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2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)最新文献

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Satellite-derived Time for Enhanced Telecom Networks Synchronization: the ROOT Project 用于增强电信网络同步的卫星衍生时间:ROOT项目
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511780
M. Pini, Alex Minetto, Andrea Vesco, D. Berbecaru, L. M. C. Murillo, P. Nemry, Ivan De Francesca, B. Rat, K. Callewaert
Satellite-derived timing information plays a determinant role in the provisioning of an absolute time reference to telecommunications networks, as well as in a growing set of other critical infrastructures. In light of the stringent requirements in terms of time, frequency, and phase synchronization foreseen in upcoming access network architectures (i.e., 5G), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers are expected to ensure enhanced accuracy and reliability not only in positioning but also in timing. High-end GNSS timing receivers combined with terrestrial cesium clocks and specific transport protocols can indeed satisfy such synchronization requirements by granting sub-nanosecond accuracy. As a drawback, the network infrastructure can be exposed to accidental interferences and intentional cyber-attacks. Within this framework, the ROOT project investigates the effectiveness and robustness of innovative countermeasures to GNSS and cybersecurity threats within a reference network architecture.
卫星获得的授时信息在提供电信网络的绝对时间参考方面以及在越来越多的其他关键基础设施中起着决定性作用。鉴于即将到来的接入网架构(即5G)对时间、频率和相位同步的严格要求,全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收机不仅在定位方面,而且在授时方面都有望确保更高的精度和可靠性。高端GNSS授时接收器结合地面铯原子钟和特定传输协议确实可以通过提供亚纳秒精度来满足这种同步要求。作为一个缺点,网络基础设施可能会受到意外干扰和故意的网络攻击。在此框架内,ROOT项目研究了参考网络架构中针对GNSS和网络安全威胁的创新对策的有效性和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 10
Fluxgate Magnetometers Application Onboard UAVs Features 磁通门磁强计应用机载无人机的特点
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511730
F. Dudkin, V. Pronenko, V. Korepanov
The operation of flux-gate magnetometers (FGMs) onboard moving carriers faces several difficulties that limit their application in geophysics. Specifically, when FGM is used onboard UAV (such as drone) it has essential space rotation. As we show in the paper, it may create interference up to the value overcoming the useful signal. We show that the obstacles limiting the FGM sensitivity threshold are the FGM axes non-orthogonality and its sensors transformation factor non-uniformity. A possible solution of this problem is proposed: not to try to make these values as small as possible, but to determine them after production at thorough calibration and then use them at data processing. A new method to determine the real FGM channels mutual orthogonality deflection and transformation factors non-identity with given precision is described and experimentally confirmed.
磁通门磁强计在移动载波上的操作面临着一些困难,限制了其在地球物理中的应用。具体来说,当女性生殖器切割在无人机(如无人机)上使用时,它具有必要的空间旋转。正如我们在文中所展示的那样,它可能产生的干扰达到了克服有用信号的值。研究表明,限制FGM灵敏度阈值的障碍是FGM轴的非正交性和传感器变换因子的不均匀性。提出了一种可能的解决方案:不要试图使这些值尽可能小,而是在生产后进行彻底校准时确定它们,然后在数据处理中使用它们。提出了一种确定真实FGM通道相互正交度、挠度和变换因子不同一性的新方法,并在给定精度下进行了实验验证。
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引用次数: 1
mmWave Radar Features Extraction of Drones for Machine Learning Classification 基于机器学习分类的无人机毫米波雷达特征提取
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511703
Gianluca Ciattaglia, Giulia Temperini, S. Spinsante, E. Gambi
With the progressive reduction of cost, in the market it is possible to find a very large assortment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) that are used in general for non-warlike activities. Unfortunately, it may happen that malicious subjects use these objects to cause damage or inconvenience, then the availability of solutions to predict these situations can be crucial for alerting the population and saving lives. In this work, we present a technique to identify drones from their micro-Doppler features, by analyzing their variations during the flight. The characterization of the features and how they evolve in time is useful to predict dangerous situations and classify the drone type, with the help of Machine Learning techniques.
随着成本的逐步降低,在市场上有可能找到一种非常大的无人驾驶飞行器(UAV),通常用于非战争活动。不幸的是,恶意主体可能会使用这些对象造成损害或不便,那么预测这些情况的解决方案的可用性对于提醒人们和挽救生命至关重要。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种技术,通过分析它们在飞行过程中的变化,从它们的微多普勒特征中识别无人机。在机器学习技术的帮助下,特征的表征及其随时间的演变对于预测危险情况和对无人机类型进行分类是有用的。
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引用次数: 2
Experimental Analysis of Structured Covariance Estimators with Missing data 缺失数据下结构化协方差估计的实验分析
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511731
M. Rosamilia, A. Aubry, V. Carotenuto, A. De Maio
The problem of missing sensor measurements can emerge in a variety of radar signal processing applications as for instance beamforming, direction of arrival estimation, interference cancellation, and target detection. The mentioned applications rely on reliable data covariance matrix estimates and suitable procedures, based on the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, have been proposed in the open literature to cope with the lack of some entries within specific spatial snapshots. In this paper, the effectiveness of a recent structured covariance matrix estimator [1], accounting for missing data and leveraging possible structural knowledge, is assessed on measured data. Specifically, the estimation procedure is framed in the context of two practically relevant radar applications: beamforming and detection of the number of sources. At the analysis stage, results highlight the effectiveness of the procedure to tackle missing data in the considered radar scenarios.
在各种雷达信号处理应用中都会出现传感器测量缺失的问题,例如波束形成、到达方向估计、干扰消除和目标检测。上述应用依赖于可靠的数据协方差矩阵估计和基于期望最大化(EM)算法的适当程序,已在公开文献中提出,以应对特定空间快照中某些条目的缺乏。本文在测量数据上评估了最近的结构化协方差矩阵估计器[1]的有效性,该估计器考虑了缺失数据并利用了可能的结构知识。具体来说,估计过程是在两个实际相关的雷达应用背景下进行的:波束形成和源数量的检测。在分析阶段,结果强调了在考虑的雷达场景中处理丢失数据的程序的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Shape Memory Alloy-based actuator: experimental and modelling 基于形状记忆合金的致动器:实验与建模
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511770
A. Riccio, S. Saputo, M. Zarrelli, A. Sellitto, Carmine Napolitano, V. Acanfora
In this work, an experimental characterization of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) springs was carried-out to assess the efficiency of simple analytical procedure for a preliminary design of Shape Memory Alloy-based spring actuators. Two static analytical models were considered recursively, respectively to determine SMA material properties by accurate tensile experimental test and to identify the optimized geometrical characteristic of SMA-bias spring-based unit for a specific feasible mini-actuator for vehicle moveable part. The final extra-force and displacement of the actuator was validated at different temperature above transformation temperature to assess the limitation of the implemented procedure.
在这项工作中,对形状记忆合金(SMA)弹簧进行了实验表征,以评估基于形状记忆合金的弹簧执行器初步设计的简单分析程序的效率。递归考虑两种静态分析模型,分别通过精确的拉伸实验测试确定SMA材料的性能,并确定SMA偏置弹簧单元的优化几何特性,用于特定可行的汽车可动件微型驱动器。在高于变形温度的不同温度下,对执行器的最终外力和位移进行了验证,以评估实施程序的局限性。
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引用次数: 1
Mechanical and morphological characterization of 3D-printed carbonPEEK composite for avionic shimming 3d打印航空电子闪光用碳聚醚醚酮复合材料的力学和形态表征
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511708
P. Russo, A. Langella, G. Leone, G. D'Angelo, P. Ferraro, V. Pagliarulo
In aerospace, it is of great interest to identify safe and low-cost manufacturing procedures to guarantee reliable and functional products. In this perspective, 3D printing is a fast and low-cost innovative technique to produce fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites. This new technology, among other, forms short fiber composite that can be used as a shim material to fill voids left by manufacturing defects. The purpose of this work is to characterize reinforced composites developed for these applications and obtained with the innovative 3D printing technique.
在航空航天领域,确定安全和低成本的制造程序以保证产品的可靠性和功能性是非常重要的。从这个角度来看,3D打印是一种快速、低成本的创新技术,可以生产纤维增强聚合物基复合材料。在其他技术中,这种新技术可以形成短纤维复合材料,可以用作填充物,填补制造缺陷留下的空隙。这项工作的目的是表征为这些应用开发的增强复合材料,并通过创新的3D打印技术获得。
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引用次数: 2
Ensuring the Survivability of Spacecraft Control System at Critical Failures in Flywheel Cluster 飞轮群关键故障下航天器控制系统的生存保障
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511776
Y. Somov, S. Butyrin, S. Somov
A method for ensuring the survivability of a spacecraft attitude control system with minimally redundant cluster of the flywheels and magnetic actuator at the faults of any flywheels are presented. The results of computer simulation were obtained and it was found if any two of the four flywheels according to the General Electric scheme fail, digital control of the flywheel cluster and magnetic drive allows the Earth-observing satellite to maintain observation of given terrestrial targets.
提出了一种在任意飞轮出现故障时,保证航天器姿态控制系统最小冗余度飞轮和磁致动器簇的生存能力的方法。计算机仿真结果表明,如果通用电气方案的四个飞轮中的任何两个发生故障,对飞轮群和磁驱动的数字控制可以使地球观测卫星保持对给定地面目标的观测。
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引用次数: 0
A deployable and inflatable robotic arm concept for aerospace applications 用于航空航天应用的可展开和可充气机械臂概念
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511654
Pierpaolo Palmieri, Matteo Gaidano, Mario Troise, Laura Salamina, Andrea Ruggeri, S. Mauro
The interest in soft systems for space missions represents a growing trend in recent years. The development of inflatable robots, combined with the improvement of deployment mechanisms, allows to build novel lightweight and deployable robotic manipulators. In several space applications, the use of soft robots could minimize bulk and mass, reducing space mission costs. The main challenges in soft robotics are the control of the system and the exertion of high forces. In this manuscript, the concept of an inflatable manipulator with two inflatable links and three degrees of freedom is proposed. After a review about the possible materials to be used for the inflatable parts, the robot mechanical structure, the deploying strategy and the pneumatic line are presented. Then, an elastostatic approach is proposed to model the robot with the aim of developing its control. The last section shows preliminary experimental tests performed on the link prototype with the purpose to evaluate a static characterization in relation to the supplied pressure. Results suggest the validity of the adopted approach to model the system and clarify the pressure influence about the system performances. The study puts the basis for the development of the first prototype of the robotic system.
近年来,对空间任务软系统的兴趣呈现出日益增长的趋势。充气机器人的发展,结合部署机制的改进,可以构建新型的轻量化和可部署的机器人操纵器。在一些空间应用中,使用软机器人可以最大限度地减少体积和质量,从而降低空间任务成本。软机器人的主要挑战是系统的控制和大力的发挥。本文提出了一种具有两个充气连杆和三个自由度的充气机械手的概念。在对充气部件可能使用的材料进行综述后,给出了机器人的机械结构、展开策略和气动线路。然后,提出了一种弹性静力学方法来对机器人进行建模,目的是开发其控制。最后一节显示了在连杆原型上进行的初步实验测试,目的是评估与供应压力有关的静态特性。结果表明,所采用的方法对系统建模是有效的,并阐明了压力对系统性能的影响。该研究为开发机器人系统的第一个原型奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 3
SDR Based X-Band University Ground Station as Remote Sensing Technologies Learning Environment 基于SDR的x波段大学地面站遥感技术学习环境
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511743
S. Liashkevich, V. Saetchnikov
The paper is devoted to the development of effective collaborative teaching and learning environment at the base of X-band university ground station for receiving weather satellites images. The purpose of the paper is to understand the process, technical and practical aspects of building ground-station for educational purposes. Open source design of ground station allow to form cooperation, where the final product is designed by the students. The proposed ground station is capable of tracking NOAA-20, Suomi-NPP, Terra, Aqua and other low orbit X-band operating satellites. The images presented reflect the results of ground station operation and show reasonably good quality.
本文研究了x波段高校地面站气象卫星图像接收基地高效协同教学环境的开发。本文的目的是了解建设教育地面站的过程、技术和实践方面。地面站的开源设计允许形成合作,最终产品由学生设计。拟议的地面站能够跟踪NOAA-20、Suomi-NPP、Terra、Aqua和其他低轨道x波段运行卫星。所提供的图像反映了地面站的运行结果,显示出较好的质量。
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引用次数: 2
Space tethers: parameters reconstructions and tests 空间缆绳:参数重建和测试
Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511677
A. Brunello, L. Olivieri, G. Sarego, A. Valmorbida, Enrico Lungavia, E. Lorenzini
In the last several years, the need for an alternative to chemical propulsive systems for low-orbit satellite deorbiting has become increasingly evident; a Tethered System can provide adequate thrust or drag without the complications of combustions and with a minimal impact on the environment. In this context, the authors are part of a team that is studying various tether applications and building a prototype of an electrodynamic tether system. The goal of this paper is to characterize tether materials in order to find valid solutions for future space tether missions. Mission requirements (e.g., the survivability to hypervelocity impacts and the capability to damp oscillations in electrodynamic tethers) influence the choice of tether parameters such as cross section geometry (round wires or tapes), materials, length, and cross section sizes. The determination of the elastic characteristics and damping coefficients is carried out through a campaign of experiments conducted with both direct stress/strain measurements and the laboratory facility SPAcecRraft Testbed for Autonomous proximity operatioNs experimentS (SPARTANS) on a low friction table at the University of Padova. In the latter case, the stiffness and damping of a flexible line were verified by applying different tensile load profiles and then measuring the tether-line dynamic response in terms of tension spike amplitude, oscillation decay, and estimation of the damping coefficient.
在过去几年中,越来越明显地需要一种替代化学推进系统的低轨道卫星脱离轨道;系留系统可以提供足够的推力或阻力,而不会产生燃烧的并发症,并且对环境的影响最小。在这种情况下,作者是一个团队的一部分,该团队正在研究各种系绳的应用,并建立一个电动系绳系统的原型。本文的目的是表征系绳材料,以便为未来的空间系绳任务找到有效的解决方案。任务要求(例如,超高速撞击的生存能力和抑制电动系绳振荡的能力)影响系绳参数的选择,如截面几何形状(圆线或胶带)、材料、长度和截面尺寸。弹性特性和阻尼系数的确定是通过直接应力/应变测量和实验室设施航天器自主接近操作实验试验台(SPARTANS)在帕多瓦大学的低摩擦台上进行的一系列实验来进行的。在后一种情况下,通过施加不同的拉伸载荷剖面,然后根据张力峰值幅度、振荡衰减和阻尼系数估计测量系绳的动态响应,验证了柔性线的刚度和阻尼。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)
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