Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511752
P. SkalskI
In this paper the comprehensive review of the research and development done on different constructions and concepts of stratospheric airships. The stratosphere, with the characteristic of stable atmosphere and weakly vertical convection, is the ideal location to deploy, aerial platforms. Therefore, study in the stratospheric airship becomes the focus in many countries in recent years. There has been worldwide interest in stratospheric airships and many projects have been launched. Through the researches and experiments of these projects, it is known that the wind-resistant dynamic positioning is the key problem for long-endurance station keeping, which is closely related to the airship aerodynamics. Therefore, the aerodynamic design of stratospheric airships has attracted many aerospace engineers to explore it. The application of stratospheric airships involves land and resources observation, ocean monitoring, space observation, atmosphere measurement, environmental protection, military reconnaissance and surveillance, etc. Stratospheric airship, as one of the important development direction of future aircraft, would meet the demand of diurnal cycle ultra-long duration flight. In this paper the comprehensive review of the research and development done on different constructions and concepts of stratospheric airships. The stratosphere, with the characteristic of stable atmosphere and weakly vertical convection, is the ideal location to deploy, aerial platforms. Therefore, study in the stratospheric airship becomes the focus in many countries in recent years. There has been worldwide interest in stratospheric airships and many projects have been launched. Through the researches and experiments of these projects, it is known that the wind-resistant dynamic positioning is the key problem for long-endurance station keeping, which is closely related to the airship aerodynamics. Therefore, the aerodynamic design of stratospheric airships has attracted many aerospace engineers to explore it. The application of stratospheric airships involves land and resources observation, ocean monitoring, space observation, atmosphere measurement, environmental protection, military reconnaissance and surveillance, etc. Stratospheric airship, as one of the important development direction of future aircraft, would meet the demand of diurnal cycle ultra-long duration flight.
{"title":"Design and Energy Systems of Stratospheric Airships","authors":"P. SkalskI","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511752","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the comprehensive review of the research and development done on different constructions and concepts of stratospheric airships. The stratosphere, with the characteristic of stable atmosphere and weakly vertical convection, is the ideal location to deploy, aerial platforms. Therefore, study in the stratospheric airship becomes the focus in many countries in recent years. There has been worldwide interest in stratospheric airships and many projects have been launched. Through the researches and experiments of these projects, it is known that the wind-resistant dynamic positioning is the key problem for long-endurance station keeping, which is closely related to the airship aerodynamics. Therefore, the aerodynamic design of stratospheric airships has attracted many aerospace engineers to explore it. The application of stratospheric airships involves land and resources observation, ocean monitoring, space observation, atmosphere measurement, environmental protection, military reconnaissance and surveillance, etc. Stratospheric airship, as one of the important development direction of future aircraft, would meet the demand of diurnal cycle ultra-long duration flight. In this paper the comprehensive review of the research and development done on different constructions and concepts of stratospheric airships. The stratosphere, with the characteristic of stable atmosphere and weakly vertical convection, is the ideal location to deploy, aerial platforms. Therefore, study in the stratospheric airship becomes the focus in many countries in recent years. There has been worldwide interest in stratospheric airships and many projects have been launched. Through the researches and experiments of these projects, it is known that the wind-resistant dynamic positioning is the key problem for long-endurance station keeping, which is closely related to the airship aerodynamics. Therefore, the aerodynamic design of stratospheric airships has attracted many aerospace engineers to explore it. The application of stratospheric airships involves land and resources observation, ocean monitoring, space observation, atmosphere measurement, environmental protection, military reconnaissance and surveillance, etc. Stratospheric airship, as one of the important development direction of future aircraft, would meet the demand of diurnal cycle ultra-long duration flight.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121769541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511728
Federico Toson, Dumitrita Sandu, L. Vitali, Andrea Conte, Daniele Panariti, L. Olivieri
Air pollution is an increasingly debated and relevant topic; recent natural disasters define the need to study and intervene for environmental protection. To date, atmospheric studies are mainly satellite-based and static at ground level. O-Zone Team was set up based on this state of the art to encourage technological development regarding dynamic sampling analysis. This paper introduces the O-Zone experiment and describes the system employed in pollutants detection; details are provided on sensors metrology and samples analysis.
{"title":"Monitoring of air pollutants using a stratospheric balloon","authors":"Federico Toson, Dumitrita Sandu, L. Vitali, Andrea Conte, Daniele Panariti, L. Olivieri","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511728","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is an increasingly debated and relevant topic; recent natural disasters define the need to study and intervene for environmental protection. To date, atmospheric studies are mainly satellite-based and static at ground level. O-Zone Team was set up based on this state of the art to encourage technological development regarding dynamic sampling analysis. This paper introduces the O-Zone experiment and describes the system employed in pollutants detection; details are provided on sensors metrology and samples analysis.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125595978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511678
L. Barilaro, C. Falsetti, L. Olivieri, C. Giacomuzzo, A. Francesconi, P. Beard, R. Camilleri
The ever-increasing number of earth-orbiting spacecraft and related space junk is resulting in a dramatic rise in the risk of space debris impacting and damaging satellites and thereby negatively affecting the regular execution of several services provided by space-borne infrastructures. In the past years, the satellite market experienced a paradigm shift with the rise of small satellites and constellations formed by hundreds of satellites. It is anticipated that by the end of this decade, more than a thousand satellites per year will be launched, representing a potential market of more than $300 billion. With continued miniaturization of devices and the evolution of new mission requirements that rely on advanced sensor technology, future spacecraft will have an increasing density of devices and sensors. Moreover, a great research effort is required to improve the efficiency and reduce the weight of spacecraft shields. One route to achieve these goals is developing smart shields able to estimate the level of damage following the impact. In this context, the paper investigates a proof of concept based on the design, manufacture and testing of a measurement system, based on Thin Film Heat Flux Gauges (TFHFG), to assess the damage posed by orbital debris to the satellite shields upon Hyper Velocity Impacts (HVI). The system aims to measure the local increase in shield temperature, which is correlated to the kinetic energy of the debris. Following design and manufacturing, the proposed sensors were calibrated and mounted on a ductile aluminum alloy target, representative of the spacecraft shields, and subjected to a campaign of HVI tests. The results highlight that the signal is composed by the mechanical and thermal contribution, with a dominant mechanical factor.
{"title":"A conceptual study to characterize properties of space debris from hypervelocity impacts through Thin Film Heat Flux Gauges","authors":"L. Barilaro, C. Falsetti, L. Olivieri, C. Giacomuzzo, A. Francesconi, P. Beard, R. Camilleri","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511678","url":null,"abstract":"The ever-increasing number of earth-orbiting spacecraft and related space junk is resulting in a dramatic rise in the risk of space debris impacting and damaging satellites and thereby negatively affecting the regular execution of several services provided by space-borne infrastructures. In the past years, the satellite market experienced a paradigm shift with the rise of small satellites and constellations formed by hundreds of satellites. It is anticipated that by the end of this decade, more than a thousand satellites per year will be launched, representing a potential market of more than $300 billion. With continued miniaturization of devices and the evolution of new mission requirements that rely on advanced sensor technology, future spacecraft will have an increasing density of devices and sensors. Moreover, a great research effort is required to improve the efficiency and reduce the weight of spacecraft shields. One route to achieve these goals is developing smart shields able to estimate the level of damage following the impact. In this context, the paper investigates a proof of concept based on the design, manufacture and testing of a measurement system, based on Thin Film Heat Flux Gauges (TFHFG), to assess the damage posed by orbital debris to the satellite shields upon Hyper Velocity Impacts (HVI). The system aims to measure the local increase in shield temperature, which is correlated to the kinetic energy of the debris. Following design and manufacturing, the proposed sensors were calibrated and mounted on a ductile aluminum alloy target, representative of the spacecraft shields, and subjected to a campaign of HVI tests. The results highlight that the signal is composed by the mechanical and thermal contribution, with a dominant mechanical factor.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"500 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116568898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511727
Ye Yang, Yan Jin, M. Price, Gasser Abdelal, Colm Higgins, P. Maropoulos
Point cloud registration is necessary to join multiple laser scanned data, but researchers have not treated point cloud registration in aircraft assembly in much detail. When applying laser scan metrology into industries, the effects of registration uncertainty on high precision assembly accuracy are not negligible. Based on the use of laser scanner and commercial software PolyWorks, this study investigates the registration uncertainty between part-level and assembly-level point cloud data in aircraft wing assembly. A spar-and-skin assembly with sphere artefacts is used as a case study. Registration uncertainty in gap measurement is also investigated. Results show that: (1) the use of sphere artefacts cannot improve registration accuracy in PolyWorks, but can improve efficiency. (2) Registration process could bring errors and these errors would be affected by the parameters settings during data processing. (3) Systematic errors would be associated with both part-level and assembly-level measurements, and calibration should be applied to eliminate their effects on the measurement of the desired dimensions, i.e. the gap size in this case. It is concluded that laser scanner and computational software can be used for high precision assembly, and evaluating registration uncertainty is a crucial step to improve assembly accuracy.
{"title":"Investigation of point cloud registration uncertainty for gap measurement of aircraft wing assembly","authors":"Ye Yang, Yan Jin, M. Price, Gasser Abdelal, Colm Higgins, P. Maropoulos","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511727","url":null,"abstract":"Point cloud registration is necessary to join multiple laser scanned data, but researchers have not treated point cloud registration in aircraft assembly in much detail. When applying laser scan metrology into industries, the effects of registration uncertainty on high precision assembly accuracy are not negligible. Based on the use of laser scanner and commercial software PolyWorks, this study investigates the registration uncertainty between part-level and assembly-level point cloud data in aircraft wing assembly. A spar-and-skin assembly with sphere artefacts is used as a case study. Registration uncertainty in gap measurement is also investigated. Results show that: (1) the use of sphere artefacts cannot improve registration accuracy in PolyWorks, but can improve efficiency. (2) Registration process could bring errors and these errors would be affected by the parameters settings during data processing. (3) Systematic errors would be associated with both part-level and assembly-level measurements, and calibration should be applied to eliminate their effects on the measurement of the desired dimensions, i.e. the gap size in this case. It is concluded that laser scanner and computational software can be used for high precision assembly, and evaluating registration uncertainty is a crucial step to improve assembly accuracy.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131184901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511702
Gaetano Quattrocchi, M. D. Dalla Vedova, Emanuele Frediani, P. Maggiore, P. Berri
Real-time health monitoring of mechatronic onboard systems often involves model-based approaches comparing measured (physical) signals with numerical models or statistical data. This approach often requires the accurate measurement of specific physical quantities characterizing the state of the real system, the command inputs, and the various boundary conditions that can act as sources of disturbance. In this regard, the authors study sensor fusion techniques capable of integrating the information provided by a network of optical sensors based on Bragg gratings to reconstruct the signals acquired by one or more virtual sensors (separately or simultaneously). With an appropriate Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) network, it is possible to measure directly (locally) several physical quantities (e.g. temperature, vibration, deformation, humidity, etc.), and, at the same time, use these data to estimate other effects that significantly influence the system behavior but which, for various reasons, are not directly measurable. In this case, such signals could be “virtually measured” by suitably designed and trained artificial neural networks (ANNs). The authors propose a specific sensing technology based on FBGs, combining suitable accuracy levels with minimal invasiveness, low complexity, and robustness to EM disturbances and harsh environmental conditions. The test case considered to illustrate the proposed methodology refers to a servomechanical application designed to monitor the health status in real-time of the flight control actuators using a model-based approach. Since the external aerodynamic loads acting on the system influence the operation of most of the actuators, their measurement would be helpful to accurately simulate the monitoring model's dynamic response. Therefore, the authors evaluate the proposed sensor fusion strategy effectiveness by using a distributed sensing of the airframe strain to infer the aerodynamic loads acting on the flight control actuator. Operationally speaking, a structural and an aerodynamic model are combined to generate a database used to train data-based surrogates correlating strain measurements to the corresponding actuator load.
{"title":"A sensor fusion strategy based on a distributed optical sensing of airframe deformation applied to actuator load estimation","authors":"Gaetano Quattrocchi, M. D. Dalla Vedova, Emanuele Frediani, P. Maggiore, P. Berri","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511702","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time health monitoring of mechatronic onboard systems often involves model-based approaches comparing measured (physical) signals with numerical models or statistical data. This approach often requires the accurate measurement of specific physical quantities characterizing the state of the real system, the command inputs, and the various boundary conditions that can act as sources of disturbance. In this regard, the authors study sensor fusion techniques capable of integrating the information provided by a network of optical sensors based on Bragg gratings to reconstruct the signals acquired by one or more virtual sensors (separately or simultaneously). With an appropriate Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) network, it is possible to measure directly (locally) several physical quantities (e.g. temperature, vibration, deformation, humidity, etc.), and, at the same time, use these data to estimate other effects that significantly influence the system behavior but which, for various reasons, are not directly measurable. In this case, such signals could be “virtually measured” by suitably designed and trained artificial neural networks (ANNs). The authors propose a specific sensing technology based on FBGs, combining suitable accuracy levels with minimal invasiveness, low complexity, and robustness to EM disturbances and harsh environmental conditions. The test case considered to illustrate the proposed methodology refers to a servomechanical application designed to monitor the health status in real-time of the flight control actuators using a model-based approach. Since the external aerodynamic loads acting on the system influence the operation of most of the actuators, their measurement would be helpful to accurately simulate the monitoring model's dynamic response. Therefore, the authors evaluate the proposed sensor fusion strategy effectiveness by using a distributed sensing of the airframe strain to infer the aerodynamic loads acting on the flight control actuator. Operationally speaking, a structural and an aerodynamic model are combined to generate a database used to train data-based surrogates correlating strain measurements to the corresponding actuator load.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130830958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511781
A. Olejnik, Łukasz Kiszkowiak, A. Dziubiński, M. Majcher
The paper presents research related to the cooling of an aircraft engine in pusher configuration, which is more problematic than usually used, tractor configuration. Moreover a complex thermal and fluid flow analysis is necessary in order to verify that an adequate cooling is ensured. Methodology used in this research based on temperature measurements on real object and use of Computational Fluid Dynamics tools to model adequately the internal and the external flow, in order to find the state of cooling system, and to research the results of engine nacelle modifications. Two types of the cover with different sizes of inlets and outlets are tested. The results showed the influence of baffles modifications and changes in inlets and outlet sizes on the mass flow rate and temperature distributions inside the engine nacelle. The best configuration of air inlets and outlets was determined. The work presents original results obtained by the authors during a tests and heat transmission analysis, and is a part of the design project of the OSA patrol aircraft.
{"title":"Cooling improvement of an aircraft engine in pusher configuration","authors":"A. Olejnik, Łukasz Kiszkowiak, A. Dziubiński, M. Majcher","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511781","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents research related to the cooling of an aircraft engine in pusher configuration, which is more problematic than usually used, tractor configuration. Moreover a complex thermal and fluid flow analysis is necessary in order to verify that an adequate cooling is ensured. Methodology used in this research based on temperature measurements on real object and use of Computational Fluid Dynamics tools to model adequately the internal and the external flow, in order to find the state of cooling system, and to research the results of engine nacelle modifications. Two types of the cover with different sizes of inlets and outlets are tested. The results showed the influence of baffles modifications and changes in inlets and outlet sizes on the mass flow rate and temperature distributions inside the engine nacelle. The best configuration of air inlets and outlets was determined. The work presents original results obtained by the authors during a tests and heat transmission analysis, and is a part of the design project of the OSA patrol aircraft.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131924915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511751
L. Pallotta, Michela Cauli, C. Clemente, F. Fioranelli, G. Giunta, A. Farina
In this paper a method capable of automatically classify radar signals of human hand-gestures exploiting the micro-Doppler signature is designed. In particular, the methodology focuses on the extraction of the Chebyshev moments from the cadence velocity diagram (CVD) of each recorded signal. The algorithm benefits from interesting properties of these moments such as the fact that they are defined on a discrete set and hence computed without approximations, as well as the symmetry property that allows to minimize the computational time. The experiments computed on the challenging real-recorded DopNet dataset show interesting results that confirm the effectiveness of the approach.
{"title":"Classification of micro-Doppler radar hand-gesture signatures by means of Chebyshev moments","authors":"L. Pallotta, Michela Cauli, C. Clemente, F. Fioranelli, G. Giunta, A. Farina","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511751","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a method capable of automatically classify radar signals of human hand-gestures exploiting the micro-Doppler signature is designed. In particular, the methodology focuses on the extraction of the Chebyshev moments from the cadence velocity diagram (CVD) of each recorded signal. The algorithm benefits from interesting properties of these moments such as the fact that they are defined on a discrete set and hence computed without approximations, as well as the symmetry property that allows to minimize the computational time. The experiments computed on the challenging real-recorded DopNet dataset show interesting results that confirm the effectiveness of the approach.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132178689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511745
I. Lucarini, F. Maita, L. Maiolo, A. Savoia
In avionics, safety is a crucial aspect and nondestructive testing (NDT) is a mandatory inspecting procedure to ensure the quality of materials before and during the lifetime of the aircraft, evaluating both the status of the materials and the degradation of the different parts of an aircraft. Especially in recent composites like Carbon Fibre Reinforce Plastics the presence of defects or the disbonds caused from accidental impacts can be very dangerous for the integrity of the wings, fuselage, etc. Among the different methods implemented in non-destructive testing, ultrasonic testing is the most common sub-surface technique to detect defects in welds, fittings, joints, bolts and adhesive bond quality. Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs) can be utilized to this end, thus permitting portable and potentially low-cost inspection. In this work, we present the fabrication and characterization of flexible CMUTs, and we discuss their potential use in NDT probes to be embedded directly on the aircraft to allow continuous and real-time monitoring of the different parts of an aircraft.
{"title":"Flexible CMUT as smart tool for nondestructive testing of aircraft composite structures","authors":"I. Lucarini, F. Maita, L. Maiolo, A. Savoia","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511745","url":null,"abstract":"In avionics, safety is a crucial aspect and nondestructive testing (NDT) is a mandatory inspecting procedure to ensure the quality of materials before and during the lifetime of the aircraft, evaluating both the status of the materials and the degradation of the different parts of an aircraft. Especially in recent composites like Carbon Fibre Reinforce Plastics the presence of defects or the disbonds caused from accidental impacts can be very dangerous for the integrity of the wings, fuselage, etc. Among the different methods implemented in non-destructive testing, ultrasonic testing is the most common sub-surface technique to detect defects in welds, fittings, joints, bolts and adhesive bond quality. Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs) can be utilized to this end, thus permitting portable and potentially low-cost inspection. In this work, we present the fabrication and characterization of flexible CMUTs, and we discuss their potential use in NDT probes to be embedded directly on the aircraft to allow continuous and real-time monitoring of the different parts of an aircraft.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134167763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511771
Jakub Matuszak
One of the main technological operations in the production process is the cutting operation. Due to the use of various materials, with different properties and shapes, cutting of materials with a water-abrasive jet is increasingly competing with traditional processing methods. The quality of cutting operations is important for technological, operational and work safety reasons. One of the methods that allows for the simultaneous improvement of the geometrical condition of the surface layer and the elimination of sharp edges, processed after cutting with an abrasive water jet, especially in the area of the material jet exit, is brushing the surface with ceramic brushes. The aim of the work is to analyze the possibility of surface treatment of the EN-AW 7075 aluminum alloy used in the aviation industry after cutting with a water-abrasive jet and to determine the effect of ceramic brush processing conditions on the surface quality. A significant influence of the number of passes and the type of ceramic fiber of the brush on the surface roughness after brushing was demonstrated.
{"title":"Influence of machining with ceramic brushes on the surface quality of EN-AW 7075 aluminum alloy after abrasive waterjet process","authors":"Jakub Matuszak","doi":"10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511771","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main technological operations in the production process is the cutting operation. Due to the use of various materials, with different properties and shapes, cutting of materials with a water-abrasive jet is increasingly competing with traditional processing methods. The quality of cutting operations is important for technological, operational and work safety reasons. One of the methods that allows for the simultaneous improvement of the geometrical condition of the surface layer and the elimination of sharp edges, processed after cutting with an abrasive water jet, especially in the area of the material jet exit, is brushing the surface with ceramic brushes. The aim of the work is to analyze the possibility of surface treatment of the EN-AW 7075 aluminum alloy used in the aviation industry after cutting with a water-abrasive jet and to determine the effect of ceramic brush processing conditions on the surface quality. A significant influence of the number of passes and the type of ceramic fiber of the brush on the surface roughness after brushing was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":236783,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116782266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1109/MetroAeroSpace51421.2021.9511686
A. Turella, V. Corte, P. Palumbo, M. Amoroso, R. Mugnuolo, G. Noci
JANUS (Jupiter Amorum ac Natorum Undique Scrutator) is the multispectral camera that, on board of JUICE (JUpiter ICy moons Explorer) ESA mission, will provide high-resolution images of Jupiter atmosphere and major Galilean icy moons surface: Europa, Ganymede, Callisto. Inertial pointing, mosaicking, object tracking, stereo imaging for DTM (Digital Terrain Model) and the peculiar Ganymede Libration measurements defined highly stringent requirement on the LoS (Line of Sight) knowledge of the JANUS OHU (Optical Head Unit). Once in flight, the JANUS LoS is expected to vary as consequence of thermal environment variations, in fact, orbit attitude change, spacecraft maneuvering and scientific payloads heat dissipations can modify the OHU temperature distribution. Optical elements translation and rotation have been predicted through a STOP (Structural Thermal Optical and Performance) Analysis, deriving a linear relation between LoS, value and uncertainty, and OHU structure temperature gradient. This relation has been validated thorough an on-ground and in-air characterization test, the results are presented in this paper. Test based coefficients allow real time and indirect LoS prediction & evaluation as function of OHU temperature sensor readings.
JANUS (Jupiter Amorum ac Natorum Undique scruitter)是多光谱相机，搭载在木星冰卫星探测器(JUICE)上，将提供木星大气和主要伽利略冰卫星表面的高分辨率图像:木卫二、木卫三、木卫四。惯性指向，镶嵌，目标跟踪，DTM(数字地形模型)的立体成像和特殊的Ganymede Libration测量对JANUS OHU(光学头单元)的LoS(视线)知识提出了非常严格的要求。一旦在飞行中，JANUS LoS预计会随着热环境的变化而变化，事实上，轨道姿态变化，航天器机动和科学有效载荷的散热可以改变OHU温度分布。通过STOP (Structural Thermal Optical and Performance) Analysis预测了光学元件的平移和旋转，得出了LoS、值和不确定度与OHU结构温度梯度之间的线性关系。该关系已通过地面和空中特性试验得到验证，本文给出了结果。基于测试的系数允许实时和间接的LoS预测和评估作为OHU温度传感器读数的功能。
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