Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002441
Zheng Si-ping, C. Bin, G. Xiong, Zheng Wei-wen
Using 16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE, electron microscopy and conventional plating method, genetic diversity and phenotype polymorphism of the endophytic bacteria within Azolla microphylla were explored. 16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE profile showed that there was a complex and divergent bacterial community with Bacillus cereus as dominant species within Azolla-cyanobacteria association, which was supported by the fact that the endobacterial cells exhibited distinct ultrastructural characteristics in vivo and the bacteria appeared various colonies with different size, shape and colors in vitro. It indicated that the genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria in Azolla could be figured out by using 16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE.
{"title":"Diversity analysis of endophytic bacteria within Azolla microphylla using PCR-DGGE and electron microscopy","authors":"Zheng Si-ping, C. Bin, G. Xiong, Zheng Wei-wen","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002441","url":null,"abstract":"Using 16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE, electron microscopy and conventional plating method, genetic diversity and phenotype polymorphism of the endophytic bacteria within Azolla microphylla were explored. 16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE profile showed that there was a complex and divergent bacterial community with Bacillus cereus as dominant species within Azolla-cyanobacteria association, which was supported by the fact that the endobacterial cells exhibited distinct ultrastructural characteristics in vivo and the bacteria appeared various colonies with different size, shape and colors in vitro. It indicated that the genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria in Azolla could be figured out by using 16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE.","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134280909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Progenies derived from rice ( Oryza sativa ssp. japonica ) plants pollinated by Oenothera biennis exhibited numerous morphological and developmental traits. Some variant individuals appeared in generation D2. From generations D3 to D6, a large number of variants were observed, showing distinct variable traits including giant embryos. Statistical analysis on D6 lines showed significant differences between progenies and their rice parental line in several main traits, including plant height (49.2–164.5 cm), panicle number (12.1–38.2), panicle length (20.3–30.3 cm), length of sword leaf (13.8–57.5 cm), leaf width (11.1–25.2 mm), grain number of main panicle (142.0–367.0), percentage of seed setting (0.8–99.0%), 1000-grain weight (19.7–33.8 g) and time from germination to panicle emergence (90.0–108.0 days). Most of the variable coefficients were above 20% (the highest was 40.8%). Through pedigree selection of these plants, genetically stable lines were obtained, which are useful for rice breeding. Results from amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis showed that several rice lines contained extensive genetic variations, which included disappearance of rice parental bands and/or appearance of novel bands.
{"title":"Inter-family distant hybridization of Oryza sativa and Oenothera biennis","authors":"Chu Xiu-Cheng, Zhao Ji-hong, Chai Yang, Zhao Jian-feng, Zhao Yun-yang, Jiang Li-yan, Zhao Fen-shan, Yu Hui-qin, Zhao Wei-dong, You Zhi-qiang","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002349","url":null,"abstract":"Progenies derived from rice ( Oryza sativa ssp. japonica ) plants pollinated by Oenothera biennis exhibited numerous morphological and developmental traits. Some variant individuals appeared in generation D2. From generations D3 to D6, a large number of variants were observed, showing distinct variable traits including giant embryos. Statistical analysis on D6 lines showed significant differences between progenies and their rice parental line in several main traits, including plant height (49.2–164.5 cm), panicle number (12.1–38.2), panicle length (20.3–30.3 cm), length of sword leaf (13.8–57.5 cm), leaf width (11.1–25.2 mm), grain number of main panicle (142.0–367.0), percentage of seed setting (0.8–99.0%), 1000-grain weight (19.7–33.8 g) and time from germination to panicle emergence (90.0–108.0 days). Most of the variable coefficients were above 20% (the highest was 40.8%). Through pedigree selection of these plants, genetically stable lines were obtained, which are useful for rice breeding. Results from amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis showed that several rice lines contained extensive genetic variations, which included disappearance of rice parental bands and/or appearance of novel bands.","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126155245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002374
Yang Xiao-hui, Liu Yuan, Tang Hui, Zhan Ning-bo, Wu Ying, Wei Shu-dong, Jiang Yunliang
Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a member of the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which affects body weight, energy homeostasis and food intake in humans and mice. In this study, the Asp298Asn polymorphism of the MC4R gene was investigated in Laiwu, Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred pig populations using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the relationship of this mutation with backfat thickness was analysed. The results indicated that only genotype 11 exists in 33 individuals of Laiwu pigs, and three genotypes (11, 12 and 22) were detected in Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred populations. The distributions of allele and genotype frequencies in Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred populations were similar, with the frequency of allele 1 being higher than that of allele 2. In commercial cross-bred pigs, the mean backfat thickness of individuals with genotype 22 was significantly higher than that of individuals with genotypes 12 ( P P MC4R gene is associated with backfat thickness in commercial cross-bred pigs with Western pigs as parental lines and, therefore, can be used as a DNA marker for breeding in such populations of pigs.
黑素皮质素-4受体(Melanocortin-4 receptor, MC4R)是g蛋白偶联受体(gpcr)超家族的一员，影响人类和小鼠的体重、能量稳态和食物摄入。本研究采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术对莱芜、Yorkshire×Laiwu和商品杂交猪群体MC4R基因Asp298Asn多态性进行了研究，并分析了该突变与背膘厚度的关系。结果表明，33头莱芜猪只存在基因11型，在Yorkshire×Laiwu和商品杂交群体中检测到3种基因11、12和22型。Yorkshire×Laiwu和商品杂交群体的等位基因和基因型频率分布相似，等位基因1的频率高于等位基因2。在商品杂交猪中，基因型为22的个体的平均背膘厚度显著高于基因型为12的个体(P P MC4R基因与西方猪为亲本系的商品杂交猪的背膘厚度相关，因此可以作为这类猪群育种的DNA标记。
{"title":"Polymorphism of MC4R Asp298Asn site and its relationship with backfat thickness in commercial pigs","authors":"Yang Xiao-hui, Liu Yuan, Tang Hui, Zhan Ning-bo, Wu Ying, Wei Shu-dong, Jiang Yunliang","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002374","url":null,"abstract":"Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a member of the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which affects body weight, energy homeostasis and food intake in humans and mice. In this study, the Asp298Asn polymorphism of the MC4R gene was investigated in Laiwu, Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred pig populations using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the relationship of this mutation with backfat thickness was analysed. The results indicated that only genotype 11 exists in 33 individuals of Laiwu pigs, and three genotypes (11, 12 and 22) were detected in Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred populations. The distributions of allele and genotype frequencies in Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred populations were similar, with the frequency of allele 1 being higher than that of allele 2. In commercial cross-bred pigs, the mean backfat thickness of individuals with genotype 22 was significantly higher than that of individuals with genotypes 12 ( P P MC4R gene is associated with backfat thickness in commercial cross-bred pigs with Western pigs as parental lines and, therefore, can be used as a DNA marker for breeding in such populations of pigs.","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122063901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002295
Li Huifang, Song Weitao, Zhu Wenqi, Xu Wenjuan, Tan Qingping
Using microsatellite markers, the genetic structure of 9 domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos) populations in east china, including Weishan sheldrake, Chaohu sheldrake, Shaoxing, Gaoyou, Dayu, Jinding, Liancheng white, Putian black and San sheldrake, was analyzed. The results showed that the average heterozygosity was higher in 9 populations,which ranged from 0.5137~0.6055. The average heterozygosity of 9 duck populations was 0.5523, which reflected the rich diversity. Considerable breed differentiation was observed and 25.65% of the total genetic variation came from breed differences, this result affirmed that each breed was of own genetic diversity. The DA genetic distances suggested the longer differentiation existed between populations. The domestic duck populations in East China were clustered into four groups based on the NJ clustering, the clustering results had some relationship with the distributions and economic utilizations of these duck breeds.
{"title":"Genetic structure analysis of domestic duck populations in eastern China","authors":"Li Huifang, Song Weitao, Zhu Wenqi, Xu Wenjuan, Tan Qingping","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002295","url":null,"abstract":"Using microsatellite markers, the genetic structure of 9 domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos) populations in east china, including Weishan sheldrake, Chaohu sheldrake, Shaoxing, Gaoyou, Dayu, Jinding, Liancheng white, Putian black and San sheldrake, was analyzed. The results showed that the average heterozygosity was higher in 9 populations,which ranged from 0.5137~0.6055. The average heterozygosity of 9 duck populations was 0.5523, which reflected the rich diversity. Considerable breed differentiation was observed and 25.65% of the total genetic variation came from breed differences, this result affirmed that each breed was of own genetic diversity. The DA genetic distances suggested the longer differentiation existed between populations. The domestic duck populations in East China were clustered into four groups based on the NJ clustering, the clustering results had some relationship with the distributions and economic utilizations of these duck breeds.","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131411760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-08-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002234
Peng Donghai, Zhou Chen-Fei, Qiu De-wen, Z. Kang, R. Lifang, Chen Shouwen, Y. Ziniu, S. Ming
The ap36 gene from Alternaria spp. was sub-cloned into the downstream of slh (S-layer homology) motif of the pBMB982-304, the expressed vector with the fusion gene slh::fap was constructed and transformed into Bacillus thuringiensis plasmid-free derivative strain BMB171. Result showed that the SLH::Ap36 fusion protein was successful expressed. Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) chips treated with cultured recombinant strain at 28 ℃for 24 h , showed that the activity of peroxidase and the amount of proline of tomato leaves were increased 57.14% and 131.59%, respectively, compared to control after treated for 90 min,and the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase was also higher than that of control after treatment for 4 d. Furthermore, the treated potato (Solanum tuberosum)chips showed higher resistance to rot disease caused by Erwinia corotovora SCG1 compared to control.
{"title":"Expressing activator protein Ap36 in Bacillus thuringiensis and the function of the recombined strain on disease resistance","authors":"Peng Donghai, Zhou Chen-Fei, Qiu De-wen, Z. Kang, R. Lifang, Chen Shouwen, Y. Ziniu, S. Ming","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002234","url":null,"abstract":"The ap36 gene from Alternaria spp. was sub-cloned into the downstream of slh (S-layer homology) motif of the pBMB982-304, the expressed vector with the fusion gene slh::fap was constructed and transformed into Bacillus thuringiensis plasmid-free derivative strain BMB171. Result showed that the SLH::Ap36 fusion protein was successful expressed. Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) chips treated with cultured recombinant strain at 28 ℃for 24 h , showed that the activity of peroxidase and the amount of proline of tomato leaves were increased 57.14% and 131.59%, respectively, compared to control after treated for 90 min,and the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase was also higher than that of control after treatment for 4 d. Furthermore, the treated potato (Solanum tuberosum)chips showed higher resistance to rot disease caused by Erwinia corotovora SCG1 compared to control.","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131862303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-08-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002180
Shan Aiqin, C. Ying, Zhao Liang-jun, Tian Yingchuan
{"title":"Direct adventitious shoot regeneration system of Euonymus fortunei var. radicans and its genetic transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens","authors":"Shan Aiqin, C. Ying, Zhao Liang-jun, Tian Yingchuan","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115382910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-08-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002337
Yang Yun, Zhang Zhili, Liu Kuan-Can, L. Wei-guo, Su Huo-sheng
Based on employing differentially ethphon-induced expressed cDNA subtracted library resulted from latex in rubber trees(Hevea brasiliensis), HbUEP gene, an ubiquitin extension protein gene from latex in H.brasiliensis (GenBank accession No.EF120638) was cloned and sequenced. HbUEP gene cDNA had 771 bp nucleotides, comprising 226 bp-length 3'UTR, 77 bp-length 5'UTR and a 468 bp-length open reading frame encoding 156 amino acid peptide. Southern blotting analysis showed that this gene was a kind of low-copy genes in H. brasiliensis genomic. Within 24 h after application of ethphon HbUEP gene lowly expressed in both control and 6 h-sampled latex,and strongly in 12 h-sampled latex, showing that this gene expression could be regulated by ethphon and ethphon could increase the latex yield in H.brasiliensis. It is suggested that HbUEP gene may be involved in the regulation of ethphon-induced high latex yield in H.brasiliensis.
{"title":"Cloning and characteristics of a novel gene HbUEP from latex in Hevea brasiliensis","authors":"Yang Yun, Zhang Zhili, Liu Kuan-Can, L. Wei-guo, Su Huo-sheng","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002337","url":null,"abstract":"Based on employing differentially ethphon-induced expressed cDNA subtracted library resulted from latex in rubber trees(Hevea brasiliensis), HbUEP gene, an ubiquitin extension protein gene from latex in H.brasiliensis (GenBank accession No.EF120638) was cloned and sequenced. HbUEP gene cDNA had 771 bp nucleotides, comprising 226 bp-length 3'UTR, 77 bp-length 5'UTR and a 468 bp-length open reading frame encoding 156 amino acid peptide. Southern blotting analysis showed that this gene was a kind of low-copy genes in H. brasiliensis genomic. Within 24 h after application of ethphon HbUEP gene lowly expressed in both control and 6 h-sampled latex,and strongly in 12 h-sampled latex, showing that this gene expression could be regulated by ethphon and ethphon could increase the latex yield in H.brasiliensis. It is suggested that HbUEP gene may be involved in the regulation of ethphon-induced high latex yield in H.brasiliensis.","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126804816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-08-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002283
Yu Ermeng, Ye Xing, Wang Haiying, B. Junjie, Xia Shi-ling, L. Hai-hua, Lu Mai-xin
{"title":"Isolation and primary function detection of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) β- actin promoter","authors":"Yu Ermeng, Ye Xing, Wang Haiying, B. Junjie, Xia Shi-ling, L. Hai-hua, Lu Mai-xin","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002283","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134391340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-08-01DOI: 10.1017/S1479236208002350
Zhang Shu-fei, Song Jia-Huan, Wu Minchen, Sheng Jin-Ping, Liu Jianfang
A parent strain of Aspergillus niger LW-1 producing β-mannanase, preserved in our laboratory, was isolated. A strain, N-9, was screened out and further treated with vacuum microwave irradiation and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). A mutant strain, E-30, producing a high and stable yield of β-mannanase was obtained through screening by solid-state cultivation on the basic fermentation medium and several generations of bevel subculture. Its enzyme activity (36 675 U/g) was increased by 2.15 times compared to that of A. niger LW-1 (17 048 U/g). The production of high-yield β-mannanase by E-30 remained stable when maintained at 4°C for 2 months.
{"title":"Mutation breeding of Aspergillus niger strain LW-1 for high-yield β-mannanase production","authors":"Zhang Shu-fei, Song Jia-Huan, Wu Minchen, Sheng Jin-Ping, Liu Jianfang","doi":"10.1017/S1479236208002350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479236208002350","url":null,"abstract":"A parent strain of Aspergillus niger LW-1 producing β-mannanase, preserved in our laboratory, was isolated. A strain, N-9, was screened out and further treated with vacuum microwave irradiation and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). A mutant strain, E-30, producing a high and stable yield of β-mannanase was obtained through screening by solid-state cultivation on the basic fermentation medium and several generations of bevel subculture. Its enzyme activity (36 675 U/g) was increased by 2.15 times compared to that of A. niger LW-1 (17 048 U/g). The production of high-yield β-mannanase by E-30 remained stable when maintained at 4°C for 2 months.","PeriodicalId":236932,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116073909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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