Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a proven technology for energy production from the stabilization and reduction of sewage waste. The AD and impact of ultrasonic pretreatment of four waste activated sludges (WASs) from conventional and three non-conventional municipal wastewater treatment plants were investigated. WAS from a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, a rotating biological contactor (RBC), a lagoon, and a nitrifying moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) were pretreated with ultrasonic energies of 800–6,550 kJ/kg total solids to illustrate the impact of sludge type and ultrasonic pretreatment on biogas production (BGP), solubilization, and digestion kinetics. The greatest increase in BGP over the control of pretreated sludge did not coincide consistently with greater sonication energy but occurred within a solubilization range of 2.9–7.4% degree of disintegration and are as follows: 5% ± 3 biogas increase for CAS, 12% ± 9 for lagoon, 15% ± 2 for nitrifying MBBR, and 20% ± 2 for RBC. The effect of sonication on digestion kinetics was inconclusive with the application of modified Gompertz, reaction curve, and first-order models to biogas production. These results illustrate the unique response of differing sludges to the same levels of sonication energies. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).
{"title":"Ultrasonic pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of suspended and attached growth sludges","authors":"P. Roebuck, K. Kennedy, R. Delatolla","doi":"10.2166/WQRJ.2019.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a proven technology for energy production from the stabilization and reduction of sewage waste. The AD and impact of ultrasonic pretreatment of four waste activated sludges (WASs) from conventional and three non-conventional municipal wastewater treatment plants were investigated. WAS from a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, a rotating biological contactor (RBC), a lagoon, and a nitrifying moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) were pretreated with ultrasonic energies of 800–6,550 kJ/kg total solids to illustrate the impact of sludge type and ultrasonic pretreatment on biogas production (BGP), solubilization, and digestion kinetics. The greatest increase in BGP over the control of pretreated sludge did not coincide consistently with greater sonication energy but occurred within a solubilization range of 2.9–7.4% degree of disintegration and are as follows: 5% ± 3 biogas increase for CAS, 12% ± 9 for lagoon, 15% ± 2 for nitrifying MBBR, and 20% ± 2 for RBC. The effect of sonication on digestion kinetics was inconclusive with the application of modified Gompertz, reaction curve, and first-order models to biogas production. These results illustrate the unique response of differing sludges to the same levels of sonication energies.\u0000 This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45196096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study dealt with preparation of the activated carbon derived from active sludge as an adsorbent for the adsorption of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solution. The waste active sludge was activated chemically with KOH and carbonized to get activated carbon with a large surface area and a high porosity. The activated carbon was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) instrument, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption of CV from aqueous solution onto the activated carbon was investigated under varying conditions, such as adsorbent dosage (1–6 g/L), solution pH (4–9), contact time period (0–150 min), initial dye concentration (20–100 mg/L), and temperature (25–55 °C). 4.0 g/L of adsorbent dosage was chosen as the optimum level due to having a high removal rate (96.2%) (initial CV concentration 60 mg/L; 150 rpm; pH 6; 25 °C). The adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherms were well described by the pseudo second order kinetic and the Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption is a spontaneous process and favored at higher temperatures. The results show that the activated carbon derived from active sludge could be employed as a low-cost material for the removal of CV dye.
{"title":"Removal of crystal violet dye by a novel adsorbent derived from waste active sludge used in wastewater treatment","authors":"D. A. Sahbaz, Sahra Dandil, C. Acıkgoz","doi":"10.2166/WQRJ.2019.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.049","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study dealt with preparation of the activated carbon derived from active sludge as an adsorbent for the adsorption of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous solution. The waste active sludge was activated chemically with KOH and carbonized to get activated carbon with a large surface area and a high porosity. The activated carbon was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) instrument, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorption of CV from aqueous solution onto the activated carbon was investigated under varying conditions, such as adsorbent dosage (1–6 g/L), solution pH (4–9), contact time period (0–150 min), initial dye concentration (20–100 mg/L), and temperature (25–55 °C). 4.0 g/L of adsorbent dosage was chosen as the optimum level due to having a high removal rate (96.2%) (initial CV concentration 60 mg/L; 150 rpm; pH 6; 25 °C). The adsorption kinetic and adsorption isotherms were well described by the pseudo second order kinetic and the Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption is a spontaneous process and favored at higher temperatures. The results show that the activated carbon derived from active sludge could be employed as a low-cost material for the removal of CV dye.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44081510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liyu Chen, P. D'Aoust, C. Rennie, Alexandre J. Poulain, F. Pick, Ru Wang, R. Delatolla
Stormwater ponds (SWPs) are widely utilized for flood and water quality control. Low-flow rates are common in SWPs, sometimes causing wind-driven currents to become the dominant hydrodynamic force during ice-free periods. Hence, it is essential to understand the influence of the wind-induced flow on stratification and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in shallow SWPs to predict the performance and water quality of these systems. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of wind-driven circulation on the spatial distribution of DO in an SWP using a numerical model. A bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was utilized to measure small wind-induced currents and to validate a hydrodynamic model, which suggested that a wind-dominated circulation was generated even with the moderate wind speed. Countercurrents opposite in the direction to surface wind-generated flow were also present. The DO model demonstrated that complete mixing can be produced by higher wind speed, leading to fully oxic conditions throughout the water column (7.00 mg/L DO or higher), wherein low DO water at depth was carried to the surface by upwelling circulation and was possibly replenished during the surface transportation. This sheds some light on the impact of wind-induced mixing on the water quality in shallow SWPs.
{"title":"Numerical investigation on the impact of wind-induced hydraulics on dissolved oxygen characteristics in a shallow stormwater pond","authors":"Liyu Chen, P. D'Aoust, C. Rennie, Alexandre J. Poulain, F. Pick, Ru Wang, R. Delatolla","doi":"10.2166/WQRJ.2019.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Stormwater ponds (SWPs) are widely utilized for flood and water quality control. Low-flow rates are common in SWPs, sometimes causing wind-driven currents to become the dominant hydrodynamic force during ice-free periods. Hence, it is essential to understand the influence of the wind-induced flow on stratification and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in shallow SWPs to predict the performance and water quality of these systems. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of wind-driven circulation on the spatial distribution of DO in an SWP using a numerical model. A bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was utilized to measure small wind-induced currents and to validate a hydrodynamic model, which suggested that a wind-dominated circulation was generated even with the moderate wind speed. Countercurrents opposite in the direction to surface wind-generated flow were also present. The DO model demonstrated that complete mixing can be produced by higher wind speed, leading to fully oxic conditions throughout the water column (7.00 mg/L DO or higher), wherein low DO water at depth was carried to the surface by upwelling circulation and was possibly replenished during the surface transportation. This sheds some light on the impact of wind-induced mixing on the water quality in shallow SWPs.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47022390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. L. Breda, L. Ramsay, D. A. Søborg, R. Dimitrova, P. Roslev
Manganese (Mn) removal in drinking water filters is facilitated by biological and physico-chemical processes. However, there is limited information about the dominant processes for Mn removal in full-scale matured filters with different filter materials over filter depth. Water and filter material samples were collected from 10 full-scale drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) to characterise the Mn removal processes, to evaluate the potential use of enhancers and to gain further insight on operational conditions of matured filters for the efficient Mn removal. The first-order Mn removal constant at the DWTPs varied from 10−2 to 10−1 min−1. The amount of Mn coating on the filter material grains showed a strong correlation with the amount of iron, calcium and total coating, but no correlation with the concentration of ATP. Inhibition of biological activity showed that Mn removal in matured filters was dominated by physico-chemical processes (59–97%). Addition of phosphorus and trace metals showed limited effect on Mn removal capacity, indicating that the enhancement of Mn removal in matured filters is possible but challenging. There was limited effect of the filter material type (quartz, calcium carbonate and anthracite) on Mn removal in matured filters, which can be relevant information for the industry when assessing filter designs and determining returns of investments. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).
{"title":"Manganese removal processes at 10 groundwater fed full-scale drinking water treatment plants","authors":"I. L. Breda, L. Ramsay, D. A. Søborg, R. Dimitrova, P. Roslev","doi":"10.2166/WQRJ.2019.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Manganese (Mn) removal in drinking water filters is facilitated by biological and physico-chemical processes. However, there is limited information about the dominant processes for Mn removal in full-scale matured filters with different filter materials over filter depth. Water and filter material samples were collected from 10 full-scale drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) to characterise the Mn removal processes, to evaluate the potential use of enhancers and to gain further insight on operational conditions of matured filters for the efficient Mn removal. The first-order Mn removal constant at the DWTPs varied from 10−2 to 10−1 min−1. The amount of Mn coating on the filter material grains showed a strong correlation with the amount of iron, calcium and total coating, but no correlation with the concentration of ATP. Inhibition of biological activity showed that Mn removal in matured filters was dominated by physico-chemical processes (59–97%). Addition of phosphorus and trace metals showed limited effect on Mn removal capacity, indicating that the enhancement of Mn removal in matured filters is possible but challenging. There was limited effect of the filter material type (quartz, calcium carbonate and anthracite) on Mn removal in matured filters, which can be relevant information for the industry when assessing filter designs and determining returns of investments.\u0000 This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44571975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Arsalan, Azka Awais, Tingting Chen, Qinglin Sheng, Jianbin Zheng
In this research, novel PANI/BN-based absorbent was prepared by bonding polyaniline and bentonite for water remediation and their structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of pH, concentration of metal, and dosage amount on synthesized novel PANI/BN-based absorbent was investigated in detail. The result indicated that the PANI/BN-based absorbent has an excellent adsorption performance towards Cu, Pb, and Ni, and the highest binding capacity of 130 mg g−1 for Ni was obtained under normal conditions. The adsorption of PANI/BN absorbent was found to depend on pH when pH < 7.0, but the adsorption has been found independent from the ionic bond effect. The adsorption at optimum pH for Cu (pH 6) and Pb (pH 5) was observed as 85 mg g−1 and 105 mg g−1, respectively. The best results collected at those conditions of isotherm data and adsorption kinetics are represented by the Langmuir model and pseudo-second order equation, respectively. Thermodynamic results (ΔH > 0, ΔS > 0, ΔG < 0) showed that the adsorption process of Cu, Ni, and Pb is significantly increased by the synthesized novel PANI/BN-based absorbent.
{"title":"Development of PANI/BN-based absorbents for water remediation","authors":"M. Arsalan, Azka Awais, Tingting Chen, Qinglin Sheng, Jianbin Zheng","doi":"10.2166/WQRJ.2019.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this research, novel PANI/BN-based absorbent was prepared by bonding polyaniline and bentonite for water remediation and their structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of pH, concentration of metal, and dosage amount on synthesized novel PANI/BN-based absorbent was investigated in detail. The result indicated that the PANI/BN-based absorbent has an excellent adsorption performance towards Cu, Pb, and Ni, and the highest binding capacity of 130 mg g−1 for Ni was obtained under normal conditions. The adsorption of PANI/BN absorbent was found to depend on pH when pH < 7.0, but the adsorption has been found independent from the ionic bond effect. The adsorption at optimum pH for Cu (pH 6) and Pb (pH 5) was observed as 85 mg g−1 and 105 mg g−1, respectively. The best results collected at those conditions of isotherm data and adsorption kinetics are represented by the Langmuir model and pseudo-second order equation, respectively. Thermodynamic results (ΔH > 0, ΔS > 0, ΔG < 0) showed that the adsorption process of Cu, Ni, and Pb is significantly increased by the synthesized novel PANI/BN-based absorbent.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45791152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Babalola, A. O. Babalola, H. O. Adubiaro, O. Ayanda, S. Nelana, E. B. Naidoo
The removal of Pb(II) ions from synthetic wastewater using Delonix regia pods and leaves as low-cost biosorbents was investigated. The elemental, morphological and phase characterization of Delonix regia pods and leaves were examined before and after biosorption. The adsorption process at various pH values, contact times, initial concentration of Pb(II) ions and adsorbent doses was studied with the aim of investigating the consequences of these parameters on the process of biosorption. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm provided the best fit for the experimental data of the pods while the Freundlich isotherm gave a better fit for the leaves of Delonix regia. The optimum adsorption capacity of 30.27 mg/g for the pods and 27.60 mg/g for the leaves was achieved when 0.5 g of the adsorbent was mixed with 20 mL of 1,000 mg/L Pb(II) ions solution for 30 min at 21 ± 2 °C and a stirring speed of 18 rpm. The data obtained from the time-dependent experiment of the biosorbents followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This study showed that Delonix regia pods and leaves could be developed further as a low-cost sorbent that could be harnessed for removing Pb from industrial wastewater and thus limit water pollution from point sources.
研究了龙葵豆荚和龙葵叶作为低成本生物吸附剂对合成废水中Pb(II)离子的去除效果。研究了生物吸附前后龙葵豆荚和叶片的元素、形态和物相特征。研究了不同pH值、接触时间、Pb(II)离子初始浓度和吸附剂剂量对生物吸附过程的影响。Langmuir吸附等温线和Freundlich吸附等温线对龙参叶片的吸附数据拟合较好。当0.5 g吸附剂与20 mL 1,000 mg/L Pb(II)离子溶液在21±2℃、18 rpm搅拌下混合30 min时，豆荚的最佳吸附量为30.27 mg/g，叶片的最佳吸附量为27.60 mg/g。生物吸附剂随时间变化的实验数据符合准二级动力学模型。本研究表明，龙葵豆荚和龙葵叶可以作为一种低成本的吸附剂进一步开发，用于去除工业废水中的铅，从而限制点源水污染。
{"title":"Application of waste Delonix regia pods and leaves for the sorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution: kinetic and equilibrium studies","authors":"B. Babalola, A. O. Babalola, H. O. Adubiaro, O. Ayanda, S. Nelana, E. B. Naidoo","doi":"10.2166/WQRJ.2019.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The removal of Pb(II) ions from synthetic wastewater using Delonix regia pods and leaves as low-cost biosorbents was investigated. The elemental, morphological and phase characterization of Delonix regia pods and leaves were examined before and after biosorption. The adsorption process at various pH values, contact times, initial concentration of Pb(II) ions and adsorbent doses was studied with the aim of investigating the consequences of these parameters on the process of biosorption. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm provided the best fit for the experimental data of the pods while the Freundlich isotherm gave a better fit for the leaves of Delonix regia. The optimum adsorption capacity of 30.27 mg/g for the pods and 27.60 mg/g for the leaves was achieved when 0.5 g of the adsorbent was mixed with 20 mL of 1,000 mg/L Pb(II) ions solution for 30 min at 21 ± 2 °C and a stirring speed of 18 rpm. The data obtained from the time-dependent experiment of the biosorbents followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This study showed that Delonix regia pods and leaves could be developed further as a low-cost sorbent that could be harnessed for removing Pb from industrial wastewater and thus limit water pollution from point sources.","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2166/WQRJ.2019.045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42146361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-13DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_15
Claude E. Boyd
{"title":"Eutrophication","authors":"Claude E. Boyd","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79142541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-13DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17446-4_2
C. Boyd
{"title":"An Overview of Hydrology and Water Supply","authors":"C. Boyd","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-17446-4_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17446-4_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88235540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-13DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_16
Claude E. Boyd
{"title":"Sulfur","authors":"Claude E. Boyd","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88767543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-13DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_14
Claude E. Boyd
{"title":"Phosphorus","authors":"Claude E. Boyd","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23720,"journal":{"name":"Water Quality Research Journal","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76159268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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