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Modelling of flow boiling process in small diameter tubes 小直径管内流动沸腾过程的模拟
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2004.INTTHERMSCISEMIN.800
D. Mikielewicz, J. Mikielewicz
In the paper presented is application of a correlation describing flow boiling data, developed for conventional tubes, to small diameter tubes. Comparison between data from literature and calculated values has been made, which gives poor agreement and indicates that substantially more research is required to develop correlations with theoretical foundations to predict heat transfer in small diameter channels.
本文介绍了一种描述流动沸腾数据的关系式的应用,这种关系式是为常规管开发的,也适用于小直径管。将文献数据与计算值进行了比较,结果不太一致,表明需要进行更多的研究,以建立与理论基础的相关性,以预测小直径通道的传热。
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引用次数: 3
Modelling of vertical wall influence on the single bubble motion 垂直壁面对单泡运动影响的模拟
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2004.INTTHERMSCISEMIN.750
D. Mikielewicz, J. Wajs
In this paper authors would like to present the results of experimental investigations and modelling of repulsive force acting on the rigid sphere (representing the bubble) in its flow along the vertical wall. It has beenfound that such force has a periodical character and depends on the flow Reynolds number. Comparison between measured and calculated values has been made, which gives satisfactory agreement.
本文介绍了刚性球体(代表气泡)沿垂直壁面流动时的排斥力的实验研究和模型的结果。研究发现,这种力具有周期性,且与流动雷诺数有关。对实测值与计算值进行了比较,结果令人满意。
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引用次数: 0
Heat transfer distribution for a free/porous system with forced convection and heat generation : a numerical study 具有强制对流和热生成的自由/多孔系统的传热分布:数值研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2004.INTTHERMSCISEMIN.1150
A. Sousa
This paper reports on a numerical study for steady flow and heat transfer distribution for a configuration relevant to Liquid Composite Molding, where a gap between a porous substrate and the solid boundary of a mold cavity yields an edge flow. The flow within the porous domain is modeled by the Brinkman-Forchheimer formulation, and the edge flow itself is described by the Navier-Stokes equations. The cure of the fluid (resin) is simulated as a volumetric heat generation. The predictions are obtained using a well-tested control-volume finite element method, however, a novel methodology had to be devised to define the interface between the free and porous system. The most relevant finding is the critical role of the gap upon the quality of the part. The presence of the gap can reduce substantially the average flow through the porous substrate, therefore yielding high temperature levels in this region. These temperatures may be sufficiently high to cause serious defects to the part being molded.
本文报告了一项与液体复合成型有关的配置的稳定流动和传热分布的数值研究,其中多孔基材和模腔固体边界之间的间隙产生边缘流动。多孔区域内的流动由Brinkman-Forchheimer公式模拟,边缘流动本身由Navier-Stokes方程描述。流体(树脂)的固化模拟为体积热生成。这些预测是使用经过良好测试的控制体积有限元方法获得的,然而,必须设计一种新的方法来定义自由和多孔系统之间的界面。最相关的发现是间隙对零件质量的关键作用。间隙的存在可以大大减少通过多孔基板的平均流量,因此在该区域产生高温水平。这些温度可能足够高,导致正在成型的零件严重缺陷。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical study of thermal streak spacing in turbulent boundary layer with constant heat-flux boundary condition 等热流边界条件下湍流边界层热条纹间距的数值研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2000.THERSIEPROCVOL2THERSIEPROCVOL1.240
I. Tiselj, E. Pogrebnyak, A. Mosyak, G. Hetsroni
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the fully developed thermal field in a flume was performed. Constant heat flux boundary condition was imposed on the heated bottom in a way, which allowed tracing of the temperature fluctuations on the wall. Free surface boundary conditions for momentum and adiabatic boundary condition for temperature were applied on the free surface. Ill-posedness of the energy equation with such boundary conditions was removed with an additional constrain: average non-dimensional wall temperature was fixed to zero. DNS was performed at constant friction Reynolds number Re=171 and Prandtl numbers 1 and 5.4. The type of the boundary condition did not affect the profile of the mean temperature. The main difference between two types of boundary conditions is in the temperature RMS fluctuations, which retain a nonzero value on the wall for constant heat flux boundary condition, and zero for constant non-dimensional temperature. Certain changes are visible also in the behavior of skewness, flatness, and other turbulent statistics in the near-wall region. An important issue is the difference between the thermal streak spacing on the isoflux wall and the velocity streak spacing near the wall. While the thermal streaks closely follow the velocity streaks for isotemperature wall boundary condition, the temperature streaks near the isoflux wall do not coincide with the velocity low speed streaks. The DNS shows that thermal streak spacing near the wall depends on Prandtl number. Thermal streak spacing is larger than the velocity streak spacing and is approaching to the well known value of the velocity streak spacing (90-100 wall units) at Prandtl number Pr=5.4.
对水槽内完全展开的热场进行了直接数值模拟。在加热底部施加恒热流密度边界条件,可以对壁面温度波动进行追踪。在自由表面上应用了动量的自由表面边界条件和温度的绝热边界条件。在此边界条件下,能量方程的病态性通过附加约束消除:将平均无因次壁面温度固定为零。恒摩擦雷诺数Re=171,普朗特数1和5.4进行DNS。边界条件的类型对平均温度的分布没有影响。两种边界条件的主要区别在于温度均方根波动,在恒定热流边界条件下,温度均方根波动在壁面上保持非零值,而在恒定无因次温度条件下,温度均方根波动在壁面上保持零值。在近壁区域的偏度、平整度和其他湍流统计数据的行为中也可以看到某些变化。一个重要的问题是等通量壁面上的热条纹间距和壁面附近的速度条纹间距之间的差异。在等温壁面边界条件下,热条纹与速度条纹密切相关,而等流壁面附近的温度条纹与速度低速条纹不重合。DNS表明,壁面附近的热条纹间距与普朗特数有关。热条纹间距大于速度条纹间距,并在普朗特数Pr=5.4时接近已知的速度条纹间距值(90-100壁单位)。
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引用次数: 2
Experimental investigation and mathematical modelling of heat transfer coefficient in double slope solar still 双斜面太阳蒸馏器传热系数的实验研究与数学建模
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5545/SV-JME.2021.7156
R. Patel, Anshul Yadav, J. Winczek
n this study, a double slope solar still has been designed and fabricated with the help of locally available materials for the climatic condition of Sultanpur, India. The experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of basin water, wind velocity on the heat transfer coefficient (convective, evaporative, and radiative) and yield of solar still. A mathematical model is developed to understand the impact of wind velocity and basin water depth in the double slope solar still on the heat transfer coefficient. It was found that the convective heat transfer coefficient depends upon the water mass and the temperature of basin mass, and glass cover temperature. The maximum value of hew (55.05 W/(m2K) and 31.80 W/(m2K)) and hcw , (2.48 W/(m2K) and 2.38 W/(m2K)) found for depths of 2 cm and 5 cm, respectively. The radiative heat transfer coefficient found to be a maximum of 8.31 W/(m2K) for 2 cm depth, and it increases as the condensation increases, because the glass surface temperature increases as vapour transfers its energy to the surface. On increasing the depth from 2 cm to 5 cm, the yield from the solar still decreases by 25.45 %. The maximum yield of 2.5 l/m2/day was found for a 2 cm water depth. The theoretical and experimental yield agreed with an error of 7.5 %, 3.25 %, 7.4 %, and 8.4 % for water depths of 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm, respectively. It was also found that the yield from the solar still increases as the wind speed increase because this leads the faster condensation at the glass surface.
在这项研究中,根据印度Sultanpur的气候条件,在当地可用材料的帮助下,设计和制造了一个双斜面太阳能塔。通过实验研究了盆水、风速对太阳能蒸馏器对流、蒸发、辐射传热系数和产率的影响。建立了双斜面太阳蒸馏器中风速和盆水深度对传热系数影响的数学模型。研究发现,对流换热系数与水质量、盆质量温度和玻璃盖温度有关。深度为2 cm和5 cm时,hew的最大值分别为55.05 W/(m2K)和31.80 W/(m2K), hcw的最大值分别为2.48 W/(m2K)和2.38 W/(m2K)。在2 cm深度处,辐射换热系数最大,为8.31 W/(m2K),并且随着冷凝的增加而增加,这是由于蒸汽将其能量转移到玻璃表面而使玻璃表面温度升高。当深度从2 cm增加到5 cm时,太阳能产率仍下降25.45%。当水深为2 cm时,产量最高可达2.5 l/m2/d。在水深为2 cm、3 cm、4 cm和5 cm时,理论和实验结果的误差分别为7.5%、3.25%、7.4%和8.4%。研究还发现,随着风速的增加,太阳能的产率仍然增加,因为这导致玻璃表面的冷凝更快。
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引用次数: 1
Mechanical properties of adhesive joints made with pressure-sensitive adhesives 压敏胶粘剂粘接接头的力学性能
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5545/SV-JME.2021.7253
A. Rudawská, M. Wahab
The paper aims to determine the mechanical properties of the adhesive joints made with acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives. Two types of double-sided acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are used. Three construction materials are used to prepare the adhesive joints: structural steel sheet (C45), aluminium alloy sheet (EN-AW 5754), and titanium sheet (Grade 2). Strength tests of adhesive joints made with the pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are carried out both after conditioning time at room temperature (23 °C) and subjected to thermal shocks (500 cycles: +60 °C / -40 °C). Strength tests are carried out based on the DIN EN 1465 standard on a Zwick/Roell Z150 testing machine. The main conclusion from the tests carried out was the positive effect of thermal shocks on the mechanical strength of joints bonded with pressure-sensitive adhesive tape.
本文旨在测定用丙烯酸压敏胶制作的粘接接头的力学性能。使用两种双面丙烯酸压敏胶带。粘接接头使用三种建筑材料:结构钢板(C45)、铝合金板(EN-AW 5754)和钛板(2级)。用压敏胶带制成的粘接接头在室温(23℃)条件下进行强度测试,并进行热冲击(500次循环:+60℃/ -40℃)。强度测试是在Zwick/Roell Z150试验机上根据DIN EN 1465标准进行的。所进行的试验的主要结论是热冲击对压敏胶带粘合接头的机械强度有积极影响。
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引用次数: 3
Numerical investigation on the effects of nozzle geometry on the performance of a pulse detonation engine 喷管几何形状对脉冲爆震发动机性能影响的数值研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2004.INTTHERMSCISEMIN.1020
M. Amin, Hasan Z. Rouf, J. Cambier
A numerical study is presented on the effects of various nozzle geometries and operating conditions on the performance of a Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE). An unsteady numerical simulation model, which is second order accurate in space and first order accurate in time, using an automated Java based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is presented. One- and two-dimensional transient CFD models were employed in a systematic manner to study the propulsive performance characteristics of the PDE under different operating conditions. Preliminary studies of the effects of nozzle geometry on the performance characteristics of a generic PDE are presented. The results indicate that an expanding nozzle, capable of adapting with the cycle time and the ambient pressure, is very suitable for optimizing the PDE performance. Addition of a straight, diverging or converging nozzle improves the performance. However, it is observed that there is an optimum value of the exit area of a divergent nozzle for performance improvement. At low ambient pressure addition of a nozzle increases the specific impulse of the PDE tube. It is also seen that a diverging nozzle is more effective than a converging-diverging nozzle at low ambient pressure. The study indicates that increased volume of the reacting fuel mixture has a negative effect on the PDE performance. The results show that a 25% reduction of the reacting fuel mixture leads to approximately 18% increase in the value of the specific impulse.
本文对不同喷嘴形状和工作条件对脉冲爆震发动机性能的影响进行了数值研究。利用基于Java的自动计算流体力学(CFD)软件,建立了空间上二阶精度、时间上一阶精度的非定常数值模拟模型。采用一维和二维瞬态CFD模型系统地研究了PDE在不同工况下的推进性能特性。本文介绍了喷嘴几何形状对通用PDE性能特性影响的初步研究。结果表明,能够适应循环时间和环境压力的膨胀喷嘴是优化PDE性能的理想选择。增加一个直的、发散的或收敛的喷嘴提高了性能。然而,我们观察到,为了提高性能,发散式喷管的出口面积存在一个最优值。在较低的环境压力下,增加喷嘴增加了PDE管的比脉冲。还可以看出,在低环境压力下,发散喷嘴比收敛-发散喷嘴更有效。研究表明,增加反应燃料混合物的体积对PDE性能有负面影响。结果表明,反应燃料混合物减少25%,导致比冲值增加约18%。
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引用次数: 3
Numerical Simulation on Mixed Convection in a Porous Medium Heated by a Vertical Cylinder 垂直圆柱加热多孔介质混合对流的数值模拟
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2004.INTTHERMSCISEMIN.1050
Ling Li, S. Kimura
Numerical simulation has been performed for mixed convection of heated vertical cylinder with a constant temperature in a saturated porous medium subjected to lateral flow. Four different geometric aspect ratios 5,10,25 and 50 were considered, which give ratios of axial length to diameter. Based on dimensional analysis and nonlinear regression, correlations for the Nusselt number against the Rayleigh and the Peclet numbers have been obtained. It is shown that the average Nusselt number (Nu) is a function of the Rayleigh number (Ra d ) and the Peclet number ( Pe ): Nu=3.1√Pe for Ra d /Pe 1. As compared with Nu = 3.1√Pe for the case of horizontal forced flow around a vertical cylinder, the results of this investigation indicates that heat transfer can be remarkable enhanced by natural convection when forced convection is weak.
对饱和多孔介质中受横向流动影响的恒温加热垂直圆柱混合对流进行了数值模拟。考虑了四种不同的几何纵横比5、10、25和50,它们给出了轴向长度与直径的比率。基于量纲分析和非线性回归,得到了Nusselt数与Rayleigh数和Peclet数的相关性。结果表明,平均努塞尔数(Nu)是瑞利数(Ra d)和佩莱特数(Pe)的函数:对于Ra d /Pe 1, Nu=3.1√Pe。
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引用次数: 3
Numerical computation of turbulent conjugate heat transfer in air heater 空气加热器湍流共轭传热的数值计算
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ICHMT.2004.INTTHERMSCISEMIN.980
M. Hriberšek, B. Širok, Z. Žunić, L. Skerget
The contribution deals with numerical simulation of conjugate heat transfer in air heater of the laundry dryer. The heat transfer consists of internal heat generation in the electrical heating coils, forced convection from the coils to the air and heat conduction through the metal walls of the heater. In order to simplify the computational mesh the porous media concept was used for discretization of electrical coils. A special attention was given to the selection of a turbulence model, capable of accurate solution of conjugate heat transfer. After extensive testings the SST model, used in the numerical code CFX5, was selected. The computational results were compared with results of velocity and temperature measurements on the device in the laundry dryer, and good agreement was observed.
本文研究了洗衣烘干机空气加热器内共轭传热的数值模拟。传热包括电加热线圈内部产生的热量,从线圈到空气的强制对流以及通过加热器金属壁的热传导。为了简化计算网格,采用多孔介质概念对线圈进行离散化。特别注意了湍流模型的选择,该模型能够精确地求解共轭传热。经过广泛的测试,选择了数值代码CFX5中使用的海温模型。计算结果与该装置的速度和温度测量结果进行了比较,结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 5
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Strojniški vestnik
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