{"title":"PEDESTRIAN MOBILITY IN THE PROXIMITY OF CONSTRUCTION SITES: AN APPROACH TO ANALYSE AND IMPROVE THE PEDESTRIAN EXPERIENCE","authors":"Alessio Moricca, Vedrana Ikalović","doi":"10.2495/ssr220051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73194302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Carbonelli, R. Quaranta, A. Malizia, P. Gaudio, Daniele Di Giovanni, Grace P. Xerri
{"title":"BUILDING VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR EXPLOSIVE AND CBR TERRORIST ATTACKS","authors":"M. Carbonelli, R. Quaranta, A. Malizia, P. Gaudio, Daniele Di Giovanni, Grace P. Xerri","doi":"10.2495/ssr220081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81316518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past decade, enterprises have been increasingly suffering from attacks conducted by cybercriminals. Potential losses are not only reflected on their revenue or stolen data, but also on their damaged reputation. Most often, these attacks were possible due to the successful exploitation of vulnerabilities within the company’s system. Many of such attacks could have been mitigated, if responsible actors took the right actions related to the management of such vulnerabilities. This paper aims to summarize good practices regarding vulnerability management, with essential focus on the matter of prioritization. For this, several vulnerability scoring systems such as the Common Vulnerability Scoring System were analyzed according to the way they are portrayed in scientific literature. It will also analyze non-technical, human factors as well by reflecting on organizational aspects. The aim is to provide an overview about the options large enterprises have in this regard and to inform about potential consequences they could face. It will also reflect on the problematic behind the trade-off between investing enough in a cybersecurity foundation, while simultaneously remaining profitable.
{"title":"BEST PRACTICES FOR VULNERABILITY MANAGEMENT IN LARGE ENTERPRISES: A CRITICAL VIEW ON THE COMMON VULNERABILITY SCORING SYSTEM","authors":"Jaqueline Hans, R. Brandtweiner","doi":"10.2495/ssr220101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220101","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, enterprises have been increasingly suffering from attacks conducted by cybercriminals. Potential losses are not only reflected on their revenue or stolen data, but also on their damaged reputation. Most often, these attacks were possible due to the successful exploitation of vulnerabilities within the company’s system. Many of such attacks could have been mitigated, if responsible actors took the right actions related to the management of such vulnerabilities. This paper aims to summarize good practices regarding vulnerability management, with essential focus on the matter of prioritization. For this, several vulnerability scoring systems such as the Common Vulnerability Scoring System were analyzed according to the way they are portrayed in scientific literature. It will also analyze non-technical, human factors as well by reflecting on organizational aspects. The aim is to provide an overview about the options large enterprises have in this regard and to inform about potential consequences they could face. It will also reflect on the problematic behind the trade-off between investing enough in a cybersecurity foundation, while simultaneously remaining profitable.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82929648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE RESILIENCE OF CROSS-BORDER CRITICAL TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE","authors":"F. Borghetti, G. Marchionni","doi":"10.2495/ssr220071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73406990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NANOMATERIAL ADDITIONS IN CLAY-BASED COMPOSITES","authors":"Ivan Vrdoljak, I. Miličević, Slavko Rupčić","doi":"10.2495/ssr220131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"500 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77076607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonella Pireddu, M. Lombardi, S. Bruzzone, D. Berardi
Tunnel extension is an under-analysed variable in road tunnel accidents despite being a dimensioning parameter for the purposes of users’ safety according to Directive 2004/54/EC. Recent studies have shown a correlation between the tunnel length and consequences of accidents. The analysis of fire events which occurred in tunnels indicates that in many cases fires are triggered by road accidents. By analysing the road accidents in Italy, the study aims to assess the relative risk of accidents with serious consequences for different classes of road tunnels. The second objective was to assess, using a vehicle type (or size) approach, the corresponding probability of accidents involving vehicles or trucks and special vehicles resulting in serious consequences (domino effect). We analysed the Italian National Institute of Statistics (Istat) dataset on tunnel accidents which occurred between 2018 and 2020 on Italian public roads, involving at least one vehicle. Of these, we extracted tunnel accidents, classified by tunnel length and estimated the corresponding probability of serious consequences. The analysis identified 1,885 case studies of tunnel accidents that occurred in approximately 265 long tunnels and 450 short tunnels and underpasses. Compared with “controls”, “size” was found to be more than double in long tunnels where the related probability of serious accident consequences exceeded 50% more than those of short tunnels. We found that the related probability associated with serious accident consequences in tunnels over 500 m in length was higher than in short tunnels, except for trucks and special vehicles. Road accidents and research on risk evaluation of the effects associated with long and short tunnels are rare. The study aims to fill these gaps.
{"title":"RISK-BASED TUNNEL DESIGN FOR CONSEQUENCES OF ROAD ACCIDENTS: THE ROLE OF TUNNEL LENGTH","authors":"Antonella Pireddu, M. Lombardi, S. Bruzzone, D. Berardi","doi":"10.2495/ssr220061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220061","url":null,"abstract":"Tunnel extension is an under-analysed variable in road tunnel accidents despite being a dimensioning parameter for the purposes of users’ safety according to Directive 2004/54/EC. Recent studies have shown a correlation between the tunnel length and consequences of accidents. The analysis of fire events which occurred in tunnels indicates that in many cases fires are triggered by road accidents. By analysing the road accidents in Italy, the study aims to assess the relative risk of accidents with serious consequences for different classes of road tunnels. The second objective was to assess, using a vehicle type (or size) approach, the corresponding probability of accidents involving vehicles or trucks and special vehicles resulting in serious consequences (domino effect). We analysed the Italian National Institute of Statistics (Istat) dataset on tunnel accidents which occurred between 2018 and 2020 on Italian public roads, involving at least one vehicle. Of these, we extracted tunnel accidents, classified by tunnel length and estimated the corresponding probability of serious consequences. The analysis identified 1,885 case studies of tunnel accidents that occurred in approximately 265 long tunnels and 450 short tunnels and underpasses. Compared with “controls”, “size” was found to be more than double in long tunnels where the related probability of serious accident consequences exceeded 50% more than those of short tunnels. We found that the related probability associated with serious accident consequences in tunnels over 500 m in length was higher than in short tunnels, except for trucks and special vehicles. Road accidents and research on risk evaluation of the effects associated with long and short tunnels are rare. The study aims to fill these gaps.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78128924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Guarascio, D. Berardi, Carlota Despabeladera, Emin Alakbarli, Eleonora DI BENEDETTO, Marta Galuppi, M. Lombardi
{"title":"ROAD TUNNEL RISK-BASED SAFETY DESIGN METHODOLOGY BY GU@LARP QUANTUM RISK MODEL","authors":"M. Guarascio, D. Berardi, Carlota Despabeladera, Emin Alakbarli, Eleonora DI BENEDETTO, Marta Galuppi, M. Lombardi","doi":"10.2495/ssr220031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75088509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Garzia, F. Borghini, J. Bove, M. Lombardi, S. Ramalingam
{"title":"EMOTIONAL ANALYSIS OF SAFENESS AND RISK PERCEPTION OF DIFFERENT PAYMENT SYSTEMS IN ITALY AND THE UK DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"Fabio Garzia, F. Borghini, J. Bove, M. Lombardi, S. Ramalingam","doi":"10.2495/ssr220111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88405669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Izquierdo-Horna, Angélica Sánchez-Castro, J. Duran
Disaster risk management (DRM) is a social process, which aims to prevent, reduce and periodically control disaster risk factors in society, taking into account both national and international policies, strategies and actions. In Latin America and the Caribbean, 25 countries aim to reduce risk, Peru is one of them with 1,535 provincial and local governments that have DRM instruments, however, in the Peruvian rainforest, there is a notable lack of these, meaning the population does not know what to do in an emergency situation. Of the multiple hazards to which Peru is exposed (i.e., earthquakes, mass movements, rainfall, etc.), 18% of these are debris, sludge and avalanche flows. Because of this, it is important to strengthen DRM strategies, specifically in the Peruvian rainforest, through an intercultural approach to reduce the level of social vulnerability to the debris flow. These strategies have to align with the Sendai Framework (2015–2030) and, at the same time, respond to the specific characteristics of each place due to the multicultural and multilingual nature of each sector. Therefore, this research proposes a holistic review for the improvement of vulnerability reduction strategies in social terms, with special emphasis on the intercultural dimension. In order to study the vulnerability factor, the conditions of exposure, fragility, and resilience were analysed, as well as urban centres, vital lines and services, poverty levels, socioeconomic fragility, and social organization levels. Finally, administrative decision-making, policy organization and implementation must respond to this cultural diversity and their capacities to cope with the adverse effects of disasters need to be strengthened.
{"title":"STRENGTHENING OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE PERUVIAN RAINFOREST IN THE FACE OF DEBRIS FLOW THROUGH A VULNERABILITY APPROACH","authors":"Luis Izquierdo-Horna, Angélica Sánchez-Castro, J. Duran","doi":"10.2495/ssr220091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220091","url":null,"abstract":"Disaster risk management (DRM) is a social process, which aims to prevent, reduce and periodically control disaster risk factors in society, taking into account both national and international policies, strategies and actions. In Latin America and the Caribbean, 25 countries aim to reduce risk, Peru is one of them with 1,535 provincial and local governments that have DRM instruments, however, in the Peruvian rainforest, there is a notable lack of these, meaning the population does not know what to do in an emergency situation. Of the multiple hazards to which Peru is exposed (i.e., earthquakes, mass movements, rainfall, etc.), 18% of these are debris, sludge and avalanche flows. Because of this, it is important to strengthen DRM strategies, specifically in the Peruvian rainforest, through an intercultural approach to reduce the level of social vulnerability to the debris flow. These strategies have to align with the Sendai Framework (2015–2030) and, at the same time, respond to the specific characteristics of each place due to the multicultural and multilingual nature of each sector. Therefore, this research proposes a holistic review for the improvement of vulnerability reduction strategies in social terms, with special emphasis on the intercultural dimension. In order to study the vulnerability factor, the conditions of exposure, fragility, and resilience were analysed, as well as urban centres, vital lines and services, poverty levels, socioeconomic fragility, and social organization levels. Finally, administrative decision-making, policy organization and implementation must respond to this cultural diversity and their capacities to cope with the adverse effects of disasters need to be strengthened.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75516841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MANAGING HOMELESS PATIENT RISK IN A U.S. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM","authors":"Eric S. Kyper, Michael J. Douglas, Lukas S. Lees","doi":"10.2495/ssr220041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/ssr220041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75877201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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