Clinical trials demonstrate baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) reduces LV mass and blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients and in patients with hypertensive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It is thought that high sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in the heart plays a role in the disease progression seen in these patients. However, the impact of BAT on hemodynamics, cardiac SNA, and disease progression during HFpEF is unknown. In the present study, we used HumMod, a large physiology model to predict the time-dependent changes of BAT during HFpEF. Our results demonstrate a progressive cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis during HFpEF. After 6 months of BAT however, left ventricular mass was reduced (-11%), associated with decreased blood pressure, decreased cardiac SNA, and restoration of β1-adrenergic activity. Interestingly, when cardiac SNA suppression was blocked during BAT, the improvement in cardiac mass was attenuated. These simulations indicate that the suppression of cardiac SNA could be the primary determinant of the cardioprotective effects from BAT in this HF population.
{"title":"Simulating Baroreflex Activation Therapy for the Treatment of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction","authors":"J. Clemmer, W. Pruett, R. Hester","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Clinical trials demonstrate baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) reduces LV mass and blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients and in patients with hypertensive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It is thought that high sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in the heart plays a role in the disease progression seen in these patients. However, the impact of BAT on hemodynamics, cardiac SNA, and disease progression during HFpEF is unknown. In the present study, we used HumMod, a large physiology model to predict the time-dependent changes of BAT during HFpEF. Our results demonstrate a progressive cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis during HFpEF. After 6 months of BAT however, left ventricular mass was reduced (-11%), associated with decreased blood pressure, decreased cardiac SNA, and restoration of β1-adrenergic activity. Interestingly, when cardiac SNA suppression was blocked during BAT, the improvement in cardiac mass was attenuated. These simulations indicate that the suppression of cardiac SNA could be the primary determinant of the cardioprotective effects from BAT in this HF population.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132552162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human hands are made to do everything: grasp objects, communicate, perform daily tasks, and learn. Certain people with difficulties using their hands are affected greatly by spasticity, uncontrolled tightness in hand muscles, and impaired motor function in their hands. Hand spasticity specifically can be caused by several medical conditions including cerebral palsy, stroke, arthritis, and carpal tunnel. Often an individual's hand remains in a clenched fist position causing pain and limited mobility within the fingers. Many products exist on the market that specifically help meet the clinical needs of opening and extending a hand for long periods of time. Individuals can purchase products, but they are usually only used during occupational therapy sessions due to their high cost. The Hand Extender is a wearable designed for participants who struggle with functional use of their hands, and over time the Hand Extender is designed to support and aid their hand in everyday functions. Similar products only come in a few standard sizes, resulting in potentially poorer fit, e.g., commercially available products are not currently sized for the pediatric population or participants with an abnormal hand size. The custom fit glove of the Hand Extender made possible via 3D printed parts accommodates all participant populations with a variety of different hand sizes. The tailored glove also provides more accurate extension due to the better fit. A custom fit 3D Hand Extender was able to accurately fit two adult participants with different sized hands and normal hand function.
{"title":"Proof of Concept: Hand Extension Device to Aid Impaired Hand Functionn","authors":"Robin Johannes, Abigail R. Clarke-Sather","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Human hands are made to do everything: grasp objects, communicate, perform daily tasks, and learn. Certain people with difficulties using their hands are affected greatly by spasticity, uncontrolled tightness in hand muscles, and impaired motor function in their hands. Hand spasticity specifically can be caused by several medical conditions including cerebral palsy, stroke, arthritis, and carpal tunnel. Often an individual's hand remains in a clenched fist position causing pain and limited mobility within the fingers. Many products exist on the market that specifically help meet the clinical needs of opening and extending a hand for long periods of time. Individuals can purchase products, but they are usually only used during occupational therapy sessions due to their high cost. The Hand Extender is a wearable designed for participants who struggle with functional use of their hands, and over time the Hand Extender is designed to support and aid their hand in everyday functions. Similar products only come in a few standard sizes, resulting in potentially poorer fit, e.g., commercially available products are not currently sized for the pediatric population or participants with an abnormal hand size. The custom fit glove of the Hand Extender made possible via 3D printed parts accommodates all participant populations with a variety of different hand sizes. The tailored glove also provides more accurate extension due to the better fit. A custom fit 3D Hand Extender was able to accurately fit two adult participants with different sized hands and normal hand function.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124316021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruixing Liang, Max J. Kerensky, Eli Curry, Griffin Mess, Rasika Thombre, Serene Kamal, Fariba Aghabaglou, Richard Mejia, Francisco Chavez, Kyle Morrison, Nitish Thakor, N. Theodore, A. Manbachi
Focused ultrasound (FUS) is becoming widely researched for medical therapies due to its high penetration depth, spatial resolution, and affordability. Applications of FUS range from high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the ablation of cancerous tumors to low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) for the treatment of neurological conditions like essential tremors. A key step in developing these treatments and their corresponding FUS devices is characterizing the emitted ultrasound from the proposed transducer. However, a bottleneck exists at this verification and validation stage; current characterization techniques lack the robustness of reliably recording below a 5μm resolution. This level of accuracy is needed to adequately design devices which can target cells like astrocytes or other desired target tissues at this scale. Our Acoustic Measurement Platform for Localizing and Implementing Therapeutic Ultrasound Devices and Equipment (AMPLITUDE) is a solution which enables engineers, scientists, and clinicians to confidently characterize their equipment in a benchtop setting. It achieves this resolution by utilizing an all-in-one water conditioning unit, linear stepper motors with a theoretical step size of 1 μm and a 1% standard deviation on repetitive experiments, as well as signal processing techniques. This system can be used throughout the product timeline including prototyping, verifying efficacy, FDA testing, and routine check-ups during clinical use.
{"title":"Designing an Accurate Benchtop Characterization Device: An Acoustic Measurement Platform for Localizing and Implementing Therapeutic Ultrasound Devices and Equipment (Amplitude)","authors":"Ruixing Liang, Max J. Kerensky, Eli Curry, Griffin Mess, Rasika Thombre, Serene Kamal, Fariba Aghabaglou, Richard Mejia, Francisco Chavez, Kyle Morrison, Nitish Thakor, N. Theodore, A. Manbachi","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Focused ultrasound (FUS) is becoming widely researched for medical therapies due to its high penetration depth, spatial resolution, and affordability. Applications of FUS range from high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the ablation of cancerous tumors to low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) for the treatment of neurological conditions like essential tremors. A key step in developing these treatments and their corresponding FUS devices is characterizing the emitted ultrasound from the proposed transducer. However, a bottleneck exists at this verification and validation stage; current characterization techniques lack the robustness of reliably recording below a 5μm resolution. This level of accuracy is needed to adequately design devices which can target cells like astrocytes or other desired target tissues at this scale. Our Acoustic Measurement Platform for Localizing and Implementing Therapeutic Ultrasound Devices and Equipment (AMPLITUDE) is a solution which enables engineers, scientists, and clinicians to confidently characterize their equipment in a benchtop setting. It achieves this resolution by utilizing an all-in-one water conditioning unit, linear stepper motors with a theoretical step size of 1 μm and a 1% standard deviation on repetitive experiments, as well as signal processing techniques. This system can be used throughout the product timeline including prototyping, verifying efficacy, FDA testing, and routine check-ups during clinical use.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122472326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yinan Pei, Christopher M. Zallek, E. Hsiao-Wecksler
Ankle (or Achilles) tendon reflex is commonly assessed in a neurological examination. For a clinician trainee to master the correct assessment technique of Achilles tendon reflex and to be able to distinguish among various reflex activity levels indicating health or abnormality, repetitive training and practice are necessary. We propose to develop a robotic medical education training simulator that would generate a realistic reflex behavior depending on the simulated reflex activity level selected when given a tendon tap assessment. This development was based on an existing ankle-foot simulator [5]. A modified sensing system is still under development. In this paper, a reflex model was developed to estimate the ankle reflexive torque based on the input tap force. This reflex model prediction was validated in simulation and then implemented into our robotic simulator prototype. Preliminary benchtop results demonstrated that our simulator was able to accurately deliver the reflexive torque pattern required to simulate the clinical reflex movement to the trainee.
{"title":"Control Design and Preliminary Evaluation of a Medical Education Simulator for Ankle Tendon Reflex Assessment Training","authors":"Yinan Pei, Christopher M. Zallek, E. Hsiao-Wecksler","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1072","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Ankle (or Achilles) tendon reflex is commonly assessed in a neurological examination. For a clinician trainee to master the correct assessment technique of Achilles tendon reflex and to be able to distinguish among various reflex activity levels indicating health or abnormality, repetitive training and practice are necessary. We propose to develop a robotic medical education training simulator that would generate a realistic reflex behavior depending on the simulated reflex activity level selected when given a tendon tap assessment. This development was based on an existing ankle-foot simulator [5]. A modified sensing system is still under development. In this paper, a reflex model was developed to estimate the ankle reflexive torque based on the input tap force. This reflex model prediction was validated in simulation and then implemented into our robotic simulator prototype. Preliminary benchtop results demonstrated that our simulator was able to accurately deliver the reflexive torque pattern required to simulate the clinical reflex movement to the trainee.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133083370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Courtney Backstrom, Abhishek Chandra, Joseph Hale, Dan Mooradian
The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally altered the pedagogical approach to education at every level of training, including at the undergraduate level and graduate or professional level. These unprecedented times have tested academic resilience, agility, creativity, and adaptability in all aspects, including inventive alternative teaching methods. With an increasing reliance on virtual instruction, self-directed learning, and hybrid models of instruction, certain approaches of hands-on training, practice-based learning, and evaluation have had to evolve. The University of Minnesota’s Master of Medical Device Innovation students are typically immersed in clinical environments through physician shadowing in the operating room, evaluating unmet needs and untapped areas of potential innovation. Engineers who can immerse themselves in surgical education, shadowing, and frontline medical experience can better appreciate, recognize, and enhance current medical technologies and processes. With the OR case restrictions in the era of COVID-19, these learners were faced with limited clinical exposure and thus limited familiarity with the dynamics and processes of clinical practice. As such not only education, but the functioning of the entire industry is stunted. From an instructive perspective, this creates a challenge for students attempting to generate relevant and feasible practicum ideas, accurate prototypes, and offers fewer opportunities to develop these ideas alongside the experts and medical professionals - the target audience. Simulation education provides a means for students to engage with clinical practice in a meaningful way that bridges the gap between clinical exposure and virtual learning. A hands-on approach in which students were able to practice fundamental surgical skills of suturing, knot-tying, and the basics of laparoscopy. Learners were offered three didactic workshop sessions that introduced these skills and then were given opportunities to perform with supervision from expert educators. Low-cost, low-fidelity models of pertinent anatomy and physiology provided students an immersive experience that allowed them to develop a deeper understanding of interventional skills. Three two hour-long sessions of guided skills practice on low-cost simulators were attended by the 2022 Masters of Medical Device Innovation cohort and subjective measures of their understanding of the fundamental concepts were evaluated. High-level findings of these workshops suggest that simulation education is an effective tool in advancing the baseline understanding of surgical principles as opposed to virtual instruction and may offer some further benefit, not possible even through clinical shadowing itself.
{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Simulation Education for University of Minnesota Master of Medical Device Innovation Students in a Post-COVID World","authors":"Courtney Backstrom, Abhishek Chandra, Joseph Hale, Dan Mooradian","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1066","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally altered the pedagogical approach to education at every level of training, including at the undergraduate level and graduate or professional level. These unprecedented times have tested academic resilience, agility, creativity, and adaptability in all aspects, including inventive alternative teaching methods. With an increasing reliance on virtual instruction, self-directed learning, and hybrid models of instruction, certain approaches of hands-on training, practice-based learning, and evaluation have had to evolve.\u0000 The University of Minnesota’s Master of Medical Device Innovation students are typically immersed in clinical environments through physician shadowing in the operating room, evaluating unmet needs and untapped areas of potential innovation. Engineers who can immerse themselves in surgical education, shadowing, and frontline medical experience can better appreciate, recognize, and enhance current medical technologies and processes. With the OR case restrictions in the era of COVID-19, these learners were faced with limited clinical exposure and thus limited familiarity with the dynamics and processes of clinical practice. As such not only education, but the functioning of the entire industry is stunted. From an instructive perspective, this creates a challenge for students attempting to generate relevant and feasible practicum ideas, accurate prototypes, and offers fewer opportunities to develop these ideas alongside the experts and medical professionals - the target audience.\u0000 Simulation education provides a means for students to engage with clinical practice in a meaningful way that bridges the gap between clinical exposure and virtual learning. A hands-on approach in which students were able to practice fundamental surgical skills of suturing, knot-tying, and the basics of laparoscopy.\u0000 Learners were offered three didactic workshop sessions that introduced these skills and then were given opportunities to perform with supervision from expert educators. Low-cost, low-fidelity models of pertinent anatomy and physiology provided students an immersive experience that allowed them to develop a deeper understanding of interventional skills. Three two hour-long sessions of guided skills practice on low-cost simulators were attended by the 2022 Masters of Medical Device Innovation cohort and subjective measures of their understanding of the fundamental concepts were evaluated.\u0000 High-level findings of these workshops suggest that simulation education is an effective tool in advancing the baseline understanding of surgical principles as opposed to virtual instruction and may offer some further benefit, not possible even through clinical shadowing itself.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133864681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saira Hussain, Yuqi Zhou, Ruiji Liu, E. Pauli, R. Haluck, B. Fell, J. Moore
Colonoscopy procedures are commonly performed to screen the colon for cancer-causing polyps. These procedures require highly trained practitioners and extensive training is necessary to perform proficiently. The Endoscopic Control Assessment System (ECAS) was developed to train and assess practitioners using a magnetic tracker and camera imaging. The magnetic tracker is used to track the tip motion of an endoscope during the insertion and retraction procedure of colonoscopy. In addition, camera imaging is used to track the angle of the control knobs during the procedure. The colon deflection of a manikin during a colonoscopy was successfully tracked to be averaged as 31, 54, and 10 mm for the three trials. Visual processing showed the control knob motion could be successfully tracked during a manikin colonoscopy procedure. The ECAS system was shown to be able to successfully measure user inputs during a manikin procedure.
{"title":"Evaluation of Endoscope Control Assessment System","authors":"Saira Hussain, Yuqi Zhou, Ruiji Liu, E. Pauli, R. Haluck, B. Fell, J. Moore","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Colonoscopy procedures are commonly performed to screen the colon for cancer-causing polyps. These procedures require highly trained practitioners and extensive training is necessary to perform proficiently. The Endoscopic Control Assessment System (ECAS) was developed to train and assess practitioners using a magnetic tracker and camera imaging. The magnetic tracker is used to track the tip motion of an endoscope during the insertion and retraction procedure of colonoscopy. In addition, camera imaging is used to track the angle of the control knobs during the procedure. The colon deflection of a manikin during a colonoscopy was successfully tracked to be averaged as 31, 54, and 10 mm for the three trials. Visual processing showed the control knob motion could be successfully tracked during a manikin colonoscopy procedure. The ECAS system was shown to be able to successfully measure user inputs during a manikin procedure.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133049652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mugdha Tasgaonkar, Maneesh Shrivastav, Michael Brandt
An essential component of innovation for medical devices is a comprehensive market sizing assessment. This evaluation is useful for creating a solid business case and understanding market potential. This project involves the development of an online medical information dashboard for rapid market sizing assessments using business intelligence tools. A Spotfire front end was paired with a robust SQL database with market information. A visually appealing, simple, and clickable user interface was developed. This tool is designed with the technologist in mind and has value in the early prototyping stages of innovative new medical therapies.
{"title":"Fueling Innovation For Medical Devices: An Interactive Market Visualization Studio For Rapid Assessment Of Healthcare Opportunities","authors":"Mugdha Tasgaonkar, Maneesh Shrivastav, Michael Brandt","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An essential component of innovation for medical devices is a comprehensive market sizing assessment. This evaluation is useful for creating a solid business case and understanding market potential. This project involves the development of an online medical information dashboard for rapid market sizing assessments using business intelligence tools. A Spotfire front end was paired with a robust SQL database with market information. A visually appealing, simple, and clickable user interface was developed. This tool is designed with the technologist in mind and has value in the early prototyping stages of innovative new medical therapies.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"761 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116411198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lahcen Akerkouch, T. Le, Haneesh Jasuja, K. Katti, D. Katti
Our study aims to identify the role of fluid flow in the growth of human bone cancer cells during metastasis. In our experiments, the cancer cells are seeded on the surface of cylindrical scaffolds in a bioreactor. The flow is laminar flow, which mimics the physiological conditions of the human body. A full-scale 3D high-resolution computational mesh of scaffold was created based on the physical scaffold's Micro-CT scans using open-source imaging software Slicer3D and Meshmixer. To investigate the influences of the flow on the seeded cells, we performed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations with the immersed boundary method (Gilmanov, Le, Sotiropoulos, JCP 300, 1, 2015). The computational domain was generated using the commercial software Gridgen. Our results show that the fluid flow velocity is highly dependent on the shape and pore sizes. In addition, the magnitude of the velocity on the surface where the cells are seeded is in between [0-0.05] μm/sallowing the cells to grow without being detached from the surface of the scaffold. Our future work will focus on (i) investigating the role of the shear stress on the distribution and orientation of the cancer cells. (ii) Simulating multiple scaffolds within the bioreactor to further quantify the impact of the gap on the flow velocity and shear.
我们的研究旨在确定液体流动在人骨癌细胞转移过程中生长的作用。在我们的实验中，癌细胞被植入生物反应器的圆柱形支架表面。这种流动是层流，它模仿人体的生理状况。基于实体支架的Micro-CT扫描，利用开源成像软件Slicer3D和Meshmixer创建全尺寸三维高分辨率支架计算网格。为了研究流动对种子细胞的影响，我们使用浸入边界法进行了计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟(Gilmanov, Le, Sotiropoulos, JCP 300, 1, 2015)。利用商业软件Gridgen生成计算域。我们的研究结果表明，流体的流动速度高度依赖于形状和孔径。此外，细胞播种表面的速度大小在[0-0.05]μm/之间，允许细胞在不脱离支架表面的情况下生长。我们未来的工作将集中在(1)研究剪切应力对癌细胞分布和取向的作用。(ii)模拟生物反应器内的多个支架，进一步量化间隙对流速和剪切的影响。
{"title":"On the Impacts of Flow on the Migration and Growth of Cancer Cells","authors":"Lahcen Akerkouch, T. Le, Haneesh Jasuja, K. Katti, D. Katti","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1050","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Our study aims to identify the role of fluid flow in the growth of human bone cancer cells during metastasis. In our experiments, the cancer cells are seeded on the surface of cylindrical scaffolds in a bioreactor. The flow is laminar flow, which mimics the physiological conditions of the human body. A full-scale 3D high-resolution computational mesh of scaffold was created based on the physical scaffold's Micro-CT scans using open-source imaging software Slicer3D and Meshmixer. To investigate the influences of the flow on the seeded cells, we performed Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations with the immersed boundary method (Gilmanov, Le, Sotiropoulos, JCP 300, 1, 2015). The computational domain was generated using the commercial software Gridgen. Our results show that the fluid flow velocity is highly dependent on the shape and pore sizes. In addition, the magnitude of the velocity on the surface where the cells are seeded is in between [0-0.05] μm/sallowing the cells to grow without being detached from the surface of the scaffold. Our future work will focus on (i) investigating the role of the shear stress on the distribution and orientation of the cancer cells. (ii) Simulating multiple scaffolds within the bioreactor to further quantify the impact of the gap on the flow velocity and shear.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122045060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Griffin Mess, Rasika Thombre, Max J. Kerensky, Eli Curry, Fariba Abhabaglou, S. Alomari, H. Brem, N. Theodore, B. Tyler, A. Manbachi
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain cancer with low overall survival. Therefore, researchers are looking to augment its current therapeutic regimen, which includes surgical tumor resection, chemotherapy and radiation. A promising treatment modality, focused ultrasound, has been used as a non-invasive treatment for GBM through multiple approaches such as thermal ablation, immunomodulation, and blood brain barrier disruption. In order to develop these treatments for clinical trials, testing in animal models needs to be performed to investigate the efficacy of the treatment in complex biological environments, as well as to evaluate any side-effects. The more biologically relevant the animal model is to human anatomy, the more applicable the results will be for translation to clinical trials. Here, we report a human GBM rat model, which utilizes an IDH-wildtype, EGFRvIII mutant patient-derived xenograft in athymic rats. The in vivo tumor growth rate was assessed over a period of 20 days to evaluate reproducibility and to develop the model for future testing of FUS in the treatment of GBM.
{"title":"Designing a Murine Model of Human Glioblastoma Brain Tumor: Development of a Platform for Validation Using Ultrasound Elastography","authors":"Griffin Mess, Rasika Thombre, Max J. Kerensky, Eli Curry, Fariba Abhabaglou, S. Alomari, H. Brem, N. Theodore, B. Tyler, A. Manbachi","doi":"10.1115/dmd2022-1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain cancer with low overall survival. Therefore, researchers are looking to augment its current therapeutic regimen, which includes surgical tumor resection, chemotherapy and radiation. A promising treatment modality, focused ultrasound, has been used as a non-invasive treatment for GBM through multiple approaches such as thermal ablation, immunomodulation, and blood brain barrier disruption. In order to develop these treatments for clinical trials, testing in animal models needs to be performed to investigate the efficacy of the treatment in complex biological environments, as well as to evaluate any side-effects. The more biologically relevant the animal model is to human anatomy, the more applicable the results will be for translation to clinical trials. Here, we report a human GBM rat model, which utilizes an IDH-wildtype, EGFRvIII mutant patient-derived xenograft in athymic rats. The in vivo tumor growth rate was assessed over a period of 20 days to evaluate reproducibility and to develop the model for future testing of FUS in the treatment of GBM.","PeriodicalId":236105,"journal":{"name":"2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127372228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehdi Jahandardoost, D. Grecov, Donald Ricci, A. Milani, Y. Hsiang
Cerebral aneurysm (CA) is an abnormal dilation of the cerebral arterial wall, which accounts for more than half a million deaths each year worldwide. Flow diverters (FDs) represent one method recently developed in treating CAs. Typically, they do not need coiling (releasing micro-coils within the aneurysm) and act purely to prevent substantial blood inflow into the aneurysm. In collaboration with Evasc Neurovascular Enterprises (Vancouver, Canada), whose area of expertise is developing novel CA therapies, we have developed a novel FD for the treatment of bifurcation CAs with fusiform-like properties involving the confluence of the main and daughter branches. To the best of authors’ knowledge, currently there is no device for an effective treatment of such complex aneurysms. Through a stepwise design modification process and utilizing CFD modeling, we have developed a new design for the Evasc FD (eCLIPs) with improved hemodynamics, which is characterized by more than 30% reduction in the aneurysm inflow and wall shear stress (WSS) for the new implant design over eCLIPs for this subset of aneurysms. The new device design, modified-design eCLIPs (MD-eCLIPs), can represent the only device available for the treatment of such CAs with fusiform pathology.
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