。为了达到我们的目的,我们用苏木精伊红和Azan染色后,在光学显微镜下观察了股头韧带的结构。我们对人类股骨头韧带的形态特征和体位特征进行了比较复杂的分析。结果股头韧带由胶原纤维、纤维化组织和脂肪组织组成。这是人体唯一的韧带,从闭孔肌到髋臼肌的血管通过它。它为股骨头提供了25%的血液供应。这是两个关节碎片之间的重要连接——以髋臼为代表的近端和以股骨头为代表的远端。结论股头韧带在髋关节中具有生物学、力学和营养作用,不应被认为是一个随着年龄增长而丧失功能的初级结构(4)。在所有有创手术中应遵循韧带损伤最小的原则,在力量运动中应轻柔处理。
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引用次数: 0
Contemporary European practices - multidisciplinary models in the training of medical laboratory assistants 当代欧洲实践-医学实验室助理培训中的多学科模式
Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7873
Yordanka Mihaylova, Neli Sarkisqn
The role of the medical laboratory assistant in the multidisciplinary health team, both in our country and in Europe, is to assist other medical specialists in the diagnostic and treatment processes by performing various tests prescribed by a doctor. Modern requirements for the training of medical laboratory technicians, compared to those in other European countries, are a prerequisite for a change in the qualification degree “professional bachelor”. This professional qualification degree creates conditions for difficult mobility of students during the training, as well as impossibility in practicing the profession outside the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. The study found that the similarities in the training of medical laboratory technicians in Bulgaria and in other European countries cover the main disciplines in both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, but differ in the document for acquired professional qualification, which deprives medical laboratory graduates of competitiveness on the European labor market.
在我国和欧洲,医学实验室助理在多学科保健小组中的作用是通过执行医生规定的各种检查,协助其他医学专家进行诊断和治疗过程。与其他欧洲国家相比,现代对医学实验室技术人员培训的要求是改变资格学位“专业学士”的先决条件。该专业资格学位为学生在培训期间难以流动创造了条件,也不可能在保加利亚共和国境外从事该专业。研究发现,保加利亚和其他欧洲国家在医学实验室技术人员培训方面的相似之处涵盖了理论知识和实践技能的主要学科,但在获得专业资格的文件方面有所不同,这使医学实验室毕业生在欧洲劳动力市场上失去了竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
A study of spinal deformities in third and fourth grade students 三、四年级学生脊柱畸形的研究
Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7883
P. Karapetrova, R. Bakova, М. Albert
Spinal deformities are an increasingly common problem in the adolescent population. They are caused by improper posture when walking, sitting, standing or by a pathological agent. We distinguish scoliosis, lordosis, and kyphosis, which can be observed in all three planes. Even spinal deformities can be structural and functional. Spinal deformities are increasing progressively nowadays, and poor posture has become an integral part of the daily lives of children and adults. The project „Healthy and active“ aims to educate children from the 132 SS „Vanya Voynova“ on correct motor habits. The children were examined and diagnosed for deviations from the correct posture and distortions in the area of the spine. After the study, a kinesitherapeutic complex was developed to combine corrective gymnastics with games. In this way, all of the children‘s attention is engaged during the lessons. The project is finalized with an anonymous survey of children. The obtained results show that 91.3% of the respondents give a positive assessment of and feedback on the event.
脊柱畸形是青少年中越来越常见的问题。它们是由走路、坐着、站立时姿势不当或病理因素引起的。我们区分脊柱侧凸,前凸和后凸,这可以在所有三个平面上观察到。甚至脊柱畸形也可能是结构性和功能性的。如今,脊柱畸形逐渐增多,不良姿势已成为儿童和成人日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。“健康和活跃”项目旨在教育来自132 SS“Vanya Voynova”的儿童正确的运动习惯。检查和诊断儿童偏离正确的姿势和脊柱区域的扭曲。研究结束后,开发了一种运动治疗综合体,将矫正体操与游戏结合起来。通过这种方式,孩子们的所有注意力都集中在课堂上。该项目最终通过对儿童进行匿名调查。调查结果显示,91.3%的受访者对此次活动给予了积极的评价和反馈。
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引用次数: 0
REEK as a material for making fixed partial dentures with CAD/CAM systems REEK作为CAD/CAM系统制造固定局部义齿的材料
Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7918
M. Simov
Polyetheretherket (PEEK) is a synthetic, tooth-colored polymeric material that has been used as a biomaterial in orthopedics for many years. PEEK is a partially crystallized, thermoplastic material, resistant to high temperature, with a melting point of 400 ° C and is suitable for pressing various dental prostheses. The purpose of this report is to present the possibilities of PEEK as a material for making fixed partial dentures with CAD/CAM systems. Material and methods: Examples are presented for the production of various structures from PEEK with the help of CAD / CAM systems or according to the methodology Press2, on which a composite inlay is made. Results: The chip resistance of CAD / CAM fabricated PEEK fixed prostheses is much higher than that of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, alumina and zirconium. Due to its mechanical and physical properties, which are similar to those of bone and dentin, PEEK can be used for a number of applications in dentistry. Conclusion: PEEK is an attractive material that can be used in the manufacture of fixed and removable dentures using CAD/CAM systems, due to its excellent mechanical properties compared to materials such as acrylic plastics. Further studies and clinical trials are needed to investigate the application of this material and possible modifications for further applications in dentistry.
聚醚醚酯(PEEK)是一种合成的、牙齿颜色的聚合材料,多年来一直被用作矫形外科的生物材料。PEEK是一种部分结晶的热塑性材料,耐高温,熔点400℃,适用于压制各种牙体。本报告的目的是介绍PEEK作为CAD/CAM系统制造固定局部义齿的材料的可能性。材料和方法:介绍了在CAD / CAM系统的帮助下或根据Press2方法从PEEK生产各种结构的例子,在此基础上制作复合嵌体。结果:CAD / CAM制备的PEEK固定假体的抗切屑性明显高于二硅酸锂玻璃陶瓷、氧化铝和锆。由于PEEK具有类似于骨和牙本质的机械和物理特性,因此PEEK可用于牙科领域的许多应用。结论:PEEK与丙烯酸塑料等材料相比具有优异的机械性能,是一种有吸引力的材料,可用于CAD/CAM系统制造固定和活动义齿。需要进一步的研究和临床试验来调查这种材料的应用和可能的修改,以进一步应用于牙科。
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引用次数: 0
Electronic Recipe - Awareness And Attitudes Of The Bulgarian Population 电子配方-保加利亚人的意识和态度
Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7929
Mediha Mehmed-Hamzа, Yordanka Mihaylova, E. Georgieva, Nenko Tsvetkov
E-health in Bulgaria in recent years is one of the most current topics in health care. An important element of e-health is the introduction of e-prescription. The process has been developed since 2011 with the launch of the "Electronic Prescription" project of the National Health Insurance Fund. The need for the effective introduction and use of the electronic prescription has been unequivocally confirmed with the spread of COVID-19. The purpose of the publication is to study the awareness and attitudes of people in Bulgaria about the use of electronic prescriptions. A survey was conducted among the population in different age groups. The results obtained can be useful in conducting an awareness campaign on the use of e-prescription and assessment of the expectations of users of the service.
近年来,保加利亚的电子保健是卫生保健领域最热门的话题之一。电子保健的一个重要组成部分是引入电子处方。2011年以来,随着国家健康保险基金"电子处方"项目的启动,这一进程得到了发展。随着COVID-19的传播,有效引入和使用电子处方的必要性得到了明确的证实。该出版物的目的是研究保加利亚人民对使用电子处方的认识和态度。在不同年龄组的人口中进行了一项调查。所获得的结果可用于开展关于使用电子处方的宣传活动和评估服务用户的期望。
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引用次数: 0
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Medico-Social Dimensions, Nursing Approaches In Prevention And Diagnosis 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,医学-社会维度,预防和诊断的护理方法
Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7949
Stoyanka Yancheva, Mariana Dimitrova, Verzhiniya Tsvetkova
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is the most common respiratory disorder during sleep. Respiratory disorders during sleep are a serious medical and social problem, as they are characterized by a high degree of morbidity, comorbidity and require solid financial resources. Objective: To analyze the medical and social problems in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and to derive nursing approaches related to prevention and early diagnosis. Material and methods: The object of the present study is to study medical and social problems and their impact on quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Literary sources concerning the problem have been studied. The analysis of the documents was made in January-March 2021. Results and Discussion: Sleep-disordered breathing impairs the quality of life and increases the risk of developing serious and dangerous health problems in millions of people around the world. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious, potentially damaging and life-threatening condition and as such requires the organized efforts of health professionals related to recognizing the problem, awareness of the lasting negative consequences for health, social, medical and financial losses for the individual, society and global health. The importance of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up are key in the daily lives of healthcare professionals. Good cooperation between the patient, his relatives and members of the multidisciplinary team are crucial in the success of treatment. Sleep medicine is an area that provides ample opportunities for professional performance, new competencies and responsibilities to healthcare professionals.
梗阻性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征是最常见的睡眠呼吸系统疾病。睡眠期间的呼吸障碍是一个严重的医疗和社会问题,因为它们的特点是发病率和合并症很高,需要雄厚的财政资源。目的:分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者存在的医疗和社会问题,探讨预防和早期诊断的护理方法。材料和方法:本研究的目的是研究医学和社会问题及其对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者生活质量的影响。研究了有关这个问题的文献资料。对这些文件的分析是在2021年1月至3月进行的。结果和讨论:睡眠呼吸紊乱损害了生活质量,并增加了全世界数百万人出现严重和危险健康问题的风险。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是一种严重的、具有潜在破坏性和危及生命的疾病,因此需要卫生专业人员有组织地努力认识到这一问题,认识到它对健康、对个人、社会和全球健康造成的社会、医疗和经济损失的持久负面影响。预防、诊断、治疗和随访的重要性是医护人员日常生活的关键。患者、家属和多学科团队成员之间的良好合作是治疗成功的关键。睡眠医学是一个为医疗保健专业人员提供专业表现,新能力和责任的充足机会的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Opinion of students under dental technology programme, Medical university of varna On including in the curriculum a new course of training - Introduction to scientific research 瓦尔纳医科大学牙科技术专业学生对在课程中增加一门新的培训课程——科学研究导论的意见
Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7921
M. Varneva
Modern university education involves both learning and research, and the research process itself needs to be accomplished with the participation of students. Our aim was to investigate the opinion of the students under Dental Technology Programme on including in the curriculum a new course of training – Introduction to Scientific Research. To achieve the goal, we used the following methods: study of literary sources and documents, anonymous survey conducted from the academic year of 2012/2013 to 2017/2018. The target group were 35,60% of the students who studied Dental Technology during the above years. A large part of the respondents support the new training course - Introduction to Scientific Research. After a discussion in the training sectors and a vote of the College Board, it was included into the curricula of five training programmes of Medical College at Medical University - Varna.
现代大学教育包括学习和研究,研究过程本身需要在学生的参与下完成。我们的目的是调查牙科技术专业的学生对在课程中加入一门新的培训课程-科学研究概论的意见。为了实现这一目标,我们采用了以下方法:文献资料研究,2012/2013学年至2017/2018学年的匿名调查。目标群体为35.6%的学生在以上年份学习牙科技术。大部分受访者支持新的培训课程——科学研究概论。经过培训部门的讨论和学院委员会的表决,该课程被列入瓦尔纳医科大学医学院五个培训方案的课程。
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引用次数: 0
60 Years “Assistant – Pharmacist” In Varna 在瓦尔纳当了60年助理药剂师
Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.14748/VMF.V10I2.7923
Desislava Aleksandrova, V. Stoyanova, Silvia Mihaylova, A. Tsvetkova, Iren Lazarova
A brief historical overview of the development of the pharmacy work, the profession “Assistant pharmacist” and the pharmaceutical organizations in Bulgaria on the occasion of the 60 th anniversary of the profession in Varna. Before the Liberation of Bulgaria, persons with insufficient pharmaceutical training performed the medical care of the population. After the Liberation, the “Temporary rules for the organization of pharmacies in Bulgaria” were created. According to the rules, the managers of the pharmacies were required to be master pharmacists, but until 1895 only 18 people have a legal degree in pharmacy. On August 11, 1883, a “Regulation for the admission of pharmacy students and assistants in pharmacies” has been established, which marks the beginning of the training of pharmacy assistants, whose training takes place in pharmacies.
在瓦尔纳职业60周年之际,简要介绍了保加利亚的药学工作、“助理药剂师”职业和药学组织的发展历史。在保加利亚解放前,没有受过足够药学培训的人负责为人民提供医疗服务。解放后,制定了“保加利亚药房组织临时规则”。根据规定,药店的管理人员必须是药学硕士,但直到1895年,只有18人拥有药学的合法学位。1883年8月11日,《药学专业学生和药房助理录取条例》的制定,标志着药房助理培训的开始,药房助理的培训在药房进行。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of training in dental technology at the Medical College - Varna in a pandemic 大流行时期瓦尔纳医学院牙科技术培训评估
Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.14748/vmf.v10i2.7920
M. Milev, Sv. Peneva
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Varna Medical Forum
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