Veterinary clinical pathology最新文献

Background: Monitoring the metabolic changes during the periparturient period is crucial.

Objective: We aimed to establish reference intervals (RIs) of several serum and plasma biochemical variables in multiparous periparturient Holstein dairy cows.

Methods: A total of 238 multiparous dry cows from six commercial dairy farms were enrolled. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time points (21 and 7 days before the expected calving date, 7, 21, and 28 days after calving, ±2 days on all occasions). Samples from 113 cows that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed for plasma and serum biochemical analytes.

Results: The lower and upper reference limits were 40.9-49.3 and 102.8-128.5 U/L, respectively, for aspartate aminotransferase; 9.1-14.0 and 33.8-47.8 U/L for γ-glutamyl transferase; 0.07-0.13 and 0.20-0.43 mmol/L for triglycerides; 1.11-1.25 and 3.04-3.52 mmol/L for cholesterol; 0.0 and 3.42-7.78 μmol/L for total bilirubin; 141.0-285.0 and 778.6-1279.3 μmol/L for β-hydroxybutyrate, 0.07-0.22 and 0.42-1.24 mmol/L for non-esterified fatty acids; 50.8-59.7 and 77.4-103.5 g/L for total protein; 23.6-29.2 and 39.4-48.5 g/L for albumin; 19.4-28.3 and 42.0-58.3 g/L for globulin; 0.59-0.70 and 1.30-1.61 for albumin/globulin ratio; 1.3-3.2 and 7.6-9.7 mmol/L for blood urea nitrogen; 42.4-62.8 and 83.1-124.7 μmol/L for creatinine; 1.8-3.2 and 9.8-25.1 μmol/L for 3-methylhistidine; and 1.9-2.7 and 10.5-14.8 μmol/L for 1-methylhistidine.

Conclusions: The established RIs provide valuable benchmarks with important clinical and research applications in dairy cattle medicine.

Background: Diarrhea is classified as acute, prolonged, or chronic; acute diarrhea (AD) commonly prompts veterinary visits. Identifying causative agents and inflammation severity in the lab is crucial for treatment and prognosis.

Objectives: To assess changes in C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and C-reactive protein/Albumin ratio (CAR) in dogs with AD from various etiologies and to assess whether they can be used to discriminate between different etiologies.

Methods: Of 92 dogs with AD, 55 were included based on anamnesis, physical, and laboratory analyses. Dogs were classified into Isospora (n = 12), Parvovirus (n = 15), and Toxocara (n = 14) groups based on microscopic fecal examination and rapid diagnostic tests. The Nutritional group (n = 14) included dogs negative for infectious and parasitic agents but with mild leukocytosis and recent dietary changes. The Control group comprised 10 clinically healthy dogs.

Results: Albumin levels were significantly lower in the Isospora, Parvovirus, and Toxocara groups than in the Control and Nutritional groups (p < 0.0001). CRP and CAR levels were highest in the Parvovirus group, with CAR differing significantly from the Control, Isospora, and Nutritional groups (p < 0.0001), but not from Toxocara.

Conclusions: The study shows infections, particularly Parvovirus, reduce albumin and elevate inflammatory markers (CRP, CAR), indicating severe disease, while the Nutritional group mirrors the healthy Control group with lower inflammation. These findings suggest that monitoring these parameters may offer valuable insights into inflammation severity and inform future studies aimed at evaluating their prognostic utility, thereby supporting clinical decision-making in practice.

Background: The ProCyte One is a veterinary hematology analyzer. It uses laser flow cytometry with four optical detectors to categorize RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.

Objective: We aimed to compare results from the ProCyte One with the ProCyte Dx and ADVIA 120, as well as the results of manual PCVs and WBC differential counts, to determine their performance for automated CBCs in dogs and cats.

Materials and methods: ProCyte One inter-assay and intra-assay precision were assessed using control material and patient samples. For analyzer comparison, patient samples were run on all three analyzers within 2 h of each other. Passing-Bablok regression and visual inspection of Bland-Altman plots were used to determine analyzer congruence, and Spearman's rank correlation was performed.

Results: Precision was generally excellent, with CV < 4% for most measurands except for reticulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. A total of 140 canine and 96 feline samples were included for the comparison study. Correlations were ≥ 0.93 for all comparisons except mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), reticulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Statistically significant bias was suggested by Passing-Bablok regression for many measurands, but most were minor except for MCV compared to ADVIA 120, monocytes compared to all methods, and RBC/hematocrit in anemic dogs.

Conclusions: The ProCyte One demonstrates acceptable agreement with ProCyte Dx and ADVIA 120. However, because of the potential for significant differences between methods, operators should exercise caution when comparing patient results between different analyzers.

Background: In humans, deficiency of a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motifs, number 13 (ADAMTS13), a von Willebrand factor (vWF) cleaving protease, is an underlying mechanism for thrombosis. The role of ADAMTS13 in canine thromboembolic disease is largely unknown.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate plasma ADAMTS13 activity in healthy adult dogs using a commercially available human ADAMTS13 activity ELISA kit and to establish its reference interval (RI).

Methods: Forty healthy adult dogs were prospectively enrolled. Normal health status was confirmed using physical examination findings, history, and the results of hemogram, biochemical profile, screen test for vector-borne diseases, and urinalysis. Plasma ADAMTS13 activity was assessed using the Diapharma RUO Technozym ADAMTS13 Activity ELISA. The assay's precision, accuracy, and detection limits were also evaluated.

Results: The canine reference population was comprised of 21 spayed females, 14 castrated males, 3 intact females, and 2 intact males. The median plasma ADAMTS13 activity in healthy dogs was 0.76 IU/mL (range 0.45-1.04). The RI lower limit was 0.45 IU/mL (90% confidence interval 0.45-0.47). The upper limit, although calculated (1.04 IU/mL, 90% CI 1.04-1.04), likely does not reflect the true RI upper limit but a technical limitation of the assay; therefore, rendering an RI of > 0.45 IU/mL. The intra- and inter-assay precision and accuracy range were 9.6%, 11.5%, -8.8% to 3.4%, respectively.

Conclusions: The commercially available human ADAMTS13 activity ELISA kit was suitable to analyze canine samples, and the RI for adult dogs was established.

To the authors' knowledge, this is the first canine oligodendroglioma case series to document the high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings along with Wright-Giemsa stained intraoperative cytology findings, coupled with H&E and immunohistochemistry, and interpreted under the 2018 Comparative Brain Tumor Consortium (CBTC) criteria. All dogs in this case series presented with a history of chronic seizures. MRI findings for all cranial masses were T1 hypointense to isointense (Case 3) and T2 hyperintense. Cytologic characteristics of all cases included neoplastic cells haphazardly arranged in aggregates, embedded in an extracellular pink fibrillar to mucoid appearing matrix, and often associated with capillaries. Histologically, Case 1 (high-grade) and 3 (low-grade) had an oligodendroglioma morphology, while Case 2 had an undefined morphology. All cases were strongly immunoreactive to Olig2. Cases 1 and 2 were strongly immunoreactive to CNPase and had robust immunoreactivity to GFAP. This case series highlights that Wright-Giemsa intra-operative squash preparations stain can support a presumptive diagnosis of oligodendroglioma.