S. Grebović, Mirza Batalovic, A. Balota, N. Oprasic
Abstract Line surge arresters are mainly used for transmission line lightning performance improvement. Calculation of energy stresses of lines surge arrester is of extreme importance for the selection of the arrester class. Energy stresses of transmission line surge arresters due to multicomponent lightning flashes are analysed in this paper. To obtain lightning data two approaches were used: direct measurements using instrumented towers and lightning location systems. Both lightning monitoring systems are described. Data obtained from lightning monitoring systems are compared and used in simulations. Detailed modelling procedure for a transient analysis of the transmission lines is also described. Multicomponent lightning flash and 110 kV transmission line were modelled using Electromagnetic Transient Program -Restructured Version (EMTP – RV). The arrester current shapes and arrester energy duties are presented in order to clearly show influence of lightning current parameters to arrester energy duty.
{"title":"Importance of Lightning Activity Monitoring Systems for Transmission Line Lightning Performance Improvement Studies","authors":"S. Grebović, Mirza Batalovic, A. Balota, N. Oprasic","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Line surge arresters are mainly used for transmission line lightning performance improvement. Calculation of energy stresses of lines surge arrester is of extreme importance for the selection of the arrester class. Energy stresses of transmission line surge arresters due to multicomponent lightning flashes are analysed in this paper. To obtain lightning data two approaches were used: direct measurements using instrumented towers and lightning location systems. Both lightning monitoring systems are described. Data obtained from lightning monitoring systems are compared and used in simulations. Detailed modelling procedure for a transient analysis of the transmission lines is also described. Multicomponent lightning flash and 110 kV transmission line were modelled using Electromagnetic Transient Program -Restructured Version (EMTP – RV). The arrester current shapes and arrester energy duties are presented in order to clearly show influence of lightning current parameters to arrester energy duty.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124146817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper describes cause and effect of an electrical arc fault in industrial TS 6/0.4 kV. Results of insulation resistance test, dielectric withstand test, thermographic inspection, testing of LV installation, as well as recorded data analysis are presented in detail and an events explanation is given. The aim of this paper is to show the purpose of complex testing, both during the events of the accident and during the preventive maintenance. It has also been recommended to analyse calculations of short-circuit currents and the effect of an electric arc on the staff in power facilities, the so-called “arc flash”.
{"title":"Analysis of Power Failure with the Phenomenon of an Electric arc in the Electric Power Facility","authors":"N. Simić, J. Mrvić, Ranko Jasika","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper describes cause and effect of an electrical arc fault in industrial TS 6/0.4 kV. Results of insulation resistance test, dielectric withstand test, thermographic inspection, testing of LV installation, as well as recorded data analysis are presented in detail and an events explanation is given. The aim of this paper is to show the purpose of complex testing, both during the events of the accident and during the preventive maintenance. It has also been recommended to analyse calculations of short-circuit currents and the effect of an electric arc on the staff in power facilities, the so-called “arc flash”.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124296303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Hadzic, Z. Bajramovic, A. Mujezinović, I. Turkovic
Abstract This paper specifies and compares the ancillary services used by transmission system operators in selected countries within ENTSO-E (European Network of Transmission System Operators-Electricity) for operational needs of their transmission systems. The comparison of the ancillary services’ unit prices is also given. In addition, analyses of various experiences gained by ENTSO-E countries within their electric power systems in relation to initiatives supporting the power generation from renewable energy sources (RES) and the methods of their integration into the electric power system were made. Namely, depending on the total amount of RES, depending on the incentive system for electricity production from RES and the development of an organized electricity market, different balancing responsibility models for electricity producers from RES were established.
{"title":"Comparision of Ancillary Services and Renewable Energy Sources’ Impact on Balancing of the Power System in ENTSO-E","authors":"O. Hadzic, Z. Bajramovic, A. Mujezinović, I. Turkovic","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper specifies and compares the ancillary services used by transmission system operators in selected countries within ENTSO-E (European Network of Transmission System Operators-Electricity) for operational needs of their transmission systems. The comparison of the ancillary services’ unit prices is also given. In addition, analyses of various experiences gained by ENTSO-E countries within their electric power systems in relation to initiatives supporting the power generation from renewable energy sources (RES) and the methods of their integration into the electric power system were made. Namely, depending on the total amount of RES, depending on the incentive system for electricity production from RES and the development of an organized electricity market, different balancing responsibility models for electricity producers from RES were established.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125011759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alija Jusić, Z. Bajramovic, I. Turkovic, Maja Muftić Dedović
Abstract The paper consists of three parts. In the introduction and the first part of this paper are given basic theoretical considerations on possible ways for treatment of the neutral point in distribution grids with special reference to the method of neutral grounding of distribution transformers through a low ohmic resistor and a compensation coil. The second part gives the use analysis of a low ohmic resistor and a compensation coil as the future choice of neutral point grounding on the particular distribution grid powered by a substation TS 35/10 kV. In the third part of the paper, the results were obtained using an adequate dynamic distribution model, using the EMTP-ATP software package. Also, in this part, calculations are made for neutral grounding through a low ohmic resistor, a compensation coil, as well as in the case of isolated grids, and a comparison of the obtained values of the overvoltage coefficients.
{"title":"Overvoltage Analysis during Earth Fault for Different Treatment of Neutral Point in Distribution Network","authors":"Alija Jusić, Z. Bajramovic, I. Turkovic, Maja Muftić Dedović","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper consists of three parts. In the introduction and the first part of this paper are given basic theoretical considerations on possible ways for treatment of the neutral point in distribution grids with special reference to the method of neutral grounding of distribution transformers through a low ohmic resistor and a compensation coil. The second part gives the use analysis of a low ohmic resistor and a compensation coil as the future choice of neutral point grounding on the particular distribution grid powered by a substation TS 35/10 kV. In the third part of the paper, the results were obtained using an adequate dynamic distribution model, using the EMTP-ATP software package. Also, in this part, calculations are made for neutral grounding through a low ohmic resistor, a compensation coil, as well as in the case of isolated grids, and a comparison of the obtained values of the overvoltage coefficients.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127153230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Panagiotis Giannakaris, A. Ktena, C. Manasis, N. Assimakis
Abstract In this work we present the design of a PV plant comprising storage for the transition of the fossil fuelled power plant of a non-interconnected Greek Island to a hybrid one with high RES penetration. Simulations are performed using the OpenDSS software. The proposed design offers 58.1% reduction in both fuel consumption and CO2 emissions for the first year of operation, which reduces to 44.2% and 42.2% after 20 years.
{"title":"Hybrid Power Plant with Storage on a Non-Interconnected Greek Island","authors":"Panagiotis Giannakaris, A. Ktena, C. Manasis, N. Assimakis","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work we present the design of a PV plant comprising storage for the transition of the fossil fuelled power plant of a non-interconnected Greek Island to a hybrid one with high RES penetration. Simulations are performed using the OpenDSS software. The proposed design offers 58.1% reduction in both fuel consumption and CO2 emissions for the first year of operation, which reduces to 44.2% and 42.2% after 20 years.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123716513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Analysis of representative tools for SQL query processing on Hadoop (SQL-on-Hadoop systems), such as Hive, Impala, Presto, Shark, show that they are not still sufficiently efficient for complex analytical queries and interactive query processing. Existing SQL-on-Hadoop systems have many benefits from the application of modern query processing techniques that have been studied extensively for many years in the database community. It is expected that with the application of advanced techniques, the performance of SQL-on-Hadoop systems can be improved. The main idea of this paper is to give a review of big data concepts and technologies, and summarize big data optimization techniques that can be used for improving performance when processing big data.
{"title":"A Review on Big Data Optimization Techniques","authors":"Vedrana Nerić, N. Sarajlic","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Analysis of representative tools for SQL query processing on Hadoop (SQL-on-Hadoop systems), such as Hive, Impala, Presto, Shark, show that they are not still sufficiently efficient for complex analytical queries and interactive query processing. Existing SQL-on-Hadoop systems have many benefits from the application of modern query processing techniques that have been studied extensively for many years in the database community. It is expected that with the application of advanced techniques, the performance of SQL-on-Hadoop systems can be improved. The main idea of this paper is to give a review of big data concepts and technologies, and summarize big data optimization techniques that can be used for improving performance when processing big data.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122257407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Rational use and energy management is very important for the business of industrial companies. This paper will present some of the measures to establish energy efficiency in the company. The realization of the project of improving energy efficiency by replacing the existing lighting with new, more energy efficient, LED lighting in order to reduce electricity consumption and emissions will be presented. A previous lighting design in the production halls will be presented. Nine production halls will be analysed, as well as a paint shop that requires equipment in Ex proof design. Analysis and modelling of electricity consumption, proposals and measures to improve energy efficiency will also be presented. The choice of appropriate LED lighting and Ex LED lighting with photometric calculations is crucial. This is followed by the determination of energy and economic savings, evaluation of the proposed measures, as well as the calculation of CO2 emission reductions. The management system and monitoring of electricity consumption, as well as future planned measures with LED lighting will also be presented in this paper.
{"title":"Achieving Energy Efficiency With Led Lighting","authors":"Azelma Demirović, Amir Kurtić","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rational use and energy management is very important for the business of industrial companies. This paper will present some of the measures to establish energy efficiency in the company. The realization of the project of improving energy efficiency by replacing the existing lighting with new, more energy efficient, LED lighting in order to reduce electricity consumption and emissions will be presented. A previous lighting design in the production halls will be presented. Nine production halls will be analysed, as well as a paint shop that requires equipment in Ex proof design. Analysis and modelling of electricity consumption, proposals and measures to improve energy efficiency will also be presented. The choice of appropriate LED lighting and Ex LED lighting with photometric calculations is crucial. This is followed by the determination of energy and economic savings, evaluation of the proposed measures, as well as the calculation of CO2 emission reductions. The management system and monitoring of electricity consumption, as well as future planned measures with LED lighting will also be presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114235826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mateo Bašić, Matija Bubalo, D. Vukadinović, I. Grgić
Abstract This paper presents a photovoltaic (PV) power system with a battery storage unit and the quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI). This inverter belongs to the group of transformerless single-stage inverters with buck/boost capability. The considered system is designed for autonomous load supply and battery charging in areas isolated from the utility grid. The batteries ensure continuous operation in the case of energy shortage/surplus and compensate for the oscillations of the PV power due to changes in atmospheric conditions. They also enable capturing of the maximum available power from the PV modules. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm utilized in this study belongs to the group of perturb-and-observe (P&O) algorithms, which are widely used in commercial PV systems. The state of charge (SOC) of the employed batteries represents an important factor in the context of MPPT operation and is taken into account in the proposed power flow control algorithm. The performance of the proposed system has been tested through simulations in the MATLAB Simulink over wide ranges of solar irradiation, PV module temperatures, and SOC levels.
{"title":"Optimal Power Flow Control in a Stand-Alone PV System with a Battery-Assisted Quasi-Z-Source Inverter","authors":"Mateo Bašić, Matija Bubalo, D. Vukadinović, I. Grgić","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a photovoltaic (PV) power system with a battery storage unit and the quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI). This inverter belongs to the group of transformerless single-stage inverters with buck/boost capability. The considered system is designed for autonomous load supply and battery charging in areas isolated from the utility grid. The batteries ensure continuous operation in the case of energy shortage/surplus and compensate for the oscillations of the PV power due to changes in atmospheric conditions. They also enable capturing of the maximum available power from the PV modules. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm utilized in this study belongs to the group of perturb-and-observe (P&O) algorithms, which are widely used in commercial PV systems. The state of charge (SOC) of the employed batteries represents an important factor in the context of MPPT operation and is taken into account in the proposed power flow control algorithm. The performance of the proposed system has been tested through simulations in the MATLAB Simulink over wide ranges of solar irradiation, PV module temperatures, and SOC levels.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"391 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115914421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Heat dissipation in nanoelectronics has become a major bottleneck to further scaling in next-generation integrated circuits. In order to address this problem and develop more energy-efficient nanoelectronic transistor, sensor, and storage devices, we must understand thermal processes at the atomic scale, which requires numerical simulation of the interaction between electrons and heat, carried by quantized lattice vibrations called phonons. Here we examine in detail the phonon emission and absorption spectra in silicon at several elevated values for the electron temperature. The effect of electric field on the electron distribution and equivalent electron temperature is obtained from full-band Monte Carlo simulation for bulk silicon. The electron distributions are used to numerically compute the phonon emission and absorption spectra and discover trends in their behavior at high electron temperatures. The concept of electron temperature is used to understand the relationship between field and heat emission, and it is found that longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon emission increases at high electron temperatures. It is also found that emission of slower zone-edge phonons increases for all phonon branches at high electron temperatures. These conclusions at high electric fields can be used to enable heat-conscious design of future silicon devices.
{"title":"Numerical Study of Thermal Dissipation Processes in Silicon","authors":"Z. Akšamija","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Heat dissipation in nanoelectronics has become a major bottleneck to further scaling in next-generation integrated circuits. In order to address this problem and develop more energy-efficient nanoelectronic transistor, sensor, and storage devices, we must understand thermal processes at the atomic scale, which requires numerical simulation of the interaction between electrons and heat, carried by quantized lattice vibrations called phonons. Here we examine in detail the phonon emission and absorption spectra in silicon at several elevated values for the electron temperature. The effect of electric field on the electron distribution and equivalent electron temperature is obtained from full-band Monte Carlo simulation for bulk silicon. The electron distributions are used to numerically compute the phonon emission and absorption spectra and discover trends in their behavior at high electron temperatures. The concept of electron temperature is used to understand the relationship between field and heat emission, and it is found that longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon emission increases at high electron temperatures. It is also found that emission of slower zone-edge phonons increases for all phonon branches at high electron temperatures. These conclusions at high electric fields can be used to enable heat-conscious design of future silicon devices.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127709201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maja Muftić Dedović, S. Avdakovic, A. Mujezinović, Nedis Dautbašić
Abstract This paper introduces and compares the various techniques for identification and analysis of low frequency oscillations in a power system. Inter-area electromechanical oscillations are the focus of this paper. After multiresolution decomposition of characteristic signals, physical characteristics of system oscillations in signal components are identified and presented using the Fourier transform, Prony’s method, Matrix Pencil Analysis Method, S-transform, Global Wavelet Spectrum and Hilbert Huang transform (Hilbert Marginal Spectrum) in time-frequency domain representation. The analyses were performed on real frequency signals obtained from FNET/GridEye system during the earthquake that triggered the shutdown of the North Anna Nuclear Generating Station in the east coast of the United States. In addition, according to the obtained results the proposed methods have proven to be reliable for identification of the model parameters of low-frequency oscillation in power systems. The relevant analyses are carried out in MATLAB coding environment.
{"title":"Comparison of Different Methods for Identification of Dominant Oscillation Mode","authors":"Maja Muftić Dedović, S. Avdakovic, A. Mujezinović, Nedis Dautbašić","doi":"10.2478/bhee-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhee-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper introduces and compares the various techniques for identification and analysis of low frequency oscillations in a power system. Inter-area electromechanical oscillations are the focus of this paper. After multiresolution decomposition of characteristic signals, physical characteristics of system oscillations in signal components are identified and presented using the Fourier transform, Prony’s method, Matrix Pencil Analysis Method, S-transform, Global Wavelet Spectrum and Hilbert Huang transform (Hilbert Marginal Spectrum) in time-frequency domain representation. The analyses were performed on real frequency signals obtained from FNET/GridEye system during the earthquake that triggered the shutdown of the North Anna Nuclear Generating Station in the east coast of the United States. In addition, according to the obtained results the proposed methods have proven to be reliable for identification of the model parameters of low-frequency oscillation in power systems. The relevant analyses are carried out in MATLAB coding environment.","PeriodicalId":236883,"journal":{"name":"B&H Electrical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129185177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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