Veterinary clinical pathology最新文献

{"title":"Discrepancies of bovine haptoglobin concentrations between serum and plasma using two different anticoagulants and a colorimetric assay based on peroxidase activity","authors":"R. Schmitt,&nbsp;R. Staufenbiel","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13386","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13386","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Haptoglobin (Hp) is an emerging diagnostic marker in cattle, and knowledge of suitable sample types and measurement methods is important.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims of this study were to compare the results of a colorimetric assay (CA) and an ELISA for bovine Hp using serum, EDTA plasma, and lithium-heparinized (LH) plasma, respectively, and to assess the diagnostic potential for puerperal metritis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In experiment 1, Hp was measured in pooled aliquots of serum (<i>n</i> = 10), EDTA plasma (<i>n</i> = 10), and LH plasma (<i>n</i> = 10) of 100 healthy fresh lactating dairy cows from 10 farms using both the CA and the ELISA. In experiment 2, five healthy and five cows with acute puerperal metritis were sampled, and Hp was determined using both assays for all three sample types. In experiment 3, aliquots of serum and LH plasma from cows in different lactation stages were transferred into plain, EDTA-coated, and LH-coated tubes and mixed before colorimetric analyses. Distilled water was also placed into each tube type and treated similarly.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma samples measured with the CA showed on average 2.3 (EDTA) and 2.5 (LH) times higher Hp concentrations compared with serum, whereas no differences were seen with the ELISA results between sample types. Based on a clinical cut-off value, both methods differentiated sick from healthy cows. Haptoglobin measurements with the ELISA were less precise compared with CA measurements due to high dilutions. No influence of the anticoagulants on the CA was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to measurement discrepancies between serum and plasma, CAs for bovine Hp based on peroxidase activity should be performed with serum, or specific reference ranges for plasma samples should be established. In this study, CA results obtained with LH plasma were more precise than results obtained with EDTA plasma. Both the CA and the ELISA are suitable diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of puerperal metritis, but CA measurements were more precise in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"409-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New strategies to classify canine pleural effusions and the diagnostic value of acute phase proteins, amylase, and adenosine deaminase in pleural exudates","authors":"A. Zoia,&nbsp;L. Morini,&nbsp;A. Mazzei,&nbsp;J. Talavera Lopez,&nbsp;L. Pardo-Marín,&nbsp;J. J. Cerón,&nbsp;F. Tecles","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13395","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13395","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In dogs, simplified Light's criteria can discriminate transudates from exudates. Other tests used in human medicine are pleural effusion cholesterol (CHOL_PE) and butyrylcholinesterase [BChE_PE], the pleural effusion/serum ratio of these analytes (CHOL_ratio and BChE_ratio), and the serum albumin minus pleural effusion albumin gradient (SEAG).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracies of different biomarkers in dogs with pleural effusion in differentiating exudates from transudates. Secondarily, we evaluated the potential diagnostic utility of pleural effusion acute phase proteins, amylase, and adenosine deaminase in discriminating causes of exudative effusions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional study including 68 client-owned dogs with pleural effusion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 48 exudates (10 septic, 16 neoplastic, 9 hemorrhagic, and 13 classified as other exudates) and 20 transudates. All the variables analyzed, except SEAG, were significantly different between exudates and transudates. Using the cut-off values adopted in human literature, accuracies for CHOL_PE, CHOL_ratio, BChE_PE, and BChE_ratio were between 82.35% and 85.29%; all values were significantly lower compared with the previously published simplified Light's criteria accuracy (i.e., 98%, <i>p</i> &lt; .001 for all comparisons). We found the accuracy of the simplified Light's criteria to be similar to what has been previously reported (95.59%, <i>p</i> = .238). Paraoxonase–1 (PON–1_PE) activity and the pleural effusion/serum paraoxonase-1 ratio (PON–1_ratio) were significantly lower in exudative neoplastic effusions than in exudative hemorrhagic (<i>p</i> = .004 and <i>p</i> = .001) and septic (<i>p</i> = .004 and <i>p</i> &lt; .001) effusions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Simplified Light's criteria were the best method for discriminating transudates from exudates, and a low PON–1_PE activity and PON–1_ratio in exudative effusions may suggest an underlying neoplasia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"431-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum total antioxidant status in dogs: Reference intervals and influence of multiple biological and analytical factors","authors":"B. Perez-Montero,&nbsp;M. L. Fermin-Rodriguez,&nbsp;M. Portero-Fuentes,&nbsp;J. Sarquis,&nbsp;S. Caceres,&nbsp;J. C. Illera del Portal,&nbsp;L. de Juan,&nbsp;G. Miro,&nbsp;F. Cruz-Lopez","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13381","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13381","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Total antioxidant status (TAS) is one of the most widely used oxidative stress biomarkers, but the lack of canine RI and the influence of analytical factors hinder its application in clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aims of this study were to establish canine assay-specific RI for TAS and evaluate the sources of biological variation and the association between TAS and multiple hematologic and biochemical variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood samples from 190 clinically healthy dogs were collected, encompassing pet dogs (82), police dogs (56), and shelter dogs (52). After hematologic and biochemical analysis, serum TAS was determined by means of a commercial 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) test. The American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines were followed to establish the RI, employing nonparametric methods. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were conducted to assess the influence of biological and analytical variables, yielding a final regression model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The final reference population comprised 143 dogs, for which the RI was established (1.41–2.27 mmol/L). Partitioning was applied to the three study groups. The regression model revealed that police dogs had significantly higher TAS values than pet dogs. Furthermore, significant associations between four biochemical variables (albumin, globulins, cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase) and serum TAS were found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first study to establish RI for serum TAS in a large and heterogeneous canine population and provide data on its relationship with analytical variables. These findings could potentially improve the interpretation of TAS in clinical environments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"399-408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicentric aggressive unclassified hematopoietic neoplasm involving the placenta in a pregnant bitch","authors":"Laura Marconato,&nbsp;Silvia Sabattini,&nbsp;Daniele Zambelli,&nbsp;Maria Giulia Ferrari,&nbsp;Luca Aresu,&nbsp;Andrea Renzi,&nbsp;Anna Ferrari,&nbsp;Marco Cunto,&nbsp;Ilaria Maga,&nbsp;Giulia Ballotta","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13394","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13394","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hematopoietic neoplasms are common in dogs; however, their association with pregnancy has not been previously reported in veterinary medicine. This rare occurrence presents a variety of diagnostic, therapeutic, prognostic, and ethical challenges. We report a case of a 3-year-old pregnant Bernese Mountain Dog diagnosed with multicentric aggressive unclassified hematopoietic cancer associated with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia during pregnancy. The dog died 7 days after diagnosis, and at Day 36 of pregnancy before any treatment decision could be made. Post-mortem evaluation, including histology, immunohistochemistry, and clonality analysis, led to the diagnosis of an unclassified hematopoietic cancer affecting the uterus and placenta, with no evidence of fetal involvement. The placenta likely acted as a barrier, preventing neoplastic involvement of the fetuses. Alternatively, the pregnancy might have been too early for the hematopoietic neoplasm to affect the labyrinth zone of the placenta and the fetuses. The dramatic disease progression could be explained by compromised cell-mediated immunity during pregnancy. This immunodeficient state is induced by embryonic, maternal, and hormonal factors, which suppress the response to mitogens to prevent rejection of the placenta and the conceptuses. Thus, pregnant dogs might exhibit increased vulnerability to cancer and infectious diseases that rely on cell-mediated immunity for host defense.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"442-447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142393689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in genetic analysis: Insights from a case study and review of next-generation sequencing techniques for veterinary oncology applications.","authors":"R Adam Harris, Jillian Nolan, Dylan Ammons, Samantha Beeson, Douglas Thamm, Anne Avery","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) poses significant challenges in veterinary medicine, with limited treatment options and poor survival rates. While substantial progress has been made in characterizing human AML, translating these advancements to veterinary practice has been hindered by limited molecular understanding and diagnostic tools. The case study presented illustrates the application of whole genome sequencing in diagnosing AML in a dog, showcasing its potential in veterinary oncology. Our approach facilitated comprehensive genomic analysis, identifying mutations in genes that may be associated with AML pathogenesis in dogs, such as KRAS, IKZF1, and RUNX1. However, without supportive evidence of its clinical utility (eg, association with response to treatment or prognosis), the information is limited to exploration. This article reviews the comparative features of canine AML with human AML and discusses strategies to shrink the knowledge gap between human and veterinary medicine with cost-effective next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. By utilizing these approaches, the unique and shared molecular features with human AML can be identified, aiding in molecular classification and therapeutic development for both species. Despite the promise of NGS, challenges exist in implementing it into routine veterinary diagnostics. Cost considerations, turnaround times, and the need for robust bioinformatics pipelines and quality control measures must be addressed. Most importantly, analytical and clinical validation processes are essential to ensure the reliability and clinical utility of NGS-based assays. Overall, integrating NGS technologies into veterinary oncology holds great potential for advancing our understanding of AML and improving disease stratification, in hopes of improving clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Impression smears of an intracranial mass from a dog.","authors":"Michael A Talavera, Kayla J Alexander, Andy Shores, Marjorie J Williams, Matthew L Williams","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Fine-needle aspirate from a neck lesion in a dog.","authors":"Cynthia Robveille, Marie Cuvelier","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is your diagnosis? Cerebrospinal fluid from an Angus cow.","authors":"Megan G Palmisano, Koranda Walsh, Susan Bender, Elizabeth Nelson, Rose Nolen-Walston","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine and feline liver cytology ( 1st ed.) by Carlo Masserdotti (Ed.), Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. 2023. pp. 288. ISBN: 978-1-119-89555-8—US$149.99 (Hardcover)","authors":"Francisco O. Conrado","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 3","pages":"374-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142316696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death and taxes: Lactate and the Laffer curve","authors":"Rose D. Nolen-Walston,&nbsp;Michael J. Mandel","doi":"10.1111/vcp.13387","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vcp.13387","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In 1980, Ronald Reagan was elected as a president on a simple platform: the need for tax cuts to revive the economy, which was struggling at the time. His theory, and the theory of the supply-side economists who supported him, was simple. Business owners are more likely to hire new workers and invest in new equipment if their after-tax income goes up. The supply-siders of the day believed that if federal tax rates were cut, especially at the top end, business owners would expand, boosting both employment and investment, increasing growth, and potentially even reducing inflation, which was a big problem at the time. Thus, the benefits of the tax cut would “trickle down” to all Americans. One of the main proponents of this theory was an economist called Arthur Laffer, who, in 1974, had been enjoying a late-night supper with a few Republican policy wonks (including Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld, as it happened). The topic of conversation was tax rate and government income and whether President Ford's tax hikes would spur increases in federal revenue. Not necessarily, suggested Laffer, who reportedly whipped out a pen and made the following sketch on his napkin (Figure 1).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the x-axis, we see tax rates ranging from 0% to 100%, and on the y-axis, there is government revenue. It is clear that a tax rate of 0% results in zero income, and the coffers are dry. Conversely, though, Laffer pointed out that a tax rate of 100% would result in the same thing. If the government takes every cent of your salary, you are clearly not going to work at all. So, what if, suggests Laffer's curve, we are here, point A in Figure 2, on the tax curve?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this case, high tax rates are actually suppressing taxpayer's capitalist urges. A reduction in the tax rate to point B will paradoxically result in an increase in revenue, not a decrease, as shown here in Figure 3.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This was an odd thought. Could a drop in the tax rate really increase the amount of money the government collected? We avoid political commentary and allow readers their own interpretation of history as to the results of this experiment.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; However, this concept has an interesting application in the consideration of physiology.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Take lactate, for example. L-lactate is produced by the mammalian cell as a product of anaerobic metabolism,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and is often used clinically as a measure of tissue perfusion. Blood lactate concentration not only assesses both the rate of production as well as clearance,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; but also, in the very end, it is limited by the capacity of the heart and peripheral vasculature to mobilize the tissue-produced lactate and carry venous blood back to the sampling point. As such, lactate acts as the scorecard of the body; though blood lactate levels cannot tell you what is wrong or how to fix it, it provides useful information to clinicians as to whether they are winning","PeriodicalId":23593,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary clinical pathology","volume":"53 3","pages":"291-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vcp.13387","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}