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An Improved MSCNN and GRU Model for Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis 一种改进的MSCNN和GRU滚动轴承故障诊断模型
Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.5545/sv-jme.2022.459
Teng Wang, Youfu Tang, Tao Wang, Na Lei
In this paper, a novel fault diagnosis method based on the fusion of squeeze and excitation-multiscale convolutional neural networks (SENet-MSCNN) and gate recurrent unit (GRU) is proposed to address the problem of low diagnosis rate caused by the fact that normal samples are much larger than fault samples in the vibration big data. The method takes the time-domain vibration signal as input and fuses the spatial features extracted by SENet-MSCNN. The temporal features extracted by GRU in order to bring them into the fully connected layer for identification so as to realize the intelligent diagnosis of rolling bearing adaptive feature extraction. Finally, the method is applied to the simulated signal and experimental data for testing and analysis. The results reveal that the model can reach 98.98 % and 76.44 % migration diagnostic accuracy in bearing and gearbox datasets. At the same time, it has strong noise immunity, adaptivity, and robustness, providing an effective way for intelligent diagnosis of rolling bearing vibration big data.
针对振动大数据中正常样本远大于故障样本的问题,提出了一种基于挤压与激励融合的多尺度卷积神经网络(SENet-MSCNN)与门递归单元(GRU)相结合的故障诊断方法。该方法以时域振动信号为输入,融合由SENet-MSCNN提取的空间特征。将GRU提取的时序特征带入全连通层进行识别,从而实现滚动轴承自适应特征提取的智能诊断。最后,将该方法应用于仿真信号和实验数据进行测试和分析。结果表明,该模型在轴承和齿轮箱数据集上的偏移诊断准确率分别达到98.98%和76.44%。同时,具有较强的抗噪性、自适应性和鲁棒性,为滚动轴承振动大数据的智能诊断提供了有效途径。
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引用次数: 1
Prioritizing the Key Actors of an Organization for Business Excellence Using the Efficient Interpretive Ranking Process 利用有效的解释性排名过程对企业卓越组织的关键角色进行优先排序
Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.5545/sv-jme.2023.543
Sumit Kumar, Pardeep Gupta
Flexibilities are involved in the process of decision-making. They offer much freedom of choice in terms of the selection of suitable actors who interact with the dynamic environment of the organization. This paper presents a systematic and holistic approach to ranking key actors responsible for the business excellence of an organization. The study highlights the area where the actors of the organization should focus on achieving desired business excellence. It portrays the outcome in the form that top management is the most influential actor since it is responsible for the formulation of the vision/mission of the organization along with the setting of plant quality targets, cost-saving targets, manpower planning, and policy formulation for energy-saving. Top management is followed by cross-function teams (CFTs) and the government of India (GOI) in terms of interaction with the various processes. The novelty of this case study is that it utilizes qualitative and interpretive tools for the analysis, which does not require much statistical knowledge to produce outcomes, and the results are easy to understand. The reported results are in consensus with the results reported by various studies that are conducted using quantitative tools like Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), total interpretive structural modelling (TISM), etc. that require statistical excellence for the calculation, interpretation, and dissemination of results to the general public and shopfloor employees.
决策过程中涉及到灵活性。在选择与组织的动态环境交互的合适参与者方面,它们提供了很大的选择自由。本文提出了一种系统和全面的方法来对负责组织卓越业务的关键角色进行排名。该研究强调了组织的参与者应该专注于实现期望的业务卓越的领域。它以最高管理层是最有影响力的行为者的形式描绘了结果,因为它负责制定组织的愿景/使命,以及制定工厂质量目标、成本节约目标、人力规划和节能政策。高层管理人员之后是跨职能团队(CFTs)和印度政府(GOI)与各个流程的互动。本案例研究的新颖之处在于,它利用定性和解释性工具进行分析,不需要太多的统计知识就能产生结果,而且结果很容易理解。报告的结果与使用定量工具(如层次分析法(AHP)、理想解决方案相似性偏好排序技术(TOPSIS)、总解释结构模型(TISM)等)进行的各种研究报告的结果一致,这些研究要求在计算、解释和向公众和车间员工传播结果方面具有统计上的卓越性。
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引用次数: 0
A Study Using the Hybrid Fuzzy AHP&TOPSIS Method in the Conversion of a LEED-Certified Education Building into a Nearly Zero-Energy Building in a Cold Climate 混合模糊AHP&amp TOPSIS法在寒冷气候条件下leed认证教育建筑近零能耗改造中的应用研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.5545/sv-jme.2023.529
Ali Celik, Bayram Sahin, Eyüphan Manay, Abit Balin
In cold climate regions, it is essential to design and manufacture energy-efficient buildings for both economic benefits and the reduction of environmental effects by controlling energy consumption. This study aimed to increase the cost-effective energy performance and approach the nearly zero energy building (nZEB) by taking the leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED) in the cold climate region of Turkey as a model. The results of single and mixed scenarios that increase energy efficiency were determined by making energy modelling of the building. By applying single and mixed energy efficiency scenarios, a maximum saving of 85.60 % per year in terms of primary energy, an improvement of 83.6 % in terms of global costs and a reduction of 86.4 % in CO2 emissions were obtained compared to the reference building. The payback period of the scenarios is between 3.8 years and 14.53 years. The most suitable single and mixed scenario was determined by a systematic hybrid model, in which the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods among multi-criteria decision-making methods are used together. The results showed that economic criteria were decisive in determining the most suitable scenario for cold climate regions. The results of this study revealed that there can be a realistic decision-support model for the creation of energy-efficient buildings for countries without the need for foreign certification.
在寒冷气候地区,通过控制能耗来设计和制造节能建筑,既能获得经济效益,又能减少对环境的影响。本研究以土耳其寒冷气候地区领先的能源与环境设计(LEED)为模型,旨在提高具有成本效益的能源性能,接近近零能耗建筑(nZEB)。提高能源效率的单一和混合场景的结果是通过对建筑进行能源建模来确定的。通过应用单一和混合能源效率方案,与参考建筑相比,一次能源每年最多节省85.60%,全球成本提高83.6%,二氧化碳排放量减少86.4%。各方案的投资回收期在3.8年至14.53年之间。将多准则决策方法中的模糊层次分析法(FAHP)和理想解相似性偏好排序法(TOPSIS)相结合,建立系统混合模型,确定最适合的单一和混合方案。结果表明,经济标准在确定最适合寒冷气候地区的情景时起决定性作用。本研究的结果表明,对于不需要国外认证的国家来说,节能建筑的创建可以有一个现实的决策支持模型。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Study and Numerical Analysis on Windage Power Loss Characteristics of Aviation Spiral Bevel Gear with Oil Injection Lubrication 喷油润滑航空螺旋锥齿轮气动功率损失特性的实验研究与数值分析
Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.5545/sv-jme.2023.558
Linlin Li, Sanmin Wang
With the increasing speed of aviation spiral bevel gears, the load-independent windage power losses caused by hydrodynamic have increasingly more influence on gear transmission efficiency. Firstly, a test rig for the windage power loss of spiral bevel gear under oil-jet lubrication is established, and on this basis, a method for measuring windage torque is proposed. Next, the interactive effects of different injection lubrication parameters on the windage power loss were studied by orthogonal experiment, and the formula for calculating the windage loss was obtained by fitting the experimental data. Then, the fluid distribution, velocity field and pressure field around the gear were analysed by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical model, and the mechanical and energy characteristics of the gear windage power loss were obtained. Finally, the dimensionless processing of the windage moment was carried out, and the variation of the dimensionless windage moment coefficient with the rotational Reynolds number is obtained. The comparison between the dimensionless windage moment coefficient of experimental data and simulation results shows that the CFD values are in good agreement with the measured data. This study provides experimental and methodological guidance for the calculation of windage power loss and windage reduction design of aviation gear pair under oil injection lubrication.
随着航空螺旋锥齿轮转速的提高,由流体动力引起的与载荷无关的间隙功率损失对齿轮传动效率的影响越来越大。首先,建立了喷油润滑下螺旋锥齿轮的风功率损失试验台,并在此基础上提出了一种测量风力矩的方法。其次,通过正交试验研究了不同喷射润滑参数对风功率损失的交互影响,并对实验数据进行拟合,得到风功率损失的计算公式。然后,利用计算流体动力学(CFD)数值模型分析了齿轮周围的流体分布、速度场和压力场,得到了齿轮间隙功率损失的力学和能量特性。最后对其进行了无因次处理,得到了无因次力矩系数随旋转雷诺数的变化规律。将实验数据与仿真结果进行了比较,结果表明CFD计算值与实测数据吻合较好。该研究为喷油润滑下航空齿轮副的风功率损失计算和减风设计提供了实验和方法上的指导。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-Objective Optimization of the Chebyshev Lambda Mechanism Chebyshev Lambda机构的多目标优化
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.5545/sv-jme.2022.349
Daniel Miler, Dominik Birt, Matija Hoić
Walking mechanisms are a solution for cases in which wheels are not applicable, such as uneven or stepped surfaces and surfaces withobstacles. Furthermore, it is possible to tailor mechanism footpaths to expected working conditions through optimization. Thus, in this paper, a mechanism optimization process was proposed, focusing on single-leg performance. Numerical Simulink calculations were used to determine objective function values, which were then input to a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) for optimization. In each following generation, NSGA-II provided a new set of units for evaluation. The procedure was applied to the single leg of the Chebyshev lambda mechanism to better illustrate it, enabling a comprehensive analysis of candidates. Four objective functions (i.e., length in the x-direction, trajectory height variation, maximum foot acceleration, and foot speed fluctuation) were used to carry out a multi-objective optimization. The calculation time was approximately 2 s/unit.
行走机构是一种解决方案,在这种情况下,车轮是不适用的,如不平整或台阶的表面和表面的障碍。此外,可以通过优化来定制机构路径以适应预期的工作条件。因此,本文提出了一种以单腿性能为核心的机构优化流程。通过Numerical Simulink计算确定目标函数值,然后将目标函数值输入非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)进行优化。在接下来的每一代中,NSGA-II都提供了一套新的评估单元。该程序应用于切比雪夫lambda机制的单腿,以便更好地说明它,从而能够对候选对象进行全面分析。采用x方向长度、轨迹高度变化、足部最大加速度、足部速度波动4个目标函数进行多目标优化。计算时间约为2秒/单位。
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引用次数: 0
Predictions of Mechanical Properties of Quenched and Tempered Steel 调质钢力学性能的预测
Pub Date : 2011-02-15 DOI: 10.5545/86_DOI_NOT_ASSIGNED
B. Smoljan, D. Iljkić, Furio Traven
Mechanical properties of quenched steel directly depend on the degree of quenched steel hardening. Fracture toughness and fatigue limit depend on microstructural constituents, and distribution of the usual intermetallic particles and non-metallic inclusions. Fatigue resistance of quenched and tempered steel is achieved by eliminating coarse alloy carbides present in steel. Properties of matrix may also have an important influence on fracture and fatigue proper behaviour. Most high-strength materials are fracture and fatigue limited. Fatigue strength is directly proportional to the difficulty of dislocation cross slip. Grain size has its greatest effect on fatigue life in the low-stress, high-cycle regime. In this paper, fatigue crack initiation threshold of quenched and tempered steel is predicted. The method of computer simulation of mechanical properties was applied for a workpiece of complex form made of quenched and tempered steel. Distribution of as-quenched hardness within workpiece of complex form was predicted by computer simulation of steel quenching using the finite volume method. Microstructure composition and hardness of tempered steel were predicted based on as-quenched hardness. Fatigue crack initiation threshold of quenched and tempered steel were predicted based on microstructure composition and hardness. It was found that the proposed method can be successfully applied in calculating fatigue crack initiation threshold of quenched and tempered steel.
淬火钢的力学性能直接取决于淬火钢的硬化程度。断裂韧性和疲劳极限取决于显微组织成分、常见的金属间颗粒和非金属夹杂物的分布。淬火和回火钢的抗疲劳性能是通过消除钢中存在的粗合金碳化物来实现的。基体的性能也可能对断裂和疲劳性能有重要影响。大多数高强度材料具有断裂和疲劳限制。疲劳强度与位错交叉滑移的难度成正比。在低应力、高循环状态下,晶粒尺寸对疲劳寿命的影响最大。本文对调质钢的疲劳裂纹起裂阈值进行了预测。采用计算机模拟的方法对调质钢复杂形状工件的力学性能进行了研究。采用有限体积法对钢淬火过程进行计算机模拟,预测了复杂形状工件淬火态硬度的分布。根据淬火硬度预测回火钢的组织组成和硬度。根据组织组成和硬度对调质钢疲劳裂纹起裂阈值进行了预测。结果表明,该方法可以成功地应用于调质钢疲劳裂纹起裂阈值的计算。
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引用次数: 12
Analysis of Innovation Concepts in Slovenian Manufacturing Companies 斯洛文尼亚制造企业的创新理念分析
Pub Date : 2010-12-15 DOI: 10.5545/158_DOI_NOT_ASSIGNED
I. Palčič, B. Buchmeister, A. Polajnar
Competitive advantages of manufacturing companies are not only generated by R&D based product innovations, but also by technical and non-technical process innovations aiming to modernise manufacturing processes. This paper presents the use of selected innovation concepts in Slovenian manufacturing companies. Later we analyse the relationship of the use of selected technical and organisational innovation concepts and companies’ performance indicators. The results show that R&D expenses and innovation concepts are not always correlated and that there is a difference in utilising innovation concepts between low, medium and high-tech industries. The data were obtained with The European Manufacturing Survey (EMS) that was conducted in 2009 within nine European countries. For the purpose of this paper the data of Slovenian manufacturing companies have been used.
制造企业的竞争优势不仅来自以研发为基础的产品创新,还来自旨在实现制造流程现代化的技术和非技术流程创新。本文介绍了斯洛文尼亚制造企业使用选定创新概念的情况。随后,我们分析了所选技术和组织创新概念的使用与公司业绩指标之间的关系。结果表明,研发费用与创新概念并不总是相关联,而且低、中、高技术产业在使用创新概念方面存在差异。数据来自 2009 年在九个欧洲国家进行的欧洲制造业调查(EMS)。本文使用了斯洛文尼亚制造企业的数据。
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引用次数: 33
Entropy generation and exergy efficiency in adiabatic mixing of nitrogen and oxygen streams of different temperatures and environmental pressures 不同温度和环境压力的氮氧流绝热混合的熵产和火用效率
Pub Date : 2010-11-15 DOI: 10.5545/160_DOI_NOT_ASSIGNED
A. Galovic, Nenad Ferdelji, Saša Mudrinić
The paper presents a non-dimensional model of entropy generation and exergy efficiency in the adiabatic mixing of a nitrogen stream and oxygen stream with different temperatures and environmental pressure. The resulting mixture has the same, i.e. environmental, pressure. Non-dimensional variables in the model represent the ratio of thermodynamic stream temperatures u, the ratio between the thermodynamic temperature of one stream and the environmental temperature u1, and the mole fraction y1 of one of the streams. The model comprises irreversibility due to different temperatures of streams because of the mixing of different gases, while exergies of streams also comprise their mole fractions in the ambient air (atmosphere). In this respect, the model takes the standard values of mole fractions of oxygen and nitrogen of yO2 = 0.21 and yN2 = 0.79. The values of stream mole fractions at which maximum values of entropy generation and minimum values of exergy efficiencies occur are given. Calculation results are given in respective diagrams.
本文建立了不同温度和环境压力下氮氧绝热混合过程中熵产和火用效率的无量纲模型。所得到的混合物具有相同的压力,即环境压力。模型中的无量纲变量表示热力学流温度的比值u,一条流的热力学温度与环境温度的比值u1,以及其中一条流的摩尔分数y1。该模型包含了由于不同气体混合而产生的不同温度流的不可逆性,而流的火能也包含了它们在周围空气(大气)中的摩尔分数。为此,模型取氧和氮的摩尔分数yO2 = 0.21, yN2 = 0.79的标准值。给出了熵产最大值和火用效率最小值处的流摩尔分数值。计算结果以图表形式给出。
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引用次数: 1
Practical Applications of Set-Based Concurrent Engineering in Industry 基于集合的并行工程在工业中的实际应用
Pub Date : 2010-11-15 DOI: 10.5545/149_DOI_NOT_ASSIGNED
D. Raudberget
Set-Based Concurrent Engineering is sometimes seen as a means to dramatic improvements in product design processes. In spite of its popularity in literature, the number of reported applications has so far been limited. This paper adds new information by describing implementations of Set-Based Concurrent Engineering in four product developing companies. The research took a case study approach, with the objective to investigate if the principles of Set-Based Concurrent Engineering can improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of the development process. The study shows that set-based projects can be driven within an existing organization, if given proper support. The participants claim that a set-based approach has a positive effects on development performance, especially on the level of innovation, product cost and performance. The improvements were achieved at the expense of slightly higher development costs and longer lead time. However, the positive effects are dominating and the companies involved intend to use Set-Based Concurrent Engineering in future projects when appropriate.
基于集合的并行工程有时被视为产品设计过程中显著改进的一种手段。尽管它在文献中很受欢迎,但迄今为止报道的应用数量有限。本文通过描述基于集合的并行工程在四个产品开发公司中的实现,增加了新的信息。本研究采用案例研究的方法,目的在于探讨基于集合的并行工程原理是否能够提高开发过程的效率和有效性。该研究表明,如果给予适当的支持,基于集合的项目可以在现有组织中进行。参与者声称,基于集合的方法对开发绩效有积极的影响,特别是在创新水平、产品成本和性能方面。这些改进是以稍高的开发成本和较长的交货时间为代价的。然而,积极的影响占主导地位,相关公司打算在适当的情况下在未来的项目中使用基于集合的并发工程。
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引用次数: 76
Alternative to the Conventional Heating and Cooling Systems in Public Buildings 公共建筑中传统供暖和制冷系统的替代方案
Pub Date : 2010-09-15 DOI: 10.5545/139_DOI_NOT_ASSIGNED
M. Košir, A. Krainer, M. Dovjak, Rudi Perdan, Ž. Kristl
The paper presents an alternative system for heating and cooling in public buildings. The system was designed for the retrofitted building of the Slovene Ethnographic Museum (SEM) where it was also extensively tested. The installed system includes radiant wall mounted panels for heating and cooling, localized automated tangential fans for cooling and ventilation and a centralized building management system for the regulation and supervision of the performance. The efficiency of the system was thoroughly investigated through a series of experiments conducted prior to the renovation of the building as well as after the museum was put into service. The application of the described system resulted in substantial reduction of energy consumption, better internal thermal conditions and lower investment costs for the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system of the entire building. (C)2010 Journal of Mechanical Engineering. All rights reserved.
本文介绍了一种用于公共建筑供暖和制冷的替代系统。该系统是为斯洛文尼亚民族博物馆(SEM)的改造建筑而设计的,在那里它也进行了广泛的测试。安装的系统包括用于加热和冷却的辐射墙板,用于冷却和通风的局部自动切向风扇,以及用于调节和监督性能的集中建筑管理系统。在建筑翻新之前以及博物馆投入使用后,通过一系列实验彻底调查了该系统的效率。上述系统的应用大大降低了能耗,改善了内部热条件,降低了整个建筑的供暖、通风和空调(HVAC)系统的投资成本。(C)2010机械工程学报。版权所有。
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引用次数: 23
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Strojniški vestnik
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