Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.03.230
Emmalyn B. Cutamora, Kenneth C. Cortes, J. A. Pepito
An emerging trend in modern medical laboratories is automation, and it is having a positive impact on the quality of service to patients and on the safety of medical laboratory staff. The use of automation in medical laboratories enable many tests by analytical instruments with minimal use of an analyst. These automated instruments result in increasing the capabilities of a laboratory to process more workload with minimum involvement of manpower. Total Laboratory Automation (TLA) has many advantages including workload reduction, less time spent per sample, increased number of tests done in less time, use of a smaller sample amount, decreased risks for human errors, and higher reproducibility and accuracy. With the future practice of medical technologists in a technologically advanced future in peril. What edge do medical technologists have over Artificial Intelligence and Robotics that would still make them essential in medical laboratories in a future that is technologically advanced?
{"title":"Are Medical Technologists still needed in Medical Laboratories in a Technologically Advanced Future?","authors":"Emmalyn B. Cutamora, Kenneth C. Cortes, J. A. Pepito","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.03.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.03.230","url":null,"abstract":"An emerging trend in modern medical laboratories is automation, and it is having a positive impact on the quality of service to patients and on the safety of medical laboratory staff. The use of automation in medical laboratories enable many tests by analytical instruments with minimal use of an analyst. These automated instruments result in increasing the capabilities of a laboratory to process more workload with minimum involvement of manpower. Total Laboratory Automation (TLA) has many advantages including workload reduction, less time spent per sample, increased number of tests done in less time, use of a smaller sample amount, decreased risks for human errors, and higher reproducibility and accuracy. With the future practice of medical technologists in a technologically advanced future in peril. What edge do medical technologists have over Artificial Intelligence and Robotics that would still make them essential in medical laboratories in a future that is technologically advanced?","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83406028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.03.232
Anasse Mejdoubi, M. Khoulali, Younes Al Dohni, N. Oulali, F. Moufid
Metastatic disease to the calvaria with invasive dural venous sinus extension presents unique diagnostic and management challenges in cancer patients. Treatment options are not standardized. We report a case of a 62-year-old female who presented with breast cancer calvarial metastasis and upper sagittal sinus extension, and in whom a complete resection of the lesion was performed. Surgery may be helpful in selected cancer patients for symptomatic relief as well as survival benefits.
{"title":"Calvarial Metastasis with Dural Sinus Invasion: A Case Report","authors":"Anasse Mejdoubi, M. Khoulali, Younes Al Dohni, N. Oulali, F. Moufid","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.03.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.03.232","url":null,"abstract":"Metastatic disease to the calvaria with invasive dural venous sinus extension presents unique diagnostic and management challenges in cancer patients. Treatment options are not standardized. We report a case of a 62-year-old female who presented with breast cancer calvarial metastasis and upper sagittal sinus extension, and in whom a complete resection of the lesion was performed. Surgery may be helpful in selected cancer patients for symptomatic relief as well as survival benefits.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83361536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.206
M. E. Vanutelli, C. Lucchiari
In the last 25 years, the field of neuroscience has seen exponential growth due to technological advances, which have not only allowed for collecting more accurate data, but also for addressing a variety of innovative studies for human development understanding. Neurofeedback (NF), and particularly Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCI) applications, are among the most promising methods, since they enable individuals to interact with a computer by using their brain activity to learn implicitly and train some specific cognitive and affective functions. These applications proved to be suitable for many different fields, from research to clinical practice. However, NF was used only in individual settings, with participants interacting with a computer, while more ecological and complex phenomena could be better explored in interactive contexts. In the present work, we propose that the future of BCI provided NF may lie in the development of interactive settings where two or more participants can be informed about their inter-brain synchrony to train and reinforce them towards enhanced joint interactions and promote learning and empowerment. We propose that BCI methods should move to brain-X-brain-computer interfaces (B2CI). In this new protocol, that we called “hyperfeedback,” brain signals coming from two people involved in a joint setting are processed so to provide a compound feedback. The possible applications of such a paradigm are discussed.
在过去的25年里，由于技术的进步，神经科学领域已经看到了指数级的增长，这不仅允许收集更准确的数据，而且还解决了人类发展理解的各种创新研究。神经反馈(NF)，特别是脑机接口(BCI)应用，是最有前途的方法之一，因为它们使个人能够通过使用他们的大脑活动来与计算机进行交互，以隐性地学习并训练一些特定的认知和情感功能。这些应用被证明适用于从研究到临床实践的许多不同领域。然而，NF仅用于个体设置，参与者与计算机互动，而更多的生态和复杂的现象可以在互动环境中更好地探索。在目前的工作中，我们提出脑机接口提供NF的未来可能在于互动环境的发展，在这种环境中，两个或更多的参与者可以被告知他们的脑间同步，以训练和加强他们的联合互动，促进学习和授权。我们建议BCI方法应该转向脑- x -脑-机接口(B2CI)。在这个我们称之为“超反馈”的新方案中，来自两个人的大脑信号被处理以提供复合反馈。讨论了这种范式的可能应用。
{"title":"“Hyperfeedback” as a Tool to Assess and Induce Interpersonal Synchrony: The Role of Applied Social Neurosciences for Research, Training, and Clinical Practice","authors":"M. E. Vanutelli, C. Lucchiari","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.206","url":null,"abstract":"In the last 25 years, the field of neuroscience has seen exponential growth due to technological advances, which have not only allowed for collecting more accurate data, but also for addressing a variety of innovative studies for human development understanding. Neurofeedback (NF), and particularly Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCI) applications, are among the most promising methods, since they enable individuals to interact with a computer by using their brain activity to learn implicitly and train some specific cognitive and affective functions. These applications proved to be suitable for many different fields, from research to clinical practice. However, NF was used only in individual settings, with participants interacting with a computer, while more ecological and complex phenomena could be better explored in interactive contexts. In the present work, we propose that the future of BCI provided NF may lie in the development of interactive settings where two or more participants can be informed about their inter-brain synchrony to train and reinforce them towards enhanced joint interactions and promote learning and empowerment. We propose that BCI methods should move to brain-X-brain-computer interfaces (B2CI). In this new protocol, that we called “hyperfeedback,” brain signals coming from two people involved in a joint setting are processed so to provide a compound feedback. The possible applications of such a paradigm are discussed.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84999902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.208
Israt Jahan, Salman Mahmud Siddique, A. Anik, M. Salwa, S. Mousum, Muhammad Ibrahim Ibne Towhid, M. T. Islam, Wai Wai Mroy, Md Maruf Haque Khan, M. A. Haque
Background: Although hypertension was formerly thought to be a disease in affluent countries, recent data suggest that low- and middle-income countries account for three-quarters of the worldwide hypertension burden. Several studies have shown a high prevalence of HTN in Bangladesh, while data on urban slum areas are scarce. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in an urban slum area of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 602 adults aged 18 years and above living in slum areas of Donia union at Kodomtali Thana, Dhaka, from September to October 2018 by simple random sampling. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to predict the risk factors for hypertension. Results: A quarter of the urban slum dwellers were suffering from hypertension. Higher aged groups, 31 to 45 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.56; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54-4.27] and 46 and above years [AOR: 5.13; 95% CI: 2.68-9.82], family history of hypertension [AOR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.24-2.99], and obesity [AOR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.34-6.12] were found to be the significant risk factors of hypertension. Middle socio-economic status [AOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34-0.93] and underweight [AOR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.15-0.83] showed negative association with hypertension. Among the hypertensive participants, 20.6% were aware of their hypertension, 16.8% were on antihypertensive treatment, and 7.7% had their blood pressure controlled. Conclusion: A high prevalence of hypertension associated with poor awareness and control in an urban slum community needs government initiatives for prevention.
{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors, Awareness, and Control of Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Urban Slum Area of Bangladesh","authors":"Israt Jahan, Salman Mahmud Siddique, A. Anik, M. Salwa, S. Mousum, Muhammad Ibrahim Ibne Towhid, M. T. Islam, Wai Wai Mroy, Md Maruf Haque Khan, M. A. Haque","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.208","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although hypertension was formerly thought to be a disease in affluent countries, recent data suggest that low- and middle-income countries account for three-quarters of the worldwide hypertension burden. Several studies have shown a high prevalence of HTN in Bangladesh, while data on urban slum areas are scarce. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in an urban slum area of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 602 adults aged 18 years and above living in slum areas of Donia union at Kodomtali Thana, Dhaka, from September to October 2018 by simple random sampling. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to predict the risk factors for hypertension. Results: A quarter of the urban slum dwellers were suffering from hypertension. Higher aged groups, 31 to 45 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.56; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54-4.27] and 46 and above years [AOR: 5.13; 95% CI: 2.68-9.82], family history of hypertension [AOR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.24-2.99], and obesity [AOR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.34-6.12] were found to be the significant risk factors of hypertension. Middle socio-economic status [AOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34-0.93] and underweight [AOR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.15-0.83] showed negative association with hypertension. Among the hypertensive participants, 20.6% were aware of their hypertension, 16.8% were on antihypertensive treatment, and 7.7% had their blood pressure controlled. Conclusion: A high prevalence of hypertension associated with poor awareness and control in an urban slum community needs government initiatives for prevention.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81786820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.223
Burak Tozoğlu, Ş. Polat, H. Çelik, Bahadır Mazlumoglu
The purpose of this study is to examine the obesity awareness levels of university students in terms of sport and different variables. The research was carried out on a total of 310 students, 107 male and 203 female, studying at Erzurum Atatürk University Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education in the 2021/2022 academic year. Research data were collected by the obesity awareness scale developed by Allen (2011) and adapted into Turkish by Kafkas and Özen (2014) and a demographic information form prepared by the researchers. Frequency distribution was used to determine the demographic characteristics of the students. “T-test for Independent Samples” was used to examine the differentiation between two independent variables and obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions, "One-Way Analysis of Variance" was used to examine the differentiation between more than two variables and obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions, Pearson correlation analyzes were applied to determine the relationship between students' ages and obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions. All these tests were analyzed in the SPSS 21 package program and the significance level was taken as p<.05. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that there was a significant difference between the students' personal monthly income and sports activity status and the obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions. It was found that the obesity awareness levels of the students who do sports activities are higher than those who do not.
{"title":"Examination of Obesity Awareness Levels of University Students in Terms of Different Variables","authors":"Burak Tozoğlu, Ş. Polat, H. Çelik, Bahadır Mazlumoglu","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.223","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine the obesity awareness levels of university students in terms of sport and different variables. The research was carried out on a total of 310 students, 107 male and 203 female, studying at Erzurum Atatürk University Kazım Karabekir Faculty of Education in the 2021/2022 academic year. Research data were collected by the obesity awareness scale developed by Allen (2011) and adapted into Turkish by Kafkas and Özen (2014) and a demographic information form prepared by the researchers. Frequency distribution was used to determine the demographic characteristics of the students. “T-test for Independent Samples” was used to examine the differentiation between two independent variables and obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions, \"One-Way Analysis of Variance\" was used to examine the differentiation between more than two variables and obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions, Pearson correlation analyzes were applied to determine the relationship between students' ages and obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions. All these tests were analyzed in the SPSS 21 package program and the significance level was taken as p<.05. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that there was a significant difference between the students' personal monthly income and sports activity status and the obesity awareness scale sub-dimensions. It was found that the obesity awareness levels of the students who do sports activities are higher than those who do not.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77484180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.218
Novarita Mariana Koch, Jeineke E. Ratuela, Sri Intan Walangadi
Smoking is a very popular habit, especially for adolescents, to show self-actualization. This situation also shows the need for guidance on awareness and good knowledge about maintaining a healthy body, not to mention dental and oral health as a whole and continuously, through the prevention of smoking behavior as dental and oral health influence the overall health. The aim of this study is to describe smoking in adolescents based on the knowledge level of dental and oral health in East Boroko Village, Manado, Indonesia. The type of research is descriptive research with a survey method. The sample in this study was a total population of 30 adolescent smokers. The data collection technique used primary data. The data was obtained directly by filling out the questionnaire, sending a google form questionnaire link to each respondent, contacting and cross-checking with respondents. The results show overall respondents’ level of knowledge is mostly poor as many as 16 people (53.3%) out of 30 people Meanwhile, the age group of respondents with poor knowledge level is the most in the 15-16 year age group as many as 10 (62.5%) people. Most adolescents do not know the impact of smoking on dental and oral health. In conclusion, the teenage smokers in East Boroko Village are lack of dental and oral health knowledge. Future work should address the causes of adolescents to become a smoker in order to provide precise solutions.
{"title":"Adolescents Smokers’ Knowledge Level of Dental and Oral Health","authors":"Novarita Mariana Koch, Jeineke E. Ratuela, Sri Intan Walangadi","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.218","url":null,"abstract":"Smoking is a very popular habit, especially for adolescents, to show self-actualization. This situation also shows the need for guidance on awareness and good knowledge about maintaining a healthy body, not to mention dental and oral health as a whole and continuously, through the prevention of smoking behavior as dental and oral health influence the overall health. The aim of this study is to describe smoking in adolescents based on the knowledge level of dental and oral health in East Boroko Village, Manado, Indonesia. The type of research is descriptive research with a survey method. The sample in this study was a total population of 30 adolescent smokers. The data collection technique used primary data. The data was obtained directly by filling out the questionnaire, sending a google form questionnaire link to each respondent, contacting and cross-checking with respondents. The results show overall respondents’ level of knowledge is mostly poor as many as 16 people (53.3%) out of 30 people Meanwhile, the age group of respondents with poor knowledge level is the most in the 15-16 year age group as many as 10 (62.5%) people. Most adolescents do not know the impact of smoking on dental and oral health. In conclusion, the teenage smokers in East Boroko Village are lack of dental and oral health knowledge. Future work should address the causes of adolescents to become a smoker in order to provide precise solutions.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75058810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.216
M. Ramos, Alessandra R. De Leon, A. Punzalan-Sotelo
Multiple glioma represent approximately 2 to 5% of all high grade gliomas which are categorized as multifocal or multicentric which depends on its timing, location and pattern of spread. Most of the clinical manifestation of patient with High Grade Glioma are headache and seizures, however, some may present with cognitive symptoms like memory loss, personality changes, focal weakness or numbness related to the site of the mass. There are several ways on treating high grade glioma these include surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. This report is a case of 54-year-old male, without no known comorbidities who presented two months history of right hemi cranial headache, accompanied with left sided weakness. Cranial MRI revealed uni-hemispheric, non-contiguous high-grade gliomas. This case underwent surgical excision and concurrent chemo-radiotherapy.
{"title":"Diffused Multifocal High Grade Glioma","authors":"M. Ramos, Alessandra R. De Leon, A. Punzalan-Sotelo","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.216","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple glioma represent approximately 2 to 5% of all high grade gliomas which are categorized as multifocal or multicentric which depends on its timing, location and pattern of spread. Most of the clinical manifestation of patient with High Grade Glioma are headache and seizures, however, some may present with cognitive symptoms like memory loss, personality changes, focal weakness or numbness related to the site of the mass. There are several ways on treating high grade glioma these include surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. This report is a case of 54-year-old male, without no known comorbidities who presented two months history of right hemi cranial headache, accompanied with left sided weakness. Cranial MRI revealed uni-hemispheric, non-contiguous high-grade gliomas. This case underwent surgical excision and concurrent chemo-radiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88140652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.212
Alessandra R. De Leon, C. Go
Background and Objective: COVID-19 pandemic caused massive adjustments to healthcare systems in the country. This study determined the change in hospital admission rates, length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality of common (non-COVID related) neurologic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic period. Methods: The study utilized a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients admitted under the Department of Neurology at Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center from the period of March 2019 to March 2020 (pre-pandemic group), and April 2020 to April 2021 (COVID-19 pandemic). Admission rates, length of stay and in-hospital mortality were calculated for cerebrovascular diseases, CNS infections, CNS neoplasms and Seizure disorders. Results: There were 1090 admissions from April 2019 to March 2020 and 393 admissions from April 2020 to March 2021 with an over-all decline of 63%. During the pandemic, the duration of hospital stay was longer for CNS neoplasms. Duration of hospital stay for cerebrovascular disease, CNS infection, and seizure disorders were not significantly different. There was an increase in over-all in hospital mortality from 22.75% to 26.46% with significant increase in the case fatality rate of cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion: We observed a large decline in the over-all admission rate and longer hospital stays. The over-all in-hospital mortality rate also increased during the pandemic period.
{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic vs. Pre-Pandemic Period: Changes in Hospital Admission Rates, Length of Stay, and In-Hospital Mortality of Common Neurologic Conditions","authors":"Alessandra R. De Leon, C. Go","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.212","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: COVID-19 pandemic caused massive adjustments to healthcare systems in the country. This study determined the change in hospital admission rates, length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality of common (non-COVID related) neurologic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic period. Methods: The study utilized a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients admitted under the Department of Neurology at Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center from the period of March 2019 to March 2020 (pre-pandemic group), and April 2020 to April 2021 (COVID-19 pandemic). Admission rates, length of stay and in-hospital mortality were calculated for cerebrovascular diseases, CNS infections, CNS neoplasms and Seizure disorders. Results: There were 1090 admissions from April 2019 to March 2020 and 393 admissions from April 2020 to March 2021 with an over-all decline of 63%. During the pandemic, the duration of hospital stay was longer for CNS neoplasms. Duration of hospital stay for cerebrovascular disease, CNS infection, and seizure disorders were not significantly different. There was an increase in over-all in hospital mortality from 22.75% to 26.46% with significant increase in the case fatality rate of cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusion: We observed a large decline in the over-all admission rate and longer hospital stays. The over-all in-hospital mortality rate also increased during the pandemic period.","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91482826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.210
O. Oloyede, Mustafa A Lamina, Mustafa A Lamina, T. Shorunmu
Background: Twin-twin transfusion syndrome is an important complication of monochorionic placentation in twin pregnancy. The management of this condition in Nigeria and many other developing countries has always been “watchful expectancy” with attendant high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Amnioreduction is a less demanding treatment option compared with fetoscopic laser coagulation management option in terms of cost and expertise, but has not been reported from any unit in Nigeria. Case Presentation: A 28-year-old gravid 2 para 1+0, 1 alive, carrying twin pregnancy was referred at 22 weeks gestation with complaint of mild discomfort due to sudden rapid enlargement of the abdomen. Physical examination and ultrasound scan assessment confirm Quintero stage II Twin-twin transfusion syndrome and she underwent serial amnioreduction at 24, 28 and 31 weeks of gestation with satisfactory outcomes. She had caesarean section at 33 weeks due to an acute episode of severe maternal discomfort and was delivered of 2 live female babies. There were no adverse perinatal events. Conclusion: This case presented demonstrates the role of amnioreduction in the management of carefully selected cases of twin-twin transfusion syndrome and further encouraged its utilization. in resource-constrained units instead of ‘watchful expectancy’ and in the absence of fetoscopic laser photocoagulation
{"title":"Optimizing Fetal Outcomes in Twin-Twin-Transfusion Syndrome using Serial Amnioreduction in Resource-Constrained Unit: A Case Report","authors":"O. Oloyede, Mustafa A Lamina, Mustafa A Lamina, T. Shorunmu","doi":"10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.210","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Twin-twin transfusion syndrome is an important complication of monochorionic placentation in twin pregnancy. The management of this condition in Nigeria and many other developing countries has always been “watchful expectancy” with attendant high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Amnioreduction is a less demanding treatment option compared with fetoscopic laser coagulation management option in terms of cost and expertise, but has not been reported from any unit in Nigeria. Case Presentation: A 28-year-old gravid 2 para 1+0, 1 alive, carrying twin pregnancy was referred at 22 weeks gestation with complaint of mild discomfort due to sudden rapid enlargement of the abdomen. Physical examination and ultrasound scan assessment confirm Quintero stage II Twin-twin transfusion syndrome and she underwent serial amnioreduction at 24, 28 and 31 weeks of gestation with satisfactory outcomes. She had caesarean section at 33 weeks due to an acute episode of severe maternal discomfort and was delivered of 2 live female babies. There were no adverse perinatal events. Conclusion: This case presented demonstrates the role of amnioreduction in the management of carefully selected cases of twin-twin transfusion syndrome and further encouraged its utilization. in resource-constrained units instead of ‘watchful expectancy’ and in the absence of fetoscopic laser photocoagulation","PeriodicalId":23608,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75017603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31014/aior.1994.05.02.214
Mohamed A. Hussein
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the fifth most common cancer and, with over 600,000 deaths per annum, it constitutes a major global health problem. The main aetiologies of chronic liver injury are chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, alcohol abuse and, as a result of metabolic syndrome reaching epidemic proportions, an increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Biomarkers are being developed as alternatives to liver biopsy for predicting liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The aim of this study was to investigate DNA Cell cycle in HCC, Fibrosis patients and compare with healthy control group. They were classified into three different groups 51 individuals diagnosed Fibrosis patients, 30 Hepatocellular Carcinoma patients and 40 healthy Control individuals with no liver diseases. Tumor Markers including CEA and AFP were estimated using ELISA method, DNA cell cycle was assessed using Flow Cytometry. Results showing sub G1 was increased significantly in both HCC and Fibrosis patients with values 9.55 ± 4.72 and 17.7 ± 5.9; respectively comparing with Healthy control group 5.7 ± 3.36 (p<0.005). On the other hand, G0/G1 was decreased significantly in both HCC and Fibrosis patients with values 62.2 ± 10.02 and 53.4 ± 11.1, respectively while in Healthy control. In addition, AFP and CEA were increased in both HCC and Fibrosis patients comparing with Control. Conclusion based on this study DNA cell cycle could help in assessment of Liver damage especially HCC.
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