Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.222
Samia Farghaly, N. Mahdy
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression are major global public health problems. Depression negatively affects the course of DM through hormonal, neuronal, or immune system changes that directly affect the body's ability to produce or use insulin. The coexistence of depression with DM also results in poor glycemic control by causing poor self-care behaviors such as lack of physical activity. The coexistence of depression with DM also results in poor glycemic control. The study aimed to assessing depression and Its associated Factors among diabetes mellitus patients attending the primary health care centers in United Arab Emirates. This study was conducted on 463 diabetic patients attended the primary health care centers during 8th may to 26th may, 2021. Nine primary health care centers were selected according to the accessibility. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was selected of the actual 9 criteria upon which the diagnosis of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) depressive disorders is based. Our study showed that there was non-significant difference in depression Levels between non-smokers and smokers, there was non-significant difference in depression Levels and education levels, there was significant difference in depression Levels and marital status, non-significant difference in depression Levels and nationality, non-significant difference in depression Levels and type of diabetes. Conclusion based on this study the prevalence of depression among female diabetes mellitus was high. From this study we concluded that depression levels: non-depressed, mild depression, moderate depression, moderately and severe depression are high in married participants comparing with single, divorced and widow participants
{"title":"Depression and Its Associated Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending the primary health care centers in United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Samia Farghaly, N. Mahdy","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.222","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression are major global public health problems. Depression negatively affects the course of DM through hormonal, neuronal, or immune system changes that directly affect the body's ability to produce or use insulin. The coexistence of depression with DM also results in poor glycemic control by causing poor self-care behaviors such as lack of physical activity. The coexistence of depression with DM also results in poor glycemic control. The study aimed to assessing depression and Its associated Factors among diabetes mellitus patients attending the primary health care centers in United Arab Emirates. This study was conducted on 463 diabetic patients attended the primary health care centers during 8th may to 26th may, 2021. Nine primary health care centers were selected according to the accessibility. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was selected of the actual 9 criteria upon which the diagnosis of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) depressive disorders is based. Our study showed that there was non-significant difference in depression Levels between non-smokers and smokers, there was non-significant difference in depression Levels and education levels, there was significant difference in depression Levels and marital status, non-significant difference in depression Levels and nationality, non-significant difference in depression Levels and type of diabetes. Conclusion based on this study the prevalence of depression among female diabetes mellitus was high. From this study we concluded that depression levels: non-depressed, mild depression, moderate depression, moderately and severe depression are high in married participants comparing with single, divorced and widow participants","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78382033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.219
Riki Safrizal, H. R, M. B. Kurniawan, Budiana Rismawan, R. W. Sudjud, Doddy Tavianto
Introduction: aortic dissections that involve the ascending aorta (Stanford type A) are considered surgical emergencies. The mortality rate without emergency surgery is about 1% per hour for the first 48 hour, 60% by about one week, 74% by 2 weeks and 91% by 6 month. Open chest surgery with resection of dissected aorta may reduce the expected fatal outcomes to 10% as soon as the treatment provided in the first 24 hour and 20% for next 14 day. Case: A case of 42 years old man, 72 kg weight complained of sharp, tearing, pain from upper abdomen to chest and back of body since a month before admission. The pain endured for 20 minutes, patient had history of hypertension a year ago. Suspected with aortic dissection patient transferred to CVCU got therapy of antihypertension and β-blocker. Laboratory examination showed kidney disorder with enhancement of Ureum and creatinine levels. CT contras showed aortic dissection Stanford A Debakey Type I and patient scheduled for Bentall Procedure with complication Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Perioperative anaesthesia management from preoperative with β-blocker and ramipril, induction with high dose analgetic, smooth intubation prevent increase in systolic blood pressure and heart rate, also maintain oxygen delivery to brain when DHCA started use SACP monitored with NIRS. after operation patient treated in ICU with ventilator and full sedated. Second day in ICU patient developed high creatinine levels and low urine output per hour. Renal replacement therapy is given and patient transfer to CVCU on the fifth day. Conclusion: it is still challenging to treatment of aortic dissection, started from diagnosis, preoperative management and overcoming the complication. Therefore, careful history taking, early treatment to prevented expansion of dissected aorta, CT angiography for diagnosed, intraoperative management and haemodialysis therapy should be considered to increase patient outcome.
简介:累及升主动脉的主动脉夹层(Stanford A型)被认为是外科急诊。未经紧急手术的死亡率在前48小时每小时约为1%，一周左右死亡率为60%，两周死亡率为74%，6个月死亡率为91%。开腹手术切除夹层主动脉可以将预期的死亡率降低到10%，在第一个24小时内提供治疗，在接下来的14天内减少20%。病例:1例42岁男性，体重72公斤，自诉入院前1个月自上腹部至胸部及背部疼痛，有尖锐撕裂感。疼痛持续20分钟，患者一年前有高血压病史。疑似主动脉夹层患者转至CVCU，给予降压药和β受体阻滞剂治疗。实验室检查显示肾脏病伴尿毒症及肌酐增高。CT对比显示Stanford A Debakey I型主动脉夹层，患者合并急性肾损伤(AKI)，计划行本特尔手术。围术期麻醉管理:术前应用β受体阻滞剂和雷米普利，大剂量镇痛诱导，顺利插管，防止收缩压和心率升高，维持DHCA开始使用近红外监测SACP时脑供氧。术后患者在ICU使用呼吸机并给予充分镇静治疗。患者在ICU的第二天出现高肌酐水平和低每小时尿量。给予肾脏替代治疗，患者于第五天转入CVCU。结论:主动脉夹层的治疗，从诊断、术前处理、克服并发症入手，仍具有一定的挑战性。因此，应考虑仔细的病史记录、早期治疗以防止夹层主动脉扩张、CT血管造影诊断、术中处理和血液透析治疗，以提高患者的预后。
{"title":"Perioperative Anaesthesia Management for Aorta Dissection Patient Undergo Bentall Procedure","authors":"Riki Safrizal, H. R, M. B. Kurniawan, Budiana Rismawan, R. W. Sudjud, Doddy Tavianto","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.219","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: aortic dissections that involve the ascending aorta (Stanford type A) are considered surgical emergencies. The mortality rate without emergency surgery is about 1% per hour for the first 48 hour, 60% by about one week, 74% by 2 weeks and 91% by 6 month. Open chest surgery with resection of dissected aorta may reduce the expected fatal outcomes to 10% as soon as the treatment provided in the first 24 hour and 20% for next 14 day. Case: A case of 42 years old man, 72 kg weight complained of sharp, tearing, pain from upper abdomen to chest and back of body since a month before admission. The pain endured for 20 minutes, patient had history of hypertension a year ago. Suspected with aortic dissection patient transferred to CVCU got therapy of antihypertension and β-blocker. Laboratory examination showed kidney disorder with enhancement of Ureum and creatinine levels. CT contras showed aortic dissection Stanford A Debakey Type I and patient scheduled for Bentall Procedure with complication Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Perioperative anaesthesia management from preoperative with β-blocker and ramipril, induction with high dose analgetic, smooth intubation prevent increase in systolic blood pressure and heart rate, also maintain oxygen delivery to brain when DHCA started use SACP monitored with NIRS. after operation patient treated in ICU with ventilator and full sedated. Second day in ICU patient developed high creatinine levels and low urine output per hour. Renal replacement therapy is given and patient transfer to CVCU on the fifth day. Conclusion: it is still challenging to treatment of aortic dissection, started from diagnosis, preoperative management and overcoming the complication. Therefore, careful history taking, early treatment to prevented expansion of dissected aorta, CT angiography for diagnosed, intraoperative management and haemodialysis therapy should be considered to increase patient outcome.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75049151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.205
M. Abdulhussain, Fawaz D. Alaswad
Background: Many studies have reported that a condition initially classified as oral lichen planus (OLP) has a variable chance of developing cancer progression over time, although these results are still questionable. Cyclin D1 controls the mitotic cell cycle's transition from G1 to S. Cyclin D1 has a significant function in carcinogenesis due to its critical involvement in cell cycle control. Cyclin D1 deregulation or overexpression may result in shortened G1 phase, enhanced cell replication, and decreased reliance on growth regulators, causing disruption in conventional cell cycle progression and the progression of cancer. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the expression of Cyclin D1 in histopathologically confirmed OLP samples and to predict the rate of malignant transformation in these lesions by comparing the level of expression with some clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: The immunohistochemical procedure was used to examine the expression of cyclin D1 on paraffin-embedded sections of (40) OLP lesions and (10) specimens of normal oral mucosa. We used the SPSS software version (18.0) to do the statistical analysis in this work. Results: There is a very significant difference between the people investigated (P = 0.01), which is statistically significant. CyclinD1 was found in all of the oral lichen planus cases in the research (100%), but it was also found (80%) in the normal oral mucosa. There was also no statistically significant difference between the clinical types of OLP and the Cyclin D1 scoring (P = 0.942), which revealed that the reticular type was the most frequent (7) in mild scoring, whereas the erosive type was the most frequent in severe scoring, which accounted for the majority of the cases. Conclusion: This research found that higher cyclinD1 expression increases the risk of cancer and many of the markers should be tested. Furthermore, larger sample numbers, improved designs, and gene-reduction studies should be performed. OLP patients should be continuously monitored for OSCC progression.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical Expression of Cyclin D1 in Oral Lichen Planus","authors":"M. Abdulhussain, Fawaz D. Alaswad","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.205","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many studies have reported that a condition initially classified as oral lichen planus (OLP) has a variable chance of developing cancer progression over time, although these results are still questionable. Cyclin D1 controls the mitotic cell cycle's transition from G1 to S. Cyclin D1 has a significant function in carcinogenesis due to its critical involvement in cell cycle control. Cyclin D1 deregulation or overexpression may result in shortened G1 phase, enhanced cell replication, and decreased reliance on growth regulators, causing disruption in conventional cell cycle progression and the progression of cancer. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the expression of Cyclin D1 in histopathologically confirmed OLP samples and to predict the rate of malignant transformation in these lesions by comparing the level of expression with some clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: The immunohistochemical procedure was used to examine the expression of cyclin D1 on paraffin-embedded sections of (40) OLP lesions and (10) specimens of normal oral mucosa. We used the SPSS software version (18.0) to do the statistical analysis in this work. Results: There is a very significant difference between the people investigated (P = 0.01), which is statistically significant. CyclinD1 was found in all of the oral lichen planus cases in the research (100%), but it was also found (80%) in the normal oral mucosa. There was also no statistically significant difference between the clinical types of OLP and the Cyclin D1 scoring (P = 0.942), which revealed that the reticular type was the most frequent (7) in mild scoring, whereas the erosive type was the most frequent in severe scoring, which accounted for the majority of the cases. Conclusion: This research found that higher cyclinD1 expression increases the risk of cancer and many of the markers should be tested. Furthermore, larger sample numbers, improved designs, and gene-reduction studies should be performed. OLP patients should be continuously monitored for OSCC progression.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91540406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.220
J. Rusli, H. N. Ramila, Doddy Tavianto, R. W. Sudjud
Introduction: Achieving a satisfactory hemodynamic performance is the primary objective in the management of cardiac surgery patient. Optimal cardiac function ensures adequate perfusion and oxygenation of other organ systems (in particular vital organs) and improves the chances for an uneventful recovery from surgery. Case: A 46 year old male diagnosed with Coronary Artery Disease 3 Vessel Disease (CAD 3 VD), CTO in LAD and RCA, history of hypertension, extensive myocard infarction with hypertrophy as well as global function impairment of the left ventricle and low ejection fraction, who underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG). Supportive medications, such as dobutamine and nitroglycerin (NTG) were initiated and maintained intraoperatively, especially after anesthetic induction due to hemodynamic alterations. Patient was able to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine and transferred to the ICU postoperatively.
{"title":"Perioperative Management of Patient with Coronary Artery Disease 3 Vessels Disease, Chronic Total Occlusion in Left Anterior Descending and Right Coronary Artery, History of Hypertension, Extensive Myocardial Infarction and Low Ejection Fraction: A Case Report","authors":"J. Rusli, H. N. Ramila, Doddy Tavianto, R. W. Sudjud","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Achieving a satisfactory hemodynamic performance is the primary objective in the management of cardiac surgery patient. Optimal cardiac function ensures adequate perfusion and oxygenation of other organ systems (in particular vital organs) and improves the chances for an uneventful recovery from surgery. Case: A 46 year old male diagnosed with Coronary Artery Disease 3 Vessel Disease (CAD 3 VD), CTO in LAD and RCA, history of hypertension, extensive myocard infarction with hypertrophy as well as global function impairment of the left ventricle and low ejection fraction, who underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG). Supportive medications, such as dobutamine and nitroglycerin (NTG) were initiated and maintained intraoperatively, especially after anesthetic induction due to hemodynamic alterations. Patient was able to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine and transferred to the ICU postoperatively.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78855898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.211
T. Oamen, Oamen Sophia Omorenuwa, J. Idiake, E. O. Oladoja
In low-and middle-income countries, patients’ access to affordable medicines is a perennial challenge at all levels of healthcare delivery. Community pharmacists are expected to bridge the supply and demand gap. Unlike the plethora of studies done at the hospital and government institutions level, there is a paucity of empirical evidence on the factors influencing medicine procurement decisions from supply channels at the community pharmacy level. The study aimed to investigate the influence of community pharmacists’ professional and entrepreneurial considerations on their decision-to-procure from medicine suppliers. A cross-sectional survey which adopted a self-administered questionnaire approach to obtain primary data from randomly sampled respondents (N=398) from three purposively selected states in southwestern, Nigeria. Structural equation modeling (SEM) methodology was used to test the hypothesized model at p<0.05. The study revealed acceptable model fit and validity measures for measurement and structural models. Cost and profitability factors were significant predictors of decision-to-procure compared to service and product quality factors among respondents [β=0.343, p=0.001 vs. β=0.044, p=0.606]. Product selection had a positive moderating effect on cost and profitability factors [t=1.980, p=0.048] and a negative directional effect on service and product quality factors in the hypothesized model [t=-2.960, p=0.003]. Community pharmacists should balance financial considerations with a professional focus to ensure patients’ access to quality and affordable medicines. Study outcomes suggest the development and implementation of universally acceptable guidelines on medicine procurement in community pharmacy settings in low-and middle-income countries. The study validated the SEM model for evaluating priorities influencing community pharmacists’ buying decisions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to use the SEM framework to explore factors informing drug procurement decisions from the community pharmacists’ perspective in low-and middle-income countries.
在低收入和中等收入国家，患者获得负担得起的药物是各级卫生保健服务的长期挑战。社区药剂师有望弥合供需缺口。与在医院和政府机构一级所做的大量研究不同，从社区药房一级的供应渠道影响药品采购决策的因素缺乏经验证据。本研究旨在探讨社区药师的专业考虑和创业考虑对其向药品供应商采购决策的影响。横断面调查，采用自我管理问卷的方法，从随机抽样的受访者(N=398)从三个故意选择的州，尼日利亚西南部获得主要数据。采用结构方程模型(SEM)方法对假设模型进行检验，p<0.05。研究揭示了测量模型和结构模型可接受的模型拟合和效度措施。与服务和产品质量因素相比，成本和盈利能力因素是受访者采购决策的显著预测因素[β=0.343, p=0.001 vs. β=0.044, p=0.606]。在假设模型中，产品选择对成本和盈利能力因素具有正向调节作用[t=1.980, p=0.048]，对服务和产品质量因素具有负向调节作用[t=-2.960, p=0.003]。社区药剂师应平衡财务考虑与专业重点，以确保患者获得高质量和负担得起的药物。研究结果建议在低收入和中等收入国家的社区药房制定和实施普遍接受的药品采购指南。本研究验证了SEM模型评估影响社区药剂师购买决策的优先级。据作者所知，这是第一个使用SEM框架从低收入和中等收入国家的社区药剂师的角度探讨影响药品采购决策的因素的研究。
{"title":"An Evaluation of the Reflective Constructs Influencing Community Pharmacists’ Decision-to-Procure from Pharmaceutical Suppliers: A Structural Equation Modeling Study","authors":"T. Oamen, Oamen Sophia Omorenuwa, J. Idiake, E. O. Oladoja","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.211","url":null,"abstract":"In low-and middle-income countries, patients’ access to affordable medicines is a perennial challenge at all levels of healthcare delivery. Community pharmacists are expected to bridge the supply and demand gap. Unlike the plethora of studies done at the hospital and government institutions level, there is a paucity of empirical evidence on the factors influencing medicine procurement decisions from supply channels at the community pharmacy level. The study aimed to investigate the influence of community pharmacists’ professional and entrepreneurial considerations on their decision-to-procure from medicine suppliers. A cross-sectional survey which adopted a self-administered questionnaire approach to obtain primary data from randomly sampled respondents (N=398) from three purposively selected states in southwestern, Nigeria. Structural equation modeling (SEM) methodology was used to test the hypothesized model at p<0.05. The study revealed acceptable model fit and validity measures for measurement and structural models. Cost and profitability factors were significant predictors of decision-to-procure compared to service and product quality factors among respondents [β=0.343, p=0.001 vs. β=0.044, p=0.606]. Product selection had a positive moderating effect on cost and profitability factors [t=1.980, p=0.048] and a negative directional effect on service and product quality factors in the hypothesized model [t=-2.960, p=0.003]. Community pharmacists should balance financial considerations with a professional focus to ensure patients’ access to quality and affordable medicines. Study outcomes suggest the development and implementation of universally acceptable guidelines on medicine procurement in community pharmacy settings in low-and middle-income countries. The study validated the SEM model for evaluating priorities influencing community pharmacists’ buying decisions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to use the SEM framework to explore factors informing drug procurement decisions from the community pharmacists’ perspective in low-and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86182758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.215
Suwarman Suwarman, Osmond Muftilov, Muhammad Luthfi Hidayat
Background: Recovery time and fast patient discharge after surgery are goals of fast-track surgery that uses the concept of ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) to minimize pain, speed up recovery, and reduce pain and complications. Fast-track surgeries such as odontectomy require drugs with a fast onset of action and short duration hence the patient can recover from the drugs as soon as possible. The use and types of opioids have been developed for optimal fast-track surgery. One of the most widely used opioids is remifentanil. Purpose: This study aims to compare the administration of fentanyl and remifentanil to the emergence and discharge time of post-odontectomy patients with general anesthesia. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups, the fentanyl group (group F, n=21) and the remifentanil group (group R, n=21). This study used a retrospective cohort analysis of the medical records of 42 patients with elective odontectomy surgery for the period December 2020 to June 2021 at RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Emergence time was assessed using the OAA/S score and discharge time was considered using the modified Aldrete score. Results: This study showed a significant difference between the emergence time in group R (168+47.98 seconds) and group F (368+58.16 seconds) with a p-value = 0.0001. There was a significant difference between the discharge time in group R (20.00+7.24 minutes) and group F (58.57+12.46 minutes) with a p-value = 0.001. Conclusion: Recovery time and discharge time for patients receiving remifentanil were faster than for patients receiving fentanyl for odontectomy.
背景:快速通道手术采用ERAS (Enhanced Recovery after surgery)的概念来减少疼痛，加速恢复，减少疼痛和并发症，术后恢复时间和快速出院是快速通道手术的目标。快速通道手术，如牙齿切除，需要药物起效快，持续时间短，因此患者可以尽快从药物中恢复。阿片类药物的使用和类型已经发展到最佳的快速通道手术。最广泛使用的阿片类药物之一是瑞芬太尼。目的:本研究旨在比较芬太尼和瑞芬太尼给药对全麻牙切除术后患者出现和出院时间的影响。方法:将患者分为芬太尼组(F组，n=21)和瑞芬太尼组(R组，n=21)。本研究对2020年12月至2021年6月期间在RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung接受选择性牙切除手术的42例患者的医疗记录进行了回顾性队列分析。急救时间采用OAA/S评分，出院时间采用改良Aldrete评分。结果:R组(168+47.98 s)与F组(368+58.16 s)出现时间差异有统计学意义(p值= 0.0001)。R组(20.00+7.24 min)与F组(58.57+12.46 min)的出院时间差异有统计学意义(p值= 0.001)。结论:使用瑞芬太尼的患者恢复时间和出院时间均快于使用芬太尼的患者。
{"title":"Comparison of Intravenous Fentanyl and Intravenous Remifentanil on Emergence Time and Discharge Time in Patients Undergoing Odontectomy: An Observational Analytical Review","authors":"Suwarman Suwarman, Osmond Muftilov, Muhammad Luthfi Hidayat","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.215","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recovery time and fast patient discharge after surgery are goals of fast-track surgery that uses the concept of ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) to minimize pain, speed up recovery, and reduce pain and complications. Fast-track surgeries such as odontectomy require drugs with a fast onset of action and short duration hence the patient can recover from the drugs as soon as possible. The use and types of opioids have been developed for optimal fast-track surgery. One of the most widely used opioids is remifentanil. Purpose: This study aims to compare the administration of fentanyl and remifentanil to the emergence and discharge time of post-odontectomy patients with general anesthesia. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups, the fentanyl group (group F, n=21) and the remifentanil group (group R, n=21). This study used a retrospective cohort analysis of the medical records of 42 patients with elective odontectomy surgery for the period December 2020 to June 2021 at RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Emergence time was assessed using the OAA/S score and discharge time was considered using the modified Aldrete score. Results: This study showed a significant difference between the emergence time in group R (168+47.98 seconds) and group F (368+58.16 seconds) with a p-value = 0.0001. There was a significant difference between the discharge time in group R (20.00+7.24 minutes) and group F (58.57+12.46 minutes) with a p-value = 0.001. Conclusion: Recovery time and discharge time for patients receiving remifentanil were faster than for patients receiving fentanyl for odontectomy.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82196416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.209
R. Kara
The study aims to evaluate the color of CAD/CAM blocks of different thicknesses after thermocycling as in-vitro. A total of 180 samples (n=10) were prepared in 2 thicknesses (0.5mm, and 1.0 mm) from various CAD/CAM blocks of different structures (Katana UTML, Prettau® 4 Anterior® Dispersive, IPS e-max Cad, Vita YZ-XT, Vita YZ-T, Vita Suprinity PC, Vita Enamic, Shofu HC, G-Ceram). The color values of the samples (L*, a*, b*) were measured before and after thermocycling. The discoloration (ΔE) data obtained were statistically compared with two way-ANOVA, Tukey HSD posthoc tests, and Paired Sample T-Test (p<0.05). The highest average discoloration was found in the Katana group (ΔE=3.07) with a thickness of 1 mm, while the lowest was found in the Shofu HC group (ΔE=0.49) with a thickness of 0.5 mm. In contrast, the ΔE value was significantly different in samples with a thickness of 1 mm and 0.5 mm (p<0.05), there was no difference in the ΔE values in the groups in themselves. Discoloration values of test materials depending on thickness varied, but the difference of thickness in the same material did not affect the color change. All the color changes were clinically accepted.
{"title":"Evaluation of Discoloration After Thermocycling in CAD/CAM Blocks of Different Thicknesses","authors":"R. Kara","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.209","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to evaluate the color of CAD/CAM blocks of different thicknesses after thermocycling as in-vitro. A total of 180 samples (n=10) were prepared in 2 thicknesses (0.5mm, and 1.0 mm) from various CAD/CAM blocks of different structures (Katana UTML, Prettau® 4 Anterior® Dispersive, IPS e-max Cad, Vita YZ-XT, Vita YZ-T, Vita Suprinity PC, Vita Enamic, Shofu HC, G-Ceram). The color values of the samples (L*, a*, b*) were measured before and after thermocycling. The discoloration (ΔE) data obtained were statistically compared with two way-ANOVA, Tukey HSD posthoc tests, and Paired Sample T-Test (p<0.05). The highest average discoloration was found in the Katana group (ΔE=3.07) with a thickness of 1 mm, while the lowest was found in the Shofu HC group (ΔE=0.49) with a thickness of 0.5 mm. In contrast, the ΔE value was significantly different in samples with a thickness of 1 mm and 0.5 mm (p<0.05), there was no difference in the ΔE values in the groups in themselves. Discoloration values of test materials depending on thickness varied, but the difference of thickness in the same material did not affect the color change. All the color changes were clinically accepted.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88296157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.213
O. Oloyede, P. Adefuye, A. Akiseku
Introduction: The age-long practice of late booking is gradually changing towards early pregnancy booking because of the benefits. Implementation of new medical guidelines is however often delayed in developing countries. Aim: The study proposes to observe the trend in antenatal booking in respect of booking gestational age, and the relationship with maternal socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics. Methodology: A retrospective study of antenatal bookings between 2016 and 2020 in Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu Ogun State, Nigeria was carried out. Data were collected from pregnant women that had a minimum of 4 clinic attendances and delivered in the hospital. Data analysis was by descriptive statistics and presented in simple frequency tables. Results: Six thousand, eight hundred and ninety-nine pregnancies were booked, with early bookings (< 13 weeks) in 23.9% and late bookings in 64.6% (14-26 weeks) and 11.5% (27-36 weeks). The proportion of early bookings (23.9%) was higher compared with 18.8% reported in 2014 in same centre. Every year, the number of early bookings was initially stable at 20.4%, but rose to 26.7 - 30.8 in the last 2 years of study. Maternal age < 30 years, secondary or tertiary educational level and previous caesarean delivery were the predominant variables among women that booked in early pregnancy. Previous or on-going medical disorders and/or delivery complications were not strongly associated with early booking. Conclusions: The practice of late pregnancy booking is still a major issue, though the proportion of early bookings has continued to increase compared with previous study. Improvement in education, economic empowerment and health education that emphasizes preventive rather than curative role of ANC is advised.
{"title":"Trend of Antenatal Bookings in a Teaching Hospital in South Western Nigeria","authors":"O. Oloyede, P. Adefuye, A. Akiseku","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.213","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The age-long practice of late booking is gradually changing towards early pregnancy booking because of the benefits. Implementation of new medical guidelines is however often delayed in developing countries. Aim: The study proposes to observe the trend in antenatal booking in respect of booking gestational age, and the relationship with maternal socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics. Methodology: A retrospective study of antenatal bookings between 2016 and 2020 in Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu Ogun State, Nigeria was carried out. Data were collected from pregnant women that had a minimum of 4 clinic attendances and delivered in the hospital. Data analysis was by descriptive statistics and presented in simple frequency tables. Results: Six thousand, eight hundred and ninety-nine pregnancies were booked, with early bookings (< 13 weeks) in 23.9% and late bookings in 64.6% (14-26 weeks) and 11.5% (27-36 weeks). The proportion of early bookings (23.9%) was higher compared with 18.8% reported in 2014 in same centre. Every year, the number of early bookings was initially stable at 20.4%, but rose to 26.7 - 30.8 in the last 2 years of study. Maternal age < 30 years, secondary or tertiary educational level and previous caesarean delivery were the predominant variables among women that booked in early pregnancy. Previous or on-going medical disorders and/or delivery complications were not strongly associated with early booking. Conclusions: The practice of late pregnancy booking is still a major issue, though the proportion of early bookings has continued to increase compared with previous study. Improvement in education, economic empowerment and health education that emphasizes preventive rather than curative role of ANC is advised.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72952732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.221
J. C. Eze, J. Agbo, D. Ugwuanyi, H. Chiegwu, Dorathy Ezeagwuna, Chidera S. Nchey-Achukwu
Background: Mobile phones were first introduced in the United Kingdom and have become an important means of communication among doctors, other healthcare workers, patients and the general public. Objectives: This study was aimed at establishing that mobile phones are sources of nosocomial infections in the radiology department of our teaching hospital and also to determine the pathogens that are responsible for these infections. Methods: This was a prospective study that involved collection of swab samples from radiographers’ mobile phones. Three different samples were collected from each mobile phone. Thirty (30) mobile phones were used for this investigation and ninety (90) samples were totally collected. Samples were collected on arrival of the radiographer to the department, after handling patients and after washing hands. Samples collected were sent to the microbiology department for culture analysis. Descriptive data analysis was performed and results presented in frequency tables. Results: On arrival at the department, samples collected revealed that 22 (73.3%) of the phones were contaminated before commencing work for the day while 8 (26.7%) were not contaminated. With direct patient contact, 27 (93.3%) were contaminated and after washing hands it was observed that 16 (53.3%) of the mobile phones were contaminated. The major cause of contamination was staphylococcus aureus especially noted in swabs obtained after direct patient contact. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were also identified as contaminants of the phones. Conclusion: Radiographers’ mobile phones harbour bacteria and could act as a source of nosocomial infection in the radiology department.
{"title":"Mobile Phones as a Source of Nosocomial Infection in the Radiology Department of a Teaching Hospital","authors":"J. C. Eze, J. Agbo, D. Ugwuanyi, H. Chiegwu, Dorathy Ezeagwuna, Chidera S. Nchey-Achukwu","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.221","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mobile phones were first introduced in the United Kingdom and have become an important means of communication among doctors, other healthcare workers, patients and the general public. Objectives: This study was aimed at establishing that mobile phones are sources of nosocomial infections in the radiology department of our teaching hospital and also to determine the pathogens that are responsible for these infections. Methods: This was a prospective study that involved collection of swab samples from radiographers’ mobile phones. Three different samples were collected from each mobile phone. Thirty (30) mobile phones were used for this investigation and ninety (90) samples were totally collected. Samples were collected on arrival of the radiographer to the department, after handling patients and after washing hands. Samples collected were sent to the microbiology department for culture analysis. Descriptive data analysis was performed and results presented in frequency tables. Results: On arrival at the department, samples collected revealed that 22 (73.3%) of the phones were contaminated before commencing work for the day while 8 (26.7%) were not contaminated. With direct patient contact, 27 (93.3%) were contaminated and after washing hands it was observed that 16 (53.3%) of the mobile phones were contaminated. The major cause of contamination was staphylococcus aureus especially noted in swabs obtained after direct patient contact. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were also identified as contaminants of the phones. Conclusion: Radiographers’ mobile phones harbour bacteria and could act as a source of nosocomial infection in the radiology department.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76185801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.217
E. Taiwo, L. Thanni, A. Waheed
Background: The primary causes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are largely unknown but insulin insensitivity has been reported to be a risk factor for the T2DM through the alteration of insulin sensitivity pattern. There is paucity of studies on the effect of exercise on occurrence of T2DM in offspring of diabetic parents in our population. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity (IS) on offspring of T2DM parents compared with offspring of non-diabetic parents. Design: This study involved 60 offspring of T2DM parents attending University College Hospital, Ibadan and 60 offspring of non-diabetic parents who are undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups. Each participant followed a protocol of graded exercise using ‘‘tummy trimmer’’ everyday spending 45 minutes daily for 24 weeks. Blood samples were obtained after an overnight fasting for determination of insulin sensitivity using standard methods at baseline and at 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and student t test with significance at p<0.05). Results: The most populated aged group was 26 to 35 years of which 47.3% (n=26) were OODP and 52.7% (n=29) were OONDP. However, all subjects were overweight with mean BMI of OODP and OONDP (29.30kg/m2±0.71 versus 26.37kg/m2±0.88) p=.0.035. Significantly, total insulin sensitivity between the two groups increased after 6 months of exercise p=0.045(3.36µ /l±0.24 versus 3.48µ /l±0.24). Conclusions: Male subjects tend to have higher insulin sensitivity than females.
背景:2型糖尿病(T2DM)的主要病因尚不清楚，但胰岛素不敏感已被报道为通过改变胰岛素敏感性模式而成为T2DM的危险因素。在我国人群中，关于运动对糖尿病父母后代发生2型糖尿病的影响的研究很少。目的:本研究旨在评估运动对2型糖尿病父母后代胰岛素敏感性(IS)的影响，并与非糖尿病父母后代进行比较。设计:本研究纳入60名在伊巴丹大学学院医院就读的2型糖尿病父母的子女和60名在尼日利亚伊巴丹大学就读的非糖尿病父母的子女。参与者被随机分为两组。在24周的时间里，每位参与者都遵循了一项分级锻炼方案，每天使用“腹部修剪器”进行45分钟的锻炼。在基线和24周时，禁食一夜后采集血液样本，使用标准方法测定胰岛素敏感性。资料分析采用描述性统计和学生t检验，p<0.05)。结果:26 ~ 35岁为老年人群，其中OODP占47.3% (n=26)， OONDP占52.7% (n=29)。然而，所有受试者均超重，OODP和OONDP的平均BMI (29.30kg/m2±0.71 vs 26.37kg/m2±0.88)p= 0.035。运动6个月后，两组总胰岛素敏感性显著升高p=0.045(3.36µ/l±0.24 vs 3.48µ/l±0.24)。结论:男性受试者胰岛素敏感性高于女性受试者。
{"title":"Comparison of Effect of Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity of Overweight Normoglycemic Offspring of T2DM Parents and Non-Diabetic Parents","authors":"E. Taiwo, L. Thanni, A. Waheed","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.217","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The primary causes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are largely unknown but insulin insensitivity has been reported to be a risk factor for the T2DM through the alteration of insulin sensitivity pattern. There is paucity of studies on the effect of exercise on occurrence of T2DM in offspring of diabetic parents in our population. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity (IS) on offspring of T2DM parents compared with offspring of non-diabetic parents. Design: This study involved 60 offspring of T2DM parents attending University College Hospital, Ibadan and 60 offspring of non-diabetic parents who are undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups. Each participant followed a protocol of graded exercise using ‘‘tummy trimmer’’ everyday spending 45 minutes daily for 24 weeks. Blood samples were obtained after an overnight fasting for determination of insulin sensitivity using standard methods at baseline and at 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and student t test with significance at p<0.05). Results: The most populated aged group was 26 to 35 years of which 47.3% (n=26) were OODP and 52.7% (n=29) were OONDP. However, all subjects were overweight with mean BMI of OODP and OONDP (29.30kg/m2±0.71 versus 26.37kg/m2±0.88) p=.0.035. Significantly, total insulin sensitivity between the two groups increased after 6 months of exercise p=0.045(3.36µ /l±0.24 versus 3.48µ /l±0.24). Conclusions: Male subjects tend to have higher insulin sensitivity than females.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79007651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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